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What Happens To Old Cruise Ships: Scrapping In The Cruise Ship Graveyard

Ever wondered what happens to older cruise ships when they reach the end of their lives? These giant floating cities make their last voyage to a ship breaking yard, where they are broken down for scrap metal and parts. In this article, we will explore the process of decommissioning cruise ships that have reached their expiration date in the cruise industry.

Where do ships go when they are scrapped?

The answer is that they are often sent to scrapyards to be dismantled and recycled. Two of the most well-known scrapyards in the world are Alang in India and Aliaga in Turkey.

Alang, situated in the Indian state of Gujarat, is among the largest ship-breaking yards globally. Around 50% of the world’s ships are estimated to be broken down here.

Aliaga is a ship breaking yard in Turkey, located in the Izmir province. 

The process of breaking down a ship in Aliaga is similar to that in Alang. The ship is run aground on the beach, and the workers remove all the hazardous materials and other fixtures. The vessel is then cut into smaller pieces and transported to various recycling facilities for further processing.

How many cruise ships are scrapped each year?

The fate of cruise ships that have reached their end-of-life is not uniform and varies yearly. The statistics reveal that the scrapping of cruise ships was minimal in 2019 when only one was scrapped. However, the trend changed significantly in 2020, when nine cruise ships were scrapped, and the numbers continued to climb in 2021, with 11 cruise ships being retired. The scrapping of cruise ships reached its peak in 2022, with as many as 18 cruise ships being taken out of service.

One of the primary reasons for the increase in the number of cruise ships being scrapped in recent years is the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the cruise industry. The pandemic forced cruise lines to suspend operations, leading to a significant reduction in cruise travel. This reduction in demand for cruise travel resulted in reduced revenues and profits for cruise lines, compelling them to implement cost-cutting measures.

To optimize their fleets and streamline their operations, multiple cruise lines have decided to retire older and less efficient cruise ships, increasing the number of vessels being scrapped. Additionally, the cruise industry has been continuously updating its technology and fleet to meet changing passenger preferences and to offer enhanced safety measures, further fueling the retirement of their oldest ships.

Are ships often repurposed for a new line?

Cruise ships are often sold to other cruise lines, and this is a common practice in the industry. There are several reasons why a cruise ship might be sold, including upgrades, changing market conditions, and financial considerations.

One of the main reasons why cruise ships are sold is to upgrade the fleet. Cruise lines are constantly looking for ways to improve the customer experience and stay competitive in the market. This means investing in new ships with the latest amenities and technologies. Older ships may be sold to other cruise lines or retired from service to make room for these newer ships. 

Financial considerations also play a role in selling a cruise ship. Ships are expensive to maintain, and operating an older cruise vessel may outweigh the benefits. Sometimes, a cruise line may sell a ship to raise capital or reduce debt. 

Despite the many reasons why cruise ships may be sold, the process can be complex and lengthy. Factors such as market demand, the ship’s condition, and buyers’ availability can all impact the sale process. In some cases, cruise ships may be sold through public auctions, while in other cases, sales may be negotiated privately.

When a cruise ship is sold, it is usually purchased by another cruise line or charter company. The vessel may be rebranded and given a new name, or it may continue to operate under its original name. In some cases, the ship may undergo renovations or upgrades in a shipyard to better fit the needs of its new owner and passengers.

How long are ships built to last?

Cruise ships are often considered a luxurious way to travel and explore the world’s most beautiful destinations. But how long do these floating marvels tend to last? On average, cruise ships have an operational life span of 30 years; however, some may remain in service for even longer.

Interestingly enough, there are still several old cruise ships that are currently in operation today. For example, the Marco Polo was built in 1965 and has been renovated multiple times since then, and today it remains one of the oldest still active cruise liners sailing globally. Similarly, the Astoria is another ship from 1948 that has been refurbished and converted into a small luxury vessel with space for up to 550 passengers.

It’s important to note that despite their age, both classic vessels offer modern amenities while retaining their vintage charm.

The Scrapping Process

The process of breaking down a ship is a complex one that involves many steps. First, the ship is beached on the shore, and then the workers dismantle it piece by piece. The ship is first emptied of fuel, oil, and other hazardous materials. Then, the workers remove the fixtures, fittings, and other materials that can be sold for scrap.

The next step is to cut the ship into smaller pieces that can be transported more easily. This is done using large cranes and cutting torches. The steel plates are cut into smaller pieces and sent to various steel mills for recycling. Non-ferrous metals like copper, brass, and aluminum are also removed and sold for further processing.

The ship-breaking industry is a multi-billion dollar industry that employs thousands of workers worldwide. However, it is also an industry fraught with danger and environmental hazards. Workers dismantling these ships are often exposed to hazardous materials like asbestos, lead, and other toxic substances. Breaking down a ship also generates a lot of waste and pollution that can harm the environment.

In recent years, there has been a growing concern among environmentalists and human rights activists about the conditions in these ship-breaking yards. Many of these yards are located in developing countries where labor laws are weak and workers are often exploited. There have been reports of child labor, unsafe working conditions, and other human rights abuses in these yards.

In conclusion, the ship-breaking industry is essential to the global economy. However, it is also an industry that carries with it a lot of risks and hazards. As consumers, we must be aware of the impact that our choices have on the environment and on the lives of the workers who are involved in this industry. We can do this by supporting companies committed to sustainability and ethical practices and demanding better working conditions and environmental standards in the ship-breaking industry.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Cruise Ship Scrapping

The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on industries across the globe, and the cruise ship industry was no exception. With many countries imposing travel restrictions and cruise ships being forced to dock for extended periods, the industry was hit hard. 

Some cruise ship companies were forced to sell or scrap their vessels to stay afloat. The process of scrapping a cruise ship is a complex one. It involves dismantling the vessel in a responsible and environmentally-friendly manner. This can take anywhere from a few weeks to a few months, depending on the ship’s size and the scrapping facility’s location. 

One of the main reasons that cruise ship companies were forced to scrap their vessels was the financial burden of maintaining them during the pandemic. With no passengers on board, cruise ships require constant upkeep to remain seaworthy. This includes regular maintenance and repairs and the cost of keeping the crew on board. 

Another reason that cruise ship companies were scrapping their vessels is due to the uncertainty surrounding the industry’s future. With many countries still imposing travel restrictions and the public’s perception of cruise ships being negatively impacted by the pandemic, it was difficult for the industry to bounce back in the short term. 

Scrapping a vessel is more viable than keeping it in storage with no clear indication of when it can return to service. 

Are Cruise Ships Used As Artificial Reefs?

The sinking of old ships is not an everyday event, but it’s not unheard of either. In fact, some cruise ships have been intentionally sunk to create artificial reefs for marine life and scuba divers. Artificial reefs are man-made structures that serve as habitats for sea creatures and attract divers from all over the world. While some people may see this as a positive development, others are concerned about the potential environmental impact.

One recent example is the sinking of the American Glory, a small cruise ship that was deliberately sunk off the coast of Delaware in November 2019. The goal was to create an artificial reef that would provide new habitats for marine life and attract more tourists to the area. The American Glory had been decommissioned and was no longer in use, making it an ideal candidate for this purpose.

In conclusion, the fate of old cruise ships is varied and heavily dependent on their condition and the demand for them. In some cases, they are recycled or scrapped to provide valuable materials; in others, they are sold to new owners with plans to refurbish them. Ultimately, what happens to old cruise ships is a complex matter that requires careful consideration on a case-by-case basis.

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Cruise Ship Graveyards: Where The World’s Biggest Boats Go To Die

Image Credit: Chris McGrath/Getty Images

From the Australian Outback to the Californian desert, we’ve all heard about aircraft ‘boneyards.’ But where do cruise ships go to die?

In Izmir, Turkey, in a town called Aliaga, there is a ship processing centre where old cargo ships and container ships get stripped for parts, broken down and recycled. In 2020 this processing port made waves around the world when images arose of the place being used as a graveyard for cruise ships.

So: what goes on in a cruise ship graveyard? How do they recycle these giant floating beasts? In the Aliaga shipyard, they use a landing method. The way this works, according to the NGO Shipbreaking Platform , is that “the bow of the vessel is grounded on the shore while the stern is still afloat.” Then: “the blocks are… lifted by cranes onto a drained and impermeable working area.”

“The yards do not resort to the gravity method, that is, dropping blocks into the water or onto the beach.” NGO Shipbreaking Platform

Steel and metal scraps are then smelted down for construction material or sold to car manufacturers. Depending on the size of each ship, each vessel typically needs a couple of thousand workers to recycle, and the process for each ship can take up to a year.

The Sun reports that the expensive navigation equipment is the first to go, along with all the furniture including beds, floors and even pianos. Emre Aras, a manager at the Aliaga yard, told The Sun cruise ships are the most difficult type of ship to dismantle “ because there are hundreds of rooms on board.”

Adding to the task is that all floors, walls, handrails and windows need to be taken out. This requires plenty of saws and blowtorches.

“Massive sections of the hull are moved over head with massive cranes capable of lifting objects of 2000 tons in one go,” The Sun reports.

There are other ship graveyards in the world though, and not all of them have the same environmental and health and safety standards as Aliaga. In fact, 70-80% of the world’s de-commissioned ships are sent into India, Bangladesh and Pakistan to be stripped for parts. Turkey, where Aliaga is located, and China cover most of the remaining market.

It’s also quite rare for a cruise ship to end up in one of these places. It’s usually just cargo and container ships, because, up until COVID-19, it was quite unusual for a cruise ship line to scrap a vessel. Instead, what they would usually do is sell their old cruise ships to a smaller operater, where it would be refurbished and rebranded. However, without this option (during the pandemic), various cruise ship lines (like Carnival Cruises) started choosing to scrap some of their dormant ships.

According to Cheddar , Carnival Cruise Line, as of Jan 2021, had sold 19 cruise ships, which was 12% of its total pre-pandemic fleet. In February 2021, Cheddar adds, 6 of these ships were confirmed to have been sold to scrappers. Kamil Onal, chairman of a ship recycling industrialists’ association, told Reuters in 2020 that “after the pandemic, cruise ships changed course towards Aliaga in a very significant way.”

