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The Altai Mountains

The Altai Mountains are located in the very heart of Russia — near the Russian border with Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China. They are often called “Russian Tibet”, “Siberian Switzerland” and even “New Zealand” thanks to their beauty and strength. The highest point of the Altai Mountains, and of the Siberian Region as well, is the Belukha Mountain. It is 4,509 meters high and is completely covered with snow, from its peak to its bottom.

The Altai Mountains are really very old but the first documented encounter with them dates back to the 17th century when Cossacks from the nearby city of Kuznetsk (which later became a part of Novokuznetsk) arrived at the Lake Teletskoye or Altyn-Köl. Later, when Biyskaya Fortress (now the city of Biysk) was built, the massive development of the Altai territory, and more of its northwestern part, began.

The Altai is a very versatile geographic region, where plains and steppes change to mountains and vice versa. Now it’s very popular among tourists because it has a lot of interesting things which can attract those who like active holidays and those who like to contemplate as well. The most essential kinds of activities are of course climbing, snowboarding, hiking around the legendary routes, trekking, cycling, diving, rafting, kayaking, sailing, swimming, and fishing. Many people come here for more passive relaxation, such as spa, and feasting the eyes upon maralnik, which is a kind of rhododendron, blossoming in spring — typical deeds of avid ecotourists. They are often attracted by collecting healing herbs, riding a horse, and participating in local festivals, for example in summer “VOTETNO” (literally — “here is ethno”) festival at the end of July.

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Decisions on when to go to Altai should be made depending on what you want to do there. The Altai’s climate is known to be quite harsh. This region is famous for long frosty winters, and hot but short summers. But even in summer, the temperature may go down, so it’s crucial to have some warm clothes with you. Tourist season is in the full swing there usually in summer, and there’s no wonder: it’s the perfect time for people who would like to be involved in many different activities — in summer, one may do the full scope of season activities, from collecting herbs to climbing, and, of course, rafting, sailing, kayaking, and fishing — all those kinds of hot season entertainment. The Winter season begins in the Altai in December and ends in March. It’s the perfect option to celebrate the New Year there. Skating and mountain skiing, riding famous Russian three horses (“troika”), snowmobiles, winter fishing — everybody will find entertainment to one’s taste. The most popular city for skiing is Belokurikha.

Another original way of staying in the Altai is housekeeping and taking care of your own house and animals. It is an option for those who prefer peaceful life to the noise of busy cities.

The best way to get to the Altai is by plane. There are direct flights from Moscow to the most well-known Altai cities Barnaul and Gorno-Altaysk. Then you might go by train, by car, or by bus to any resort and place you like.

• 7 Top Places to Visit While on a Trans Siberian Trip read
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8 Reasons Every Traveler Must Visit Altai Republic

Home / Russia Travel Experiences / 8 Reasons Every Traveler Must Visit Altai Republic

It’s time to visit Altai in Russia, Siberia, if you’re searching for an untouched, raw paradise of adventure and sublime natural beauty.

Three countries converge at the frontier of the Altai Republic: Mongolia, Kazakhstan and China, cradling the region in seven climatic zones and an amazing variety of landscapes. Most of Altai is a huge National Park, an enormous yet sparsely-populated area. This picturesque corner of Russia is home to over 7,000 lakes, snow-capped mountains – including Siberia’s highest peak (Mt Belukha, 4,506m), shadowy forests, gurgling rivers, bears, wolves and even the ghost-like snow leopard. 

When visiting Altai, you’ll witness how the unique topography unfolds into a mecca of adventure tourism where you can ski, raft, climb and hike through some of the most beautiful features of the natural landscape. Altai travel can also be quite relaxing, with charming highland villages, luxurious eco-resorts and mineral hot springs. Sit back and relax while you bath in mineral hot springs, climb the glaciers, hike the valleys or go for a leisurely ski with friends. Whatever your travel style, there is something for you on the list of 7 reasons you should visit Altai.

Table of Contents

1. Visit Altai to hike Mountains and Glaciers

Also called “The Switzerland of Russia” or “open-air museum”, Altai is the home to the UNESCO world heritage site – The Golden Mountains of Altai , which set the scene for some of the most spectacular hikes on the planet, with sweeping valley views, distant snow-capped mountains and lush alpine meadows. There are few places in the world where one can encounter so many landscape combinations in such a small area.

The real beauty of the Altai region is Mount Belukha, the highest peak of Siberia and Russia (4,506 m). It is actually 1,000 m higher than the surrounding mountain ridges, and it is one of the most popular attractions in the region among adherents of active tourism. Glaciers cover some 70 square km of its surface, as the mountain lies in a region of year-round snows. Those that have managed to reach Belukha’s ice-covered crest quickly get a sense of the enigmatic and mystical force of the Altai Mountains.

2. Visit Altai to Explore its Endless Lakes and Rivers

There are over 60,000 kilometres worth of waterways in Altai, there are about 20,000 rivers and about 7,000 lakes, including the famous Lake Teletskoye. It’s the largest and most beautiful lake in Altai, it’s definitely one of the most popular tourist attractions here. About 70 rivers and 150 temporary streams flow into the lake, the largest of them, Chulyshman River, supplying more than half of the lake’s water.

There are many other fantastic lakes popular among visitors, including Aya lake, Kucherlinskiye, Multinskiye, Shavalinskiye and Karakol Lakes, Manzherok and Darashkol Lakes. If fishing is your fancy, then there is also a plentiful supply of fish at the Ugul and Chulishman lakes, where you can fish until your heart is content. Common fish include trout, taimen, grayling, Peled, Perch and Pike.

3. Visit Altai to Enjoy White-Water Rafting

Altai rafting is a popular option for adventurers seeking to experience both the beautiful landscape and an adrenaline rush. Brave the currents through a complex system of waterways, giving rise to some outstanding rivers for rafting like the Katun, Charysh and Chuya. When you visit Altai, you’ll be rafting in the steps of the Russian president, Vladimir Putin, who rafted the Charysh river in 2003.

Extending from its source at the Mt Belukha Glacier, the Katun river carves a path through mountains, meadows and taiga, brining you an Altai white water rafting experience akin to the high water of the American Grand Canyon. The Katun River is one of the most favoured routes of rafting enthusiasts because of its breathtaking views and heart-stopping high water.

4. Visit Altai for Pristine Landscapes

The Altai republic spans 92,600 square kilometres, and it is a land where myths and legends are incarnated into reality. It’s one of those rare corners on the Earth where Nature decided to show everything it was capable of. Broad and boundless views of steppes, luxuriant varieties of taiga thickets, modest charm of deserts, severe splendor of snowy peaks, laconic beauty of tundra – the diversity of landscapes here is so rich, it is as if you are turning over pages of a geographical atlas!

5. Take a Scenic Drive Along Chuisky Highway – Siberia’s Silk Road

The Chuysky Trakt, which rambles on for about 1,000 km, starts in Novosibirsk (2,812 km from Moscow) and extends across Altai down to Russia’s border with Mongolia. Until the very beginning of the 20th century the Chuysky Trakt remained a dangerous mountain path that merchants and traders could cross only on horseback. It was only in 1901 that construction began on an actual road.

Nowadays, Chuisky Trakt (M-52 highway) is Altai’s most famous road, and in 2014 was nominated by National Geographic as one of the top ten most beautiful roads worldwide. They consider it to be on par with the Dalton Highway in the U.S. and National Route 40 in Argentina. The road is wonderfully scenic, snaking through the unique climatic zones of the region and taking you through taiga, steppe, meadows and fields as you cruise through the Altai Republic.

6. Try Your Luck to Spot a Snow Leopard When Visiting Altai

There is a plethora of natural beauty and exotic wildlife sprawling the expanse of the Altai region, varies from big mammals to small birds (230 species) and fishes (20 species). It is home to some of the most beautiful animals on the planet including the eurasian lynx, corsac fox and the wolf. Staring into the peaks of crumbling shale and slate, you might be fortunate enough to spot the luxurious coat of a snow leopard , the ‘ghost of the mountains’, as he crouches in the shadow of boulder , eyeing the sleek contours of an ibex.

Camel and yak are a good Mongolian touch to the picture of the Russian Altai. Golden eagles soar high above the cliffs, casting shadows on the scene below with their 2,5m wing span as they scour the earth in search of foxes and other prey. Brown bears not only grace the terrain of Kamchatka , but their population extends as far east as Altai. Visit Altai to marvel at their hunting prowess, as they emerge from the depths of pine forests in search of hares and reindeer. Wildlife is also abundant in the mountains, and you should keep an eye out for the weasel, chipmunk and squirrel.

Some species of animals, which can still be found today in the Altai mountains, are disappearing. Among them the above-mentioned snow leopard and also the Siberian mountain goat.

7. Visit Altai to Immerse Yourself in a Unique Nomad Culture

Russia’s Altai Republic is home to just over 205,000 people, comprising ethnic Russians (57%), and indigenous Altaians (31%), Kazakhs (6%), Telengits (1%), Tubalars and other groups. For the sake of comparison, the state of Indiana is the same size but has a population of 6.5 million.

The indigenous inhabitants of Altai are a Turkic people, known as Altaians. They are alleged to be descended from the Paleo-Eskimo peoples, who reside in the Altai Republic about 1,5 million years ago. Many Altai people retain their native language and culture (including throat singing), as well as speaking Russian. There are also a variety of religions including Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Tengrism. Many of the traditional peoples remain Shamanists – so your visit to Altai might include meeting an authentic Shaman – while others have converted to Russian Orthodoxy or Burkhanism .

The Altai Republic has long been regarded as an area of spiritual and occult significance, and Russian philosopher and painter Nikolai Rerikh (Nicholas Roerich) visited the region in the early 20th century in an attempt to locate the entrance to Shambala, the mythical enlightened land of Tibetan Buddhism.

8. Visit Altai for its Rich History and Archeology

Altai is home to a wealth of historical and archaeological artefacts, including the ancient rock carvings, petroglyphs and drawings that continue to fascinate archaeologists today. Experts have been studying the area for more than a century, with each expedition deep into the heart of the valleys and gorges uncovering more fingerprints of the past.

Strangely some parts of the Altai Mountains have no petroglyphs at all, while others are like alfresco picture galleries from millennia past. One such place is remote Saldyar, on the banks of the Katun River, a place separated from the outside world by the high jagged peaks of the Saldyarskiy pass.

As the centre of Eurasia, and one of the last untouched regions of natural beauty and wildlife in the world, Altai is host to major ecosystems which support a diversity of life. From pristine mountains and aquamarine lakes to the historically to exciting martian landscapes, Altai travel is one tremendous adventure waiting to happen. Now that you’re better acquainted with the natural beauty and exciting experiences that await you, be sure to include it on your perfect trip to Russia!

