brazilian wandering spider mating

Brazilian wandering spiders: Bites & other facts

The spider's name means "murderess" in Greek, which is appropriate for the deadly arachnid.

Classification/taxonomy

Size & characteristics, bites and venom, additional resources.

The Brazilian wandering spider, also called armed spiders or banana spiders, belongs to the genus Phoneutria , which means "murderess" in Greek. And it's no wonder why — it's one of the most venomous spiders on Earth . Its bite, which delivers neurotoxic venom, can be deadly to humans, especially children, although antivenom makes death unlikely.

Guinness World Records has previously named the Brazilian wandering spider the world's most venomous spider multiple times (though the current record-holder is the Sydney funnel-web spider, Atrax robustus , according to Guinness ). But, as the late Jo-Anne Sewlal, who was an arachnologist at the University of the West Indies in Trinidad and Tobago, told Live Science, "classifying an animal as deadly is controversial," as the amount of damage depends on the amount of venom injected. 

Jo-Anne Sewlal was a noted arachnologist from Trinidad and Tobago. While completing her PhD, she received the National Institute of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology (NIHERST) 2012 Award for Excellence in Science and Technology for Junior Scientist. In 2013, She received a doctorate in zoology from the University of the West Indies. She discovered several species of spiders in her home country, surveyed the arachnids across several countries the Caribbean and appeared as an expert on the topic on The Science Channel. She died of an allergic reaction in January 2020.

There are nine species of Brazilian wandering spider, all of which are nocturnal and can be found in Brazil. Some species also can be found throughout Central and South America, from Costa Rica to Argentina, according to a 2008 article in the journal American Entomologist . Study author Richard S. Vetter, a research associate in the department of entomology at the University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, wrote that specimens of these powerful arachnids have been mistakenly exported to North America and Europe in banana shipments. However, Vetter noted, in many cases of cargo infestation, the spider in question is a harmless banana spider (genus Cupiennius ) that is misidentified as a Phoneutria . The two types of spiders look similar.

The taxonomy of Brazilian wandering spiders, according to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) , is:

Kingdom : Animalia Subkingdom : Bilateria Infrakingdom : Protostomia Superphylum : Ecdysozoa Phylum : Arthropoda Subphylum : Chelicerata Class : Arachnida Order : Araneae Family : Ctenidae Genus : Phoneutria  

• Phoneutria bahiensis
• Phoneutria boliviensis
• Phoneutria eickstedtae
• Phoneutria fera
• Phoneutria keyserlingi
• Phoneutria nigriventer
• Phoneutria pertyi
• Phoneutria reidyi
• Phoneutria depilata , according to a 2021 study published in the journal ZooKeys , which found that Phoneutria boliviensis actually included two separate species from different habitats. 

Brazilian wandering spiders are large, with bodies reaching up to 2 inches (5 centimeters) and a leg span of up to 7 inches (18 cm), according to the Natural History Museum in Karlsruhe, Germany. The species vary in color, though all are hairy and mostly brown and gray, although some species have lightly colored spots on their abdomen. Many species have bands of black and yellow or white on the underside of the two front legs, according to the University of Florida . 

These arachnids "are called wandering spiders because they do not build webs but wander on the forest floor at night, actively hunting prey," Sewlal told Live Science in an interview conducted in 2014, before her death. They kill by both ambush and direct attack.

They spend most of their day hiding under logs or in crevices, and come out to hunt at night. They eat insects, other spiders and sometimes, small amphibians, reptiles and mice. 

Research into one species of Brazilian wandering spider, Phoneutria boliviensis , revealed that these spiders eat a mix of arthropods and reptiles. DNA metabarcoding, a technique that examines the DNA and RNA in a sample, of the guts of 57 spiders identified 96 prey species, including flies, beetles, butterflies, moths, grasshoppers, locusts and crickets, according to research from the University of Tolima and the University of Ibagué in Colombia . Some of the female spiders also ate lizards and snakes.

While their bites are powerful and painful, "their bites are a means of self-defense and only done if they are provoked intentionally or by accident," Sewlal said.

In the Brazilian wandering spider, just as in most spider species, the female is larger than the male. Males approach females cautiously when attempting to mate, according to the biology department at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse . Males perform a dance to get females' attention, and males often fight each other over the female. The female can be picky, and she often turns down many males before choosing a mating partner. Once she does pick one, the male needs to watch out; females often attack the males once copulation is finished.

The female then can store the sperm in a separate chamber from the eggs until she is ready to fertilize them. She will lay up to 1,000 eggs at a time, which are kept safe in a spun-silk egg sac.

Brazilian wandering spiders typically live for one or two years.

Brazilian wandering spiders' venom is a complex cocktail of toxins, proteins and peptides, according to the Natural History Museum in Karlsruhe, Germany. The venom affects ion channels and chemical receptors in victims' neuromuscular systems.

After a human is bitten by one of these spiders, he or she may experience initial symptoms such as severe burning pain at the site of the bite, sweating and goosebumps, Sewlal said. Within 30 minutes, symptoms become systemic and include high or low blood pressure , fast or a slow heart rate , nausea, abdominal cramping, hypothermia, vertigo, blurred vision, convulsions and excessive sweating associated with shock. People who are bitten by a Brazilian wandering spider should seek medical attention immediately.

Their  venom is perhaps most famous for triggering painful and long-lasting erections . For that reason, in a 2023 study, scientists reported that they were testing the venom in humans as a potential treatment for erectile dysfunction in those for whom Viagra didn't work.

However, these bites are rare, and envenomations, or exposure to these toxins from a spider bite, are usually mild, Vetter said. For instance, a 2000 study in the journal Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo found that only 2.3% of people with bites who came to a Brazilian hospital over a 13-year period were treated with antivenom. (The other bites did not contain enough venom to require it.) Most of the bites were from the species P. nigriventer and P. keyserlingi in eastern coastal Brazil. About 4,000 bites reportedly happen each year in Brazil, but only 0.5% of those cases are severe, according to a 2018 study in the journal Clinical Toxinology in Australia, Europe, and Americas . Meanwhile, 15 deaths have been attributed to Phoneutria in Brazil since 1903, the 2018 study reported. 

"It is unlikely that the spider would inject all of its venom into you, as this venom is not only needed as a means of defense but to immobilize prey," Sewlal said. "So if it did inject all of its venom, it [would] have to wait until its body manufactured more before it could hunt." That would also leave the spider vulnerable to being attacked by predators.

Furthermore, Sewlal pointed out that venom production requires a lot of a spider's resources and time. "So if the spider were to attack frequently and use up all of its venom, it [would] be safe to assume that it has a ready food supply to replace the energy and resources used. This situation does not exist in the wild."

• Learn more about Brazilian wandering spiders from the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse .
• Read about several species of Brazilian wandering spiders, including several images of the arachnids at the University of Florida .
• Find a spider in your bananas? It may or may not be a deadly species, according to the University of California, Riverside .

This article was originally published on Nov. 20, 2014. 

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Jessie Szalay is a contributing writer to FSR Magazine. Prior to writing for Live Science, she was an editor at Living Social. She holds an MFA in nonfiction writing from George Mason University and a bachelor's degree in sociology from Kenyon College. 

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Brazilian Wandering Spider: Size, Bite, Diet and Other Facts 

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is a venomous arachnid with a fearsome reputation. This South American rainforest dweller packs a powerful punch, but don’t let its nickname “banana spider” fool you – they’re active hunters, not web-spinners. Despite their size and venom, bites are uncommon as they’re typically shy.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider has garnered significant attention due to its potent venom, which makes it one of the world’s most venomous spiders. Understanding its biology and behavior is crucial for both scientific research and public safety.

Scientific classification

The Brazilian Wandering Spider belongs to the family Ctenidae within the order Araneae. Its scientific classification is as follows:

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Arthropoda
• Class: Arachnida
• Order: Araneae
• Family: Ctenidae
• Genus: Phoneutria

The Brazilian Wandering Spider goes by various common names, including “armed spider,” “banana spider,” and “wandering spider.” Synonyms for this species may include Ctenus , which was formerly used for some Phoneutria species.

Distribution and habitat

Distribution:

• South American:  Found throughout most of South America east of the Andes mountains, including countries like Brazil (their namesake), Argentina, Paraguay, and up into northern regions.
• Central American Touch:  A few species even reach southern Central America.
• Rainforest Dwellers:  Primarily found in the lush rainforests of South America.
• Not Picky Places:  They can also adapt to other habitats like the Atlantic Forest and even some urban areas.
• Daytime Hideouts:  While they wander at night, they seek shelter during the day in places like termite mounds, under rocks, or even (unintentionally) in bananas!

Physical Characteristics

 size and weight.

The Brazilian wandering spider is a creepy crawly giant. Their bodies can grow up to 2 inches (5 centimeters) long, but that’s not the scary part. Their legs can span a whopping 7 inches (18 cm), making them look even bigger. They are one of the biggest true spiders by body weight and size.

Despite their impressive leg span, Brazilian wandering spiders are relatively light. They only weigh around 6 grams, which is about the same as two pennies. While they might look imposing, they’re not the heaviest arachnids around.

Coloration and markings

These spiders exhibit a range of colors, including brown, black, and sometimes reddish hues. They often have distinctive markings on their bodies, which can vary between species. These markings may include stripes or patterns that serve as a key identification feature.

Notable features

One of the most notable features of the Brazilian Wandering Spider is its elongated, robust body and long, agile legs. They have sharp fangs, which they use to inject venom into their prey or in self-defense.

Sexual dimorphism

Sexual dimorphism is evident in this species. Females are larger and bulkier than males, while males have longer, more slender legs. Additionally, males possess specialized structures known as pedipalps, which are used during mating.

In the following sections of this article, we will delve deeper into the behavior, venom, and ecological role of the Brazilian Wandering Spider, shedding light on why this species has both fascinated and instilled fear in those who encounter it.

 Behavior and Ecology

 Nocturnal habits

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are primarily nocturnal creatures. They are most active during the night, venturing out of their daytime hiding places to hunt for prey and engage in mating activities. Their nighttime activity allows them to avoid predators and reduce the risk of desiccation in the hot tropical sun.

Hunting and feeding behavior

These spiders are agile hunters and primarily feed on insects, small vertebrates, and other arachnids. They do not build webs to capture prey but instead rely on their excellent senses, including acute vision and touch, to locate and stalk their victims. They often wander in search of food and are known for their swift and lethal strikes. Once they subdue their prey, they inject venom to immobilize it before feeding.

Brazilian Wandering Spiders (Phoneutria) are active hunters and have distinctive feeding behaviors. Here’s an overview of their feeding habits:

• Active Predators: Brazilian Wandering Spiders are not web-builders like many other spider species. Instead, they are active predators. They actively roam their environment in search of prey rather than waiting for insects to stumble into a web.
• Hunting Strategy: When hunting, these spiders use their excellent senses, including acute vision and touch, to locate potential prey. They are known for their agility and speed, which they use to stalk and capture their victims. They have sharp fangs, which they use to deliver a venomous bite to immobilize their prey.
• Diet: Their diet consists primarily of insects and other arthropods, but they are opportunistic feeders and may consume a variety of small creatures, including small vertebrates such as frogs and lizards when the opportunity arises.
• Venom Use: Brazilian Wandering Spiders inject venom into their prey to immobilize and partially digest it. Their venom contains neurotoxins that affect the nervous system of their victims. Once the prey is incapacitated, the spider can feed on it at its leisure.
• Feeding Process: After subduing their prey with a venomous bite, the spider uses its chelicerae (fangs) to break down the prey’s tissues. The venom also helps in predigestion, turning the prey’s insides into a semi-liquid form that the spider can ingest. They can consume both the internal fluids and solid parts of their prey.
• Frequency of Feeding: The frequency of feeding can vary depending on factors such as the availability of prey and the spider’s size. Generally, they need to feed periodically to sustain their energy and growth. Spiderlings may require more frequent meals to support their rapid growth, while adults can go longer periods between meals.

Overall, the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s feeding strategy is well-suited for their active and wandering lifestyle, allowing them to efficiently capture and consume a variety of prey in their natural habitat.

Role in the ecosystem

The Brazilian Wandering Spider plays a vital role in controlling insect populations within its habitat. By preying on a variety of insects and other small creatures, they help maintain ecological balance. Additionally, their presence in the rainforest ecosystem contributes to the overall biodiversity and food web.

Mating and reproduction

Mating in Brazilian Wandering Spiders is a complex and potentially dangerous process. Male spiders must carefully approach and court a receptive female to avoid being mistaken for prey. They use specialized pedipalps to transfer sperm to the female’s reproductive organs. After successful mating, females lay egg sacs containing hundreds of eggs. They guard these sacs and ensure the survival of their offspring until they hatch.

 Lifespan and growth

The lifespan of Brazilian Wandering Spiders varies between males and females. Males generally have a shorter lifespan, typically living for a few months to a year after reaching maturity. Females, on the other hand, can live for several years. The growth of these spiders involves a series of molts, during which they shed their exoskeletons to accommodate their increasing size. Molting is a vulnerable period in their lives as their new exoskeleton is initially soft and requires time to harden.

Venom and Envenomation

Composition of venom.

The venom of Brazilian Wandering Spiders is a complex mixture of neurotoxins, cytotoxins, and other enzymes. One of the most significant components is a neurotoxin called PhTx3, which targets the nervous system of their prey.