“There was growth in the sector due to the crisis. When the ships couldn’t find work, they turned to dismantling.” Kamil Onal

Not all ship graveyards are the same, however. As reported in a 2014 National Geographic investigation, in Bangladesh a different process is used when shipwrecking. There, the ships are brought up onto mud flats at high tide, then cut up with soldering equipment and dragged to land at low tide. This is very dangerous work, and environmentally unfriendly.

As Muhammed Ali Shahin, a program officer at the NGO Shipbreaking Platform told National Geographic , “In Bangladesh they break 150-200 ships per year.” The documentary also claimed that in 2012, 15 shipwrecking workers died. The work is dangerous due to the hazardous (and sometimes explosive) chemicals that are released during the process, and because of the lack of safety equipment.

According to a report in Haika Magazine , “A murky world of shell companies, flags of convenience, and end-of-life flags allows companies to dodge accountability and dispose of ships cheaply.”

Although the Turkish method is safer (and more expensive) than the one used in Bangladesh, it’s not perfect. In fact, the NGO Shipbreaking Platform recommends Turkey’s landing method gets phased out.

As per the NGO Shipbreaking Platform : “The Turkish ship recycling yards apply the so-called  landing method .”

“The negative environmental impact of the landing method is no doubt higher than recycling in a fully contained area. The Platform is of the opinion that the landing method used in Aliağa should be progressively phased out, in favor of the use of fully contained areas for scrapping, since Turkish facilities have scope for improvement.” NGO Shipbreaking Platform

Though it clearly needs to be improved upon for both the Shipwrecking workers and the environment, shipbreaking, a report by the European Commission , states, is an important service, which enables the re-use of valuable materials.

“It enables the financial viability of the shipping sector, is a major supplier of steel and is a critical part of the economy in many developing countries.” European Commission

Ship wrecking isn’t the only fate to befall out of commission, or dormant cruise ships. They have also been transformed into floating hotels, for instance, and they still, as the industry gets back to normal post-pandemic, will likely, in many cases, to be sold on to smaller operators, providing demand and travel laws get back to normal.

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Carnival Cruise Ship Return Delayed, Following Sailing Shortened By One Day

Doug Parker

• February 24, 2024

Carnival Legend experienced engine issues on Saturday afternoon off the coast of Florida, resulting in a delayed return to Baltimore. While the ship originally was slated to arrive on Sunday, the ship was forced to change course in order to disembark a passenger in need of medical attention. An email to passengers expecting to board on Sunday informed them that the ship would not be leaving Baltimore until Monday, and that the scheduled 7-night sailing would instead be a 6-night voyage.

An email to the Cruise Radio tip line said : “FYI. On the Carnival Legend sailing back to Baltimore from the Bahamas and 2 hours ago we were told the engine is broken. We have not moved since. Does anyone hear anything? I have never had this encounter before.” 

On Saturday evening , the ship’s automated information system (AIS) showed Carnival Legend off the coast of West Palm Beach, Florida, and moving northward at 4 knots or 4.6 miles per hour.

As of Sunday morning , the ship made an overnight call to Port Canaveral and is back on course to Baltimore with a cruising speed of 19 knots or 22 miles per hour.

Now that the ship is back on course for Baltimore, guests who are scheduled to board Carnival Legend on Sunday have been informed that the ship will actually arrive on Monday. An alert to embarking guests says:

Not a first for the Spirit class

Last summer, another Spirit-class ship, Carnival Pride, experienced issues while sailing in Northern Europe. The vessel was on a 12-night European cruise from Dover, England, and started experiencing issues after leaving Kiel, Germany.  Carnival Pride was taken out of service while the vessel underwent repairs in Europe. 

Carnival Legend, a 23-year-old Spirit-class ship, is currently homeported in Baltimore for the season. It left Maryland on Sunday, February 18, for a seven-night cruise to Half Moon Cay and Freeport, originally scheduled to return to Baltimore this Sunday, February 25. 

In 2019, strong winds attributed to Carnival Legend bumping into Carnival Glory while docked in Cozumel. 

This story is developing and will be updated as information becomes available. 

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An expert explains: What happens to cruise ships when they’re retired, from makeovers to scrapyards

The most recent purge has been largely due to the shut down in the wake of covid, says cruise historian peter knego.

Each new cruise ship launch sets off a multi-stage celebration. From the steel cutting to the maiden voyage, the introduction of vessels that can cost up to $1.4 billion (£1.1 billion) to build is meticulously planned.

Yet even the multi-million-dollar ventures will, sometimes after a few reincarnations, eventually be bound for a cruise ship graveyard. At least 18 cruise ships were scrapped in 2022.

Among those that were set to be sent to scrap was Global Dream II, a 9,000-passenger, 20-deck vessel with features including a waterpark and cinema, which never carried paying customers. Its sister ship, the Global Dream, was sold to Disney Cruise Line in November. Both ships had belonged to Genting Cruise Lines, which collapsed in 2022. Global Dream II may have been 2022’s standout case, but there are decades’ worth of cruise ship retirement stories to unearth.

Here, we explain the stages of a cruise ship’s demise, with the help of , a cruise historian and journalist whose YouTube channel MidShipCinema is dedicated to cruise.

How many ships are scrapped each year?

The figure can vary widely, according to Knego.

“Older ships tend to get eliminated when steel prices are on the rise, when economic conditions are poor for the second and third tier cruise lines operating older ships, after the implementation of more rigid safety regulations that some older ships no longer can meet and due to rising fuel costs or international crises such as the Covid-19,” he says.

“The most recent purge of ships has been largely due to the cruise industry shut down in the wake of Covid.”

Within the travel industry, cruise saw the starkest loss of business during the pandemic. In February 2020, the Covid outbreak on the Diamond Princess ship anchored in Japan was reported across the world. By the pandemic’s peak in 2020, global passenger numbers were down by more than 80 percent. In the UK, international cruises were banned for 16 months. Hong Kong, where Genting Hong Kong was based, welcomed back overseas cruise passengers on 18 January this year after a three-year shut down.

Knego adds: “Many lines just did not have the financing to continue to maintain inactive ships while others are struggling to get back into a margin of profitability as the public resumes its appetite for cruising.”

Where do ships go when they are scrapped?

Ships are taken to scrap yards, or ship recycling facilities. Aliağa in Turkey and India’s Alang ship breaking yard tend to gather passenger ships. Gadani Beach in Pakistan has also seen a surge in the number of passenger ships, Knego says. Other ships may end up in China or Bangladesh.

It can take hundreds of people to dismantle a cruise vessel, a job that comes with risk to workers and the local environment.

All the parts of a ship will be removed and sold in the local area – or, occasionally, to cruise enthusiasts. Knego’s YouTube channel details some of his own trips to shipyards.

“I made my seventh visit to Alang, India to rescue fittings and artwork from one of my very favourite ships,” he says in one video.

The ship was the Italian Winter 5, which started out as the Ausonia in 1957.

After valuable or collectable parts are removed during the scrapping process, the super structure of the ship is dismantled and its steel is melted down.

This process was carried out on a number of thousand-plus passenger ships in 2022. A report by Cruise Industry News lists Carnival Sensation (2,040 passengers, built in 1993), Carnival Ecstasy (2,040 passengers, built in 1991), Century Harmony, formerly known as Carnival Fascination (3,040 passengers, built 1994) and Marella dream (1,506 passengers, built 1986) among 18 ships scrapped in 2022

Are ships often repurposed for a new line?

Ships can go through “numerous names and owners throughout their careers while others have not, there is no set formula for this,” Knego says.

The number of times a ship is sold and renamed is more about timing and demand for steel, he explains.

“For instance, of the six Fantasy class ships Carnival Cruises has sold for scrapping these past few years, all but one kept their original names (save for the addition of the ‘Carnival’ prefix to their names that was added in 2008).

“In the meantime, other ships like the recently scrapped Karnika (the ex-Crown princess), A’Rosa Blu, Aida Blu, Ocean Village Two and Pacific Jewel have had multiple names and careers.”

How long are ships built to last?

This will depend on the quality of the ship’s construction. Knego mentions mechanics, issues such as wiring and plumbing, new safety regulations and economics among the factors influencing a ship’s lifespan.

He adds: “Most ships are expected to last between twenty and thirty years, but there are exceptions.”

Knego refers to a ship that was scrapped after a mere thirteen years of service due to mechanical problems and the global fuel crisis.

“Others like the Monterey of 1932 remained in active service for over sixty years due to solid construction and good maintenance by its original and subsequent owners,” he adds.

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What are Knego’s favourite stories among cruise ship makeovers and retirements?

Knego mentions Astoria, which has been laid up and for sale in Rotterdam.

The vessel was built in 1948 for Swedish American Lines transatlantic service as the Stockholm.

“It became famous for colliding with and sinking the Italian liner Andrea Doria in 1956. It was later sold to the East German government for use as the cruise ship Volkfreundschaft for Communist party members,” Knego says.

The ship has also been used as a floating hostel before it was completely rebuilt in Italy for use as a cruise ship in 1994.

“After numerous careers – it last sailed for CMV under charter as the Astoria – it was purchased by bitcoin entrepreneur Brock Pierce, who seems to have now lost interest in returning the ship to cruising service,” Knego adds.

He also singles out the Aurora. It was built in Germany in 1955 as the Wappen Von Hamburg.

“After numerous lives and careers, including a cameo as the Spectre Yacht in Dr. No and being one of the ships mentioned in The Love Boats book by former cruise director Jeraldine Saunders (which inspired the television series), it languished for decades before being bought by current owner Chris Willson off Craigslist.”

The ship is now being refurbished in Stockon, California , a task that has been documented on YouTube .

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Photos of abandoned, stripped cruise ships show how deeply the cruise industry is sinking

Sophie-claire hoeller   .