See the beauty of Siberia’s Altai below:

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Altai Republic (Russia) Travel Guide: A Journey through Twisting Mountain Roads

• December 13, 2023

Altai: Land of Shamanic Traditions and Otherworldly Scenery, Complemented by First-Rate Tourist Amenities

Popular ski resorts and rugged nature reserves, where few human feet have trodden — all this is the Altai Republic at once. In 2020, the region was visited by 2 million tourists — twice as many as the year before. But at the same time, untouched nature has been preserved here. We tell you where the most picturesque landscapes and unique archaeological sites are located, when and where you can see the mummy of the Altai princess, and how to reach the remote lakes where the Old Believers hid from persecution.

How often do tourists encounter bears — and who is much more dangerous than these animals? How to plan a trip and what customs and traditions of the Altai people should be remembered so as not to offend anyone? Where to stay and what to bring back from the trip? And what to pay attention to when traveling on one of the most beautiful highways in the world — the Chui Tract — and beyond its borders.

In Russia, there is the Altai Krai and the Altai Republic — these are two different regions. The Krai is located to the north, and its landscapes are mostly fields and steppes. The Republic is to the south — it is mountains and taiga, sometimes also called the Mountain Altai.

Table of Contents

Gorno-Altaysk is the capital of the republic and its only city

All the main attractions of Gorno-Altaysk can be explored in a day. The city won’t astonish you with beautiful architecture, but it’s cozy: there are many pleasant parks and squares. Founded in 1830, Gorno-Altaysk grew from a small settlement of the indigenous Teleut people. However, the first humans lived here over a million years ago: the site of the city was one of the oldest settlements of primitive man in Eastern Asia — the Ulalinka Site.

All the most interesting antiquities are gathered in the National Museum . It is a must-visit to better understand not only Altaian traditions but also East Asian culture as a whole. Altai is the ancestral home of the Scythians and Turkic peoples (Altaians, Turks, Kazakhs, and many others). In 552 AD, the ancient Turks created a state — the khanate, and here the Turkic script originated, with the Altai Mountains being a part of the Great Silk Road.

In 2012, the museum underwent a major reconstruction and is now modern and accessible — equipped with ramps and an elevator. The collection includes archaeological finds from frozen burial mounds, deer stones , statues, runic inscriptions from the Turkic period, and shamanic attributes — in a couple of hours, you can visualize all the main stages of the ancient history of the Altai Mountains.

Visitors often come to the museum specifically to see the mummy of the Ukok Princess — for whom a separate hall was built. In 1993, on the Ukok Plateau in the Ak-Alakha River valley, archaeologists excavated a burial site dating back to the 5th–3rd centuries BCE. In the tomb, a Scythian woman lay in a sleeping position with six horses. The perpetual permafrost preserved her numerous tattoos and clothing: a silk blouse, a woolen skirt, felt stockings, and a fur coat. Her head was adorned with a complex hairstyle nearly a meter high — made of hair, wool, felt, fabric, leather, and carved ornaments. Scientists took the mummy to the Novosibirsk Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography. Later, it was established that the woman died at 25 from breast cancer.

Ten years later, a devastating ten-point earthquake occurred in the Kosh-Agach region, the consequences of which are still seen as fractures and cracks in the ground. Religious people took this as a sign: the Ukok Princess was angered and wanted to return home. Some believed it was enough to bring her back to Altai, while others insisted that her body should be reburied. Eventually, in 2012, the mummy was brought to the Gorno-Altaysk National Museum.

But the disputes did not end there. In 2014, a severe flood hit the Altai Mountains, destroying hundreds of homes. Two months later, a major hailstorm with hailstones the size of chicken eggs shattered windows and slate roofs, destroyed gardens, left dents in cars, and felled trees. A couple of weeks later, the Council of Elders of the Altai Republic decided to bury the princess, and their decision was approved by the head of the region. In 2015, representatives of the Turkic Spiritual Center filed a lawsuit in the city court for the return of the princess to the Ukok Plateau, but were denied. The court justified this by stating that burial would lead to the loss of a scientific and cultural object.

As a compromise, the museum management devised a schedule for displaying the Ukok Princess. You can only see her during the waxing moon, not any day as before. In traditional Altaian culture, this is the best time for public and family events, religious and ritual ceremonies, and important beginnings. The museum’s website publishes a schedule with possible visiting dates. An adult ticket costs 250 rubles (2.55 euros), a family ticket (two adults and no more than three children from seven to 16 years old) — 450 rubles (4.58 euros).

The permanent exhibition of the museum features paintings by the main Altai artist Grigory Choros-Gurkin, a student of Ivan Shishkin. In Altai, Grigory Ivanovich is loved not only for his talented epic landscapes but also for his active public work. In 1937, the artist was falsely accused and executed in the NKVD prisons. Today, a street where the museum is located is named after the painter, and the name could have been given to the airport. In 2018, the Public Chamber proposed to name 47 Russian airports after distinguished compatriots, and online voting was conducted nationwide. Most residents of the Altai Republic chose Choros-Gurkin, but followers of Nikolai Roerich from other regions also joined the voting — the traveler visited Altai in 1926 during his Asian expedition and was also included in the list. Eventually, Roerich won by a small margin, which upset the locals so much that they decided not to name the airport after anyone.

The play ‘The Ascent to Khan Altai’ by Andrey Borisov, about the life of Gurkin, is usually one of the most popular productions in the drama theater. From the theater, you can walk to the city park and the ‘Blue Altai’ cinema. There are no particular entertainments here, but it’s a nice place for a walk: the building stands near a small lake, and almost from there starts the promenade of the Maima River. Along the bank, there’s a boulevard with gazebos and a bridge leading to the foot of Komsomolka.

Opposite is Mount Tugaya, which is great for hiking. To reach the observation deck, one must climb 750 stone steps. From this point, the entire Gorno-Altaysk is visible. Next to the mountain, there’s a stadium and a spring, adorned with marble statues of fairy tale heroes — Yrystu and Alyonushka. Sometimes there’s even a queue for the water.

Just a couple of minutes’ walk from the spring is the ‘Enchi’ ethnogallery in the printing house building. On the second floor, paintings by local artists, felt, cedar, stone, and clay souvenirs, musical instruments are sold, and you can try on national clothing. On the first floor, there’s the ‘ Typografia’ restaurant (35 Kommunisticheskiy Avenue), serving Altai cuisine: meat snacks, which are various types of boiled meat with onions; ostrich fern, which tastes like mushrooms when cooked; grayling, the most common fish in the Altai Mountains. Altaians, being former nomads, predominantly prepare dishes from meat and milk. The average bill is 500 rubles (5.09 euros), and local dishes should be ordered in advance, as 90% of the menu is European cuisine. In the ‘City’ cafe-bar (26/1 Chaptynova Street), you can try burgers with maral meat — Altai deer (450 rubles (4.58 euros)) and lamb dishes (about 500 rubles (5.09 euros)). There are a few other local dishes typically eaten in Altai. Chegen is a sour milk drink similar to kefir or ayran; boorsoki are small doughnuts fried in deep oil; Altai flatbread made from dough; talkan — ground barley grains added to tea or water with salt and butter; chokchok — a dessert made of talkan and honey; kurut — dry cheese.

The Chui Tract – one of the most beautiful roads in Russia

The road to many attractions passes along the Chui Tract. Meandering rivers along the tract, mountain gorges, green valleys, and steppes will alternate with each other. All the main natural monuments seem to be strung along this road.

In the Russian Empire, a ‘tract’ was a term used for an improved dirt road or, in general, a major well-traveled route connecting important settlements. But today in Siberia and the Urals, some roads continue to be called ‘tracts,’ mainly historical ones.

The site of the modern Chui Tract was once the Mungal Tract, references to which can be found in Chinese chronicles dating back a millennium. By the mid-18th century, it was a trade route with Mongolia, consisting of a narrow pack trail winding among passes and ridges. In 1914, the road began to be widened and improved for vehicle travel.

The Chui Tract is a federal road, and its condition is noticeably better than that of regional routes. For example, the Teletskoye Tract is also very beautiful, but its surface is significantly worse. The road from Aktash to Ulagan to Balyktyul is a dirt road that occasionally turns into asphalt.

Manzherok — a bike park in summer, a ski resort in winter, and a cable car operating year-round

The village has many comfortable tourist bases, hotels, and campgrounds — and therefore, it’s always full of tourists. In summer, people come here to ascend to the observation deck on Mount Malaya Sinyukha (1020 meters) via the gondola cable car. On weekdays, an adult ticket costs 500 rubles (5.09 euros), on weekends and holidays — 600 rubles (6.11 euros), and guests staying at hotels on the resort territory receive one trip as a gift. From the top, there are views of the Katun River and Manzherok Lake — it’s warm enough, and people even swim in it in summer. The rarefied air tints the mountains in a bluish shade, which is why Sinyukha got its name.

At the top, there’s a café with a standard selection of sandwiches, pastries, drinks, and souvenirs. You can also paraglide with an instructor — 10–15 minutes in the air cost 5000 rubles (50.90 euros), including photos and videos of the flight.

Bike rental ranges from 300 to 5000 rubles (3.05 – 50.90 euros) per hour, depending on the specifications. ‘Manzherok Bike Park’ is the first professional bike park beyond the Urals with four tracks of varying difficulty. The ‘Green’ track is for beginner riders, with a length of 1850 meters, starting from the middle station of the cable car. The ‘Blue’ track has a low level of difficulty, a wide and smooth 1700-meter-long route, also starting from the middle station, featuring jumps and simple turns. The ‘Red’ track, with a medium level of difficulty, includes two routes of 700 meters each and one of 3000 meters, with steep descents and sheer sections. And the most challenging one is the ‘Black’ track.

The park also has a 4.5-kilometer walking trail, a wooden extreme park, and a dirt pump track.

On the mountain, there’s a shaman’s hut, where from time to time one can meet a shaman (usually during the waxing moon). This is specially designed for tourists and is more of an educational and entertainment format. Normally, folk healers are not very public people, they live the same life as everyone else, and in a crowd, they are indistinguishable from ordinary passersby. Locals find them through recommendations from acquaintances. Agencies often offer various tours under the name ‘Trip to a Shaman’. But whether there will be a real shaman at this meeting is unknown.

In winter, six ski runs of varying difficulty levels open on Malaya Sinyukha. There is a separate slope for beginners, and instructors are available to teach — a one-time lesson costs from 1800 rubles (18.32 euros) per hour. For children with special needs — cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, hearing and vision impairments — specially qualified instructors conduct the lessons. They teach rollerblading in summer and skiing in winter — from 1200 rubles (12.22 euros) per hour.