Toxicity and effects on humans

The venom of these spiders is highly potent and can be lethal to their prey. In humans, envenomation can cause a range of symptoms, including intense pain, muscle cramps, fever, nausea, and in severe cases, paralysis and death. It’s important to note that while their venom is potent, actual fatalities from Brazilian Wandering Spider bites are rare due to the availability of medical treatment.

First aid and medical treatment

In the event of a Brazilian Wandering Spider bite, immediate medical attention is crucial. First aid measures may include cleaning the wound and applying ice to reduce pain and swelling. However, the primary treatment involves antivenom, which can counteract the effects of the spider’s venom.

Cases of envenomation and fatalities

Although fatalities from Brazilian Wandering Spider bites are uncommon, there have been documented cases of severe envenomation, especially in regions where medical treatment is not readily available. These spiders are generally non-aggressive and will bite humans only in self-defense when provoked, or if they feel cornered.

Understanding the behavior, ecology, and venomous nature of the Brazilian Wandering Spider is crucial for both scientific research and public awareness, helping to minimize the risk of envenomation and promote coexistence with this remarkable but potentially dangerous arachnid.

Brazilian wandering spider life cycle

The Brazilian wandering spider has a fascinating life cycle that revolves around hunting and motherhood. Here’s a breakdown:

• Egg Haven:  After mating, the female lays hundreds, sometimes even a thousand, eggs in a silken sac. This becomes their protected nursery.
• Tiny Terrors:  Hatching from the eggs emerge translucent spiderlings called larvae.
• Nymph Stage:  The larvae molt a few times, transforming into nymphs. Think of them as mini-adults but without the ability to reproduce yet.
• Shedding for Size:  As nymphs grow, they undergo multiple molts, shedding their outer shell to accommodate their larger bodies.
• Ready to Roam:  After the final molt, the spider emerges as a full-fledged adult, complete with reproductive organs. Now, they can join the wandering lifestyle and continue the cycle.

The life cycle begins when a female Brazilian Wandering Spider lays her eggs. She typically creates an egg sac made of silk and deposits it in a concealed location, such as a tree hollow or leaf litter. Inside the sac, she may lay hundreds of eggs. The female guards the egg sac and ensures its protection until the spiderlings hatch. The duration of the egg stage varies depending on environmental conditions but generally lasts for a few weeks.

Spiderling Stage

After the incubation period, spiderlings (young spiders) emerge from the egg sac. They are extremely vulnerable at this stage and rely on their mother’s protection and guidance. Spiderlings are miniature versions of adult spiders but lack the full coloration and size. They disperse from the nest once they have molted and are capable of hunting on their own. During this stage, they grow rapidly by molting, shedding their exoskeletons to accommodate their increasing size.

Juvenile Stage

As spiderlings continue to molt and grow, they progress into the juvenile stage. During this phase, their coloration becomes more distinct, and they start to develop the characteristic features of adult Brazilian Wandering Spiders. They become increasingly independent and begin to exhibit hunting behaviors. The duration of the juvenile stage can vary but often lasts several months.

Sub-Adult Stage

The sub-adult stage is an intermediate phase between juvenile and adult. At this point, the spiders are closer in size and appearance to adults but have not yet reached sexual maturity. They continue to molt, with the frequency of molting gradually decreasing as they approach adulthood. Sub-adult spiders may exhibit more territorial behaviors as they compete for resources and prepare for eventual mating.

Adult Stage

Upon reaching sexual maturity, Brazilian Wandering Spiders enter the adult stage. This is when they are fully developed and capable of reproduction. Females are larger and bulkier than males, and males possess specialized structures called pedipalps, which they use during mating. Adult spiders engage in mating activities, and females lay eggs to continue the life cycle. Adult Brazilian Wandering Spiders can live for several years, with females typically having longer lifespans than males.

Understanding the life cycle of these spiders is essential for studying their behavior, reproductive biology, and population dynamics. It also provides insights into their adaptation strategies in the complex ecosystems of South and Central America.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Bite

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are known for their potent venom and, occasionally, their bites on humans. While bites are relatively rare due to the spider’s non-aggressive nature, understanding the consequences of a bite is crucial for public safety.

Studying Brazilian Wandering Spider bites is of great interest for several reasons. It helps healthcare professionals provide appropriate medical treatment, raises awareness among communities in spider habitats, and contributes to our understanding of venomous arachnid envenomations.

The venom of Brazilian Wandering Spiders is a complex mixture of neurotoxins, cytotoxins, and enzymes. It contains various components, including PhTx3, which is a potent neurotoxin affecting the nervous system.

Brazilian Wandering Spider bites can have a range of effects on the human body, including intense pain, muscle cramps, fever, nausea, and in severe cases, paralysis. The severity of the symptoms depends on factors such as the amount of venom injected and the individual’s sensitivity to the venom. There are several types of spider bites .

Symptoms of a Brazilian Wandering Spider Bite

Local symptoms

• Intense pain
• Itching or burning sensation
• Formation of blisters or lesions

Systemic symptoms

• Muscle cramps and spasms
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Elevated heart rate
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Respiratory distress

Severity and variations

The severity of Brazilian Wandering Spider bite symptoms can vary widely. In some cases, symptoms may be mild and resolve on their own, while in severe envenomations, life-threatening complications can occur. Individual reactions to the venom can also vary, making it challenging to predict the exact outcome of a bite.

First Aid and Immediate Response

Steps to take after a bite

Immediate response to a Brazilian Wandering Spider bite should include:

• – Washing the bite area with soap and water.
• – Applying a clean, cool compress to reduce pain and swelling.
• – Immobilizing the affected limb or area.
• – Keeping the bite victim calm to prevent an elevated heart rate.

Do’s and don’ts in case of a bite

• – Seek medical attention promptly.
• – Take note of the spider’s appearance (if possible) to aid identification.
• – Keep the bite victim still and calm to reduce the spread of venom.
• – Do not try to suck out venom or make incisions at the bite site.
• – Avoid applying tourniquets.
• – Don’t use ice directly on the skin as it can worsen tissue damage.

Seeking medical attention

Medical attention is essential after a Brazilian Wandering Spider bite, even if symptoms appear mild initially. Antivenom is available and can be administered to counteract the effects of the venom. Medical professionals can also manage symptoms and monitor for potential complications.

Complications and Long-Term Effects

Potential complications

Complications from Brazilian Wandering Spider bites can include:

• – Severe muscle spasms
• – Respiratory distress
• – Cardiovascular issues
• – Kidney failure (rare)
• – Allergic reactions to antivenom

Long-term consequences

Long-term consequences of a bite can vary depending on the severity and medical treatment received. Some individuals may experience lingering pain, muscle weakness, or psychological trauma following a severe envenomation.

Recovery and rehabilitation

Recovery from a Brazilian Wandering Spider bite typically involves medical treatment, rehabilitation for muscle and nerve damage, and psychological support for individuals affected by the experience. Rehabilitation may include physical therapy to regain muscle strength and function. Prompt medical attention and appropriate care are crucial for minimizing long-term effects and complications.

Facts of Brazilian Wanding Spider

Here are 10 creepy crawly facts about the Brazilian Wandering Spider:

• Big and Hairy:  These spiders are giants! Their bodies can grow up to 2 inches (5 centimeters) long, with a leg span of up to 7 inches (18 cm). They are covered in hairs, making them appear even bigger.
• Wanderlust:  They are aptly named – Brazilian wandering spiders don’t spin webs. Instead, they wander the forest floor at night in search of prey.
• Venomous Bite:  Their venom is considered one of the most potent among spiders. A bite can cause severe pain, swelling, sweating, nausea, and even priapism in males. Thankfully, bites are rare as they are typically shy and defensive.
• Not So Fond of Bananas:  While sometimes called ‘banana spiders,’ they are not typically found in bananas. They might, however, take shelter in them during transport, which is how they might end up in a faraway land.
• Rainforest Resident:  These spiders are native to the rainforests of South America, particularly in Brazil.
• Fearsome Feasters:  They’re active hunters and will eat almost anything they can overpower, including insects, lizards, frogs, and even small rodents.
• Mom’s the Word:  Female Brazilian wandering spiders are dedicated mothers. They lay hundreds of eggs in a silken sac and fiercely guard them until they hatch.
• Multiple Molts:  Like all spiders, Brazilian wandering spiders grow through molting. They shed their exoskeleton multiple times as they grow into adults.
• Mating Dance:  Male Brazilian wandering spiders perform a elaborate mating dance to attract a female.
• Medicinal Potential:  Despite their scary reputation, the venom of the Brazilian wandering spider is being studied for its potential use in treating erectile dysfunction.

What happens if a Brazilian Wandering Spider bites a man?

A Brazilian Wandering Spider bite on a man can cause a range of symptoms, some severe:

• Pain:  The bite is known for causing intense, localized pain at the site.
• Autonomic effects:  Sweating, nausea, and increased heart rate are common.
• Priapism:  In some cases, males may experience a prolonged and painful erection (priapism). This is due to a component in the venom.
• Muscle paralysis:  Severe bites can lead to muscle paralysis, which can affect breathing in rare cases.

However, it’s important to remember:

• Bites are uncommon as these spiders are typically shy and defensive.
• Antivenom is available and effective in treating bites.

If bitten, seek medical attention immediately. Early treatment can help prevent complications and ensure a full recovery.

How poisonous is a Brazilian Wandering Spider?

Brazilian Wandering Spider packs a nasty venomous punch, considered one of the strongest among spiders. Bites are rare though, as they’re shy and prefer to escape trouble.

What is the world’s deadliest spider?

The term “deadliest” can be subjective and depends on how one defines it (e.g., based on venom potency or human fatalities). However, the Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria) is often considered one of the most venomous spiders in the world. Another spider often mentioned in discussions of venom toxicity is the Sydney Funnel-web Spider (Atrax robustus and Atrax formosus), found in Australia. These spiders are known for their potent venom and have caused fatalities in the past.

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Brazilian Wandering Spider

The Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria fera) is an aggressive and highly venomous spider . It was first discovered in Brazil hence its name. However, this genus is known to exist elsewhere in South and Central America .

The Brazilian Wandering spider is a member of the Ctenidae family of wandering spiders.

The Brazilian Wandering spider appeared in the Guinness Book of World Records 2007 for being the most venomous animal .

In this particular genus, there are five known similar species whose members are also highly venomous. They include some of the relatively few species of spiders that present a threat to human beings.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Characteristics

The Brazilian wandering spider can grow to have a leg span of up to 4 – 5 inches. They are large hairy spindly-looking spiders who have eight eyes, two of which are large. Brazilian wandering spiders are fast-moving spiders, their legs are strong and spiny and they have distinctive red jaws which they display when angered.

The Brazilian wandering spider is not a Tarantula . Brazilian wandering spiders are not even in the same family group. Tarantulas are harmless to humans and are mostly ambush killers who wait for prey to come to them. Brazilian wandering spiders are active hunters. Brazilian wandering spiders and Tarantulas do have one thing in common, however, they do not eat bananas.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Habitat and Spider Webs

The Brazilian Wandering spider is so-called because it wanders the jungle floor, rather than residing in a lair or maintaining a web. This is another reason it is considered so dangerous. In densely populated areas, the Brazilian Wandering spider will usually search for cover and dark places to hide during daytime, leading it to hide within houses, clothes, cars, boots, boxes and log piles. This usually causes accidents when people disturb them.

The Brazilian Wandering spider is also called the ‘banana spider’ as it is occasionally found within shipments of bananas. As a result, any large spider appearing in a bunch of bananas should be treated with due care.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Diet

Adult Brazilian Wandering spiders eat crickets, other large insects, small lizards and mice. Spiderlings of this species eat flightless fruit flies and pinhead crickets.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Reproduction

All spiders produce silk, a thin, strong protein strand extruded by the spider from spinnerets most commonly found on the end of the abdomen. Many species use it to trap insects in webs, although there are many species that hunt freely such as the Brazilian Wandering spider. Silk can be used to aid in climbing, form smooth walls for burrows, build egg sacs, wrap prey and temporarily hold sperm, among other applications.

Brazilian Wandering spiders reproduce by means of eggs, which are packed into silk bundles called egg sacs. The male spider must (in most cases) make a timely departure after mating to escape before the females normal predatory instincts return.

Mature male spiders have swollen bulbs on the end of their palps for this purpose and this is a useful way to identify whether the spider is male or female. Once the sperm is inside the female spider, she stores it in a chamber and only uses it during the egg-laying process, when the eggs come into contact with the male sperm for the first time and are fertilized. The Brazilian Wandering spiders life cycle is 1 – 2 years.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Venom

Bites from the Brazilian Wandering spider may result in only a couple of painful pinpricks to full-blown envenomed. In either case, people bitten by this spider or any Ctenid should seek immediate emergency treatment as the venom is possibly life threatening.

The Phoneutria fera and Phoneutria nigriventer (two species of wandering spider) are the two most commonly implicated as the most vicious and deadly of the Phoneutria spiders.

The Phoneutria not only has a potent neurotoxin, but is reported to have one of the most excruciatingly painful envenoms of all spiders due to its high concentration of serotonin. They have the most active venom of any living spiders.

One of their members, the Brazilian Huntsman, is thought to be the most venomous spider in the world. Brazilian wandering spiders are certainly dangerous and bite more people than any other spiders.

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Brazilian Wandering Spider: Care, Food, Habitat & Preventions

Mike Wallace

Have you ever heard of or do you know what a  Brazilian wandering spider is ? It is a big venomous spider from places like Central and South America, and people sometimes call it the  banana spider . Why? Well, we are about to find out!