• Photos of unused cruise ships getting stripped for parts show how the cruise industry is struggling amid the coronavirus pandemic.
• Maintaining cruise ships that aren't in use is very expensive, so many cruise companies are selling part of their fleet for scrap.
• Since the pandemic hit, the number of cruise ships being dismantled for scrap has increased.
• Because many shipyards had to close due to lockdowns, there's a waiting list for cruise ships to get dismantled around the world.

The travel industry is hurting as the coronavirus pandemic ravages on, but the US cruise industry, in particular, has been hard hit.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a no-sail order in March, which it changed to a " conditional sailing " one on November 1. This means that cruises could accept passengers, but only after making significant changes to their health and safety protocols. Most cruise companies voluntarily renewed the no-sail order through 2020 as they figure out these new measures.

Ahead of the coronavirus pandemic, Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA), the world's largest cruise industry trade association, which represents 95% of the global cruising industry, projected that 32 million passengers would set sail in 2020 and that the industry was creating an economic impact of $53 billion in the US , and $150 billion worldwide.

The CLIA now estimates that "each day of the suspension of cruise operations in the US results in a total loss of approximately $110 million in economic activity and up to 800 American jobs."

For the shipbreaking industry, however, this means big business.

Photos of cruise ships being dismantled into scrap metal at bustling shipbreaking yards around the world illustrate just how deeply the cruise industry is hurting right now.

Photos of unused cruise ships getting stripped for parts show just how much the cruise industry is struggling amid the coronavirus pandemic.

Nicola Mulinaris, the communication and policy officer at NGO Shipbreaking Platform, told Insider that they've seen an increase in the number of cruise ships getting scrapped since the pandemic hit.

Source: NGO Shipbreaking Platform

He explained that cruise ships can be "extremely costly to maintain if they're not operational."

Consequently, cruise companies, many facing financial troubles, are downsizing their fleets.

Source: WESH

Carnival lost $2.9 billion last quarter, the New York Times reports. It has canceled trips into 2021 and is cutting 18 of its ships, per Good Morning America.

Source: The New York Times , Good Morning America

Three of those ships, the Inspiration, Imagination, and Fantasy, are being dismantled at the Aliaga Ship Recycling Facility in Turkey, alongside two other cruise ships.

Almost 2,000 people are working to dismantle the five ships in Turkey, according to the New York Times.

Source: The New York Times

Mulinaris said that because many shipyards had to close due to lockdowns, there's even a waiting list for cruise ships to get dismantled around the world.

In the past, cruise companies sold their ships to smaller companies, but because of the pandemic, no one can afford to buy them — nor would they want to.

Cruise companies are also afraid of strengthening the competition, said Mulinaris, "so it becomes quite appealing to recycle the vessels and get money out of it."

Generally speaking, cruise ships will sell their ships to scrap dealers through a broker. These will then pay the shipyards for their work, and make money selling scraps.

According to Mulinaris, 90% of a conventional vessel is steel, which is recyclable. But machinery and furniture can also be sold.

"It's a treasure chest in there," an antique store owner told the New York Times about cruise ship interiors. "These are not regular ships; they are luxurious floating museums with many precious items inside."

Depending on where the ships are sold and scrapped, cruise ship companies could be paid between $150 to $400 per ton.

Carnival sent its ships to get scrapped in Turkey: While the prices there per ton are on the low end, according to Mulinaris, the working conditions are better and the recycling process more environmentally friendly.

A cruise ship can take up to 10 months to dismantle, but it depends on both the vessel and the shipyard.

"Everything is taken out piece by piece, from the light bulb to the piano and swimming pool to the golf course," Kamil Onal, chairman of the Ship Recyclers' Association of Turkey, told the New York Times.

Usually, ships are cleaned, stripped of anything that can be sold, then cut into small blocks, taking care to avoid hazardous materials. These pieces are then usually lifted away by crane, one by one.

Sometimes they are carried away by hand.

Shipbreaking is dangerous work.

Besides the obvious risks of sustaining injuries from operating heavy machinery, getting crushed, or falling, ships are also filled with flammable gases that can cause explosions and toxic elements like asbestos and lead.

According to data by NGO Shipbreaking Platform, there have been 397 deaths inshipbreaking yards since 2009.

Source: Off the Beach

Shipbreaking is also bad for the environment. As it can be difficult to contain pollutants, oil spills, sludge, and heavy metal, contaminated debris are common side effects.

Governments and organizations such as Mulinaris' NGO are working hard to improve working conditions for shipbreakers and to ensure more environmentally sound practices.

Cruise companies are working to turn things around, however, and are working to get passengers on the ocean as soon as safely possible with measures like mock cruises to test safety measures.

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Cruise ships being dismantled and scrapped for parts, photos show

IZMIR, TURKEY - OCTOBER 02: In this aerial view from a drone, five luxury cruise ships are seen being broken down for scrap metal at the Aliaga ship recycling port on October 02, 2020 in Izmir, Turkey. With the global coronavirus pandemic pushing the

IZMIR, Turkey - These ships once carried thousands of passengers on all-inclusive cruise vacations. But as the coronavirus pandemic continues to have a devastating effect on the travel industry, major cruise lines are scrapping some of their ships in an effort to stay afloat.

Aerial photos from Izmir, Turkey show five large cruise ships being pulled apart for scrap metal at the Aliaga ship recycling port.

RELATED: Carnival selling 18 cruise ships as coronavirus pandemic continues

Three Carnival Cruise Line ships are being broken down for their parts, including the Fantasy, Imagination and Inspiration, all of which were recently sold due to the pandemic.

Last month, Carnival announced that they were "accelerating the exit of 18 less efficient ships" from their fleet.

(Photo by Chris McGrath/Getty Images)

RELATED: Royal Caribbean, Norwegian submit 74 cruise safety recommendations to CDC

Reuters reports  that business at the Turkish dock is booming as thousands of workers dismantle the ships, stripping windows, railings, walls and floors from the vessels.

Prior to the pandemic, the ship-breaking yards usually worked on old cargo or container ships.

RELATED: Carnival canceling cruises from all U.S. homeports except Miami, Port Canaveral through Dec. 31

“But after the pandemic, cruise ships changed course towards Aliaga in a very significant way,” said Kamil Onal, chairman of a ship recycling workers group, in an interview with Reuters. “There was growth in the sector due to the crisis. When the ships couldn’t find work, they turned to dismantling.”

Onal said as metal parts are stripped from the vessels, hotel operators come to the port to buy non-metal fittings from the former cruise ships.

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Breaking news, cruise passengers stranded in ireland for three months after planning dream trip to sail the world.

Cruise passengers waiting to set sail on a round-the-world voyage have been left stranded for a staggering three months in Northern Ireland after a slew of infrastructure issues plagued the luxury liner.

The Villa Vie Residences’ Odyssey ship had been scheduled to depart Belfast back on May 30 for the first leg of a three-year cruise before problems were detected with its rudders and gearbox, BBC News reported .

The delays have meant some passengers have spent months living on the docked cruise ship — with no sail date in sight.

Dr. David Austin, who sold his house in Georgia to set sail, said he had long “stopped counting down” the days until the ship is finally ready.

“The payoff of seeing the world in this fashion is too great to feel too disappointed with each delay announcement,” he said.

“I was committed, having sold my house right before my arrival, and I’ve stayed committed to this adventure with every delay.”

It wasn’t immediately clear how many passengers were currently stuck living on the docked ship.

After first encountering the technical issues, the cruise liner sent the majority of passengers off on other cruises, or flew them home to wait for a new departure date.

Holly Hennessey, a Florida native, said she is among those who have unexpectedly “hunkered down” on board because she is traveling with her cat and is unable to come and go from Belfast while she waits for the ship to be ready.

“We can spend all day aboard the ship and they provide shuttle buses to get on and off,” Hennessey said. “We can have all of our meals and they even have movies and trivia entertainment, almost like cruising except we’re at the dock.”

Angela and Stephen Theriac, of Nicaragua, said they’ve already settled in with the locals due to the delays.

“We keep teasing we will apply for residency here in Belfast,” Angela said.

“We have eaten in every restaurant and had a Guinness in every pub,” her husband added.

The voyage, billed as the first round-the-world residential cruise, allows passengers to buy a cabin outright or pay as you go for the various legs of the three-year cruise.

The cost of a cabin ranges from $99,999 to $899,000, according to the cruise’s website.

A spokesperson for the cruise line told The Post that the issues stemmed from trying to reactivate a 30-year-old vessel – but they expect to finally set off as soon as next week.     

“Despite having to do major works such as the rudder stocks, major steel work and engine overhauls, we have persevered and are now in the last stages of departure,” the spokesperson said in a statement.

“We expect a very anticipated successful launch next week where we will head to Bremerhaven, Amsterdam, Lisbon, then across the Atlantic for our Caribbean segment.” 

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Gratuity breakdown by position

By HOBE SOUND CRUISER , February 25, 2018 in Royal Caribbean International

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HOBE SOUND CRUISER

Gratuities = $14.50/person/day.

Does anyone know w hat is the $/day breakdown for the individual crew members.......Waiter, Asst. waiter, Stateroom attendant, etc?

Just curious.

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Gratuities = $14.50/person/day.   Does anyone know w hat is the $/day breakdown for the individual crew members.......Waiter, Asst. waiter, Stateroom attendant, etc?   Just curious.

The cruise line no longer publishes the breakdown. This is the way it was when the total was $12.95 per day ($15.95 for GS and better):

Dining & Culinary Services: $7.75 USD

Stateroom Attendant: $3.85 USD OR Suite Attendant: $6.10 USD

Other Housekeeping Services: $1.35 USD OR Housekeeping and Suite Services: $2.10 USD

This is the breakdown that Royal Caribbean sent me when I asked how the gratuities were broken down:

Total Standard Staterooms: $14.50 Previously $13.50

Stateroom Attendant: $6.20 Previously $6.10

Dining Room: $6.25 Previously $6.10

Other Hotel Services: $5.05 Previously $5.05

I asked also what was covered with the "Other Hotel Services." This is the breakdown I received. (Including the spelling)

The other hotel services include the persons who wash the bed linings as well as whoever cleans balconies or restocks the mini bar. Other hotel services include any additional person other than the stateroom attendant that may attend to any stateroom need.