Chemal — an abandoned hydroelectric station, rafting, and views from Mount Camel

It is believed that Chemal is the warmest village in all of Siberia. It has a mild climate, and there are many sunny days throughout the year — averaging 20 per month in summer. The area is known for its gardens, such as the popular ‘Peony Garden’ ecopark . The park features a guest house, a restaurant with tasty pizza (average check 700–800 rubles (7.13 – 8.14 euros)), and a nursery for ornamental plants.

Patmos and Chemal Hydroelectric Station. Altai has its own Patmos. But here, it is a very small islet — a rock with sheer walls in the middle of the Katun River, accessible by a suspension bridge. It was named after a monastery built in the 19th century. During the Soviet era, the hermitage was destroyed. In 2001, a church of John the Theologian was built on its site.

From the bridge towards the hydroelectric station runs a one-and-a-half-kilometer goat trail, in places with wooden or stone steps and railings, and in others, it’s made of clay soil. It’s better to walk here in clear weather — it’s not very safe in the rain. The trail leads to the Chemal Hydroelectric Station by a challenging but short route. This is not the only way — you can bypass the forest and Mount Beshpek via Sadovaya Street. The hydroelectric station was built in the 1930s, but today it is not operational. Various extreme attractions, rafting, and souvenir shops are located on its territory.

The most interesting souvenirs are sold in Askat — a village of artisans in the Chemal district. A clearing with workshops is located at the entrance, where you can also watch the local craftsmen at work. In the village itself, there is a linen shop and the Golovan’ master’s estate. About a kilometer upstream of Askatka is the Silver Spring — the stream’s waters are rich in silver.

Camel. A mountain with a height of 927 meters on the southeastern outskirts of Chemal, near the hydroelectric station. A well-trodden trail leads to the top, which is clearly visible even from afar. No special preparation is needed to get there, and the views of the surroundings are magnificent.

Rafting. The Katun River in the Chemal and Manzherok areas is suitable for beginner rafting. Many popular and uncomplicated routes start on the shore near Patmos or the Turquoise Katun. A three-hour rafting trip with all equipment will cost about 800 rubles (8.14 euros). Rafting on the Chemal River is a bit more challenging and costs around 1500 rubles (15.27 euros).

Karakol Lakes. From the village of Elekmonar (eight kilometers from Chemal), you can go trekking to the Karakol Lakes. Suitable for those who don’t travel further along the Chui Tract but want to see mountain landscapes. The main advantage is accessibility — almost to the lakes, ZIL trucks go, and the last part of the route can be walked or reached by a more passable GAZ-66 vehicle or on horseback. Commercial tours usually take a whole day. If you want to stay in a tent or spend a day or two at a recreational base, you can organize the trip independently, paying separately for transportation to and from each side, or walk the entire way.

In the Karakol Valley, there are many sacred places for the Altai people: the Bashadar burial grounds with sacrificial layouts, the Nizhnee Sooru site, where, according to legends, evil spirits dwell. On the left bank of the Karakol River, on the Bichiktu-Bom mountain, you can see petroglyphs from different eras. Another sacred place is Lake Arygem with its pure spring water and the Arzhun-Suu mineral spring.

On the way to Aktash — passes, ancient petroglyphs, and high-altitude lakes

Aktash is a village from which it is convenient to reach attractions towards Ulagan and Kosh-Agach. Along the way, there are many picturesque landscapes: you will have to overcome two passes — Seminsky and Chike-Taman and you can see the confluence of the Chuya and Katun rivers.

Seminsky Pass (1717 meters). Located at the 583rd kilometer of the Chui Tract. The ascent from the northern side stretches for nine kilometers, the descent to the southern side — 11 kilometers. Over this short distance, several vegetation zones will change: steppe-forest, forest, and high-mountain. There is an observation deck at the top where you can eat and buy souvenirs.

Tavdinsky Caves. A complex of 30 caves represents a kind of prototype of a multi-apartment building. People lived in these caves for several centuries: during excavations, artifacts from the early Iron and Bronze Ages were found.

The Barangol Necropolis consists of kurgans of the Pazyryk culture, which are scattered on both sides of the Chui Tract. Between the villages of Barangol and Ust-Sema, there is a six-meter Kamyshlinsky Waterfall with two drops.

Chike-Taman Pass (1460 meters). The road to the pass winds up endless twists of serpentine, and at the top, there is an observation deck with a view of these steep turns. On the platform, there are also several cafes and souvenir kiosks.

After the Chike-Taman Pass, there are many natural monuments: rock images, caves, kurgans. After the village of Inya, perhaps the most interesting of them is the Kalbak-Tash site . It is the largest complex of petroglyphs in Altai and practically on the side of the Chui Tract — it doesn’t require a long and tiring walk to reach. The oldest images are about eight thousand years old. Scientists have deciphered only about three thousand of them, and that’s far from all. If you look on your own, most of the drawings can simply be misunderstood. Therefore, it is best to go on a guided tour.

Yalomanskaya Fortress (settlement) — an ancient structure at the mouth of the Bolshoy Yaloman River. A little further — Ayr Tash Stone Gates — a place where the Chui Tract is squeezed between two sheer cliffs. Ininsky Bridge — the first and only two-chain suspension bridge built in the Soviet Union.

Chuy-Oozy — the confluence of the Chuya and Katun rivers, a sacred place for the Altai people. It is a cliff from which one can see how one river flows into another: the waters of the Chuya are muddy, those of the Katun — clear. Nearby is the eponymous nature park — a large ancient sanctuary with a huge number of rock drawings and kurgans. For example, the deer stone Adyr-Kaya, presumably erected two to three thousand years ago. It is a plate of greenish slate with a cut top. It was from this stone that the study of the deer stones of the Altai Mountains began.

Shirlak Waterfall (Maiden’s Tears). Another attraction that is easy to reach. It is clearly visible even from the road when traveling along the Chui Tract towards Chibit and Aktash.

Chibit Village. From here start the routes to the Shavlinsky Lakes, which formed due to the melting of the North-Katun Glaciers. The Lower Shavlinsky Lake is the most accessible for unprepared tourists, to which one can get from Chibit on horseback. The road is quite long — 35 kilometers, but there are many stops along the way. More prepared hikers can continue the route to other Shavlinsky Lakes and passes of the North-Chuya Ridge. Through the passes, you can reach the Maashey Glacier, go to the Karakabak Lakes or the Abyl-Oyuk and Kamry Lakes, and reach the watershed of the Kurundu and Yungur rivers. All these are challenging routes for experienced hikers.

In addition, Chibit often hosts various water racing competitions: here flows a very difficult section of the Chuya. Nearby are two waterfalls: Big Ular and Upper Karasu (Little Ular).

Aktash — an excellent base for exploring the surroundings

In Aktash, tourists are offered jeep tours around the area. A trip in an off-road vehicle along selected routes will cost about 2500 rubles (25.45 euros) per person. However, some attractions can also be reached with your own car.

Relay Station. An operating radio tower on Mount Verkhnya. From a height of 3000 meters, fantastic views of the North-Chuya Range and the Kurai Steppe open up. It’s better to go there in clear weather, otherwise, you won’t be able to see all this beauty due to the clouds.

‘Mars-1’ and ‘Mars-2’. A place that gained fame a couple of years ago when a blogger traveling in Altai dubbed these mountains ‘Martian’ on their Instagram. They are located approximately nine kilometers southwest of the village of Chagan-Uzun, and their red color comes from compounds of iron and manganese. You can drive to ‘Mars-1’, but ‘Mars-2’ requires a walk.

According to locals, they knew about the red mountains before — but didn’t consider them anything special. It’s also preferable to visit the ‘Mars’ in clear weather — the mountains acquire a Martian color only when the sun is shining. On a cloudy day, it all looks less picturesque.

The Geyser Lake is located six kilometers from Aktash. A wooden bridge leads to the lake, and on the way, you have to pass through the territory of a tourist base and pay 100 rubles. Of course, there are no geysers at the bottom of the lake, but springs. There are also three layers of clay: blue-black-blue, and the springs constantly create new patterns on the surface from these layers.

Red Gates. Rocks between which a narrow road winds, if you go towards Ulagan. The composition of these rocks includes cinnabar — a mercury mineral.

Uchar Waterfall. The largest waterfall in the Altai Republic, located within the Altai Nature Reserve.

Ulagan. A major district center with supermarkets. This is where civilization ends. Attractions along the way include the Stone Mushrooms in the Akkurum area, the Katu-Yaryk pass, and the Chulyshman river valley — also very popular places.

Kosh-Agach District — trekking to the glacier, lakes, and megaliths

Kosh-Agach is the coldest point in the Altai Republic during winter. The village is situated in an intermountain basin, hence it has a sharply continental climate. At the same time, according to meteorologists, the Kosh-Agach region is one of the sunniest in Russia. Since 2014, the country’s largest solar power station has been operating here.

Akturu Valley. To get to the ‘Akturu’ alpine camp, first, from the village of Kurai, one must reach Perevalka — an intermediate camp. From there, you need to travel either by a special vehicle or on foot. In ‘Akturu’, you can stay in a cabin, cottage, or tent. The area has baths, a cafe, and showers. The camp’s programs with excursions, accommodation, transportation from and back to Kurai cost 24,000–32,000 rubles (244.33 – 325.77 euros) per person for five days.

The easiest route to the Waterfall Stream and the Small Aktru Glacier takes two to three hours. It does not require any special preparation and is suitable for families with children. A guided tour for a group of five people costs 3000 rubles (30.54 euros). The Big Aktru Glacier (eight kilometers long) and Blue Lake are located 12 kilometers from the camp.

On a separate day, you can ascend to the Teacher’s Pass . The name is associated with the sports society of the same name, which opened a training camp here for teachers in the late 1930s. This pass leads from the Aktru valley to the valley between the peaks of Kyzyl-Tash and Jubilee. From the pass, one of the peaks of the North-Chuya Range , the Dome of the Three Lakes , is visible. It offers a beautiful view of Mount Belukha.

Throughout the Chuya Steppe (the upper course of the Chuya River), there is a huge number of archaeological monuments. For example, in the Elangash river valley, there is a complex of rock paintings stretching 18 kilometers in total. 20 kilometers southwest of the village of Kosh-Agach is the Altai version of Britain’s Stonehenge. An ancient megalithic complex of giant stone slabs over four meters high, arranged in a circle.