Table of Contents

These wandering spiders are aggressive hunters who go out on the hunt at night. Their meals include both invertebrates (like insects) and vertebrates (creatures with a backbone, like small animals).

These spiders are super dangerous because their venom is like a powerful potion that can make people really sick or even worse. They usually hang out in tropical rainforests and even in cities, hiding in banana plants. 

So, let’s get more information about the world of this sneaky spider to learn the details about its looks, eating habits, where it lives, the venom it carries, and find out if it is genuinely risky. Ready to explore? Keep reading!

Brazilian Wandering Spider Description:

Scientific name and family:.

In Brazil, they are sometimes known as “ armed spiders ” (armadeiras), and they share the name “ banana spiders ” with a few other spiders. They have different names, but they are all talking about the same interesting spider!

The Brazilian wandering spider, scientifically known as  Phoneutria , Maximilian Perty kickstarted the Phoneutria genus in 1833. The name comes from the Greek word φονεύτρια , which means “murderess” and falls under the Animalia kingdom, Arthropoda phylum, and Arachnida class.

Within Arachnida, it is classified in the order Araneae, infraorder Araneomorphae, and Ctenidae family. The genus Phoneutria, described by Perty in 1833, includes the type species  Phoneutria fera .

This classification helps us understand where these spiders fit into the larger picture of living organisms.

The following 9 species are accepted by The  World Spider Catalog :

• Phoneutria bahiensis
• Phoneutria boliviensis
• Phoneutria eickstedtae
• Phoneutria fera
• Phoneutria keyserlingi
• Phoneutria nigriventer
• Phoneutria pertyi
• Phoneutria reidyi
• Phoneutria depilata

What do Brazilian Wandering Spider look like?

Size range:.

The spiders in the Phoneutria group can get pretty big in size. Their legs can stretch out to be 13 to 18 centimeters (5 to 7 inches) wide, and their bodies can have a range between 17 to 48 millimeters (a little more than half an inch to almost 2 inches) long.

The female Brazilian spiders can get pretty big, reaching up to 15 centimeters (5.9 inches) in length. On the other hand, the males are smaller, usually measuring around 7 centimeters (2.8 inches). They usually weigh up to 0.21 ounces.

They have long, slender legs, and even though some other spiders with different names might have longer legs, the Phoneutria spiders are champions when it comes to having the longest bodies and being the heaviest in their spider gang.

The spider’s body has two main parts. The first is the prosoma, kind of like its “head,” where you will find all eight legs, eyes, fangs (chelicera), and little multitasking arms (pedipalps).

The second part is the opisthosoma, holding the spinnerets for making silk, the back end opening (anal opening), “the lungs,” the heart, and the important bits for making baby spiders (reproductive organs).

So, the prosoma is like the front control center, and the opisthosoma is like the back office, handling things like silk-making and baby-making.

Brazilian spiders come in different colors, with most being hairy and shades of brown and gray. Some species may have lightly colored spots on their abdomen.

A distinctive feature of many species is the presence of bands of black and yellow or white on the underside of their two front legs.

Identification:

To identify a spider from the Phoneutria group, look for a dense brush of fine hairs on their leg parts. They might seem like other spiders, especially  Cupiennius , but here is how you can differentiate: 

• Phoneutria often have a dark line on the front of their palps and a thin black line on top of their head. 
• Check underneath, too; their legs usually have dark parts and light joints. Sometimes, the belly has black dots or is reddish. 
• Usually it has been observed that when they are upset, they do a cool defensive move like lifting their front legs high with a distinctive pattern. So, if you see a spider doing that dance, it is probably a Phoneutria!

Brazilian Wandering Spiders live all over the Americas, from Costa Rica to northern Argentina. They are like the residents of the jungle, chilling in forests east of the Andes in countries like Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and the Guianas.

Some, like P. reidyi, P. boliviensis, and P. fera, love the Amazon rainforest, while others prefer the Atlantic Forest in Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil.

They have also made themselves at home in the Cerrado savanna. But if you head to northeastern Brazil, they are not around. These spiders have even taken trips to Chile and Uruguay.

Why are they called Banana Spiders?

These spiders are linked with bananas. Richard S. Vetter, a researcher at the University of California, found that these powerful spiders sometimes end up in North America and Europe by accident, hitching a ride in banana shipments.

But it is often a case of mistaken identity. Only a few Phoneutria species have been found in banana shipments, and sometimes, other spiders get the blame due to misidentification. 

What They Like to Eat or Hunt?

Their food includes flies, beetles, butterflies, moths, grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets. Occasionally, they might even feast on small creatures like amphibians, reptiles, or mice. All these diet or food findings tell us about how diversified eating habits these fascinating spiders have.

Mating and Lifecycle:

Like most spiders, the female spiders are bigger than the males. When the male spider wants to be friends, they do a little dance (vibrating his pedipalps and specialized sensory appendages) to signal his intentions to impress the female, but it is a cautious approach.

The behavior of the female can be choosy, and she might say no to a few before picking the right one. 

After the dance, sometimes, the females decide to attack them, or if she is interested, she can store the male’s baby-making material in a special place until she is ready to use it.

Then, she lays a bunch of eggs, up to 1,000 at a time, and keeps them safe in a silk egg sac. Sadly, after laying her eggs, the mom spider says goodbye. It is her way of making sure the new spiders are ready to explore the world on their own.

The lifespan of the banana spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) differs for males and females. Females usually live for 6 to 8 weeks after reaching maturity, while males have a shorter lifespan of 2 to 3 weeks after their last molt. 

Certain mammals, like coatis (Procyonidae, which includes raccoons) and other small insectivores, birds are potential predators of large wandering spiders.

These spiders got their name as wandering spiders because of the fact that they are not into web building. Instead, they stroll around the forest floor at night(nocturnal), searching for dinner.

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are active hunters and use both ambush tactics and direct attacks to catch their prey. During the day, they prefer cozy spots like under logs or in crevices, only emerging at night for their hunting adventures. These spiders do not build nests like other spider species.

While wandering spiders are not naturally aggressive towards humans, they won’t hesitate to bite if they feel cornered or threatened. Most bites happen when a spider accidentally gets trapped in clothing or bedding. 

Bite and Venom:

The bite of the armed spider is the most dangerous in the world as the venom it carries can be harmful to humans.

The danger is not just about how strong the venom is; it is also about factors like the spider’s likelihood to bite and how close it is to where people live.

These spiders often hide in houses, clothes, and other dark places during the day, making accidental bites more likely. 

While their fangs are adapted for small prey, some experts think they might give a “dry” bite in defense to save venom. Studies suggest that not all bites inject venom, and serious cases requiring antivenom are rare.

However, there have been confirmed cases of death, with symptoms appearing quickly, including:

• Severe pain
• Breathing difficulties
• Increased heart rate and blood pressure
• In severe cases, paralysis and death

The severity can depend on the spider’s sex, with females generally more dangerous. The spiders produce less venom in colder months, and a small amount can be potent enough to harm.

Fortunately, bites from Brazilian spiders are rare, and when they do occur, the exposure to the toxins is generally mild, as explained by Vetter.

Also Read: What is a Huntsman Spider? (Heteropodidae) – The Ultimate Guide

Banana Spider’s Facts:

Below are essential details about Brazilian wandering spiders:

• They hold the title for the world’s largest spiders , boasting leg spans reaching up to 15 centimeters (6 inches).
• Their venom packs a powerful punch, capable of inducing severe pain, paralysis, and, in extreme cases, fatal outcomes for humans.
• Despite their intimidating reputation, they are generally non-aggressive and resort to biting only when provoked.
• These spiders inhabit tropical rainforests and urban areas across Central and South America.
• In case someone has been bitten by this spider, he/she needs quick medical treatment to control the effects timely.

Treatment and Preventive Measures:

If bitten by a wandering spider or armed spiders, prompt medical attention is crucial. There is an antivenom for the spider’s venom, but its effectiveness is highest when administered within a few hours of the bite.

To prevent a bite:

• Wear protective clothing, use shoes and long pants when in areas where these spiders are found.
• Before wearing your clothes and shoes, make sure to check them to ensure no spiders are hiding.
• Maintain cleanliness and avoid leaving food or garbage exposed, as this can attract spiders.

These preventive measures are essential for minimizing the risk of encountering and getting bitten by Banana spiders.

Can Brazilian spiders kill humans?

Brazilian wandering spiders (Phoneutria nigriventer) are venomous and can potentially kill a human with a single bite. Their venom contains a potent neurotoxin that can cause severe pain, paralysis, and even death. 

Are Brazilian spiders poisonous?

Yes the venom of this spider is poisonous, that can cause death. While Brazilian wandering spiders are potentially dangerous, actual bites are relatively rare.

By adopting preventive measures and promptly seeking medical attention if bitten, the risk of serious complications can be significantly reduced.

Can you keep Brazilian spiders as pets?

It is strongly advised against keeping wandering spiders as pets due to their venomous nature and the potential risk to human safety.

Managing these spiders in captivity demands specialized knowledge and handling procedures to minimize the risk of bites.

Final Thoughts:

The Brazilian wandering spider, banana spider, or armed spider is a large and venomous arachnid found in Central and South America. While their potent venom can be harmful to humans, encounters are rare.

These nocturnal hunters have adopted various habitats, from rainforests to urban areas, and are associated with banana shipments. Understanding their appearance, behavior, and habitat is crucial for minimizing risks.

Seeking immediate medical attention after a bite is essential, as antivenom is available but most effective when administered promptly. Despite their fearsome reputation, the Brazilian spider remains a captivating and potentially dangerous species.

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Brazilian Wandering Spider

Brazilian Wandering Spider , scientifically known as Phoneutria, emerges as a captivating enigma in the realm of arachnids.

Renowned for its formidable reputation as one of the world’s most venomous spiders , Phoneutria embodies a plethora of intriguing traits that have captured the curiosity of enthusiasts and researchers alike.

From its distinctive appearance and neurotoxic venom to its nomadic hunting strategies and unique mating behaviors , this remarkable spider species holds a wealth of fascinating secrets waiting to be unraveled.

Join us as we embark on a journey to explore the captivating world of the Brazilian Wandering Spider, shedding light on its captivating characteristics and dispelling myths that have shrouded its true nature.

1. Taxonomy and Distribution of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. scientific classification of phoneutria.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, scientifically referred to as Phoneutria, occupies a distinct place within the arachnid taxonomy.

Belonging to the family Ctenidae, this spider genus is further categorized into several species, each boasting unique traits and behaviors .

Phoneutria’s taxonomic position not only distinguishes it from its arachnid counterparts but also underscores its intriguing evolutionary journey.

B. Native Habitat in South and Central America

Endemic to the lush landscapes of South and Central America, the Brazilian Wandering Spider finds its natural haven within these diverse regions.

From the rainforests of the Amazon to the tropical stretches of the Caribbean, Phoneutria has adapted to a range of environments over the course of its evolution.

The spider’s ancestral ties to these regions are tightly woven into their behaviors , anatomy, and survival strategies.

C. Preference for Tropical Rainforests and Urban Areas

Within its native territories, the Brazilian Wandering Spider exhibits remarkable versatility in its chosen habitats.

While it thrives amidst the vibrant biodiversity of tropical rainforests, it has also displayed a propensity for urban locales.

Phoneutria’s adaptability has led it to establish a presence in urban areas, where it often finds shelter in crevices, gardens, and even human dwellings.

This adaptability to both wild and urban spaces further showcases the spider’s resilience and capacity to thrive in varying conditions.

2. Physical Characteristics of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. size, coloration, and distinctive markings.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider , a creature of remarkable visual intrigue, boasts an array of captivating physical attributes.

Ranging in size from a few centimeters to several inches, Phoneutria showcases a size diversity that reflects the breadth of its genus.

Its coloration varies across species, encompassing shades of brown, black, and gray, often accompanied by intricate patterns and markings that adorn its exoskeleton.

These unique markings serve not only as a visual spectacle but also as essential components of its survival toolkit.

B. Camouflage and Defense Mechanisms

The Brazilian Wandering Spider’s appearance is a masterpiece of evolution, meticulously crafted to ensure both survival and predation .

Its coloration and markings are tailor-made for blending seamlessly into its surroundings, granting it a potent advantage in ambushing prey and evading predators . Moreover, these markings also play a role in its defense mechanisms.

When threatened, Phoneutria adopts a defensive posture, raising its front legs and revealing its striking markings, a visual warning to potential threats. This dual-purpose camouflage and defense strategy exemplify nature’s ingenuity at its finest.

C. Sexual Dimorphism: Unveiling Gender Differences

A fascinating facet of the Brazilian Wandering Spider lies in the realm of sexual dimorphism , where gender-based variations manifest in pronounced ways.

Females tend to be larger and more robust than their male counterparts, showcasing a size disparity that has evolved in tandem with their roles in reproduction and hunting .

Beyond size, other characteristics, such as leg structure and coloration, also exhibit subtle differences between male and female Phoneutria specimens.

This divergence in physical traits adds depth to our understanding of the species’ intricate biology and behavior .

In exploring the physical characteristics of the Brazilian Wandering Spider , we uncover a canvas painted with size diversity, intricate coloration, and unique markings.

These features, finely tuned by evolution, contribute to its prowess in camouflage and defense, while the fascinating interplay of sexual dimorphism further enriches our perception of this captivating arachnid species .