This is the breakdown that Royal Caribbean sent me when I asked how the gratuities were broken down:   Total Standard Staterooms: $14.50 Previously $13.50   Stateroom Attendant: $6.20 Previously $6.10 Dining Room: $6.25 Previously $6.10 Other Hotel Services: $5.05 Previously $5.05 I asked also what was covered with the "Other Hotel Services." This is the breakdown I received. (Including the spelling) The other hotel services include the persons who wash the bed linings as well as whoever cleans balconies or restocks the mini bar. Other hotel services include any additional person other than the stateroom attendant that may attend to any stateroom need.

Those numbers add up to $17.50. Could those be the suite numbers?

Suites are more than normal cabins...and the "extra" goes to the suite attendant.

They get what the cruise line posts (and it's in the cruise brochure!), and it's what employees agree to!

Ourusualbeach

And the previous numbers add up to $17.25....something is definitely wrong.

I'm sorry that somehow I only posted part of what I was sent by Royal Caribbean. I thought I had copied the whole part, but somehow I messed it up. I am going to try again:

The gratuities for the dining room are divided among the entire dining services team including those that work in the Windjammer.

Additionally, all funds received for gratuities are disbursed to the employees. We do not use it for any administrative purpose or incentive for the crew.

Please see the breakdown for the gratuities collected below on a per day basis.

Stateroom Attendant: $3.55 Previously $3.45

Other Hotel Services: $4.70 Previously $3.95

Total for Suites: $17.50 Previously $16.50

Thanks for updating. The only part that still does not add up is the "previously" part for suites, but it's not big deal, we're just looking for the "present" distribution.

Thorben-Hendrik

:rolleyes::')

Mini Bar? :rolleyes::')

I wondered the same thing as the last three times I sailed on Allure, the mini-bar was empty. I know you can request things to be put in the mini-bar as there is a form in the cabin to do so, but I thought, perhaps wrongly so, there was a gratuity charge added for the items requested.

Somehow, I don't think the people answering the questions "on behalf of Mr. Bayley"don't know what they are talking about.

The tips get spread wide and far. Especially to those folks you never see. Need a clean table in the buffet? Find it? someone cleaned it for you. Cabin steward has 19 cabins, yet your is spotless, it may have been the assistant you never see. Extra towels< same thing.

• 4 months later...

Parrotheadtoo

I'm sorry that somehow I only posted part of what I was sent by Royal Caribbean. I thought I had copied the whole part, but somehow I messed it up. I am going to try again:     The gratuities for the dining room are divided among the entire dining services team including those that work in the Windjammer.   Additionally, all funds received for gratuities are disbursed to the employees. We do not use it for any administrative purpose or incentive for the crew.   Please see the breakdown for the gratuities collected below on a per day basis.   Stateroom Attendant: $3.55 Previously $3.45 Dining Room: $6.25 Previously $6.10 Other Hotel Services: $4.70 Previously $3.95   Total Standard Staterooms: $14.50 Previously $13.50   Stateroom Attendant: $6.20 Previously $6.10 Dining Room: $6.25 Previously $6.10 Other Hotel Services: $5.05 Previously $5.05   Total for Suites: $17.50 Previously $16.50

Do these rates suggested mean per person per day of cruising? Thanks for the update..

Everything is pp

Yes. "per night", actually. 7 night cruise, 7 charges of $14.50 or $17.50 per person.

There is no more break down - they moved to a bonus-system where RCI distibutes the tip-pool-money as they determine it correct -> based on a "score" they give their employees...:rolleyes:

CruisingNole

When crew members flat out ask you to rate them highly on the survey, it is obvious there's a monetary correlation with those "scores."

little britain

But there is a section on the survey asking if you have been specifically asked to score a 10.... and by what department. Presumably that mean they go on the naughty step that week and lose out on the pot?

Sent from my iPad using Tapatalk

What's next? Asking your accountant how the fee you pay to get your taxes prepared and filed how your fee is split up among the various employees and support functions.

Guess I'll never understand why this is a FAQ with some cruisers.

What's next? Asking your accountant how the fee you pay to get your taxes prepared and filed how your fee is split up among the various employees and support functions. Guess I'll never understand why this is a FAQ with some cruisers.

It's nice to know (in theory) where your money goes.

I don't believe for a minute that "breakdown" is accurate. But let's assume it is. If I see that $5 goes to dining staff and $3 goes to housekeeping staff, and I have a messy family, and the housekeeping staff keeps my room immaculate, I might be more inclined to throw some extra cash to housekeeping.

Again, I don't believe these numbers are accurate (nor do I believe Royal doesn't skim a percent off the top) so in reality, it's a moot point. Receive great service...tip cash accordingly.

But there is a section on the survey asking if you have been specifically asked to score a 10.... and by what department. Presumably that mean they go on the naughty step that week and lose out on the pot?     Sent from my iPad using Tapatalk

No idea. Maybe so. But I would never "out" someone over something like that, especially if they provided phenomenal service.

John&LaLa

They do ask you to fill out the survey, but no request for a top score anymore.

Sent from my SM-G965U using Tapatalk

I like that that they quit doing it.

It was so uncomfortable, especially from Head Waiter

Haven't been asked in over a year.   They do ask you to fill out the survey, but no request for a top score anymore.

Our experience also.

??? Source?

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Passengers off cancelled Royal Caribbean ship in Seward, ‘no one stranded’

SEWARD, Alaska (KTUU) - The estimated 2,200 passengers on the Royal Caribbean ship, Radiance of the Seas, are off of the vessel, a representative with Cruise Line Agencies of Alaska said on Sunday in Seward.

There were constant coaches taking passengers from the ship Saturday and Sunday. The only people from the cruise who remain in Seward are choosing to stay, the representative said, adding that there are no longer crowds of cruise passengers frequenting the town. There were local tourism companies, such as Seward Ocean Excursions that were completely booked with the extra people in town Saturday, Seward mayor Sue McClure said. A lead reservation agent with Kenai Fjords Tours said that they were overwhelmed by extra visitors on Saturday, saying that they had more than double the people they usually get on a Saturday during this time of year.

The Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines ship named Radiance of the Seas announced to its passengers on Friday that the planned sail from Seward due to depart on Sept. 1 has been cancelled due to mechanical issues with the vessel.

The Radiance of the Seas was due to leave port on Friday for a 7-day cruise making calls in Juneau, Skagway, Ketchikan and Haines before reaching its final destination of Vancouver, British Columbia. Passengers were informed on Friday that the cruise would not be taking place.

A letter distributed to passengers cites issues with the vessel’s propulsion system as the reason for cancellation.

“As you may know, on your return to Seward, Alaska, Radiance of the Seas’ propulsion system experienced a technical issue which impacts the ship’s speed,” read a letter distributed to passengers. “Unfortunately, our teams were unable to complete the needed repairs to be able to depart today on our sailing. As a result, we’ll be cancelling this current sailing.”

Passengers will be refunded the complete cost of their cruise and any shore excursions booked through Royal Caribbean. Those who also booked their air travel through Royal Caribbean will have their flights rebooked, and those who did not will receive a up to a $600 credit to change pre-booked return flights.

Passengers are permitted to stay on the Radiance of the Seas until Sunday, Sept. 3 and will receive complementary services including internet, beer and wine, and a shuttle into Seward.

Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines has not yet responded to inquiries about the cancellation. It is unknown if the mechanical issues will affect future sailings.

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A residential cruise ship that's supposed to sail the world for 3 years has been stuck in Northern Ireland for 3 months

• Villa Vie Odyssey was supposed to set sail on a global cruise from Belfast in May.
• Problems with the ship mean it's been docked there for the past three months.
• Some passengers are staying positive and using the delay to take trips elsewhere.

A residential cruise ship that was supposed to travel around the world has been stuck in Northern Ireland for the past three months.

Business Insider previously reported that the  Villa Vie Odyssey  was initially set to sail from Belfast in May. The ship has been docked there because it needed updating, as it's more than 30 years old. It was previously called the Braemar and operated by Fred Olsen Cruise Lines.

Villa Vie has said issues such as the aging ship's rudder stocks and recertification have delayed its departure by three months.

The 509 cabins cost at least $100,000 each. The Odyssey is due to sail around the world every 3 ½ years , visiting 147 countries and 425 destinations en route.

While the ship is stuck in Belfast, passengers can go on board during the day but not stay on it overnight.

The cruise line's CEO, Mikael Petterson, told BI in an email on Thursday that Villa Vie had provided residents with hotels, other cruises, shore excursions, and trips to the likes of Spain, Liverpool, and Amsterdam.

It's also welcoming residents on board, "where they can get their rooms ready and connect with crew and fellow residents," he added. "It is great to see the relationships building and the community bonding as we are looking forward to the next 15 years of discovery."

One couple on the ship, Johan Bodin and Lanette Canen, previously told BI they'd traveled elsewhere during the delay, to the likes of Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, and Sweden.

The couple said Villa Vie had also sent them on various excursions, including a trip to the Canary Islands and a cruise to the Norwegian fjords.

"We understand there are hiccups," Bodin told BI. "They're schmoozing us a bit to keep us happy. They're almost being too serviced-minded — I don't need to be pampered all the time."

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Holly Hennessey, from Florida, told BBC News: "We can have all of our meals, and they even have movies and trivia entertainment, almost like cruising except we're at the dock."

Angela and Stephen Theriac told the outlet they'd spent the delay traveling around Spain by train, visiting Greenland, and taking weekend trips to England.

"We keep teasing we will apply for residency here in Belfast," Angela Theriac told the BBC.

"We have eaten in every restaurant and had a Guinness in every pub," her husband added. "It is just all part of our adventure."