Teletskoye Lake — the second largest after Baikal

The village of Artybash is located on the shore of the second-largest freshwater lake in Russia. In Altai, Teletskoye Lake is called ‘Altyn-Köl’ — ‘Golden Lake’. Today, its surroundings are a protected nature reserve.

In summer, a ferry operates on Teletskoye Lake: from Yelangash (Artybash) to Cape Kyrsey (the southern shore of Teletskoye). You can admire the beauty of the lake and all the attractions along the way to Aktash. It also operates in the opposite direction. The ferry crossing for a passenger car costs 10,000–12,000 rubles (101.80 – 122.16 euros), motorcycle — 4,000–6,000 rubles (40.72 – 61.08 euros), pedestrian tourist 1,000–1,500 rubles (10.18 – 15.27 euros).

The most popular waterfall of Teletskoye, Korbu , can only be reached by water. It is 12.5 meters high. Near the bridge connecting Artybash and Yelangash, there are pleasure boats. For 1500 rubles (15.27 euros) per person, they offer tours to view the waterfalls, lasting a couple of hours. If desired, you can also go on the ‘Pioneer of Altai’ ship — but it takes five and a half hours and is more expensive — 1800 rubles (18.32 euros).

Near Korbu is another waterfall, Kishte . It is considered to be the loudest waterfall, although Korbu is taller. You cannot walk near it — it is surrounded by rocks and water, but the boats approach it closely. Opposite is the 80-meter Ayu-Kechpes, and on the western shore is Chedor, near which you can also disembark and walk, as near Korbu.

In Artybash, there are small private museums, such as ‘Ethnopark on Teletskoye’ . It consists of three yurt-museums, one of which recreates the exhibition of a traditional Altai dwelling: with a hearth in the center, and division into male and female sides. The exhibits — various household items — were shared by the indigenous residents of Altai villages over two years before the opening. The museum owner, Synaru Anatpaeva, treats visitors to herbal teas and chegen — one of the most beloved and popular national drinks in the Altai Mountains, made from fermented boiled milk. During such tea sessions, she talks about the traditions and customs of the Altai people, recalls legends about the attractions. Tourists ask about things they find interesting, such as wedding rituals, shamanism, or the history of the people.

In summer, on weekends, concerts are held in the park, where you can listen to ethnic Altai music. In addition to tours, there are workshops on felting, after which visitors leave with souvenirs made by their own hands. The ticket to the ethnographic park costs 400 rubles (4.07 euros), and the museum is closed in winter.

Uimon Valley and Mount Belukha

In the 18th century, Old Believers fled to the Uimon Valley to escape persecution. Later, local legends even suggested that the free country of Belovodye was located in these areas. Indeed, they are suitable places to hide: even today, the road to the villages of Uimon is very difficult and in places dangerous. Gromotukha Pass is a boundary with steep turns and a mound instead of asphalt. After it begins the valley. Mainly, people come here to see the Multinsky Lakes and conquer the highest point of Siberia — Belukha (4506 meters).

Multinsky Lakes. This is a cascade of lakes on the northern slope of the Katun Ridge, formed by a melting glacier in the upper reaches of the Multa River. 30 kilometers from the lakes is the eponymous village. There are several ways to get here: on foot or by truck GAZ-66 (popularly known as ‘shishiga’) or UAZ through off-road — muddy tracks, serpentine, and turbulent rivers. The trip from Multa to the lakes costs 1800–2000 rubles (18.32 – 20.36 euros), from Ust-Koksa — 2000–2500 rubles (20.36 – 25.45 euros).

In Ust-Koksa , there is the largest selection of accommodations, so tourists usually stay here. It is a district center with a population of about 4000 people. The village has a small airport and a bus station. Due to good transport accessibility, it is convenient to plan different routes from here. Tourist bases typically have their own off-road vehicles for taking guests to local attractions, or they collaborate with local drivers.

Another option is to stay closer to the lakes, in Verkh-Uimon, Multa, Maralnik, or Zamulta. These are small villages with populations of 600-700 people, so there are fewer hotels and tourist bases, but many locals rent out houses (from 1500 (15.27 euros) per day). There is not much difference in price. In Ust-Koksa, accommodations are more comfortable and there is a wider choice, but in nearby villages, this is compensated by much more beautiful landscapes — for example, the Gromotukha River and the pass of the same name.

Tourists usually visit three to five of the largest lakes, but there are a total of 42. The Multa River flows through the Upper, Middle, and Lower Multinsky Lakes, and they seem to flow into each other. Transportation usually only goes as far as the Lower Lake — beyond that, vehicles cannot pass. To reach the other lakes, you must cross the river or go around on foot.

Near the Lower Lake, it’s convenient to stay with a tent, where there are a couple of dozen camping spots, several small cabins (400 rubles (4.07 euros) per person, with outdoor washbasins and a fire pit) and a bathhouse (1000 rubles (10.18 euros) per hour), and electricity is provided by generators for a couple of hours a day. In the nearby ‘Multinsky Lakes’ mountain camp, rooms with a bathroom and a warm shower cost from 1200 rubles (12.22 euros) per day, and staying in your own tent on the territory costs 100 rubles (1.02 euros) per day.

To cross to the opposite shore of the Lower Lake, tourists use a motorboat to further access the other lakes. If there are four or more people, the cost is 350 rubles (3.56 euros) per person one way; for one to three people, it’s 1000 rubles (10.18 euros) per boat. It’s also possible to walk around the lake along the shore, about two kilometers.

The shore of the Lower Lake, which serves as the start of the route, is rocky, while the opposite shore is sandy, giving the water a turquoise hue even on cloudy days. The Shumy, the threshold where one lake flows into another, can only be crossed on foot to the Middle Lake. The Upper Lake is another five kilometers away, and a little further is the Katun Biosphere Reserve. Passes must be obtained from the game wardens (150 rubles (1.53 euros)), and a passport is required. A trail through the reserve leads to Lake Kuyguk.

Belukha is 1000 meters lower than Elbrus — the highest peak in Europe, but climbing it is considered more challenging. The mountain changes significantly each year, and the weather around the summit is very variable, with rocks falling due to glacier movements and frequent avalanches. Conquering it without mountaineering experience is not possible.

Therefore, travelers mostly go trekking to the foot of Belukha, but this also requires good physical preparation. Additionally, one must be mentally prepared for rain and cold nights. The routes can vary slightly, but usually, the entire journey takes 10–14 days. Along with guides, tourists set out from the village of Tyungur and visit Lake Ak-Kem, which reflects Belukha, the Ak-Kem Glacier, the Tekelyu Waterfall, the Valley of Seven Lakes, Kucherlinskoe Lake. Some tours include rafting on the Katun. On average, including transfers, the tour costs 25,000–30,000 rubles (254.51 – 305.41 euros).

Nature Worship. The locals greatly respect and value nature and react painfully when they encounter careless or disrespectful behavior. In June, Altaians were outraged by a video in which a Moscow blogger, for some reason, shot at the Katun River, which the indigenous people have revered since ancient times. The reaction was even sharper when a Novosibirsk company launched a mattress into the Geyser Lake with a very fragile ecosystem for an advertisement shooting.

This indignation is easy to understand, and it’s not just about the fear that the pristine beauty could be destroyed. Many Altaians still worship spirits, visit shamans, and perform traditional rituals. Nature is a cult, an animated sanctuary, and a source of pride. It is also a force with which people are closely connected, as the lifestyle of village residents remotely resembles that of their ancestors: many still engage in agriculture, hunting, and livestock breeding.

Influence of Traditions. Tourists often do not know that the colorful ribbons tied to trees in Altai are not for making wishes. Here, it is part of a religious ritual. But due to unawareness, travelers tie any piece of fabric they find to the branches, sometimes even cutting up their colorful clothing. In reality, tying ribbons is an offering to the spirits, for which people specially prepare.

The ceremonial ribbons are called ‘d’yalama’ and ‘kyira’, and they come in four colors, each symbolizing different phenomena. White symbolizes Altai faith and purity; yellow represents the sun and mountain peaks; green symbolizes plants and taiga; blue represents rivers and lakes. The ritual is performed at the new moon, in the morning or during the day. Ribbons are tied on the eastern side, in pairs — because everything on Earth has a pair. Before this, the new fabric is consecrated — fumigated with juniper. One ribbon is usually placed slightly higher as a sign that good is always stronger than evil.

The Altai people still observe old traditions, which are reflected in their daily life and creativity.

Inscriptions on Rocks. Eight thousand years ago, our ancestors left petroglyphs to pass knowledge to other generations. However, writing one’s name in paint on rocks today is of dubious value. Moreover, local volunteers struggle to restore the mountains to their original state. Since 2019, participants of the ‘Clean Altai’ project have been cleaning rocks of inscriptions along the most popular tourist routes: the passes of the Chui tract and the cliffs along the Katun, on the way to Ulagan. The work is costly and labor-intensive: there are many inscriptions, and volunteers spend hours removing paint with a sandblaster from a small area. On challenging passes like Chike-Taman, volunteers require the escort of road services due to the very steep and narrow turns.

What to Bring Back Home

Tourists usually buy honey and herbal balms based on honey, herbal teas, pantogematogen (a drink made from maral antler blood), local natural cosmetics, chocolate with pine nuts, and various cedar souvenirs. Near the passes and close to the attractions, there are always many souvenir shops. However, everything is significantly more expensive in such places, and the balms are often left in the heat for a long time, contradicting storage conditions. Therefore, it’s better to check out the same items at local markets in district centers or specialized phyto-pharmacies. In Gorno-Altaisk, such a pharmacy is located at Protocnaya Street 16/1.

Traffic Jams. During the summer, many residents from neighboring cities — Biysk, Barnaul, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Tomsk — come to the Altai Mountains to spend the weekend. Typically, they choose tourist bases and resorts near the city: Manzherok, Ayu, Biyuzovaya Katun, Chemal — places that can be visited in a day before returning for the start of a new work week. Therefore, starting from Friday evening and throughout the weekend, there is increased traffic on the Chui tract, sometimes leading to traffic jams. Serious collapses are rare, but it’s useful to know this feature to plan travel time — for example, not to miss a flight.

Wild Animals. The most common animals you’ll encounter are harmless rodents like chipmunks or squirrels, not bears. In the forests, be cautious of snakes. The likelihood of encountering a bear during a stop is very low — the brown bear is a cautious creature and usually does not want to encounter humans. In the summer of 2021, bears were spotted several times at Teletskoye Lake — where the Katun Biosphere Reserve is located. Who is more dangerous in such encounters — human to bear or bear to human — is a debatable question. In most cases, bears are scared of humans and run away, especially if the encounter occurs in a populated area .