3. Venomous Nature of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. potent neurotoxic venom: a silent lethal weapon.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, known scientifically as Phoneutria, harbors a venomous arsenal that stands as a testament to nature’s intricate design.

This spider’s venom contains a potent concoction of neurotoxic compounds, tailored by evolution to incapacitate its prey swiftly and efficiently.

The neurotoxins interfere with nerve cell communication, leading to paralysis and ensuring that Phoneutria’s quarry is rendered immobile and defenseless, setting the stage for a successful meal.

B. Effects on Prey and Human Hazard

When a victim succumbs to the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s venom , the effects are a symphony of paralysis and predation .

The venom’s impact on the prey’s nervous system results in swift immobilization, offering the spider a decisive advantage in subduing its catch.

While this venomous efficiency is well-adapted for predation, it also underscores the potential danger to humans.

A bite from Phoneutria can lead to a series of neurotoxic reactions, with varying degrees of severity depending on factors such as the individual’s age and overall health.

While human envenomations are relatively rare, they can result in a range of symptoms, from localized pain and swelling to more severe neurological effects.

C. Recorded Cases of Envenomations: Unraveling the Symptoms

Throughout history, documented cases of Phoneutria envenomations have offered insights into the spider’s potential threat to humans .

Symptoms typically include intense pain at the bite site, accompanied by swelling and redness . In some instances, victims have reported systemic reactions, such as muscle cramps, elevated heart rate, and even breathing difficulties.

Swift medical attention and the administration of antivenom have proven effective in mitigating the severity of these symptoms.

These cases serve as a reminder of the delicate balance between the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s potent venom and the potential risks it poses to those who unwittingly encounter it.

4. Hunting and Diet of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. hunting techniques and wandering behavior.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, scientifically known as Phoneutria, unveils a mesmerizing repertoire of hunting techniques that set it apart as a master predator .

Displaying an agile and nomadic behavior , Phoneutria does not confine itself to the confines of a web. Instead, it actively prowls its surroundings, tirelessly searching for potential prey.

This dynamic wandering behavior ensures that its chances of encountering a variety of food sources are maximized, showcasing a strategic approach to sustenance.

B. Active Hunting Triumphs Over Web-Building

Unlike its web-weaving counterparts, the Brazilian Wandering Spider relies on a more hands-on approach to securing its next meal.

While weaving webs might seem an efficient method, Phoneutria’s active hunting strategy offers a distinct advantage in versatility.

By forgoing the constraints of a stationary web, it can tailor its approach to suit different environments and prey types, adapting its tactics on the fly.

This adaptability demonstrates the spider’s remarkable ability to adjust its methods for optimal results.

C. Diverse Prey Spectrum: Insects to Small Vertebrates

Phoneutria’s diet is a testament to its prowess as an opportunistic predator . Its menu spans a diverse range of creatures, from insects like crickets and cockroaches to small vertebrates such as lizards and frogs , and even small rodents.

This wide-ranging palate highlights its ecological significance in controlling various populations within its habitat.

By consuming creatures both large and small, Phoneutria ensures a balanced ecosystem, playing a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological equilibrium.

5. Mating and Reproduction of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. courtship rituals and behaviors: a complex affair.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, scientifically referred to as Phoneutria, reveals a captivating array of courtship rituals and behaviors that form the cornerstone of its reproductive cycle.

Courtship among these arachnids is a complex affair, involving intricate dances and displays that serve as both communication and assessment.

Male Phoneutria employs a combination of visual cues, vibrations, and tactile interactions to court potential mates.

This elaborate courtship process highlights the significance of precise communication in the delicate dance of reproduction .

B. Cannibalistic Tendencies: A Post-Mating Phenomenon

An aspect that sets Phoneutria’s mating process apart is the notorious cannibalistic tendency exhibited by females after mating.

Following successful mating, females may exhibit an inclination to consume their partners. This seemingly counterintuitive behavior has evolutionary underpinnings.

It is believed that this cannibalistic act not only provides the female with a much-needed nutritional boost but also eliminates potential competitors and safeguards the male’s investment in the next generation.

This intriguing behavior sheds light on the complexities of reproductive strategies within the species.

C. The Unique Mating Plug Phenomenon: A Puzzling Enigma

A distinctive feature in Phoneutria’s reproductive saga is the enigmatic mating plug phenomenon. After mating, male Phoneutria deposit a specialized substance that forms a plug within the female’s reproductive tract.

This plug is believed to serve multiple purposes. It may prevent other males from mating with the female, thus ensuring the successful transmission of the mating male’s genetic material.

Additionally, it might aid in sealing off the female’s reproductive tract, potentially protecting her from external pathogens.

This phenomenon underscores the intricate interplay of biological strategies that contribute to the species’ reproductive success.

6. Human Interaction and Urban Legends of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. occasional presence in urban areas: nature in our midst.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, scientifically known as Phoneutria, has carved a niche for itself not only in the wild but also in the fabric of urban environments.

While its primary habitats are the lush landscapes of South and Central America, Phoneutria occasionally ventures into human -inhabited spaces. Its adaptability allows it to find shelter in gardens, crevices, and even within homes.

This coexistence with humans adds an intriguing dimension to our encounters with this enigmatic arachnid .

B. Debunking Misconceptions: Separating Fact from Fiction

The presence of the Brazilian Wandering Spider has sparked a plethora of misconceptions and exaggerated tales, contributing to the creation of urban legends.

Stories of spiders leaping from banana bunches or hiding under toilet seats have become part of modern folklore, often fueled by sensationalism.

It’s crucial to sift through these tales and recognize that while Phoneutria’s venom is potent, the likelihood of encountering a dangerous encounter is relatively low.

Separating fact from fiction empowers individuals to approach these creatures with accurate knowledge.

C. Importance of Proper Education: Identifying Friend from Foe

Education plays a pivotal role in fostering a harmonious coexistence between humans and the Brazilian Wandering Spider .

Learning to identify and understand the behaviors of Phoneutria species enhances safety for both humans and the spiders themselves.

Instead of succumbing to unwarranted fear, individuals can take steps to reduce the chances of accidental encounters and, if necessary, engage in responsible removal methods.

By arming themselves with knowledge, individuals can navigate encounters with urban-dwelling Phoneutria specimens with confidence and respect.

7. Brazilian Wandering Spider Conservation and Misunderstanding

A. significance of phoneutria in ecosystem dynamics.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider , scientifically termed Phoneutria, assumes a pivotal role within its ecosystem, contributing to a delicate balance of populations and interactions.

As a top-tier predator , it plays a crucial part in controlling insect and small vertebrate populations, preventing unchecked growth that could disrupt the ecosystem’s equilibrium.

By maintaining these population dynamics, Phoneutria ensures the health and stability of its habitat, highlighting its significance beyond its ominous reputation.

B. Impact of Fear and Misunderstanding: Hindrances to Conservation

Despite its ecological contributions, the Brazilian Wandering Spider often falls victim to fear-driven misconceptions that negatively impact conservation efforts.

Misunderstandings surrounding its behavior and potential danger can lead to unwarranted extermination campaigns and habitat destruction.

Fear-driven reactions not only disrupt the natural balance but also hinder opportunities to study and appreciate the species for its ecological significance.

Addressing these misconceptions is crucial to ensuring the spider’s survival and maintaining the health of its ecosystems.

C. Efforts to Dispel Myths and Promote Coexistence

Efforts to conserve the Brazilian Wandering Spider are interwoven with endeavors to educate and dispel myths.

By providing accurate information and dispelling exaggerated tales, conservationists aim to reshape public perception.

Collaborative initiatives emphasize coexistence, highlighting the importance of responsible behavior when encountering Phoneutria.

Educating communities about the spider’s role, behavior, and conservation status fosters an environment where fear gives way to appreciation, and where balanced cohabitation becomes a reality.

8. Research and Medical Significance of the Brazilian Wandering Spider

A. ongoing scientific research on phoneutria venom.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider , Phoneutria, has garnered significant attention from the scientific community due to the unique properties of its venom.

Ongoing research delves into the intricate composition of the venom, aiming to unlock its mysteries and potential applications in various fields.

The diverse array of compounds within the venom, particularly its neurotoxic components, has attracted interest for their potential medical and therapeutic implications.

B. Antivenom Development and Therapeutic Prospects

One of the most promising areas of research surrounding Phoneutria lies in the development of antivenoms and therapeutic agents.

The venom’s potent neurotoxic effects on the nervous system have spurred efforts to create targeted treatments for conditions such as chronic pain and neurological disorders .

Additionally, the potential for antivenoms holds promise in mitigating the effects of envenomations, offering a lifeline for individuals who encounter these spiders .

This focus on harnessing the venom’s properties for positive medical outcomes highlights the transformative potential within this enigmatic arachnid .

C. Balanced Perspectives: Navigating Ethical and Scientific Endeavors

While research on the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s venom offers tremendous potential, it necessitates a balanced perspective.

As researchers probe the venom’s properties, ethical considerations arise, including the well-being of the spiders and their ecosystems.

A holistic approach acknowledges the value of understanding Phoneutria’s natural behaviors and conserving its habitats.

This balanced perspective extends to utilizing the venom’s potential responsibly, ensuring that breakthroughs are achieved while respecting the complex interplay of science and nature.

9. Frequently Asked Questions about the Brazilian Wandering Spider

What is the brazilian wandering spider.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider , scientifically known as Phoneutria, is a venomous arachnid found in South and Central America. It’s notorious for its potent venom and is considered one of the most venomous spiders in the world.

Is the Brazilian Wandering Spider dangerous to humans?

Yes, the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s venom contains potent neurotoxins that can cause a range of symptoms in humans , from localized pain and swelling to more severe reactions. While bites are relatively rare, it’s advisable to exercise caution when encountering these spiders.

What is the spider’s habitat?

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is native to tropical rainforests of South and Central America. However, it’s adaptable and can also be found in urban areas, such as gardens and houses.

How does the Brazilian Wandering Spider hunt?

Unlike many spiders that build webs, Phoneutria is an active hunter. It roams its environment in search of prey, relying on its keen senses to detect vibrations and movements.

Are Brazilian Wandering Spiders aggressive toward humans?

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are not naturally aggressive towards humans and will typically only bite in self-defense. However, caution is advised, especially in areas where these spiders are known to inhabit.

Can the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s venom be used for medical purposes?

Yes, research is ongoing into the potential medical applications of Phoneutria’s venom. Its neurotoxic properties have sparked interest in pain management and neurological treatments.

Is the spider’s reputation for crawling into banana shipments true?

While there have been stories of Brazilian Wandering Spiders being found in shipments of bananas, these occurrences are extremely rare. Spiders are unlikely to survive the conditions of shipping and storage.

How can I stay safe around Brazilian Wandering Spiders?

To stay safe, it’s important to be cautious when encountering spiders in their natural habitat. Avoid provoking or handling them, especially if you’re unsure of their identity. If you suspect you’ve been bitten, seek medical attention promptly.

Are there any efforts to conserve the Brazilian Wandering Spider?

Conservation efforts for the Brazilian Wandering Spider are intertwined with public education and dispelling myths. Recognizing its role in ecosystems and promoting coexistence are essential steps in preserving this unique species.

What can I do if I find a Brazilian Wandering Spider in my home?

If you encounter a Brazilian Wandering Spider in your home, it’s advisable to contact local pest control professionals who can safely remove the spider without causing harm.

In the intricate tapestry of nature, the Brazilian Wandering Spider , Phoneutria, emerges as a creature of both fascination and caution.

Its venomous nature and captivating behaviors have earned it a place among the most enigmatic arachnids .

As we continue to explore its world, debunk myths, and understand its vital role in ecosystems, we find a delicate balance between awe and respect.

Armed with knowledge, we navigate the realm of Phoneutria, appreciating its complexity while fostering coexistence, a testament to the intricate dance between humans and the natural world.

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Facts About Animals

Brazilian Wandering Spider Facts

Brazilian wandering spider profile.

There are more than 50,000 species of spider, and the vast majority are less dangerous than a honeybee. Almost none are aggressive, and of those with medically significant venom, only a small percentage are capable of causing death. So, on the whole, arachnophobes are just being a bit silly.

But there’s one spider that vindicates all of these fears, and few animals are as globally renowned to be a serious threat to human lives as the Brazilian Wandering Spider .

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are actually 9 species of spider in the same genus ‘Phoneutria’, one of which is found in Central America, with the rest in South America.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Facts Overview

These spiders are called wandering spiders because of instead of spinning a web to wait for food, or occupying a lair, they spend their night wandering in the leaf litter of the jungle floor for prey.

The sensitive hairs on its body help detect vibrations of passing prey, and it will feed on insects, lizards, frogs and any animals as large as itself.

During the day they will hide under logs, rocks, or inside termite mounds and banana plants. They will also sometimes wander into urban areas and homes, where they can come into contact with humans.

Brazilian wandering spiders are aggressive , dangerous and frightening. For once, this is an animal you should be wary of.

The females are larger, around 50% heavier than males, and produce more venom, and this might be a clue as to why their Greek name translates to “ Mudress” . These spiders will often stand and fight and have an intimidating threat display.

The potency of their venom is one of the reasons they’re so dangerous, and their ability to hide away in fruit and shoes explains why most bites are on extremities.

Interesting Brazilian Wandering Spider Facts

1. armed spiders.

In Brazilian, these are sometimes known as armed spiders, on account of their elongated front legs.

They can convey quite a bit of information with these legs, and as wandering spiders, use them to get about the forest, looking for food.