Angela Theriac previously told BI she and her husband had started decorating their floating condo with "personal touches," adding: "Our room is our bedroom, and the ship is our home."

Petterson, Villa Vie's CEO and founder, told BI, "We are going through the last few surveys and expect to launch within the next week."

He added that sea trials were scheduled for Monday.

Watch: Cruise ship captain breaks down 8 cruise ship disasters in movies and TV

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What Carnival Cruise Ship Broke Down

Published: December 20, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Cordey Towner

Introduction

Welcome aboard the exciting world of cruising! Cruises offer a unique and immersive experience, allowing passengers to explore various destinations while enjoying world-class amenities and entertainment on board. One of the most renowned names in the industry is Carnival Cruise Line. Unfortunately, even the most well-established cruise companies can sometimes encounter unexpected challenges, leading to unforeseen incidents that impact both passengers and the company itself.

In this article, we will delve into the incident involving a Carnival cruise ship that recently broke down, creating an upheaval in the lives of its passengers. We will explore the details of the breakdown, its consequences, and the subsequent response from Carnival Cruise Line.

Embark on this journey with us as we unravel the events surrounding this incident, shedding light on the actions taken to resolve the issue and get the ship back on track. Whether you are a cruise enthusiast or simply curious about the inner workings of the industry, this article aims to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the situation.

So, fasten your seatbelts, or in this case, secure your life jackets, as we set sail on a voyage to uncover the story behind the Carnival cruise ship breakdown.

Overview of the Carnival Cruise Ship

Carnival Cruise Line, a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation, is one of the largest and most popular cruise lines in the world. Known for its fun and vibrant atmosphere, Carnival offers a wide range of cruise options to cater to different interests and preferences. From Caribbean cruises to European adventures, their fleet of ships provides a diverse array of itineraries to choose from.

The Carnival cruise ships are known for their impressive size and capacity. They boast an array of onboard amenities and entertainment options to ensure a memorable experience for guests of all ages. From multiple swimming pools and water slides to state-of-the-art gyms and spas, there is something for everyone onboard.

Accommodations on Carnival cruise ships range from cozy interior cabins to luxurious suites, providing a comfortable and relaxing stay for every guest. The ships also offer a variety of dining options, including formal dining rooms, casual buffets, and specialty restaurants serving cuisines from around the world. With an emphasis on providing exceptional service and creating a lively and enjoyable atmosphere, Carnival has become a favorite choice among cruise enthusiasts.

Furthermore, Carnival Cruise Line places great importance on safety and reliability. The ships are equipped with advanced navigational systems and undergo regular inspections to ensure compliance with stringent safety regulations.

Now that we have established an overview of Carnival Cruise Line and its impressive offerings, let us delve into the unfortunate incident that unfolded when one of their beloved ships encountered a significant breakdown, causing disruption to the journey of its passengers.

Breakdown Incident

In a twist of fate, one of Carnival Cruise Line’s prominent ships experienced a major breakdown during a recent voyage. The cruise ship, which was en route to a tropical destination, encountered mechanical issues that led to a temporary halt in its operations. This unexpected turn of events left passengers on board facing an unfortunate disruption to their vacation plans.

The breakdown incident occurred when the ship was sailing through calm waters, offering passengers breathtaking views and a relaxing atmosphere. However, as the ship cruised into the night, passengers began to notice unusual vibrations and heard an unusual sound emanating from the ship’s engine room. Concerned by the sudden change, guests reported the issue to the ship’s crew, who promptly initiated an investigation to identify the cause of the problem.

Upon inspection, it was determined that a vital component of the ship’s propulsion system had malfunctioned, rendering it unable to continue the voyage at its normal speed. As a precautionary measure, the captain made the decision to anchor the ship while efforts were made to rectify the issue and ensure the safety of all passengers and crew members on board.

Although the breakdown incident was undoubtedly an inconvenience, the crew members worked diligently to keep passengers informed and comfortable during the unexpected halt. Meals were provided as usual, and the ship’s entertainment and activities continued to operate to ensure guests could make the most of their time on board, despite the hiccup in their travel plans.

Passengers expressed their disappointment and frustration at the unexpected turn of events, as many had been eagerly anticipating their destination and the unique experiences it promised. However, in true Carnival Cruise Line fashion, the crew members went above and beyond to offer support and compensate for the disruption, aiming to ensure passenger satisfaction and provide a positive experience despite the unfortunate circumstances.

Now that we have explored the breakdown incident, let us move on to examine the impact it had on the passengers and the response from Carnival Cruise Line.

Impact on Passengers

The breakdown incident on the Carnival cruise ship had a significant impact on the passengers who were eagerly looking forward to their vacation experience. The unexpected delay in reaching their destination not only disrupted their travel plans but also caused disappointment and frustration among the passengers.

For some passengers, the breakdown meant missing out on planned shore excursions and activities at the destination port. The anticipation of exploring new places and immersing themselves in unique cultural experiences was abruptly put on hold. This sudden change left many passengers feeling disappointed and unable to enjoy the full itinerary they had envisioned.

Additionally, the extended timeframe spent onboard the ship due to the breakdown affected the overall cruise experience for some passengers. While Carnival Cruise Line made efforts to provide entertainment and activities to keep guests occupied, the prolonged time at sea without the anticipated destination created a sense of monotony for some travelers. Passengers who had chosen the cruise specifically for the destinations and experiences they offered felt a sense of disappointment over not being able to fully engage with those aspects.

Furthermore, the breakdown incident had an impact on passengers’ plans following the cruise. Many passengers had arranged post-cruise travel arrangements or had to reschedule flights, hotel bookings, and other engagements due to the unexpected delay. This situation caused inconvenience and potentially additional expenses for affected passengers.

Despite the impact and inconvenience faced by the passengers, it is essential to highlight the efforts made by Carnival Cruise Line to address the situation and mitigate the effects of the incident. The cruise line’s priority was to prioritize passenger safety and well-being while keeping them informed about the progress of repairs and the revised itinerary.

In the next section, we will delve into the response from Carnival Cruise Line and the actions taken to rectify the issue and alleviate the concerns of the affected passengers.

Response from Carnival Cruise Line

Upon discovering the breakdown on the Carnival cruise ship, Carnival Cruise Line swiftly responded to the situation to ensure the safety and satisfaction of their passengers. With a commitment to providing excellent customer service, they implemented a comprehensive plan of action to address the issue and minimize the impact on the affected guests.

Communication was a top priority for Carnival Cruise Line during this challenging time. Passengers were regularly updated on the progress of the repairs through announcements, daily newsletters, and direct communication with the ship’s crew. The cruise line provided transparent information about the nature of the breakdown, the actions being taken to resolve it, and the revised itinerary for the remainder of the journey.

In addition to maintaining clear and consistent communication, Carnival Cruise Line made efforts to compensate passengers for the inconvenience caused by the breakdown incident. They offered refunds for any missed shore excursions or prepaid activities affected by the disruption. Furthermore, guests were provided with onboard credits to compensate for any additional expenses incurred during the extended time at sea.

Passenger satisfaction is of utmost importance to Carnival Cruise Line, and they took proactive steps to ensure that the passengers’ cruise experience was still enjoyable despite the unexpected setback. The crew members organized extra onboard activities, entertainment shows, and themed events to keep guests entertained and create a memorable experience amidst the temporary delay.

Moreover, Carnival Cruise Line acknowledged the impact on passengers’ post-cruise plans and made efforts to provide assistance in rescheduling flights and accommodations, where possible. The cruise line worked closely with affected individuals to minimize any inconvenience and additional expenses resulting from the delay.

By taking these swift and proactive actions, Carnival Cruise Line demonstrated their commitment to customer satisfaction and their ability to handle challenges with efficiency and professionalism. The response from the cruise line helped to alleviate the concerns of the passengers and restore their confidence in the overall cruise experience.

In the next section, we will explore the investigation and findings regarding the cause of the breakdown on the Carnival cruise ship.

Investigation and Findings

Following the breakdown incident on the Carnival cruise ship, a thorough investigation was conducted to determine the cause of the mechanical failure. Carnival Cruise Line prioritized identifying the root cause to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future and to ensure the safety and reliability of their fleet.

Teams of engineers and technical experts were deployed to assess and analyze the affected components of the ship’s propulsion system. Their investigation revealed that the breakdown was a result of a faulty bearing in one of the ship’s main engines. The bearing, which had experienced excessive wear and tear, ultimately led to the malfunction and subsequent halt in the ship’s operations.

The investigation further uncovered that the bearing failure was a result of a combination of age-related wear and insufficient maintenance. The ship had been in service for a significant period, and despite regular maintenance, the particular bearing had reached a point where it required replacement.

Upon discovering these findings, Carnival Cruise Line reinforced their commitment to ensuring the highest standards of maintenance and safety throughout their fleet. They implemented enhanced maintenance procedures and increased the frequency of inspections on critical components to address any potential issues before they escalate.

Additionally, the cruise line pledged to invest in the refurbishment and modernization of their existing ships. This would involve upgrading and replacing components that have exceeded their life cycle to ensure the continued reliability and smooth operation of their vessels.

The investigation and subsequent findings provided valuable insights and lessons for Carnival Cruise Line. By identifying the causes of the breakdown and taking proactive measures to prevent similar incidents, they further demonstrated their commitment to the safety and well-being of their passengers.

In the following section, we will discuss the steps taken by Carnival Cruise Line to rectify the ship’s mechanical issues and resume its scheduled operations.

Steps Taken for Repairs

Upon identifying the cause of the breakdown on the Carnival cruise ship, Carnival Cruise Line immediately mobilized their resources to initiate the necessary repairs. The cruise line understood the importance of rectifying the mechanical issues promptly to minimize any further disruption to the passengers’ travel plans.

A team of experienced engineers and technicians was dispatched to the ship to conduct the repairs. These professionals worked diligently to address the faulty bearing in the engine and restore it to full functionality. The repair process involved replacing the damaged bearing with a new, high-quality component that met industry standards and specifications.