Tick Season starts in spring and ends in autumn. Park areas and tourist bases are treated for dangerous insects, but if you plan to hike or take long walks in nature, it’s better to get vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis (the most serious disease transmitted by ticks) before the trip. The procedure usually consists of three stages. The first vaccine is given in the fall to prepare for the spring-summer epidemic, then another one in early winter. The third vaccination is done 9-12 months after the first. After that, the body will develop immunity for about three years.

If you don’t want to bother or if there’s little time before the trip, you can buy tick insurance. It’s sold by most insurance companies and costs about 400 rubles (4.07 euros). This amount can save money if you are bitten by a tick infected with encephalitis or Lyme disease. Without insurance, immunoglobulin injections for a person weighing 60-70 kilograms will cost at least 8000 rubles (81.44 euros).

Where to Stay

Accommodation in the Altai Mountains can be found to suit any taste and budget. If you go during the peak tourist season, it’s better to book accommodations in advance — at least a couple of months ahead. In Altai, the rule is – the closer to district centers, the greater the choice of comfortable accommodations.

Finding a place for a tent is not difficult. Tourists most often stay near the banks of the Katun River, where there are many organized camping sites. However, it’s most comfortable to camp on the territories of tourist bases: they are usually guarded and treated for ticks, and amenities include a bathhouse or shower. The price per person is on average about 150 rubles (1.53 euros) per day. But there won’t be much unity with nature or romantic campfire gatherings here.

The perfect combination of comfort and nature is glamping, but they usually only operate in summer. Glamping sites are often located in beautiful natural areas, and tourists stay in large tents, sleep on soft beds, and the site has showers with hot water and offers meals and organized excursions. Prices vary depending on the level of comfort. For example, a double yurt in “Ethno House Yurt” in the village of Aktash costs 1500 rubles (15.27 euros) per day, with shower and toilet in a separate building. In “Cheposh Park,” the minimum price for a double tent with a shower is about 5000 rubles (50.90 euros).

Here are a few more options: “Saikol” three kilometers from the village of Kurai, Cloud Park Altay in the Chemal district, the tent mini-hotel “Forest and Sea” in the Kosh-Agach district, and “Taigala” near Chibit.

How to Get There. In 2023, traveling from Europe or the UK to Gorno-Altaysk in the Altai Republic involves a series of connecting flights, as there are no direct flights to this destination.

One option is to fly to Istanbul, Turkey, utilizing airlines like Turkish Airlines, which offers extensive connections from various European cities. From Istanbul Airport (IST), you can then take a flight with Pegasus Airlines or Turkish Airlines to Russian cities like Moscow or Novosibirsk.

Another option is to fly to Yerevan, Armenia, with airlines such as Air France, Lufthansa, or British Airways offering flights to Zvartnots International Airport (EVN) in Yerevan. From Yerevan, you can take a connecting flight to Moscow with airlines like Aeroflot or Armenia Aircompany.

Direct flights to Gorno-Altaysk are available from Moscow, Kazan, Novosibirsk, and Krasnoyarsk. With the start of the summer tourist season, Nordwind Airlines offers direct flights from St. Petersburg. A round-trip ticket from Moscow to Gorno-Altaysk costs on average between 6000 to 15,000 rubles (61.08 – 152.71 euros). It’s also possible to fly to Barnaul (700 kilometers from Gorno-Altaysk), Novokuznetsk (800 km), or Novosibirsk (900 km), and then travel to Gorno-Altaysk by land transport. A ticket to Novosibirsk costs 5000–10,000 rubles (50.90 – 101.80 euros), plus an additional 3000 rubles (30.54 euros) for a bus and another seven hours on the road.

The nearest railway station to Gorno-Altaysk is located in Biysk, 100 kilometers away. To reach the capital of Altai, you’ll need to travel by bus or taxi. From Moscow to Biysk, the train journey takes two days, and a one-way ticket costs about 7000 rubles (71.26 euros). There are also trains from Novosibirsk and Barnaul.

These routes may involve overnight layovers, so it’s advisable to plan for potential stays in transit cities.

Getting Around the Republic. During the summer, Let 410 planes from “Siberian Light Aviation” with a capacity of 19 passengers fly to remote district centers from Gorno-Altaysk. There are flights to villages like Kosh-Agach and Ust-Koksa, with one-way tickets starting from 1500 rubles (15.27 euros). The journey takes about an hour. It’s a great opportunity to quickly reach your destination and experience flying in a small plane. Bus number 103 runs from the airport to the bus station in Gorno-Altaysk. A taxi ride would cost about 300 rubles (3.05 euros). Traveling to Kosh-Agach from Gorno-Altaysk by car takes no less than eight hours.

Daily scheduled buses run from Gorno-Altaysk to the most popular tourist destinations. The bus station does not have its own website, but it has an official Instagram account with a link to E-traffic , where you can view the schedule and buy tickets. Main destinations include Manzherok (about 120 rubles (1.22 euros)), Chemal (350 rubles (3.56 euros)), Onguday and Shebalino (400 rubles (4.07 euros)), Turochak and Artybash (500 rubles), Ust-Koksa and Multa (1000 rubles (10.18 euros)), Kosh-Agach and Tyungur (1500 rubles (15.27 euros)). An alternative is to find carpooling options on BlaBlaCar or rent a car. For example, on Booking Car , the minimum price for a car is 1700 rubles (17.31 euros) per day. Car rental services “Za Rulem” (Communist Avenue, 81, bldg. 2) and Arget (Biyskaya Street, 23) offer cars for an average of 2700 rubles (27.49 euros) per day.

When to Visit

In Altai, the climate is sharply continental: winter doesn’t hold back on frosts, and summer on heat. The weather greatly depends on the region, but in Gorno-Altaisk and the nearby villages, the warmest month is July. The average temperature is around plus 19 degrees Celsius, and heat up to plus 36 degrees can last for a couple of weeks. Nonetheless, even if traveling in the middle of summer, you should bring warm clothes. For example, the temperature on mountain passes is five to six degrees lower than on the plains.

Winter. In winter, people primarily come to Altai for picturesque landscapes and ski resorts. In Gorno-Altaisk, you can ski or snowboard on Komsomolka (402 meters) — an easy track suitable for beginners. The neighboring Tugaya mountain is designed for those with more serious sports training. But lovers of active recreation often choose ski resorts outside the city: ‘Manzherok,’ ‘Teletsky,’ or the ‘Semin Pass’ training center. Initially envisioned as a base for training athletes, it is now open to tourists.

Spring. At the end of April to early May in Altai, the red rhododendron blooms — this endangered shrub covers the mountains and rocks with bright pink flowers. Residents of nearby cities often come during the May holidays to see the bloom. There is especially a lot of rhododendron in the Mayminsky, Chemalsky, Ongudaysky districts, and beyond the Chike-Taman pass. Spring is also the best time to see waterfalls as they are full-flowing.

Summer and Autumn. In summer and autumn, there are more options available — from contemplating natural expanses to trekking in the mountains or off-roading in uninhabited areas. By mid-September, one of the main rivers, the Katun, becomes strikingly turquoise — the water changes color several times a year.

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Things to Do in Republic of Altai, Russia - Republic of Altai Attractions

Things to do in republic of altai, explore popular experiences, popular cities in republic of altai.

Top Attractions in Republic of Altai

5 Reasons You Should Visit Altai – What is special about the Altai Mountains?

Visit Altai – Altai Mountain is one of the most beautiful and under-rated tourist destinations in the world. Altai Mountain is located in Mongolia and is a site of great cultural significance. If you’re looking for an amazing travel experience, look no further than Altai Mountain!

Here are five reasons why you should visit this incredible mountain range:

1. UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE

Altai Mountain is home to some of the most incredible scenery in the world, with  towering peaks , pristine valleys, and crystal-clear rivers. The area is also home to a wealth of wildlife, including rare snow leopards and Altai argali sheep. Altai Mountain was inscribed as a  UNESCO World Heritage site  in 1998 for its natural beauty and cultural importance.

2. EXPLORE ITS ENDLESS LAKES AND RIVERS

The Altai Mountain range is home to an impressive network of rivers and lakes, making it the perfect destination for those who love to explore the great outdoors. There are endless opportunities for hiking, camping, fishing, and canoeing in Altai Mountain.

3. SNOW LEOPARD THE MOTHER OF ALTAI MOUNTAIN

The  snow leopard  is a rare and endangered species that are native to the Altai Mountain range. These beautiful animals are an important part of the local ecosystem and play a vital role in maintaining the balance of nature in the area.

4. Unique Mongolian Nomad culture

Mongolia is a country with a rich nomadic culture and history. The people of Mongolia have a deep connection to the land and their animals, and this is evident in their way of life. Visiting Altai Mountain is a great opportunity to learn more about the Mongolian people and their unique culture.

5. ITS RICH HISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGY

The Altai Mountain region has a long and rich history, dating back thousands of years. The area is home to a wealth of archaeological sites, including the ruins of the ancient city of Kharakhot.

The Altai Mountain region is also home to many traditional Mongolian villages, which offer a glimpse into the country’s past.

If you’re looking for an amazing travel experience, look no further than Altai Mountain! Whether you’re interested in its UNESCO world heritage site status, its endless lakes and rivers, or its rich history and archeology, there’s something for everyone in Altai Mountain.

So what are you waiting for? Pack your bags and head to Mongolia for an unforgettable adventure!

Suggested Tours:

MONGOLIA HORSE TREKKING TOUR 2024

MONGOLIA ALTAI MOUNTAIN TOUR (2024)

WESTERN MONGOLIA TOUR

ALTAI EAGLE FESTIVAL 2024

GOLDEN EAGLE FESTIVAL PHOTOGRAPHY TOUR (2024)

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• Description

The Altai mountains in southern Siberia form the major mountain range in the western Siberia biogeographic region and provide the source of its greatest rivers – the Ob and the Irtysh. Three separate areas are inscribed: Altaisky Zapovednik and a buffer zone around Lake Teletskoye; Katunsky Zapovednik and a buffer zone around Mount Belukha; and the Ukok Quiet Zone on the Ukok plateau. The total area covers 1,611,457 ha. The region represents the most complete sequence of altitudinal vegetation zones in central Siberia, from steppe, forest-steppe, mixed forest, subalpine vegetation to alpine vegetation. The site is also an important habitat for endangered animal species such as the snow leopard.

Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

Montagnes dorées de l'Altaï

L'Altaï, dans le sud de la Sibérie, est la principale chaîne de montagnes de la région biogéographique de Sibérie occidentale où prennent naissance les principaux cours d'eau de cette région – l'Ob et l'Irtych. Le site comprend trois aires distinctes : le Zapovednik Altaisky et une zone tampon autour du lac Teletskoïe, le Zapovednik Katunsky et une zone tampon autour du mont Belukha et la Zone de silence d'Ukok sur le plateau d'Ukok. Le site couvre au total 1 611 457 ha. Cette région représente la séquence la plus complète de zones végétales d'altitude en Sibérie centrale : steppe, forêt-steppe, forêt mixte, végétation subalpine et végétation alpine. Le site est aussi un habitat important pour des espèces animales menacées, notamment le léopard des neiges.

جبال التاي الذهبيّة

تشكل سلسلة جبال التاي جنوب سيبريا أبرز سلسلة جبال في منطقة سيبريا الغربيّة البيوجغرافيّة حيث تنبع مجاري مياه أوب وإيرتش. ويضمّ الموقع ثلاث مساحات منفصلة هي زابوفدنيك التايسكي ومنطقة عازلة في محيط بحيرة تيليتسكوي وزابوفدنيك كوتنسكي ومنطقة عازلة حول جبل بيلوخا ومنطقة أوكوك على هضبة أوكوك. ويمتد الموقع على مساحة 1.611.457 هكتار وتمثّل هذه المنطقة التتابع الأكثر اكتمالاً للمناطق النباتيّة العالية في سيبريا الوسطى: السهول الواسعة، السهول الواسعة مع الغابات، الغابات المختلطة، والنبات النامي في المناطق الجبليّة. كما يُشكّل الموقع موئل العديد من الأصناف الحيوانيّة المهددة مثل فهد الثلوج.

source: UNESCO/CPE Description is available under license CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0

位于西伯利亚南部的金山-阿尔泰山是西西伯利亚地理生态区的主要山脉，也是世界上最长的河流之一鄂毕湾的源头。总占地面积为1 611 457公顷，列入《世界遗产名录》的有三个区域：阿尔泰司基扎波伏德尼克及傣勒茨克叶湖缓冲地带、卡顿司基扎波伏德尼克及贝露克哈湖缓冲地带 、吴郭高原上的吴郭静养区。该地区向世人展示了完整的中西伯利亚标高植被。其中包括无树大草原、森林-草原交错带、混交林、次高山植被、高山苔原等。它还是雪豹等濒危物种重要的栖息地。

Montañas Doradas del Altai

Situada al sur de Siberia, la cordillera del Altai es el macizo montañoso más importante de la región biogeográfica de Siberia Occidental y la cabecera de los dos ríos más caudalosos de ésta, el Obi y el Irtich. El sitio comprende tres partes diferenciadas: la zona de Zapovednik Altaisky con un área de protección en torno al lago de Teletskoie; la zona de Zapovednik Katunsky con un área de protección en torno al monte Beluja; y la zona silenciosa de Ukok, ubicada en la meseta del mismo nombre. El sitio, que abarca una superficie total de 1.611.457 hectáreas, ofrece la secuencia más completa de zonas vegetales de altura de toda la Siberia Central: estepa, bosque-estepa, bosque mixto, vegetación subalpina y vegetación alpina. También es un hábitat de gran importancia para la conservación de algunas especies en peligro de extinción, en particular el leopardo de las nieves.

アルタイのゴールデン・マウンテン

source: NFUAJ

Gouden bergen van Altai

De Altai bergen in het zuiden van Siberië vormen de belangrijkste bergketen in de westelijke Siberische biogeografische regio. Ze zijn de bron van zijn grootste rivieren, de Ob en de Irtysj. Er behoren drie afzonderlijke plekken tot het gouden bergen gebied: Altaisky Zapovednik en een bufferzone rond het meer van Teletskoye, Katunsky Zapovednik en een bufferzone rond de berg Belukha, en de Ukok Quiet Zone op het Ukok plateau. De totale oppervlakte van deze drie plekken beslaat 1.611.457 hectare. Het landschap van Altai bevat steppe en allerlei soorten bos. Het vormt het leefgebied voor bedreigde diersoorten, waaronder het sneeuwluipaard.

Source: unesco.nl

Justification for Inscription

Criteria (x) : The Altai region represents an important and original centre of biodiversity of montane plant and animal species in northern Asia, a number of which are rare and endemic.

• Directorate of Protected areas of the Republic of Altai (in Russian only)
• Protectedplanet.net

State of Conservation (SOC)

Protections by other conservation instruments.

1 protection / 0 element

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10 must-do things in Altai Territory

The resort town of Belokurikha. Altai Krai.

1. Enjoy the nature

The resort town of Belokurikha.

Altai features almost all the natural geographical regions of Russia: steppe, forest steppe, taiga forests and mountains.

Altai landscapes are diverse: the northwest of the region is a plain, surrounded from the east and the south by the Salair Ridge and the Altai foothills.

The territory boasts 51 natural monuments, one nature park, one natural reserve and 35 zakazniks (a type of a nature reserve or a game reserve), which opens up many opportunities for eco-tourism. You can go for a hike, ride a bike or a horse, go rafting, kayaking or catamaran riding, fly on a paraglider; in winter, you can also go skiing.

2. Gain Siberian health

At the pink lake of Altai.

Thanks to the clean air, mineral springs and the steppe lakes’ curative mud, Altai Territory is considered a Siberian health resort: it hosts more than 20 operating sanatoriums. This, however, is probably not the only source of the health and longevity of the locals. Velvet antlers are yet another Altai secret. These are the removed antlers of Altai wapiti (a type of deer) that have therapeutic properties. The region has several Altai wapiti ranches that offer velvet antler baths, medication and even honey with velvet antlers.

3. Ride the Chuysky Trakt (Chuya Highway)

Driving the Chuya Highway.

This part of the R256 highway, connecting Novosibirsk to the border between Russia and Mongolia, is called the most beautiful road in Russia. Partially, it follows the stretch of a thousand-year-old path that, as it’s believed, led the Huns and the Mongols from Asia to Europe and where also the caravans of the Silk Road passed.

Right until the 20th century, the Chuysky Trakt was a pack track with dangerous narrow sections along steep cliffs. The first attempts to pave a road here were undertaken in 1901 and it was open to car traffic only in the 1930s.

The highway is popular among car and motorcycle tourists, as well as cyclists, for its picturesque views. There are campgrounds and tourist centers along the highway. The total length of the highway is 616.7 kilometers, 77 kilometers of which wind through Altai Territory.

4. Visit Denisova Cave – the Siberian cradle of humanity

Tourists at the entrance to the Denisova cave.

Findings discovered in Denisova Cave indicate that ancient humans began to settle in Altai at least 280,000 years ago. Homo sapiens altaiensis (the Altai or Denisova hominins) remains were found there – a species formerly unknown to science. After the Denisovans, 150,000 years ago, the Neanderthals also appeared there.

Archaeologists discovered more than 20 cultural layers of different eras in this cave and gathered 80,000 artifacts. Among them – tools, weaponry, ornaments and plant- and animal remains.

Denisova Cave is located in Soloneshensky District, at a height of 670 meters above sea level; its area is 270 square meters. The top part of the cave has a hole, through which light can get in. Special speleological training is not required to visit the cave, so it’s open to regular tourists.

5. Take a ride on a dog sled

There are two Siberian husky kennels in Altai Territory, as well as one mushing center, where the Alaskan Malamutes live. There, you can find out about how dog sleds are made, about how to handle one and, of course, the center will offer you the opportunity to try and ride around the village: in winter – in a sled, in summer – in a cart. The kennels’ owners claim that all their animals are very sociable, friendly and will gladly pose for photos with guests.

6. Visit Christian catacombs

The Svyato-Danilov temple complex is located in Zarinsky District. This is a network of man-made underground passages with a total length of 250 meters. It’s believed that this complex was dug up approximately in 1903-1907 by monk Daniel. The construction took 12 years of the monk’s life, with the help of only one of his pupils. In the middle of the 1920s, Daniel was slain by the village officials, who demanded the monk to surrender the temple gold for the starving people of Povolzhye (Volga Region).

Once, the temple gallery walls featured niches for religious icons and candles and the large altar room was decorated with bas-reliefs of the Virgin Mary and the Savior. In the beginning of the 21st century, the temple began to crumble, the majority of its rooms ended up buried; however, the central entrance, the altar room, the monastic cell, the “room” before the cell and a small part of the underground passages still remain, as per the Altai Territory branch of the Russian Geographical Society website .

7. Try Altai honey

Beekeeper Yevgeny Agibalov works in his bee yard in Tselinny District.

Altai honey is one of the two most famous regional honey types in Russia, along with Bashkir honey. Its value is in its “blend”: in Altai, fields are interspersed with meadows, mountainous regions and taiga, where you can find rare plants. That way, bees visit more than 400 plants.

Among the different kinds of honey, mountain honey is especially popular, prized for its therapeutic qualities. You can distinguish it from other honey types by its bitter-tart notes and its fresh, non-syrupy texture.

8. Visit Tsarsky Kurgan (the Royal Kurgan) – Altai’s Stonehenge

This roughly 2,500-year-old monument is located in Charyshsky District, not too far from the road between the Sentelek and Pokrovka villages. It’s 50 meters in diameter and two meters tall. Its name comes from its size: this is the largest kurgan in Altai Territory.

According to one version, it was an ancient observatory. According to another, chieftains and priests were buried there; perhaps, rituals were also performed there. A row of 19 stelae leads to the burial complex. The further away from the kurgan, the taller were the stelae: the closest stone pillar is just two meters tall, while the furthest one is 4.5 meters tall. These are the tallest megaliths of this kind in Altai Territory.

9. Try your luck at Siberia’s only casino

People playing the Roulette game at the Altay Palace casino in the Siberian Coin gambling zone.

Gambling is banned in Russia, except for four specially established “gambling zones”. The only Siberian gambling zone, ‘The Siberian Coin’, is located in Altai Territory. There is the ‘Altai Palace’ casino, with a capacity of 500 guests, opened back in 2014. This casino is a part of a large tourist complex with a hotel, a restaurant, a spa center and a concert venue. Apart from gambling, the entertainment offered there includes rafting, ATV excursions, horseback riding and tours to other local attractions.

10. Visit Kalashnikov’s hometown

Church in the village of Kurya.

The name of the world-famous small arms designer is more often associated with Izhevsk, where Mikhail Kalashnikov spent the majority of his life, designing dozens of prototypes of automatic weapons. Meanwhile, the engineer’s hometown is the village of Kurya in Altai Territory. His father spent a long time living in the Kuban area, from where he moved with his family to Altai under then Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin’s agrarian reform.

The Kalashnikov Memorial Museum is located in the building of the former village school, built back in 1905: the future engineer studied there.