2. Banana Spiders

They’re also sometimes called ‘banana spiders’ on account of their status as a stowaway on popular fruit imported from the tropics.

This is becoming less common as stricter regulations ensure there’s less contamination of fruits, but there’s always a chance your next bunch of bananas will have a family of these spiders living inside it.

3. They have the largest venom glands of any spider

Females produce more venom than males, but both sexes have enormous venom glands. These glands are even more impressive when you consider the size of the spider is significantly less than the largest around.

The venom glands of the Brazilian Wandering Spider are over a centimetre long, and this is all housed inside the bright red chelicerae (mouth parts) which they are quick to display whenever they get upset. 1

4. They’re aggressive

These spiders can grow quite large and have long, brightly-coloured legs. Unlike most spiders, they’re known to stand their ground when threatened and are far quicker to bite than many other species.

They’ll still try to scurry away where possible, and they’re not out to get anybody.

But where most other species will flee, the wandering spiders’ aggression does make it more likely to be involved in incidents.

Most bites are on fingers and toes, a sign that they’re being stepped on or grabbed inadvertently. When the spider feels cornered, it’ll rear up on its back legs and waves its colourful arms around as a warning.

Then it’ll sway side to side, beckoning you to have a go. Anything foolhardy enough to call this bluff gets a wealth of envenomation effects. 2 3

5. They give some men erections

There are ways to accomplish this with fewer side effects, but a bit from a Brazilian wandering spider does come with a certain Viagral quality.

This isn’t as fun as it might sound. Prolonged erections in this manner are likely to harm and destroy muscles and blood vessels in the penis and could cause irreparable damage.

Besides this, the assault on the central nervous system that comes with envenomation by this spider doesn’t sound worth it. 4

6. And some people die

This assault brings with it a whole host of unpleasant symptoms. Seizures, foaming at the mouth, inability to speak, collapse, and a host of other miserable experiences.

Paralysis is possible, as is cardiac shock. Blood vessels can burst in the brain, or anywhere else, and in many cases, this can be enough to kill a person.

This spider has one of the most potent venoms of all, and there are multiple legitimate records of death as a result of bites.

7. But they’re rarely fatal

While the Brazilian wandering spider is potentially one of the most dangerous spiders in the world, there is some evidence to suggest it gives a dry bite, defensively.

This means that despite exceptionally toxic venom, the amount actually injected is less than some of the other contenders, and this is what makes it typically less lethal than the Australian funnel webs.

These spiders are classified as Dangerous Wild Animals and would therefore require a special permit to keep. Bites from wandering spiders are common in South America, but antivenom is often readily available, and they rarely result in death.

In most cases, lethal bites are cases of a very young or very old victim, and few people of healthy age are killed. 5

8. They do invade the UK sometimes

These unquestionably scary spiders show up in supermarkets in the UK on occasion, having hitched a ride on banana shipments.

On more than one occasion they’ve made their way into shoppers’ homes, but it doesn’t appear that there are any cases of them biting people as a result.

These spiders aren’t suited for temperate climates and don’t survive Winter, so there’s no risk of them multiplying.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Fact-File Summary

Scientific classification, fact sources & references.

• PeerJ. (2017), “ Dimensions of venom gland of largest venom glands in all spiders ”, Bio Numbers.
• Dave Clarke (2010), “ Venomous spider found in Waitrose shopping ‘beautiful but aggressive’” , The Guardian.
• “ Phoneutria Perty (Arachnida: Araneae: Ctenidae) ”, UF-IFAS University of Florida
• Kátia R.M. Leite (2012), “ Phoneutria nigriventer spider toxin Tx2-6 causes priapism and death: A histopathological investigation in mice ”, Science Direct.
• “ Brazilian wandering spiders: Bites & other facts ”, Live Science.

Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria Nigriventer)

The Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer), also known as the armed spider or banana spider, is a deadly spider native to South America. This large, venomous arachnid is widely recognised as one of the most venomous spiders in the world. With a range of fascinating behaviours and unique adaptations, the Brazilian wandering spider has become a subject of interest for scientists and enthusiasts alike.

Physical Characteristics

Brazilian wandering spiders are known for their robust build, long legs, and powerful fangs. They are large spiders, with an average leg span of up to 6 inches (15 cm) and a body length that ranges from 1.7 to 2 inches (4.3 to 5 cm). Their size makes them particularly intimidating to encounter, as they are one of the largest spiders in their region.

The spider’s colouration varies depending on the species, but most Brazilian wandering spiders are brownish in colour with black or dark markings. This colouration enables them to blend into their natural habitat, making it easier for them to ambush their prey.

Anatomically, these spiders have a robust body, long and thick legs, and powerful fangs that can deliver venomous bites. Their eyes are arranged in two rows, with a total of eight eyes, which gives them a wide field of vision and the ability to detect motion from various angles. Their chelicerae (fang-bearing mouthparts) are large and powerful, capable of piercing the skin and delivering venom to their prey.

Brazilian wandering spiders are primarily found in the tropical rainforests of South America, especially in Brazil, and one species in North America. Their preferred habitat includes a variety of environments ranging from the forest floor to trees and shrubs. The dense vegetation of the rainforest provides them with ample hiding spots, making it easier for them to ambush their prey.

These spiders are highly adaptable and can survive in a range of environments. They have even been found in human settlements, particularly in rural areas where there is less disturbance. In such cases, they may seek refuge in homes, barns, or other structures, especially during periods of heavy rain or when searching for food.

Diet and Hunting Techniques

Brazilian wandering spiders are carnivorous predators that primarily feed on insects, other spiders, and small vertebrates such as lizards and frogs. They have a diverse diet and can consume a wide range of prey, depending on their size and availability.

Unlike many other spiders, Brazilian wandering spiders do not spin webs to catch their prey. Instead, they actively hunt for food, relying on their acute senses, speed, and agility to catch their prey. They use a combination of stealth and ambush tactics to get close to their prey, and then swiftly strike with a venomous bite, immobilising their victim.

The wandering behaviour of these spiders is what gives them their name. Instead of building a permanent web and waiting for prey to come to them, Brazilian wandering spiders actively search for food. This makes them highly mobile and increases their chances of encountering a wide variety of prey.

When threatened, Brazilian wandering spiders are known for their aggressive behaviour. They may raise their front legs and display their fangs in a defensive posture. This behaviour is a warning to potential predators that they are armed with venom and ready to strike if necessary.

Reproduction

The reproduction process in Brazilian wandering spiders begins with courtship rituals. Males initiate mating by approaching females and signalling their intentions through vibrations and leg movements. Once the female is receptive, the male deposits his sperm into the female’s reproductive organs.

After mating, the female lays a clutch of eggs and guards them until they hatch. The spiderlings then disperse to start their independent lives. As they grow, they moult several times, shedding their exoskeletons and developing into mature spiders.

The Brazilian wandering spider venom is highly potent and contains a mix of toxins, including neurotoxins, proteins, and enzymes. This venom is highly effective at immobilising their prey, making it easier for the spider to consume it.

In humans, the venom can cause a range of symptoms, including intense pain, swelling, excessive sweating, blurred vision, and elevated heart rate. In rare cases, Brazilian wandering spider bite can lead to severe complications or even death. However, with prompt medical treatment, most victims recover without long-term effects.

Brazilian Wandering Spider and Humans

Brazilian wandering spiders are known to occasionally enter human settlements, especially in rural areas. While these encounters can be unnerving, the spiders generally prefer to avoid confrontation with humans.

If you encounter a Brazilian wandering spider, it is important to stay calm and avoid provoking it. If you are bitten, seek medical attention immediately, as prompt treatment is crucial for minimising the effects of the venom.

Conservation Efforts

Conservation efforts are essential for Brazilian wandering spiders, as their natural habitat is increasingly threatened by deforestation, agriculture, and urbanisation. Protecting the rainforests and other natural habitats of these spiders is crucial for their survival.

Interesting Facts

• The venom of the Brazilian wandering spider is being studied for potential medical applications, including pain relief and anti-venom development.
• Despite their reputation as highly venomous spiders, Brazilian wandering spiders play an important role in controlling insect populations in their ecosystems.
• These spiders are also known as “banana spiders” because they have been found in shipments of bananas.

The Brazilian wandering spider (Phoneutria nigriventer) is a remarkable arachnid with unique adaptations and behaviours. Despite their fearsome reputation, these spiders are an essential part of their ecosystems and play a vital role in controlling pest populations. Understanding and respecting these spiders is crucial for their conservation and coexistence with humans.

Sam loves to learn about animals and their habitats. He has been a nature lover from a very young age, and has been writing papers and articles about wildlife for as long as he can remember.

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Phoneutria nigriventer

The Phoneutria nigriventer is a spider from South America. Many people call it the “ Brazilian wandering spider”, but it’s not the only one with that name. This spider is pretty interesting, and we’re going to share some cool facts about it right here!

Scientific Classification

• Family: Ctenidae
• Genus: Phoneutria

Physical Description and Identification

• Size: The average size of an adult Phoneutria nigriventer is around 5 cm.
• Color: They have a brown body.
• Other Characteristic Features: If these spiders feel threatened, they will raise their first two pairs of limbs as a warning.

After mating, around 100 eggs are laid inside a sac made of webbing.

Spiderlings

Once the juveniles are old enough to leave the sac, they become capable of hunting prey by themselves. They will frequently molt until they reach adulthood.

As wandering spiders , they do not construct webs to catch prey.

Are Phoneutria nigriventer Spiders Venomous?

Yes, Phoneutria nigriventer spiders have venom. It’s one of the strongest spider venoms, but they usually don’t bother people unless scared.

Can Phoneutria nigriventer Spiders Bite?

They can bite if they feel threatened. If they do, it might sting or hurt a bit, but most bites aren’t too bad for people. However, their bite could cause long-lasting erections, pulmonary issues, and convulsions.

Ecological Importance and Behavior of Phoneutria nigriventer

Phoneutria nigriventer is crucial in maintaining the ecological balance within its habitat. As a predator, it helps control populations of various insect and small animal species, ensuring a healthy and functioning ecosystem. Its wandering nature allows it to cover significant ground in search of prey, showcasing a behavior that is both fascinating and vital for its survival.

Natural Predators: In the wild, Phoneutria nigriventer is not without adversaries. Birds and larger arthropods serve as natural predators, creating a complex web of interactions that underscore the spider’s agility and resilience.

Prey-Predator Dynamics: This complicated dance between predator and prey is a testament to the delicate balance of nature and the spider’s role within it.

Relationship with Humans: While the venom of Phoneutria nigriventer can pose risks to humans, instances of bites are relatively rare, and fatalities even rarer. The spider’s presence, particularly in agricultural settings, can be beneficial, as it aids in controlling pest populations. Education and awareness are key in fostering a harmonious relationship between humans and these spiders, promoting coexistence and an appreciation for their role in the natural world.

Quick Facts

Did you know.

• Baltic German arachnologist Eugen von Keyserling first described this species in 1891.
• From 1942 to 1945, there were 415 recorded bites, out of which 400 required anti-venom. More recently, a 23-year-old worker in Sao Paulo was bitten while handling bananas, as well as a 52-year-old around a year later. Both recovered after treatment.

In summary, Phoneutria nigriventer, with its potent venom, intriguing behavior, and ecological significance, stands as a captivating subject in arachnology. Its role as a predator, combined with its unique adaptations for survival, highlights the importance of understanding and conserving such species.

Other Spiders in this Family

Wandering spiders.

Phoneutria depilata

Phoneutria boliviensis

Phoneutria fera

Southeastern Wandering (Anahita punctulata)

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Brazilian Wandering Spider Bite: Is It Poisonous? What You Need to Know

The Brazilian wandering spider, known scientifically as Phoneutria, is a genus of spiders native to South and Central America.

They have garnered attention for their venomous bite, which can cause various symptoms and has the potential to be fatal.

This article will delve into the nature of the Brazilian wandering spider’s bite and its potential effects on humans.

Brazilian wandering spiders are notorious for having one of the most venomous bites among spiders in the world.

The severity of a bite’s effects is dependent on the amount of venom injected, and in some instances, the bite might not be as harmful as anticipated.

However, it is essential to be aware of the possible symptoms and seek immediate medical attention if bitten.

Some symptoms of a Brazilian wandering spider bite may include pain at the bite site, difficulty breathing, blurred vision, and sweating.

In severe cases, the bite can also cause high blood pressure, vomiting, and even death.

Prompt treatment can help mitigate the potential harm caused by these venomous bites and prevent long-lasting health consequences.

Brazilian Wandering Spider: Overview

The Brazilian wandering spider , also known as banana spiders , can be found primarily in South America. They prefer:

• Tropical forests
• Subtropical areas
• Human settlements

Physical Characteristics

Brazilian wandering spiders have the following features:

• Size: Up to 2 inches (5 cm) in body length
• Leg span: Can reach up to 6 inches (15 cm)
• Hairy: Present on their legs and abdomen
• Color: Varies from brown to black, with some species showcasing red or orange patterns

Phoneutria nigriventer is one species within this group.

Source: Pavel Kirillov from St.Petersburg, Russia ,  CC BY-SA 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

These spiders demonstrate unique behavior:

• Nocturnal : They’re more active at night.
• Aggressive : They have a defensive posture when threatened, which includes lifting their front legs.
• Venomous : They possess a potent venom that can be dangerous to humans.

Table: Brazilian Wandering Spider vs. Common House Spider

The Venomous Bite

Venom composition.