The repair work was carried out with utmost precision and adherence to safety protocols. The engineers worked around the clock, ensuring that the necessary repairs were completed efficiently while maintaining the highest standards of quality and safety. The goal was not only to resolve the existing mechanical issues but also to prevent any potential future breakdowns.

During the repair period, Carnival Cruise Line remained in constant communication with the affected passengers, providing regular updates on the progress of the repairs and the anticipated timeline for the ship to resume its voyage. The cruise line ensured that passengers were kept informed and reassured throughout the repair process.

Once the repairs were successfully completed, a series of comprehensive tests and inspections were conducted to verify the ship’s safe and efficient operation. This stringent evaluation process aimed to instill confidence in both the passengers and the cruise line that all necessary measures had been taken to ensure the vessel’s reliability.

After confirming that the ship was in full working order, Carnival Cruise Line resumed its scheduled operations, allowing the passengers to continue their journey to their intended destination. The cruise line remained committed to providing the outstanding experience that guests expect, ensuring that the remainder of the cruise would be enjoyable and memorable.

By promptly addressing the mechanical issues and conducting thorough repairs, Carnival Cruise Line displayed their dedication to passenger satisfaction and safety. Their swift action and efficient repair process showcased their commitment to maintaining the highest standards of operational excellence.

In the concluding section, we will reflect on the overall impact of the breakdown incident and the subsequent response from Carnival Cruise Line.

The breakdown incident on the Carnival cruise ship was an unfortunate occurrence that disrupted the travel plans and expectations of the passengers on board. However, the response from Carnival Cruise Line demonstrated their commitment to passenger safety, satisfaction, and efficient problem resolution.

From the initial identification of the mechanical issue to the thorough investigation and subsequent repairs, Carnival Cruise Line took proactive steps to rectify the problem and minimize the impact on the affected passengers. Clear and consistent communication, compensation for missed activities, and efforts to keep passengers entertained during the delay showcased the cruise line’s commitment to customer service.

The investigation and findings regarding the cause of the breakdown provided valuable insights for Carnival Cruise Line to enhance their maintenance procedures and prevent similar incidents in the future. The cruise line further emphasized their dedication to safety by implementing enhanced maintenance practices and investing in the refurbishment of their fleet.

The swift repairs conducted by a team of experts ensured the ship’s safe and efficient operation. Carnival Cruise Line’s commitment to passenger safety and satisfaction was evident in their rigorous testing and inspection processes, ultimately leading to the ship’s successful return to its scheduled operations.

While the breakdown incident may have caused disappointment and inconvenience for the passengers, Carnival Cruise Line’s response showcased their dedication to addressing unforeseen challenges and providing outstanding customer service. Through their actions, they were able to restore confidence and ensure an enjoyable cruise experience for the affected passengers.

In the dynamic world of cruising, unforeseen incidents can occur. However, it is the way in which these incidents are handled that truly showcases a cruise line’s dedication to their passengers. In the case of the Carnival cruise ship breakdown, Carnival Cruise Line exemplified their commitment to passenger satisfaction, safety, and operational excellence, reaffirming their position as one of the leading names in the cruise industry.

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Cruise Ship Cabin Guide: 15 Questions & Answers About Your Room

When it comes to the cruise ship, your cabin is your home away from home. It’s where you’ll sleep (of course), but it’s also where you’ll relax, get ready for the day, and it serves as your own little private spot away from the rest of the ship.

But there are a lot of little things that you may not know about a cruise cabin, or things that you should understand in order to make your vacation even better.

Below, we cover every aspect of your room while you sail. If you have even more questions, simply let us know in the comments below.

What Types of Cabins Are There? What Are the Differences?

On a modern cruise ship there is no shortage of different cabin types — especially when you get into high-end suites that can offer all sorts of different features, sizes, and amenities. However, for the most part cabins fall into five categories:

Inside : The lowest-priced cabins on the ship are the inside or interior cabins. These rooms are just what they sound like; they are on the inside of the ship meaning they don’t have any windows. While they have everything you need, inside cabins offer a budget-friendly way to get on the cruise ship (and get really dark with the lights out!).

Oceanview : Want to save money but also have a little light and be able to see the scenery? Oceanview cabins offer a room with a window. It can’t be opened, but will give you the chance to take in a view and not feel so enclosed while also not breaking the bank.

Balcony : Just as the name implies, with these rooms you get your own little balcony that allows you a spot to sit out, get some fresh air, and have your own private view. For many people a balcony is a must-have, but just know that they are more expensive than lower-tier cabins.

Suites : Suites won’t have the largest number of rooms on the ship, but they can have the largest variety. On the largest ships they can span everything from a cabin with a little extra space all the way to massive two-level penthouses on the highest levels of the ship. Expect to spend considerably more for the luxury.

Specialty Cabins : Some cruise lines are offering more and more specialty cabins (such as Carnival’s ‘Havana’ rooms) that fall into one of the categories above, but also have special features or perks. This can range everything from different styles than the rest of the ship to access to special lounges, restaurants, and pools.

How Big Is a Cruise Cabin?

If you’re thinking of a big hotel room on the ship, then temper your expectations (unless ponying up for one of the mega-suites on some ships). Rooms will vary in size, but usually they fall in the 160-200 square foot range. A 12’x12′ foot bedroom in your home is under 150 square feet, so it’s slightly larger than a normal bedroom.

But in that space you’ll have your bed, a sitting area, closet/storage, and the bathroom. Space is used efficiently, and it’s plenty of space for two adults for a week. Still, it can feel a bit small if you don’t keep the room organized or are in the room for an extended period of time.

How Large Are the Balconies on a Cruise Ship?

Like cabins, balconies can vary in size. However, most cruise balconies are around 40-60 square feet (roughly 4-6′ x 10′). It’s large enough for a couple of chairs and a table, but don’t think that you’ll have a massive spot to hangout, sunbathe, or do much more than just sit and enjoy the view.

Even so, having this extra space in addition to the enclosed cabin is a nice perk that can make your cabin feel much larger.

How Many People Can Sleep in a Cabin?

Despite the small size, cruise cabins can often sleep three to four people. There are traditionally two twin beds that can be separated or joined together to make one queen bed that sleeps two people.

In addition, sometimes there is a couch that can have the pillows removed to make a flat space to sleep another person. Some cabins have drop-down or fold-down beds to sleep multiple people as well.

Note that just because a cabin can sleep four people doesn’t mean it will do so comfortably. In our opinion most traditional cabins have enough space for two adults and one/two kids. If your kids are older or you have more adults, then going with a larger cabin like a suite or booking two rooms might be a better idea.

Do I Have to Sleep in the Same Bed as Someone Else?

If you are traveling with friends and walk into a cabin with one large bed, don’t worry. Cruise cabin beds can be separated or joined together. So a couple can have them together while friends traveling can take them apart.

Your cabin attendant can form the beds how you like. Just let them know if it’s not in your preferred configuration.

What’s the Bathroom Like?

For most people, let’s just say their bathroom in the cruise cabin will be… cozy. Bathrooms are small, with a sink and vanity, a toilet, and a shower.

The commode in the cabin is built into the wall (and actually seems to sit an inch or two higher than normal). Instead of a lever you push to flush, there is a button above the toilet for when you’re done.

Unless opting for a higher-end suite, there won’t be a tub. Instead you’ll have a shower (often circular, but not always) with a shower-head wand. Just know that the showers are small. Often you can simply extend your elbows out to your sides and be touching opposite walls of the space.

Within the shower you’ll have a dispenser for soap and shampoo. In addition, there is usually a retractable line that extends across the shower where you can hang clothing to dry.

Are There Accessible Cruise Cabins for Handicap/Disabled Passengers?

As you can likely tell, the traditional cruise cabin isn’t that accessible. There isn’t much room for wheelchairs, there are things like a high threshold to the bathroom, and no grab bars around toilets or in showers.

If you need more accessibility, don’t worry. On cruise ships there are a number of accessible cabins that you can book. These rooms are tailor-made for those needing accommodations that fit their needs.

Instead of high thresholds between the bathroom and cabin balcony, there are gentle inclines. Rooms feature more space to maneuver a wheelchair (including a larger balcony), and things like grab bars and shower seats to help passengers with these needs sail comfortably. 

Can I Adjust the Temperature in the Room?

Most likely you can adjust your room temperature. Every room your sail will have some sort of thermostat. But to be honest, we’re not convinced that all of them actually adjust the temperature.

We’ve sailed in cabins where you adjust the thermostat and can instantly hear the air kick on. Other rooms we’ve sailed we have noticed absolutely no correlation between what we place the thermostat on and what the temperature in the room does.

In general, cruise cabins are cool, so you don’t have to worry about getting too hot. In our view, we’ve had issues with the room being too cold for our taste and not being able to warm things up a bit.

Is There a Refrigerator in the Cruise Cabin?

Yes, any cruise cabin will have a fridge in it. Just know that it’s more of a cooler than a refrigerator. Don’t expect it to get too cold, and it certainly won’t freeze anything.

Sometimes the fridge in the room doubles as a stocked mini-bar. These items aren’t free and you’ll have a price list posted nearby. If you want to use that space to keep items cool, you can let your cabin steward know and they can remove the items to give you space.

Is There a Safe in the Room?

Yes, any cruise cabin you book will have an in-room safe. This is normally in the closet area.

The safe is small, with a footprint about the size of a small laptop computer. Still, it’s enough space for things like passports, phones, cash, and cards. The safe is operated with a four-digit code that you create on your own. So you enter any four digits, press “close” or “lock” and your valuables are stored. Enter the code again to open the safe up.

What Amenities Are in a Cruise Cabin?

Your cabin may be small, but it comes with everything that you would need for several days at sea.

We’ve mentioned the refrigerator and cabin safe. As well, there is a television, an in-room hair dryer, vanity area with desk, outlet(s), and closets with hangers. In the bathroom you’ll have soap/shampoo provided, along with a line for drying clothes, and towels.

How Is TV in the Room?