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• Travel Guide

A Unique Adventure Destination: Siberia’s Altai Mountains

Published: September 7, 2023

Modified: December 27, 2023

by Sianna Robbins

• Plan Your Trip
• Travel Destinations
• Travel Tips
• Adventure Travel
• Cultural Immersion
• Nature Exploration
• Off The Beaten Path

Introduction

Welcome to Siberia’s Altai Mountains, a hidden gem nestled in the heart of Russia. This unique adventure destination offers a mesmerizing blend of untouched natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and thrilling outdoor activities. Tucked away from the bustling tourist crowds, the Altai Mountains provide a sense of tranquility and a chance to reconnect with nature in its purest form.

The Altai Mountains, located in the Altai Republic of Russia’s Siberian region, span across four countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China. With its soaring peaks, crystal-clear rivers, sprawling valleys, and serene lakes, this region exudes an ethereal charm that will leave you in awe.

But it’s not just the breathtaking landscapes that make the Altai Mountains a remarkable destination. The region is also home to several indigenous communities, each with its own distinct culture and traditions. Exploring their way of life and interacting with the locals will give you a unique insight into the rich tapestry of Altai’s heritage.

Whether you’re an adrenaline junkie seeking thrilling adventures or a nature enthusiast looking to immerse yourself in untouched wilderness, the Altai Mountains have something for everyone. From trekking and mountaineering to river expeditions and horseback riding, there are endless opportunities to embark on adrenaline-pumping escapades.

The Altai Mountains offer an abundance of wildlife and flora, making it a haven for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts. From elusive snow leopards and rare Altai argalis to vibrant wildflowers and ancient Siberian pine trees, the region is teeming with biodiversity. Exploring the wildlife and flora of the Altai Mountains is like stepping into a nature lover’s paradise.

Join us on a journey through the Altai Mountains as we explore its natural wonders, cultural richness, and thrilling adventures. Get ready to be captivated by the beauty of this hidden gem and embark on an unforgettable adventure that will leave you with memories to last a lifetime.

Geographical Overview

The Altai Mountains are a majestic mountain range located in southern Siberia, spanning approximately 1,200 kilometers (750 miles). This remote and unspoiled region is defined by its towering peaks, deep valleys, and pristine lakes, making it a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers.

Formed by the collision of tectonic plates millions of years ago, the Altai Mountains showcase a diverse range of geological features. The highest peak, Mount Belukha, stands at an impressive 4,506 meters (14,783 feet) and is considered one of the most challenging climbs in the area. Other notable peaks include Mount Aktru, Mount Uchitel, and Mount Tsambagarav.

The Altai Mountains are blessed with an extensive network of rivers, including the mighty Katun and Chuya Rivers, both of which offer thrilling opportunities for rafting and kayaking. These rivers wind their way through deep gorges and vast open valleys, carving a path through the rugged terrain.

One of the defining features of the Altai Mountains is its abundance of glacial lakes. Lake Teletskoye is the largest and deepest lake in the Altai region, renowned for its crystal-clear waters and awe-inspiring beauty. Lake Kucherla and Lake Aktash are also popular destinations for those seeking tranquility amidst breathtaking natural surroundings.

The Altai Mountains are a haven for biodiversity. The region is home to a remarkable array of flora and fauna, including rare and endangered species. Siberian ibex, argali sheep, lynx, and brown bears roam the mountains, while elusive snow leopards stalk their prey in the higher elevations. The landscapes are adorned with vibrant wildflowers during the summer months, creating a picturesque backdrop for outdoor adventurers.

The Altai Mountains straddle the border of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China, encompassing a unique blend of cultures and traditions. This crossroads of civilizations has left an indelible mark on the region, with influences from nomadic tribes, Buddhists, and Russian settlers evident in the customs and architecture.

With its diverse topography, rich biodiversity, and cultural heritage, the Altai Mountains have earned their place as a truly unique adventure destination. Whether you’re scaling towering peaks, navigating the rapids of a roaring river, or simply immersing yourself in the serenity of the lakes and valleys, the Altai Mountains offer an unforgettable journey into the heart of Siberian wilderness.

Cultural Significance

The Altai Mountains hold immense cultural significance, as they have been inhabited by various indigenous communities for centuries. These communities have deep-rooted traditions and a unique way of life that has been shaped by the mountains and their surroundings.

One of the most prominent indigenous groups in the Altai Mountains is the Altaians. They have a strong connection to their ancestral land and maintain a harmonious relationship with nature. The Altaians have preserved their language, folklore, and shamanic practices, offering visitors a glimpse into their ancient traditions.

Another group that adds to the cultural tapestry of the Altai Mountains is the Kazakhs. Known for their horsemanship and nomadic lifestyle, the Kazakhs have a strong presence in the region. Their traditions, including eagle hunting and yurt dwelling, highlight the unique cultural heritage of this community.

Furthermore, the Altai Mountains have historical ties to Buddhism. The region served as a gateway for the spread of Buddhism from India to Asia, and many ancient Buddhist artifacts can still be found in the area. The influence of Buddhism is visible in the architecture of temples and monasteries scattered throughout the mountains.

Visiting the Altai Mountains offers a rare opportunity to engage with these indigenous communities and learn about their unique traditions and way of life. Interacting with locals, participating in cultural activities, and attending traditional events and festivals provide a deeper understanding of the cultural richness of the region.

The Altai Mountains also hold archaeological significance, with ancient rock carvings, burial mounds, and archaeological sites scattered across the landscape. These remnants of the past offer insights into the history and spiritual practices of the people who once called the Altai Mountains home.

Embarking on a cultural journey in the Altai Mountains allows visitors to not only appreciate the natural beauty of the region but also to gain a greater understanding of the human connection to the land. It is a chance to witness the resilience and vibrancy of these indigenous cultures, preserving their traditions in the face of modern challenges.

As you explore the Altai Mountains, take the time to engage with the locals, listen to their stories, and immerse yourself in the rich cultural tapestry that makes this region so extraordinary. The cultural significance of the Altai Mountains is an integral part of the adventure, offering a unique and transformative experience for those who seek it.

Natural Beauty

The Altai Mountains are blessed with unparalleled natural beauty, showcasing a diverse range of landscapes that will leave you breathless. From snow-capped peaks and deep valleys to crystal-clear lakes and lush forests, the region is a haven for nature lovers and photographers.

One of the most striking features of the Altai Mountains is its majestic peaks. Towering over the landscape, these mountains create a dramatic backdrop for any adventure. Mount Belukha, the highest peak in the Altai Mountains, stands like a sentinel at 4,506 meters (14,783 feet) and offers a challenging climb for experienced mountaineers. The panoramic views from the summit are simply awe-inspiring.

The Altai Mountains are also home to an extensive network of rivers and lakes. The Katun River, known for its turquoise waters, meanders through deep gorges and wide valleys, offering breathtaking views at every turn. The Chuya River is another picturesque waterway that flows through the mountains, attracting rafting and kayaking enthusiasts with its exhilarating rapids.

Among the many stunning lakes in the region, Lake Teletskoye stands out as a true gem. With its crystal-clear waters surrounded by towering peaks and dense forests, it is often referred to as the “Pearl of Altai.” The lake is ideal for boating, fishing, and simply appreciating the tranquility of its natural surroundings.

As you explore the Altai Mountains, you’ll be captivated by the pristine beauty of its valleys. From the lush greenery of the Chulyshman Valley to the rugged grandeur of the Kucherla Valley, each valley offers a unique experience. Hiking through these valleys allows you to immerse yourself in the unspoiled charm of the Altai Mountains.

In addition to its mesmerizing landscapes, the Altai Mountains boast an incredible diversity of flora and fauna. The region is home to rare and endangered species, including the elusive snow leopard and the Altai argali, a type of wild sheep. The vibrant wildflowers that pepper the meadows during the summer months add a splash of color to the already stunning scenery.

Whether you’re hiking through alpine meadows, exploring dense forests, or gazing at the reflection of towering peaks in a serene lake, the natural beauty of the Altai Mountains will leave an indelible mark on your soul. It is a place where you can truly disconnect from the outside world and connect with the profound splendor of nature’s creations.

Outdoor Activities

The Altai Mountains offer a plethora of outdoor activities that cater to adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts. Whether you’re looking for adrenaline-pumping thrills or a peaceful escape in the wilderness, the region has something for everyone.

Trekking and mountaineering are popular activities in the Altai Mountains, thanks to its diverse range of peaks and trails. From the challenging ascent of Mount Belukha to scenic hikes through valleys and alpine meadows, there are options for all skill levels. As you trek through the mountains, you’ll be rewarded with breathtaking panoramic views and a profound sense of accomplishment.

River expeditions are another thrilling way to explore the Altai Mountains. Grab a paddle and navigate the rapids of the Katun or Chuya Rivers, immersing yourself in the heart of the wilderness. Whether you’re a seasoned rafter or a beginner, the adrenaline rush of conquering the whitewater is an experience you won’t soon forget.

Horseback riding is deeply intertwined with the culture and history of the Altai Mountains. Join a guided horse trek and ride through picturesque valleys and forests, channeling your inner nomad. The rhythmic sound of hoofbeats against the earth and the vastness of the mountains surrounding you create an unforgettable equestrian adventure.

During the winter months, the Altai Mountains transform into a playground for winter sports enthusiasts. Embark on cross-country skiing or snowshoeing expeditions, exploring the snow-covered landscapes at your own pace. For the more adventurous, downhill skiing and snowboarding are available at designated resorts in the region.

Camping in the Altai Mountains is a magical experience, allowing you to immerse yourself in nature’s embrace. Pitch a tent beside a pristine lake or set up camp in a secluded meadow, falling asleep under a sky filled with countless stars. Wake up to the harmonious sounds of birdsong and the crisp morning air, savoring the peacefulness of the mountains.

If you’re up for a challenge, consider wilderness survival training in the Altai Mountains. Learn essential skills like fire building, shelter construction, and foraging under the guidance of experienced instructors. This immersive experience will not only test your resilience and resourcefulness but also provide a deeper connection to the natural environment.

Adventure photography enthusiasts will find endless opportunities to capture breathtaking shots in the Altai Mountains. From sunrise over snow-capped peaks to wildlife in their natural habitats, every frame tells a story of rugged beauty and untamed wilderness. Let your camera be your guide as you explore the region, capturing moments that will transport others to the Altai Mountains’ awe-inspiring landscapes.

With its abundance of outdoor activities, the Altai Mountains beckon adventurers from all corners of the globe. Experience the thrill of conquering peaks, navigating untamed rivers, and immersing yourself in the serenity of the wilderness. The possibilities for adventure are endless in this remarkable corner of the world.