The Brazilian wandering spider, also known as Phoneutria, contains a complex cocktail of toxins in their venom. Some of the critical components include:

• Neurotoxins
• Insecticidal peptides
• Pain-inducing substances

Envenomation and Its Effects

When a Brazilian wandering spider bites, it injects venom that can lead to various symptoms such as:

• Pain that radiates from the bite
• Muscle cramps
• Increased sweating

Although bites are rarely fatal, serious complications can arise when left untreated, potentially leading to death.

Comparison with Other Venomous Spiders

The Brazilian wandering spider is considered one of the deadliest spiders due to its potent venom.

However, antivenom is available for its bite, significantly reducing the risk of severe complications.

In comparison, other venomous spiders like the black widow , brown recluse , and Sydney funnel-web spider are also known for their potent venom but have varying severity of symptoms.

Source: Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE ,  CC BY-SA 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Symptoms and Treatment of Brazilian Wandering Spider Bites

Recognizing the bite.

Recognizing the bite of the Brazilian wandering spider is crucial for seeking proper medical attention.

The main signs of a Brazilian wandering spider bite are:

• Redness and swelling around the bite area
• Intense pain at the bite site

Immediate and Long-term Symptoms

After being bitten by a Brazilian wandering spider, you may experience immediate and long-term symptoms.

Some common immediate symptoms include:

• Excessive sweating
• High blood pressure
• Numbness, usually around the bite area

Brazilian wandering spider bite symptoms can escalate and result in more severe complications like envenomation.

Long-term symptoms can range from:

• Muscle pain or cramping
• Abdominal pain
• Respiratory distress

Prevention and Safety Tips

Avoiding bites.

Brazilian wandering spiders can easily be spotted due to their large body length and venomous bite.

To avoid bites from these spiders, follow these tips:

• Keep an eye out : Be cautious in areas where spiders are common.
• Protective clothing : Wear long-sleeved shirts, pants, gloves, and boots when in areas with spider activity.
• Stack materials properly : Minimize empty spaces between stacked materials to reduce hiding spots for spiders.

What to Do if Bitten

If you suspect a bite from a Brazilian wandering spider, take the following first aid steps:

• Clean the bite area with soap and water
• Apply a cold pack to the bite site to reduce swelling
• Antivenom is available for Brazilian wandering spider bites
• Proper treatment can minimize long-term effects and complications
• Delayed treatment may worsen symptoms and lead to severe complications

Unfortunately, antivenom may not be readily available in certain regions. It is important to contact the health authorities immediately, who can help coordinate procurement of the antivenom.

It’s important to note that immediate treatment is crucial as Brazilian wandering spiders are venomous and their bites can lead to life-threatening complications.

Source: Rodrigo Tetsuo Argenton ,  CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Frequency of Bites

While the Brazilian wandering spider is notorious for its venomous bite, actual incidents of bites on humans are relatively rare.

These spiders are nocturnal and tend to avoid populated areas during the day.

However, due to their wandering nature, they sometimes find themselves in human habitats, especially in rural or suburban areas close to their natural habitats.

Most bites occur when the spider feels threatened or cornered.

It’s worth noting that not every bite results in envenomation; sometimes, the spider delivers a “dry bite” without injecting venom.

Nevertheless, given the potential severity of a venomous bite, any encounter should be treated with caution.

Interesting Brazilian Wandering Spider Facts

Spider mating and reproduction.

The Brazilian wandering spider or armed spider , scientifically known as Phoneutria fera , is known for its unique mating and reproduction habits.

These arachnids, like other spiders, engage in an elaborate mating dance:

• Males approach females cautiously
• Present a gift (usually prey like crickets)
• Perform vibrations and touches

Once successful in their ambush , males deposit sperm in a female’s reproductive organ through their specialized pedipalps.

Female Brazilian wandering spiders create silk egg sacs to protect their offspring.

These egg sacs can contain up to 1,000 eggs, ensuring the survival of the species.

Unique Uses of Spider Venom

Brazilian wandering spider venom is one of the most potent in the world . The venom has an impact on the nervous system and can cause symptoms similar to a beesting.

However, researchers have found potential uses for this venom, specifically in treating erectile dysfunction.

A peptide in the spider’s venom called Tx2-6 can cause erections.

Studies have shown that this peptide could be a potential alternative to conventional erectile dysfunction treatments.

The Brazilian wandering spider, native to South and Central America, is renowned for its potent venom, making it one of the world’s most venomous spiders.

While their bite can lead to severe symptoms, including pain, blurred vision, and even death, timely medical intervention can mitigate these effects.

Despite their fearsome reputation, these spiders play a vital role in their ecosystem.

Their unique behaviors, from nocturnal habits to intricate mating dances, make them a fascinating subject of study.

As with any venomous creature, understanding and respecting their habitat is key to coexistence.

Reader Emails

Over the years, our website, whatsthatbug.com has received hundreds of letters and some interesting images asking us about Brazilian wandering spiders.

Scroll down to have a look at some of them.

Letter 1 – Wandering Spider from Costa Rica

We believe this is one of the potentially dangerous Wandering Spiders in the family Ctenidae based on this Photographers Direct image.

Letter 2 – Wandering Spider from Costa Rica

Hi Reisa, Back in February 2006, we received two letters with images of spiders from Costa Rica and Ecuador. At that time, we identified them as Wandering Spiders. Eric Eaton wrote: “either in the family Ctenidae or Sparassidae.

They tend to be more common, and even larger than, wolf spiders in the tropics. At least one species, Phoneutria fera, is extremely aggressive, with potentially deadly venom.

Do not mess with large spiders in Central and South America! The venomous types are very difficult to distinguish from harmless species, and in any event, a bite is going to be really painful.

These spiders sometimes stow away in bananas, houseplants, and other exported goods, so they can show up in odd places. Be careful where you put your hands.”

We found a site with an image of Phoneutria fera, and the coloration is different, but the body shape is very similar.

Bugman aka Daniel Marlos has been identifying bugs since 1999. whatsthatbug.com is his passion project and it has helped millions of readers identify the bug that has been bugging them for over two decades. You can reach out to him through our Contact Page .

View all posts

Piyushi is a nature lover, blogger and traveler at heart. She lives in beautiful Canada with her family. Piyushi is an animal lover and loves to write about all creatures.

1 thought on “Brazilian Wandering Spider Bite: Is It Poisonous? What You Need to Know”

This is Phoneutria boliviensis – the only Phoneutria that occurs in Central America. It seems that this species is considered to be the least dangerous of its genus. All the same, I would not care to be bitten by one.

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17 Surprising Facts About Brazilian Wandering Spider

Written by Regine Thomsen

Modified & Updated: 05 Mar 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, also known as the banana spider, is a fascinating and enigmatic creature that hails from the tropical forests of South America. With its vibrant colors, impressive size, and potent venom, this spider has earned a notorious reputation as one of the most dangerous arachnids in the world.

In this article, we will delve into the intriguing world of the Brazilian Wandering Spider and uncover 17 surprising facts about this captivating creature. From its unique hunting techniques to its bizarre reproductive behavior, these facts will shed light on the mysterious nature of this spider and challenge any preconceived notions you may have about them.

Whether you have a fear of spiders or simply have an interest in the wonders of the animal kingdom, prepare to be amazed and astounded as we explore the remarkable features and habits of the Brazilian Wandering Spider.

Key Takeaways:

• The Brazilian Wandering Spider is a venomous nocturnal hunter with unique mating rituals and a surprising nickname, “Banana Spider,” due to its occasional presence in banana shipments.
• Its potent neurotoxic venom can cause painful erections in humans and requires prompt medical attention, but antivenom is available for treatment in areas where the spider is prevalent.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is one of the most venomous spiders in the world.

With its potent neurotoxic venom, the Brazilian Wandering Spider poses a significant threat to humans and animals alike.

It is found in various parts of South America, including Brazil, Venezuela, and Suriname.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is native to the rainforests of South America and has adapted to diverse habitats within the region.

Male Brazilian Wandering Spiders have unique leg flaps.

Unlike other spiders, male Brazilian Wandering Spiders have specialized leg flaps that they use to attract females during courtship rituals.

Female Brazilian Wandering Spiders are larger than males.

The females of this species can grow up to 5 inches in leg span, while males are usually smaller, measuring around 3 inches.

They are known for their distinctive hunting behavior.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider does not build a traditional web to catch prey. Instead, it actively hunts for insects, small rodents, and even lizards.

The venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider can cause painful erections in humans.

A bite from this spider can lead to a condition called priapism, which is characterized by prolonged and painful erections in men.

This spider is also known as the Banana Spider.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider earned its nickname “Banana Spider” due to its occasional presence in banana shipments, causing concerns for importers and consumers.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider has a defensive display known as “threat posture”.

When threatened, this spider raises its front legs, exposing its fangs and warning potential predators of its venomous capabilities.

They possess a potent venom that affects the nervous system.

The neurotoxic venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider causes symptoms such as severe pain, muscle spasms, respiratory distress, and in rare cases, even death.

Antivenom exists for the treatment of Brazilian Wandering Spider bites.

In areas where the spider is prevalent, antivenom is available to counteract the effects of its potent venom. Prompt medical attention is crucial in these cases.

Brazilian Wandering Spiders have excellent eyesight.

With their eight eyes, these spiders have keen vision and can detect movement from a considerable distance.

They are nocturnal creatures.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is primarily active during the night, using its superior vision and hunting skills to locate prey.

These spiders can deliver multiple bites in a single attack.

When threatened, the Brazilian Wandering Spider may repeatedly bite its target, increasing the dosage of venom injected into the victim.

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are known to be highly aggressive.

When disturbed or cornered, these spiders are quick to display defensive behavior and may attack without hesitation.

They have bristly hairs on their bodies, known as urticating hairs.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider possesses specialized hairs on its abdomen that can cause irritation and discomfort when they come into contact with the skin.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is a member of the Ctenidae family.

Belonging to the Ctenidae family, which includes other wandering spiders, the Brazilian Wandering Spider is notable for its unique characteristics.

Female Brazilian Wandering Spiders protect their egg sacs diligently.

After laying their eggs, female Brazilian Wandering Spiders guard their egg sacs fiercely to ensure the survival of their offspring.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is undoubtedly one of the most fascinating creatures in the animal kingdom. Their unique characteristics and behaviors make them a subject of both awe and fear. From their lethal venom to their uncanny ability to wander into unexpected places, these spiders have managed to capture the attention of researchers and enthusiasts alike.

Understanding the 17 surprising facts about the Brazilian Wandering Spider gives us a glimpse into their world and highlights their significance in the ecosystem. From their impressive hunting techniques to their role as both predator and prey, these spiders play a vital role in maintaining the balance of nature.

While encountering a Brazilian Wandering Spider in the wild might be a rarity for many, it’s important to respect these creatures and appreciate their beauty from a safe distance. By learning more about them, we can cultivate a greater understanding and appreciation for the diverse and awe-inspiring world of animals.

Q: Are Brazilian Wandering Spiders really dangerous?

A: Yes, they are. Brazilian Wandering Spiders are considered one of the most venomous spiders in the world. Their bite can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Q: Where are Brazilian Wandering Spiders found?

A: These spiders are native to various regions in South America , including Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.

Q: How big do Brazilian Wandering Spiders get?

A: Adult Brazilian Wandering Spiders can have a leg span of up to 6 inches, making them one of the largest spiders in the world.

Q: What do Brazilian Wandering Spiders eat?

A: They primarily feed on insects, but they have also been known to eat small reptiles and amphibians.

Q: Are Brazilian Wandering Spiders aggressive?

A: Brazilian Wandering Spiders can exhibit aggressive behavior if they feel threatened. It’s important to exercise caution and avoid provoking them.

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The Brazilian Wandering Spider

The Brazilian Wandering Spider, also known as the armed spider or banana spider, is a venomous arachnid found in Central and South America. It is considered one of the most dangerous spiders in the world. The spider is medium to large in size, with a leg span of up to 6 inches. It has a hairy body, long and slender legs, and displays a variety of colors and patterns, including a distinctive red or orange mark on its abdomen. Unlike most spiders, it does not build a web; instead, it wanders the forest floor or hides in crevices during the day, making it particularly dangerous to humans.

Brazilian Wandering Spider Matchups

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Brazilian wandering spider : diet, predators, aggression, and defensive behaviors, what do brazilian wandering spiders eat.

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are carnivorous predators, feeding primarily on insects like crickets, cockroaches, and beetles. They are also known to hunt small vertebrates such as lizards, frogs, and mice. These spiders may also catch other spiders or even small snakes as prey. Their venom helps to immobilize and digest their food.

Do Brazilian Wandering Spiders have any predators?

While Brazilian Wandering Spiders are apex predators in their ecosystems, they do have some predators. Birds like owls and hawks have been observed preying on these spiders. Additionally, snakes and certain types of wasps are known to feed on these spiders. However, due to their venomous bite and agile movements, Brazilian Wandering Spiders are not an easy meal for most predators.

Are Brazilian Wandering Spiders aggressive?

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are known to be highly aggressive when threatened or provoked. They will not hesitate to bite if they feel cornered or in danger. However, they will typically give warning signs such as rearing up on their hind legs and exposing their fangs before attacking. It is important to exercise caution and avoid provoking these spiders in their natural habitat.

Do Brazilian Wandering Spiders fight with other species?