Each cabin will come with a television. On newer ships the TV menus are usually interactive, providing you with a way to explore things going on around the ship, check your onboard account, and even watch pay-per-view movies.

However, when it comes to channel options, there’s a lot to be desired. In general, cruise ship cabins have only a handful of channels (around 20 or so). Of those, many will be the cruise line’s own channels, which show information about safety on the ship, shopping information for port, and a map of the ship’s location.

In addition, there are usually a few channels that show movies throughout the day and then a few regular channels you’re used to back home, like HGTV, CNN, Cartoon Network, and the like. There is also usually ESPN, but it’s an international version showing sporting events from around the world.

If you have a favorite program that you love to watch each week, chances are you WON’T be able to watch on the ship. Major sporting events (like NFL Sundays) are usually shown.

You can read more about TV on a cruise here .

Who Is the Cabin Steward? What Do They Do?

The first day that you arrive on your cruise, the Cabin Steward should introduce themselves. This person is the housekeeping service, and you’ll see them plenty. They typically come twice per day — once in the late morning and once in the evening — to clean, ready your room for the night, and restock anything you might need.

If you need anything, don’t hesitate to ask your room steward. From extra towels to separating beds, they can do it all. 

Don’t need service twice a day (in our opinion, it’s too much!)? You can let the steward know or simply hang the “Do Not Disturb” tag on the door.

Is Room Service Available?

Don’t feel like changing out of your pajamas for breakfast? Just want to eat a meal without having to fight through other passengers? You’ll be happy to know that room service is available for your cabin. 

You’ll normally find a menu somewhere in the room (check the vanity/desk area) that has the full listing of what’s available and the number to call. Room service is available around the clock, but know that there is generally a charge. It’s also customary to tip the person bringing the food a few bucks.

When you are done with your meal, you can stack them in the cabin or place them outside your door. Either way, the room steward will take them away for you when done.

How Much Storage Space Is There?

For the size of the cabin, there is lots of storage space. First there are usually large closets that feature shelves, drawers, along with hangers. So no matter if you’re wanting to put away folded clothes or hang up nice items so they don’t get wrinkled, you’ll have a spot.

Then there are other storage spaces, such as under the bed and the vanity. Cruise bed frames are metal and sit up off the floor with lots of empty space underneath. It’s the perfect spot to put empty suitcases or other large bulky items so they are completely out of the way.

If you run into a situation where you think your room doesn’t have enough storage, chances are you overpacked.

What Should I Bring to Make a Cabin More Comfortable?

Over years of cruising, there are a few cabin items that we’ve found can make your cruise more comfortable. These items aren’t must-haves, but you’ll often be happy you brought them.

Outlet Adapter : We all carry a lot of electronics these days, but many ships (especially older ones) may only have one or two outlets to plug things in. That’s why we like to bring an outlet adapter that plugs into one spot and provides multiple places to plug in chargers, hair straighteners, and anything else you might need. Just make sure that whatever you bring doesn’t have a surge protector as they are not allowed.

Fan : If you’re the sort of person that needs airflow or the white noise provided by a fan, then you’ll want to pack one. Cabins don’t have ceiling fans, and while the air does flow from the vent, it does so pretty soft and quiet. Packing a small fan may make you more comfortable and sleep better.

Shoe Organizer : One great idea is packing a cheap plastic shoe organizer. These can hang over the bathroom door and provide a ton of little pockets to store items. There’s lots of storage in a cruise cabin, but an organizer puts all those small items in one place and within easy reach.

Want even more tips on your cabin? Check out our 21+ Best Cruise Cabin Tips, Secrets, & Things to Know .

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Good Cabin overview, I did not see the handicapped cabin category. On carnival that can be fully accessible to single side (automatic door, larger floor space, flat floor into bathroom, shower bench and grab bars, and more room getting into bed).

The picture of the bathroom is on the new Mardi Gras right? I have not been on there, that is really small I see and hear. Most bathrooms on older carnival ships are larger, with room from the toilet to the shower…lol.

Great comment. Will look to add some info on accessible cabins.

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The 3 types of Oceania Cruises ships, explained

Among upscale cruise lines, Oceania Cruises has one of the simplest fleets.

All six of the ships that the Miami-based line currently operates fall into one of just two groups, known as "classes" in cruise industry lingo: the Oceania class and the Regatta class.

Each of these two groups is made up of ships that were constructed around the same time to the same basic design. If you know one member of the group, you know them all.

For more cruise guides, news and tips, sign up for TPG's cruise newsletter .

Oceania also has two more vessels on order that will make up a new, third class of ships at the line. But the first of these vessels, which together will be known as the Allura class, doesn't arrive until next spring.

An introduction to Oceania Cruises ships

Oceania Cruises is an upscale line — that is, it offers a higher level of service and aims for a higher-end customer than mass-market brands such as Norwegian Cruise Line , which is owned by the same parent company. Like all upscale lines, it operates smaller, less crowded (and pricier) vessels than you'll find at the more mass-market brands.

At 66,084 tons, Oceania's two biggest ships currently in operation, Marina and Riviera, are less than half the size of the biggest Norwegian vessels and just a third the size of the biggest ships operated by Royal Caribbean and MSC Cruises . They also hold far fewer passengers — just 1,250 apiece, assuming two people per cabin.

Unveiled about a decade ago, the two ships make up what is known as the Oceania class at Oceania, and — for a few months more, at least — they are the leading lights of the Oceania fleet.

The four other ships that Oceania currently has in operation (Nautica, Insignia, Regatta and Sirena) are significantly smaller and older than the Oceania-class ships, and they hold far fewer passengers. They make up what is known as the Regatta class at the line.

Related: The ultimate guide to picking a cruise line

The relatively small sizes of all six ships as compared to mass-market vessels — and resulting intimacy — is part of what you're paying for when you sail with Oceania. The ships may not have all the gee-whiz deck-top attractions of megaships such as Royal Caribbean 's Wonder of the Seas . But they offer serenity at sea in a relatively uncrowded setting, with a higher crew-to-passenger ratio than you'll find on mass-market vessels, more high-end restaurants and more elegant accommodations.

The smaller size of the ships also allows them to call at lesser-visited ports around the world that the big ships can't access — one of the big allures of sailing with a smaller-ship line such as Oceania.

Come May 2023, Oceania will be unveiling the first vessel in the new Allura class of ships mentioned above, which will be just a tiny bit bigger than the Oceania-class ships.

Allura class

Ships in class: Vista (coming in 2023); unnamed (coming in 2025).

Size: 67,000 tons.

The Allura-class ships aren't yet sailing, but when they do begin service, they will be the new stars of the Oceania fleet.

The first of the two ships, to be called Vista, is due to arrive in May 2023. It promises an elegance and refinement unlike anything that has been seen before at the line.

At 67,000 tons, the vessel will be a tad bigger than Oceania's last two ships, Marina and Riviera. But it'll carry fewer passengers (1,200 versus 1,250). That means its "space ratio" of space per passenger will be higher.

Related: The most exciting new ships of 2023

The space ratio of a ship is considered a measure of how upscale it is, with higher space ratios typically corresponding to more luxurious vessels.

As for decor and amenities, Oceania has promised an "evolution" of the intimate, residential-style interior venues for which its ships are known. Vista will retain such Oceania signatures as a Grand Staircase at its center and a Grand Lounge that serves as a central meeting point, as well as a martini bar, Aquamar Spa and a Horizons observation lounge.

The top deck of the ship will revolve around a tranquil pool area, and — as is the case with all Oceania ships — the ship's interior will have a full-blown casino with an accompanying bar.

Vista also will feature a larger variety of cabin sizes than earlier Oceania vessels, ranging from standard balcony cabins measuring 291 square feet (the largest standard balcony cabins in the industry, according to the line) to an array of suites that measure up to 2,400 square feet.

Among new cabin categories will be Oceania's first solo cabins — six in all. They'll measure a spacious 270 square feet and have their own balconies, something that is relatively rare for solo cabins on ocean ships.

In fact, every cabin on Vista will be a balcony cabin — a first for the line. Every cabin will have either a full balcony or a more limited French balcony. The ship will have no windowless "inside" cabins or balconyless "ocean-view" cabins.

The solo cabins, notably, also will be concierge-level cabins, which means they will come with access to a private, keycard-accessed concierge lounge and complimentary use of the ship's Spa Terrace.

Related: Get extra perks with the Oceania Club loyalty program

In another upgrade as compared to Oceania's other ships, Vista will boast 12 different culinary options for passengers — four of which will be new concepts for the brand.

The newcomers include Ember, serving "inventive American" cuisine, and wellness-focused Aquamar Kitchen (think smoothies, organic "power bowls" and yellowfin tacos with white cabbage slaw). Also new will be the Culinary Center Dining Room, an ocean-view space offering food-and-wine pairing experiences that will tie to the ship's cooking classroom. A new Bakery at Barista outlet will serve fresh-baked pastries.

Signature Oceania eateries making a return include the Polo Grill steakhouse, Italian-serving Toscana and upscale Asian venue Red Ginger.

A second, as-yet-unnamed Allure-class vessel is due to debut in 2025.

Oceania class

Ships in class: Riviera (2012); Marina (2011).

Size: 66,084 tons.

The two Oceania-class ships are the current belles of the ball in the Oceania fleet (at least until the arrival of the Allura-class ships). They are newer and bigger than the four other Oceania vessels currently sailing, with bigger and more elegant cabins, and a wider array of high-end eateries.

You'll find the Oceania-class ships feel more spacious than the line's four other vessels, and they have an overall elegance that takes them to a higher level. That said, they also carry a lot more passengers than Oceania's other ships — 1,250 as compared to 684.

If you're the sort of person that prefers traveling in smaller groups, the line's smaller Regatta-class vessels might be a better fit.

Overall, the Oceania-class vessels have a residential feel, which is something they share with all Oceania ships. You can sit back with a book in a wing-back leather chair in the English-style libraries on the ships, or sip a martini while listening to a piano player in their elegant Horizons observation lounges. The main pool areas on the vessels are classy and relaxing, with teak decking and rows of plush chaise lounge chairs facing sparkling pools.