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are solitary creatures and will generally avoid confrontation with other spiders or animals, unless it is for hunting or self-defense. They are more likely to engage in combat with prey or potential threats than with members of their own species. However, if two male Brazilian Wandering Spiders encounter each other during mating season, they may engage in a territorial dispute.

How do Brazilian Wandering Spiders defend themselves?

When faced with a threat, Brazilian Wandering Spiders have several defense mechanisms at their disposal. They may exhibit aggressive behavior, raising their front legs and exposing their fangs as a warning. If this does not deter the threat, they are capable of delivering a venomous bite that can cause severe pain and potentially be fatal to humans. Additionally, these spiders are agile and quick, enabling them to evade predators or escape dangerous situations.

What is the biggest weakness of Brazilian Wandering Spiders in a fight?

Despite their potent venom and aggressive nature, Brazilian Wandering Spiders have a vulnerability in their soft exoskeleton. Their bodies are not as robust as some other arachnid species, making them more susceptible to physical damage in a fight. Predators that can overpower them with sheer strength, like large birds or snakes, may pose a serious threat to these spiders. Additionally, injuries sustained in combat can hinder their ability to hunt and survive in their environment.

Fun Fact : This spider has been listed in the Guinness World Records as the world's most venomous spider, as its venom can cause severe pain, swelling, and even paralysis or death in humans if untreated.

Fun Fact : Male Brazilian Wandering Spiders often exhibit a unique and fascinating courtship ritual, which involves drumming or tapping their legs on the leaves to attract females, showcasing their agility and fitness in the process.

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The Brazilian Wandering Spider: A Venomous Arachnid That Could Kill You

If you’re an arachnophobe, look away now! The Brazilian wandering spider is one of the deadliest spiders in the world, with a venom that can cause paralysis and even death in humans.

In this article, we’ll explore everything you need to know about this venomous arachnid, from its physical characteristics and habitat to its bite symptoms and treatment options. So, let’s get started!

The Brazilian wandering spider, also known as the banana spider, is a highly venomous arachnid that can be found in various countries across South and Central America. It’s considered one of the deadliest spiders in the world due to its potent venom and aggressive behaviour, which can lead to fatal consequences if left untreated.

As humans continue to encroach on the spider’s natural habitat, it’s becoming more common to encounter these venomous creatures in urban areas.

That’s why it’s important to know what to look out for and how to avoid an encounter with a Brazilian wandering spider.

Table of Contents

Physical Characteristics

This spider can grow up to 6 inches in leg span and has a distinct appearance that makes it easy to identify.

Its body is covered in brown or black hairs, and it has long, thin legs that are often banded with lighter and darker stripes.

Males have larger pedipalps (the “boxing gloves” at the front of the body) than females, which they use to transfer sperm during mating.

Habitat and Distribution

Brazilian wandering spiders can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and even human dwellings. They are most commonly found in Central and South America, including Brazil, Costa Rica, and Peru.

These spiders are often referred to as “wandering” spiders because they do not build webs like other spider species. Instead, they roam the forest floor or hide in dark crevices during the day, making them difficult to spot.

Venom and Toxicity

The venom of these arachnids contains a neurotoxin that attacks the nervous system, causing paralysis and eventually death if left untreated.

The venom is especially dangerous to young children and the elderly, as well as those with pre-existing health conditions.

Interestingly, their venom has also been studied for potential use in medicine.

It contains a molecule that can help to treat erectile dysfunction, and is being researched as a potential treatment for other conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy.

Symptoms of a Bite

In a period from 1925 to 1945 there were recorded 415 bites by this species, 400 of which required antivenom .

If you’re unlucky enough to be bitten by one of these, you’ll likely experience symptoms within a few hours. These can include:

• Intense pain and swelling around the bite area
• Nausea and vomiting
• Elevated heart rate and blood pressure
• Muscle cramps and spasms
• Difficulty breathing

Symptoms can vary in severity depending on the amount of venom injected, as well as the age and health of the person bitten. In some cases, the bite can be fatal.

Treatment Options

If you suspect that you’ve been bitten by a Brazilian wandering spider, it’s important to seek medical attention immediately.

The first step is to clean the wound with soap and water and apply a cold compress to reduce swelling. You should then try to keep the affected limb immobilized and elevated.

In severe cases, antivenom may be necessary to counteract the effects of the spider’s venom.

This is typically administered in a hospital setting, where the patient can be closely monitored for any adverse reactions.

Why Banana Spider?

These spiders acquired their other common name, “banana spider”, because it is claimed that they are occasionally found in shipments of bananas, though the number of reports is exaggerated due to common misidentifications of unrelated spiders.

A survey of spiders found in international shipments to North America revealed that only 7 of 135 spiders were  Phoneutria  species, six being  Phoneutria boliviensis  from bananas and one  Phoneutria nigriventer  from a shipment of electrical parts.

Interesting Facts

This arachnid is named for its habit of wandering the forest floor in search of prey, rather than building webs like other spiders.

Male spiders of this species will perform a “dance” to attract females, waving their pedipalps and vibrating their bodies to create a rhythmic sound.

In some parts of South America, the spider is considered a delicacy and is even used as an ingredient in traditional medicine.

By understanding its physical characteristics, habitat, and venom, we can better protect ourselves from encountering this arachnid in the wild.

If you do happen to be bitten, remember to seek medical attention immediately to prevent potentially fatal consequences.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is not the only deadly spider in the world, check out our article on the Funnel-Web Spider for some more interesting spider goodness!

Is the Brazilian wandering spider the most venomous spider in the world?

Yes, this spider is considered one of the most venomous spiders in the world.

How do I avoid encountering a Brazilian wandering spider?

The best way to avoid encountering a Brazilian wandering spider is to stay away from its natural habitat, which includes forests and grasslands. Be sure to shake out any clothing or shoes before putting them on, and keep your home clean and free of clutter.

Can you die from a Brazilian wandering spider bite?

Yes, in severe cases, a Brazilian wandering spider bite can be fatal.

Are there any natural remedies for a Brazilian wandering spider bite?

No, there are no known natural remedies for a Brazilian wandering spider bite. Seek medical attention immediately.

What should I do if I see a Brazilian wandering spider in my home?

If you see a Brazilian wandering spider in your home, do not attempt to handle it. Call a professional exterminator to safely remove the spider.

How can the venom of the Brazilian wandering spider be used in medicine?

The venom of the Brazilian wandering spider contains a molecule that can help to treat erectile dysfunction, and is being researched as a potential treatment for other conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy.

Are Brazilian wandering spiders found only in Brazil?

No, while the Brazilian wandering spider is primarily found in Brazil, it can also be found in other countries in South America.

How can I identify a Brazilian wandering spider?

The Brazilian wandering spider is typically brown or black in color, with long, hairy legs and a body that can be up to 2 inches in length. It has a distinctive red marking on its underside, which is often used as a warning signal to potential predators.

Can I keep a Brazilian wandering spider as a pet?

No, it is illegal to keep a Brazilian wandering spider as a pet in many countries, including the United States. Additionally, the spider’s venom makes it a dangerous animal to keep in captivity.

What should I do if I encounter a Brazilian wandering spider in the wild?

If you encounter a Brazilian wandering spider in the wild, the best course of action is to stay away from it and not disturb it. If you do get bitten, seek medical attention immediately. Remember to never attempt to handle or capture a venomous spider like the Brazilian wandering spider, as it can be extremely dangerous.

However, not all spiders are created equal. Some of them are quite docile and even friendly (ish)! We have a great article on jumping spiders HERE for example.

Until next time, stay spidery!

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The World’s Most Venomous Spider: The Brazilian Wandering Spider

Published: August 10, 2023

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Few things fear people’s hearts, like the mention of venomous spiders. According to the Guinness World Records , venomous spiders are some of the most dangerous creatures on Earth, and the Brazilian Wandering Spider is the world’s most venomous spider. This elusive arachnid is found in the rainforests of South America, more specifically in Brazil, Argentina, and French Guiana. ‘

It is considered one of Brazil’s most significant public health threats, with a potent venom capable of causing extreme pain, paralysis, and even death. Despite its fearsome reputation, however, the Brazilian Wandering Spider is a fascinating and unique creature with many incredible features that make it stand out from other spiders.

Jump ahead to any section below!

Brazilian Wandering Spider’s Habitat And Range

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is found in the rainforests of South America. These rainforests are the world’s largest and most biodiverse terrestrial ecosystems, covering an area of approximately 6.7 million square kilometers. This equates to roughly 40% of the total area of South America and spans nine countries, including Brazil, Peru, and Colombia.

The Amazon rainforest, the most extensive rainforest on Earth, plays an essential role in the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s habitat and range. The spider relies heavily on the dense canopy of trees in these rainforests for shelter and protection. The Amazon rainforest also provides the spider with an abundant prey source, including insects, small mammals, and other spiders.

The South American rainforests are characterized by their warm and humid climate, which creates the ideal conditions for the Brazilian Wandering Spider to thrive. These ecosystems also have a high rainfall throughout the year, which sustains the dense vegetation and creates an ideal environment for spiders to hunt and reproduce.

Check out: Uncovering The Enigma Of The Greenland Shark .

Specific Locations The Brazilian Wandering Spider Is found

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is most commonly found in Brazil. It can also be found in other parts of South America, such as Argentina and French Guiana. In Brazil, the spider can be found in various regions. This includes the Amazon rainforest, the Atlantic forest, and the Caatinga ecosystem.

The Atlantic forest, a tropical forest that spans the Brazilian coast, is also an important habitat for the Brazilian Wandering Spider. This ecosystem is under threat due to deforestation and urbanization. This has resulted in the loss of the spider’s natural habitat.

In French Guiana, the spider is present in the Guiana Amazonian Park, a protected area of the Amazon rainforest managed by the French government. The Guiana Amazonian Park is home to an array of biodiversity, including monkeys, jaguars, and over 400 species of birds. This makes it an important region for the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s survival.

Brazilian Wandering Spider’s Characteristics

It is a remarkable arachnid species found in the rainforests of South America. It has numerous unique characteristics from other spiders. The Spider is large and intimidating, measuring up to 10 inches (25 cm) in leg span. Its body size ranges from 0.98 to 1.77 inches (2.5 to 4.5 cm) in length. This makes it one of the biggest spider species in the world. It has eight long and hairy legs, which help it move quickly and climb trees effortlessly.

The spider is striking, with a shiny brown or black body covered in short fine hairs. Its legs are also covered in fine hairs with dark stripes or spots. These markings have a unique pattern that helps to identify the spider from other species. Unlike most spiders, the Brazilian Wandering Spider doesn’t have a distinct web-spinning organ. But instead moves around the forest floor and trees in search of its prey.

Behavioral Patterns

They are aptly named because they are known to wander about and can cover a great distance while searching for food and mates. It’s primarily active at night and is a solitary hunter that preys on insects, spiders, rodents, and even small snakes. It has a unique hunting technique where it grabs its prey with its front legs and sinks fangs into it, injecting a potent venom that can quickly immobilize and kill its victim. Interestingly, this spider can adjust the amount of venom it injects to fit the size and the species of its prey, a skill unique to this spider species.

During the mating season, the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s behavior changes drastically. The males will approach females cautiously, tapping on the female’s web to signal their interest. They then perform a complex courtship display that involves waving their front legs, drumming their pedipalps, and vibrating on webs. The more intricate the display, the higher the chances of mating with the female.

Brazilian Wandering Spider’s Venom

The venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider is considered one of the deadliest in the world. The potency of the venom is due to the presence of a potent neurotoxin called PhTx3. This toxin is responsible for the spider’s ability to paralyze its prey and defend itself from predators.

In scientific studies, the venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider has proven to be significantly more toxic than other venomous spiders, such as the Black Widow and the Brown Recluse. The effectiveness of this venom is a result of its unique chemical structure, which allows it to attack the nervous system of its victim and cause significant damage.

Check out: Bengal Tiger Vs. Western Diamondback Rattlesnake .

Effects Of Venom On Humans And Animals

The effects of the venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider can be devastating. When bitten, victims may experience severe pain, muscle spasms, and even paralysis. In extreme cases, the venom can cause respiratory failure, resulting in death.

While the venom initially causes pain and discomfort, it can lead to severe, long-lasting symptoms. In addition to causing physical harm, the venom can also have psychological effects, leading to anxiety, panic attacks, and even PTSD.

Animals are also susceptible to the venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider . Small animals, such as mice and birds, are often preyed upon by the spider, while larger animals, such as dogs and cats, can be bitten accidentally.

Public Health Threat And Prevention

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is a significant public health threat in Brazil, with hundreds of bites reported yearly. The spider has a wide distribution throughout the country, and its venom is particularly toxic, making it a serious risk to human health.

Also, the spider is especially dangerous because it is highly aggressive and can be found in homes, gardens, and public spaces. This means that anyone can encounter the spider, regardless of location or occupation, making it difficult to prevent bites.

Measures Taken To Prevent Bites And Treat Victims

To prevent bites from the Brazilian Wandering Spider, it is essential to take steps to reduce the risk of encountering the spider. This may include keeping homes and gardens free of clutter and debris, sealing windows and doors, and avoiding areas where the spider is known to live.

In the case of a bite, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. While no anti-venom is available, medical professionals can offer supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Frequently Asked Questions

The Brazilian Wandering Spider’s venom contains a potent neurotoxin called PhTx3, which can cause extreme pain, muscle spasms, and paralysis in humans. This venom is 20 times more deadly than a rattlesnake’s and can cause respiratory failure in victims.