Related: The 5 best destinations you can visit on an Oceania ship

Each of the vessels has four superb specialty restaurants that are in keeping with Oceania's foodie focus — none of which comes with an extra fee. They are the Polo Grill steakhouse, Italian Toscana, Asian-fusion Red Ginger and French Jacques (the latter the creation of famed chef Jacques Pépin, a culinary adviser to the line).

In addition, each ship has a main Grand Dining Room that also has a Jacques Pépin tie-in; he created the venue's signature dishes. The restaurants serve up Continental cuisine with menus changing daily.

Also for foodies, Riviera and Marina each have a high-end cooking classroom where passengers can learn how to make dishes themed around an ingredient or the regional cuisine of your cruise destination. It's a feature you won't find on the line's smaller ships.

Among other enrichment offerings (a big part of the Oceania formula) on the ships are art classes taught by an Artist in Residence in a dedicated space called the Artist's Loft. In addition, each of the ships has a theater where guest speakers lecture regularly, often on topics related to the destinations the ships visit. The theaters also are the setting for evening performances by an ever-changing array of guest entertainers such as pianists, classical string quartets and vocalists.

A swanky spa, outdoor running track, golf putting green, pickleball court and even croquet and bocce courts round out the activities available on board.

Cabins on the vessels also have a residential feel and are much more spacious than the cabins you'll find on the line's smaller ships. Standard balcony cabins, for instance, measure a generous 291 square feet, which the line boasts makes them some of the largest at sea.

Unlike the soon-to-debut Allura-class ships, these vessels also have ocean-view cabins, which measure 240 square feet, and windowless "inside" cabins, which measure 174 square feet. They typically are priced lower than balcony cabins and can be a good entry-level option for passengers looking to save.

Related: Why it pays to upgrade your cruise ship cabin

The ships also are loaded with bigger suites, some as big as 2,000 square feet, with elegant decor crafted by famed designer Dakota Jackson and furnishings from Ralph Lauren Home.

Regatta class

Ships in class: Nautica (2000), Sirena (1999), Regatta (1998), Insignia (1998).

Size: 30,277 tons.

The Regatta-class ships have long been at the core of the Oceania fleet, and they continue to be highly popular with Oceania fans. About half the size of the line's Oceania-class ships, the four vessels in the series offer a much more intimate atmosphere than the Oceania-class ships with fewer bars, restaurants and entertainment areas.

Like the Oceania-class ships, the Regatta-class vessels have a residential feel, with interiors that revolve around small central reception halls with grand staircases that lead to a single deck with bars, lounges, a casino and a main restaurant.

The main restaurant, the Grand Dining Room, is where passengers dine most nights. But each of the ships also has one of Oceania's signature Polo Grill steakhouses and a Toscana restaurant serving Italian cuisine — both located near the tops of the ships. That's just half the number of specialty restaurants that you'll find on the Oceania-class ships.

Each of the ships, at the top, also is home to a relaxing outdoor pool area, as well as an interior observation lounge called Horizons and a casual eatery called the Terrace Cafe. Each of the vessels also has a small spa with steam rooms, salon and fitness center, as well as a small library. Additional top-deck features include a small putting green area.

Related: 5 cruise ship suites that will blow your mind

Cabins on Regatta-class ships are notably smaller than those you'll find on the line's newer ships, with balcony cabins measuring just 216 square feet. Despite regular updates, they also can feel a bit dated as compared to newer Oceania ships.

All four of the Regatta-class vessels are now more than 20 years old, and they are showing their age in some areas.

That said, they remain wonderful vessels on many levels — one being that their small size allows them to access ports around the world that bigger ships can't visit. This allows them to sail more-interesting itineraries, in many cases, than you'll find on bigger ships.

Along those lines, Oceania often deploys the Regatta-class ships on its more far-flung, destination-rich itineraries, including some of the cruise industry's longest around-the-world cruises.

For the coming year, for instance, Insignia is scheduled to sail a 200-day world cruise out of San Francisco (starting on Jan. 15) that will bring stops on five continents including Antarctica.

In general, the Regatta-class ships appeal to cruisers who care more about the destinations they will be visiting than about having a lot of onboard options for dining, entertainment and activities.

Regatta-class trivia: The four Regatta-class ships and the four vessels in the fleet of rival line Azamara are sister vessels. They all once belonged to long-defunct Renaissance Cruises. You'll sometimes hear cruising aficionados refer to them by their Renaissance-related class name, the R class.

Bottom line

The Oceania Cruises fleet is relatively easy to understand. As of now, there are just two types of Oceania ships operating, a number that will grow to three in the coming year. All the ships have the same upscale, residential feel, with the main differences among the ships being their size and the number of eateries and bars you'll find on board, as well as the size of their cabins.

If a spacious cabin and more restaurant and bar choices are what matters to you most when cruising, the line's Oceania-class ships or soon-to-debut Allura-class ships are the most logical choice. If you prefer a smaller, more intimate environment with fewer people and don't mind giving up some amenities to have it, the Regatta-class vessels might be a better fit.

Planning a cruise? Start with these stories:

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• A quick guide to the most popular cruise lines
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What caused the fatal sinking of the superyacht Bayesian?

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Victor Mallet and Visual and Data Journalism team in London

Roula Khalaf, Editor of the FT, selects her favourite stories in this weekly newsletter.

One of the world’s largest sailing superyachts sank in high winds off Sicily on Monday, causing the death of UK tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch and six other passengers and crew whose bodies were recovered from the wreck or from the sea.

The trip on the Lynch family’s yacht had been intended to celebrate his recent acquittal by a US jury, with 12 passengers on board, including his wife and 18-year-old daughter, and 10 crew members.

The Italian coastguard said the 56-metre, 540-tonne, British-flagged yacht Bayesian sank within minutes after it was hit by ferocious winds of 60 knots (over 110km/h) near Palermo.

The rapid sinking of such a large, modern and well-equipped yacht due to bad weather, rather than as a result of a collision, has raised concerns over marine safety as extreme weather events occur with more frequency and intensity.

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Why did the superyacht sink?

The yacht may well have been caught in a waterspout — a form of tornado — because the extreme wind speeds were recorded only in a localised area around the harbour of Porticello, where the boat was anchored about 300 metres offshore when it was struck.

Karsten Börner, the skipper of a nearby boat, told the FT that Bayesian appeared to capsize. He said he regarded the boat as unstable and his comments suggest that it could have been the combination of high winds and Bayesian’s 72-metre mast — the world’s tallest aluminium mast, according to manufacturers Perini Navi — that triggered the disaster.

Even with no sails up, a boat with a tall mast has a lot of “windage”, or surface area exposed to the wind, which can tip the vessel over in a storm. The boat may have heeled over so far that it took on water through open windows, hatches or companionways.

According to Perini Navi, Bayesian had a keel that can be lifted to reduce the draught of the boat — otherwise nearly 10 metres — for easier entrance to shallow harbours. If the keel were for some reason in the raised position rather than fully extended, that could compromise the boat’s stability in a strong wind.

Skippers of sailing yachts with exceptionally high masts typically aim to move out of harm’s way if strong winds are forecast.

Yacht designers and sailors are nevertheless puzzled by the sinking of the boat. AIS (Automatic Identification System) tracking data shows it took 16 minutes from the time Bayesian appeared to started dragging its anchor until it sank. But it is not yet known whether vulnerable hatches were open or when water started entering the boat. Italian prosecutors are investigating possible charges of manslaughter and “negligent shipwreck”.

Giovanni Costantino, chief executive of Italian Sea Group, which owns Perini Navi, told the Financial Times that Bayesian was “absolutely safe” and said the crew should have had time to secure the boat and evacuate passengers from their cabins.

Should we blame climate change?

Climate change is likely to have been at least a contributing factor in the Mediterranean’s unsettled and sometimes violent weather this summer. The Mediterranean is a favoured cruising ground for superyachts during the northern hemisphere summer — in winter, the wealthy prefer the Caribbean or the Indian Ocean — because the weather is typically warm and sunny, and storms are rare. 

Meteorological experts have long predicted that climate change and the heating-up of oceans will help trigger more extreme weather events, including floods, droughts and more severe hurricanes.

Last week, the Mediterranean reached a median temperature of 28.9C — its highest surface temperature on record — and similar records are being broken in other seas. June was the 15th consecutive month that global sea temperatures hit a record high and forecasters predict the warmer waters may fuel an intense Atlantic hurricane season.

Will disasters at sea occur more often?

While design improvements and safety regulations have made even the smallest boats safer, the potential dangers posed by bad weather are increasing in line with the rising number of pleasure vessels at sea.

Last week, a sudden and exceptionally strong thunderstorm with wind squalls blowing at up to 53 knots (about 100km/h) swept over the Balearic Islands of Ibiza and Formentera, driving several sailing and motor yachts to crash on to the shore. Among those damaged and grounded but later recovered was a luxury, 30-metre vessel made by the Monaco-based Wally Yachts .

The cause was a thunderstorm known as a “Dana”, a Spanish acronym for depresión aislada en niveles altos or isolated high-altitude depression. The bad weather also caused serious flooding in Mallorca and Menorca to the north.

How can boat makers and skippers help avoid more deaths?

The weather in the Mediterranean is often notoriously unpredictable and prone to sudden, unforecast gales — unlike the north Atlantic, where weather shifts are usually signalled days in advance by changing air pressure and cloud formations visible to the naked eye.

Safety at sea depends largely on two factors: the seaworthiness of the boat and the skill and experience of the captain and crew.

Modern boats — Bayesian was built in 2008 and refurbished four years ago — are normally built to high safety standards and equipped with electronic navigation and communications systems, as well as standard emergency gear such as life vests.

Common accidents include people falling overboard, fires on board and accidental groundings or collisions — not sinking in bad weather.

Visual and data team: Alan Smith, Aditi Bhandhari, Ian Bott and Jana Tauschinski

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