It is primarily found in South and Central America, especially in the Amazon rainforest. They hide in dark, moist environments such as piles of leaves, tree trunks, and burrows.

To avoid contact with the Brazilian Wandering Spider, it is important to inspect your surroundings, especially before putting on shoes or reaching into piles of debris. It is advisable to wear gloves and long sleeves when working outdoors or in areas where these spiders may be present. If you suspect a Brazilian Wandering Spider has bitten you, seek medical attention immediately.

Overall, the Brazilian Wandering Spider is a fascinating and deadly spider that deserves respect and caution. Though its venom is incredibly potent, the spider itself is a remarkable creature. Its ability to move quickly and seamlessly across the ground makes it a formidable predator in its native habitats. 

Despite its fearsome reputation, we must learn to coexist with this remarkable arachnid, preserving its unique place in the natural world. Given the immense diversity and beauty of our planet’s biodiversity, the Brazilian Wandering Spider reminds us that we still have much to learn about the remarkable creatures that share our planet.

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Brazilian Wandering Spider size: how big do they get?

As an avid arachnid enthusiast, my fascination with these eight-legged creatures knows no bounds. There’s something utterly captivating about their intricate web-weaving capabilities, their exceptional survival strategies, and of course, their range of sizes and appearances. But amongst this vast collection of species, one has particularly piqued my interest – the Brazilian Wandering Spider.

Arguably one of the most notorious names in the world of arachnids, the Brazilian Wandering Spider, holds a firm position at the pinnacle of spider folklore. Their reputation extends far beyond their native tropical South American rainforests, captivating the minds of arachnologists and laymen alike around the globe.

What sets this spider apart in the arachnid world? It’s not just its venomous nature – it’s also its astonishing size. The dimensions of the Brazilian Wandering Spider are a spectacle in themselves.

How big are Brazilian Wandering Spiders?

Picture this: a spider so large that it could comfortably cover an average dinner plate. That’s right – the Brazilian Wandering Spider can grow to an impressive leg span of up to 7 inches , or approximately 18 cm, with females tending to be larger than the males.

To put this into perspective, that’s around half the size of an average adult human’s face! The body length of these spiders can reach up to 2 inches, or around 5 cm. This considerable size, coupled with their highly potent venom, makes them a formidable presence in their habitats.

But as an arachnid hobbyist, the allure of the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s size lies not in its potential threat, but in the fascinating evolutionary adaptations that have allowed it to grow to such an impressive scale.

The advantage of large size for a cursorial hunter

From an evolutionary standpoint, the Brazilian Wandering Spider’s significant size offers multiple advantages. For starters, their considerable size allows them to subdue and consume a larger variety of prey, including insects, other spiders, and sometimes even small amphibians and reptiles. This dietary diversity is a testament to their adaptability and survival prowess.

However, the size of these spiders is not solely an indicator of their hunting prowess. It also reveals a fascinating aspect of their biology. The Brazilian Wandering Spider, unlike some smaller spider species, does not weave a web to capture its prey. Instead, as their name suggests, they wander in search of food, relying on their size and strength to overpower their prey. This is called cursorial hunting .

Their size also plays a crucial role in their mating rituals. Male Brazilian Wandering Spiders, despite being smaller than their female counterparts, engage in a daring dance of danger during mating. They utilize their size and strength to lift the larger female’s body to prevent her from eating him – a gruesome but prevalent behavior known as sexual cannibalism in the arachnid world.

Size relates to the biology of the Wandering Spider

The Brazilian Wandering Spider’s size, therefore, is much more than just an intimidating factor. It’s a key to understanding their hunting methods, their mating rituals, and their overall survival strategy. Each inch adds to the mystique of these extraordinary creatures and deepens our understanding of the diverse world of arachnids.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is undeniably a creature of fascination. From its substantial size to its potent venom, it’s a spider that demands respect. Whether you’re an arachnid hobbyist like me, or just someone intrigued by the wonders of the natural world, the Brazilian Wandering Spider offers a fascinating insight into the awe-inspiring world of arachnids.

Final thoughts…

In conclusion, the world of spiders is as vast and varied as the creatures themselves. The Brazilian Wandering Spider, with its impressive size, offers a fascinating window into this world. It’s a testament to the incredible diversity of life on Earth and a reminder of the intricate balance that governs our ecosystems.

My fascination with spiders continues to grow, much like the impressive size of the Brazilian Wandering Spider. And while their size may be a source of fear for some, for me, it only fuels my passion and curiosity about these fascinating creatures. After all, understanding is the first step to appreciation, and these giant spiders deserve nothing less.

Whether you’re a fellow arachnid enthusiast or just passing by, I hope this deep-dive into the size of the Brazilian Wandering Spider has sparked your curiosity. So the next time you hear about this giant spider, remember, there’s more to its size than meets the eye!

If you’d like to learn more about these spiders, check out my article on Brazilian Wandering Spider facts .

FAQ related to Brazilian Wandering Spider Size

How bad is a brazilian wandering spider bite.

A Brazilian Wandering Spider bite is considered a medical emergency. If you have a suspected or confirmed bite, your first move should be to contact the emergency services. Upon reaching you, they will determine whether to administer antivenom, and how to proceed with treatment. Fortunately, deaths are very rare, and the antivenom is widely available in South America.

Is a banana spider the same as a Brazilian wandering spider?

The common name of “Banana Spider” is used for a few species, not just the Brazilian Wandering Spider. For example, the Golden Silk Orb Weaver is often referred to as a banana spider, despite being completely unrelated. If you wish to find out if a spider is venomous, always rely on its scientific, or binomial name, rather than common names.

Where do Brazilian wandering spiders hide?

Brazilian Wandering Spiders are nocturnal hunters, and generally prefer to shy away from daylight. This means they often hide in the shadiest places they can find, either indoors or outdoors. For example, under a log or in leaf litter would be a perfect place outdoors. Indoors, they will try to hid behind or under furniture, or in dark corners.

What is the world’s biggest Brazilian wandering spider?

There are around 40 species of Wandering Spider, but the largest, and most infamous are those that we call the Brazilian Wandering Spider. This name is in fact commonly ascribed to two species: Phoneutria nigriventer and Phoneutria fera. Both of these spiders can reach at least 6 inches (15cm) in legspan.

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Brazilian wandering spider facts for kids

Phoneutria is a genus of spiders in the family Ctenidae. They are mainly found in northern South America, with one species in Central America. Members of the genus are commonly referred to as Brazilian wandering spiders . Other English names include armed spiders ( armadeiras in Brazilian Portuguese ) and banana spiders (a name shared with several others).

Description

Banana shipments, medical significance, related pages.

Phoneutria spiders can have a leg span of 13 to 18 cm (5 to 7 in). Their body length ranges from 17 to 48 mm ( 43 ⁄ 64 to 1 + 57 ⁄ 64  in).

The genus is distinguished from other related genera by the presence of a dense brush of fine hairs on the legs. Also, a dark linear stripe or stripes on the frontal (dorsal) palps and a single thin black line running along the back may help identify Phoneutria . Other features are the strong ventral marking on the underside of the legs with contrasting dark mid-segments and lighter joints, and the pattern on the underside of the abdomen with several rows of black dots, or an overall reddish colour.

Another indicator is a characteristic defensive posture with frontal legs held high. During the defensive display the body is lifted up into an erect position, the first two pairs of legs are lifted high (revealing the conspicuous black/light-banded pattern on the leg underside), while the spider sways from side to side with hind legs in a cocked position.

The genus Phoneutria was started by Maximilian Perty in 1833. The genus name is from the Greek φονεύτρια, meaning "murderess".

As of March 2021 [update] , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:

• Phoneutria bahiensis Simó & Brescovit, 2001 – Brazil
• Phoneutria boliviensis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) – Central, South America
• Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) – Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
• Phoneutria eickstedtae Martins & Bertani, 2007 – Brazil
• Phoneutria fera Perty, 1833 ( type ) – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Suriname, Guyana
• Phoneutria keyserlingi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) – Brazil
• Phoneutria nigriventer (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina
• Phoneutria pertyi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) – Brazil
• Phoneutria reidyi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) – Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil, Guyana

Wandering spiders are so-called because they wander the jungle floor at night, rather than residing in a lair or maintaining a web. During the day they hide inside termite mounds, under fallen logs and rocks, in banana plants (hence the "banana spider" nickname), and bromeliads . P. nigriventer is known to hide in dark and moist places in or near human dwellings.

P. nigriventer mates during the dry season from April to June, and is frequently observed during this time.

Distribution

Phoneutria are found in forests from Costa Rica southwards throughout South America east of the Andes including Colombia , Venezuela , the Guianas , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Brazil , Paraguay , and into northern Argentina . Three species ( P. reidyi, P. boliviensis and P. fera ) are found in the Amazon region . One species ( P. fera ) is restricted to the Amazon, and one ( P. boliviensis ) ranges into Central America in Panama and Costa Rica . The remaining species are restricted to Atlantic Forest of Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil, including forest fragments in the Cerrado savanna. In Brazil, Phoneutria is only absent in the northeastern region north of Salvador, Bahia .

Phoneutria has been introduced to Chile and Uruguay .

These spiders acquired their other common name, "banana spider", because it is claimed that they are occasionally found in shipments of bananas . Cases continue to be reported but without evidence of expert identification. In 2005, a man was bitten in Bridgwater , England by a spider in a shipment of bananas and, in 2014, a south London family photographed a spider that they claim was in a bunch of bananas delivered to their home.

Phoneutria spiders present a threat to humans. Their venom is toxic to people and their bites are sometimes deadly. These spiders' wandering nature is another reason they are considered so dangerous. In densely populated areas, Phoneutria species usually hide in houses, clothes, cars, boots, boxes and log piles, where they may bite if accidentally disturbed.

Spider mouthparts are adapted to envenomate very small prey; they are not well-adapted to attacking large mammals such as humans. Nevertheless, there are a few well-attested instances of death. In one case, a single spider killed two children in São Sebastião. The spider was positively identified as a Phoneutria .

These spiders seem to produce a smaller amount of venom during cold months (June to September) a minimum amount of 0.03 mg, an average of 0.44 mg and a maximum of 1.84 mg, during the summer months. The male produces less venom and is less lethal than the females, except for P. boliviensis , where the male is more toxic. The maximum amount among individuals was 3.10 mg (October 26), 4 mg (November 3), 5 mg (November 4) and 8 mg (October 31); 7 mg of dried venom is enough to kill 500 mice subcutaneously and 1,000 intravenously .

Symptoms reported after the bite are tachycardia, increased blood pressure, vertigo, fever, sweating, visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing and paralysis. They may appear within 10 to 20 minutes, and death within two to six hours. Death is usually caused by respiratory arrest.

• Phoneutria fera , commonly known as the ' Brazilian wandering spider , a species of spider found in South America ( Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Brazil , Suriname , and Guyana ).
• This page was last modified on 30 January 2024, at 06:53. Suggest an edit .

Brazilian Wandering Spider

Table of Contents

Brazilian Wandering Spider – Genus Phoneutria

Introduction.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is one that is very interesting to learn about. They are in the record books as the Spider with the deadliest venom in the world. There are 8 known species of this particular Spider.

Description

The leg span of this particular Spider can be up to 6 inches. They can be about 2 inches in diameter around the abdomen. They have a body position that is very different. They lift the front two legs up so that they are able to sway from side to side.

Distribution

They are found all over the jungle floors and that is where their names come from. During the day though they hide under rocks and in crevices. Thy love places that are dark and moist. They live in the forests of Costa Rica, in Columbia, Peru, Brazil, and Paraguay. They are found all over these regions so it is very hard to count the number or them.

They seem to do very well in places where humans have undisturbed items. This can be clothing they don’t wear often, piles of wood, items stored in the closet or the garage, and much more. This is why humans in areas where they are known to live have to be very careful.

Sometimes they are found in crates of bananas and they are shipped all over the world. This is why many shipments have to be closely watched. People that unload them should be well aware of the fact that bananas are a common hiding place for this very venomous and dangerous type of Spider.

The Brazilian Wandering Spider is one of the most aggressive types of Spiders. They will fight each other over territory if there are too many in one area. They don’t seem to do well in captivity either due to the stress it causes them. They may stop eating in such a predicament.

The males are also known to become very aggressive with each other during the mating season. They want to have every chance of being able to successfully mate with a given female. They may harm each other to get to her and keep another out of the way.

Diet /Feeding

Even though they are fairly large they stick to prey that is quite small. The struggle to be able to inject enough venom in larger prey to make them able to successfully kill it. However, it only going to take a small amount of it for the smaller sized prey.

Reproduction

A female may turn away many males before she selects one that she will agree to mate with. Once mating is complete the male needs to run or the female will consume him. She controls when she will use the sperm from the male to fertilize her eggs. This can be right away or she can wait for a period of up to a year. She will then focus all her attention the eggs. She creates a sack for them make out of the silk her body produces.

Venomous Bite /Danger to Humans

Being the most dangerous Spider of all isn’t something that many are fond of. This is why they are so afraid of this type of Spider. Many people trap and kill them because they don’t want to take a risk.

PhTx3 is found in the venom of the Brazilian Wandering Spider. This is very dangerous for the body due to the loss of muscle control. It can result in a person becoming paralyzed. Breathing problems can occur as well due to the inflammation of the throat and the lungs. Once this venom mixes with serotonin there is going to be pain that is very severe in nature.

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