Wildlife and Flora

The Altai Mountains are a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts, offering a diverse array of animal and plant species that thrive in its pristine natural environment. From rare and endangered wildlife to vibrant wildflowers, the region is a treasure trove of biodiversity.

One of the most iconic and elusive creatures that inhabit the Altai Mountains is the snow leopard. These majestic big cats are known for their elusive nature and remarkable adaptability to the harsh mountain environment. Spotting a snow leopard in the wild is a rare and incredible experience that few are fortunate enough to witness.

The Altai Mountains are also home to the Altai argali, a type of wild sheep commonly found in the region. These majestic creatures with their massive curved horns are a sight to behold. Other notable mammals that call the Altai Mountains home include Eurasian lynx, brown bears, and Siberian ibex.

The region is a haven for birdwatchers, with over 300 species of birds recorded in the Altai Mountains. From golden eagles soaring in the skies to the colorful Siberian rubythroat flitting through the forests, bird enthusiasts will be delighted by the variety of species that can be spotted during their visit.

When it comes to flora, the Altai Mountains boast a stunning variety of plant life. Alpine meadows come alive with vibrant wildflowers during the summer months, painting the landscapes with a burst of color. Edelweiss, Siberian iris, and primroses are just a few of the many species that dot the meadows.

The region is also known for its ancient Siberian pine forests, which are some of the oldest and largest in the world. These towering trees, with their twisted trunks and dense foliage, create a mystical setting that transports you back in time. The forests are home to a rich understory of ferns, mosses, and lichens, adding to the enchanting beauty of the landscape.

The Altai Mountains are a living laboratory for botany enthusiasts, with numerous rare and endemic plant species found within its boundaries. Exploring the region’s diverse ecosystems will reveal unique and fascinating plant life, providing a deeper appreciation for the delicate balance of nature.

As you explore the Altai Mountains, keep your eyes and ears open for the incredible wildlife that calls this region home. Whether it’s catching a glimpse of a grazing Altai argali or hearing the haunting call of a golden eagle, the encounters with the wildlife and the stunning array of flora are sure to leave a lasting impression.

Indigenous Communities

The Altai Mountains are not only a haven for natural beauty but also home to several indigenous communities that have inhabited this region for centuries. These communities have a deep connection to the land and possess unique cultures and traditions that are integral to the identity of the Altai Mountains.

The Altaians are one of the main indigenous groups in the region. They have a rich and vibrant culture that is deeply rooted in their ancestral land. The Altaians have a strong spiritual connection to nature and practice shamanism, a belief system that emphasizes the interconnection between humans and the natural world. It is not uncommon to witness shamanic rituals and ceremonies that honor the mountains, rivers, and spirits that inhabit the Altai landscape.

The traditional way of life for the Altaians revolves around herding livestock, particularly horses, sheep, and goats. They are renowned for their horsemanship skills and have a deep appreciation for the horse as a sacred animal. Visitors to the Altai Mountains can experience the thrill of horseback riding with Altaians and gain insight into their traditional practices.

Another indigenous group in the Altai Mountains is the Kazakhs. They are nomadic herders who have migrated across the Central Asian steppes for centuries. The Kazakhs have a rich cultural heritage that revolves around their herding lifestyle and the strong bond they have with their animals. Eagle hunting is a traditional practice of the Kazakhs, where trained eagles are used to hunt small game. Witnessing an eagle hunt is a truly captivating experience.

Visiting indigenous communities in the Altai Mountains offers a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in their way of life. You can stay in traditional yurts, known as gers, and engage with the locals, learning about their customs, traditions, and daily routines. Participating in traditional activities such as milking livestock, making traditional crafts, or enjoying a warm cup of traditional tea with the locals provides a deeper appreciation for the cultural richness of the Altai Mountains.

The indigenous communities of the Altai Mountains play a vital role in preserving the region’s cultural heritage and sustainable practices. They are the guardians of traditional knowledge and serve as ambassadors for the unique ecological and cultural value of the Altai Mountains.

By engaging with the indigenous communities, visitors can contribute to the preservation and sustainability of their way of life. It is important to respect their customs, traditions, and natural environment while appreciating the invaluable opportunity to learn from their wisdom and experience.

Visiting the indigenous communities in the Altai Mountains is not just about witnessing their unique cultures but also about forging connections, fostering understanding, and celebrating the diversity of our human family. It is an opportunity to enrich our own lives and contribute to the preservation of these cherished traditions for generations to come.

Trekking and Mountaineering

Trekking and mountaineering in the Altai Mountains offer unforgettable adventures for outdoor enthusiasts seeking to test their limits and immerse themselves in the raw beauty of the natural landscape. With its diverse terrain and breathtaking vistas, the region provides an ideal playground for both experienced climbers and those embarking on their first exploration.

Mount Belukha, standing at an impressive 4,506 meters (14,783 feet), is the crown jewel of the Altai Mountains and a coveted destination for mountaineers. Scaling its towering peaks requires technical skills and experience, making it a challenging but immensely rewarding endeavor. The summit rewards climbers with sweeping panoramic views of the surrounding peaks, glaciers, and valleys.

For those seeking a less strenuous but equally magnificent trekking experience, there are numerous trails that wind through the Altai Mountains’ valleys and meadows. The Chulyshman Valley offers a picturesque hike along the crystal-clear Chulyshman River, surrounded by towering peaks and colorful fields of wildflowers. The Karakol Valley, with its pristine alpine landscapes, is another popular trail that leads to stunning mountain vistas.

Multi-day treks in the Altai Mountains allow adventurers to immerse themselves in the untamed wilderness. Camp under star-filled skies, traverse rugged terrain, and witness the ever-changing landscapes as you make your way through valleys, forests, and mountain passes. The challenging yet rewarding hikes will push your limits and provide a deeper connection to nature.

Guided treks in the Altai Mountains offer the opportunity to explore the region with experienced local guides who possess a wealth of knowledge about the area’s flora, fauna, and indigenous cultures. They can provide insights into the surrounding landscapes, take you off the beaten path to hidden gems, and ensure your safety throughout the journey.

It is essential to be prepared for trekking and mountaineering in the Altai Mountains. The weather can be unpredictable, so it is crucial to pack appropriate clothing, gear, and provisions for your journey. Adequate physical fitness and acclimatization to higher altitudes are also necessary to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.

Whether you’re conquering towering peaks or embarking on a scenic trek through valleys and meadows, trekking and mountaineering in the Altai Mountains offer a thrilling adventure amid breathtaking landscapes. It’s a chance to push your boundaries, connect with nature, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

River Expeditions

The Altai Mountains are blessed with a network of powerful and pristine rivers, making it an ideal destination for exhilarating river expeditions. Whether you’re an experienced whitewater enthusiast or a novice seeking a thrilling adventure, the rivers of the Altai Mountains offer an unforgettable experience.

The Katun River is a jewel in the Altai Mountains’ crown, renowned for its turquoise waters and challenging rapids. Rafting down the Katun River takes you through breathtaking gorges, dense forests, and open valleys, providing an ever-changing landscape as you navigate the rapids. With varying difficulty levels, it caters to both adrenaline-seeking experts and beginners. The adventure of conquering the rapids is matched only by the stunning beauty of the surrounding scenery.

The Chuya River is another popular destination for river expeditions in the Altai Mountains. Running parallel to the Katun River, it offers a different perspective on the region’s natural beauty. With its crystal-clear waters and thrilling rapids, the Chuya River showcases the untamed power of nature. Rafting or kayaking down this river allows you to immerse yourself in the heart of the wilderness, as you navigate through picturesque valleys and under dramatic cliffs.

River expeditions in the Altai Mountains combine the excitement of paddling through challenging rapids with moments of tranquility as you glide through calm stretches. Along the way, keep an eye out for the diverse wildlife that calls the riverbanks home, such as majestic birds of prey, playful otters, and curious deer.

For those seeking a unique river adventure, multi-day expeditions are available, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the beauty of the Altai Mountains. Set up camp on riverbanks, enjoying evenings under star-filled skies and waking up to the soothing sound of flowing water. Experience the thrill of waking up each day with a new stretch of river to conquer and a new vista of mountains to admire.

Guided river expeditions are recommended in the Altai Mountains to ensure safety and to make the most of your experience. Experienced guides will provide expert instruction, navigate the rapids, and share their knowledge of the region’s natural and cultural features. They will also ensure minimal impact on the environment and help preserve the pristine beauty of the rivers.

Whether you choose to raft or kayak, a river expedition in the Altai Mountains offers an exhilarating and awe-inspiring adventure. It is an opportunity to connect with nature, test your skills, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

Horseback Riding

Horseback riding is deeply intertwined with the culture and history of the Altai Mountains, offering a unique and authentic way to explore the region’s breathtaking landscapes. Whether you’re an experienced rider or a beginner, horseback riding in the Altai Mountains is an adventure that allows you to connect with nature and immerse yourself in the local way of life.

The Altaians, a prominent indigenous group in the Altai Mountains, have a deep connection with horses and consider them an integral part of their culture. Riding with Altaians provides an opportunity to learn about their traditional horsemanship skills and their profound relationship with these magnificent animals.

Traverse through vast open valleys, gallop along riverbanks, and navigate through dense forests as you explore the rugged terrain of the Altai Mountains on horseback. The rhythmic sound of hooves and the wind rushing through your hair create an invigorating experience as you bond with your horse and marvel at the stunning natural beauty around you.

Horseback riding in the Altai Mountains offers a sense of freedom and adventure that cannot be matched by any other means of exploration. Guided horse trekking tours are available, allowing you to venture deep into the heart of the mountains alongside knowledgeable local guides. They will ensure your safety, provide insights into the region’s flora, fauna, and cultural heritage, and take you to hidden spots off the beaten path.

Experience the nomadic lifestyle by staying in traditional yurts, known as gers, set in picturesque locations within the Altai Mountains. In the evenings, gather around a crackling campfire with fellow riders and indulge in hearty meals inspired by local cuisine, sharing stories and immersing yourself in the rich Altai culture.

Regardless of your equestrian skill level, there are horseback riding options to suit everyone in the Altai Mountains. For beginners, gentle trail rides provide an opportunity to get acquainted with horseback riding while enjoying the scenic beauty of the region. More experienced riders can embark on adventurous multi-day treks, traversing through challenging terrains and taking in breathtaking views from higher elevations.

The Altai Mountains provide a truly unforgettable horseback riding experience, allowing you to create lasting memories as you forge bonds with the horses and the natural landscapes. The combination of cultural immersion, breathtaking scenery, and the thrill of horseback riding makes this an extraordinary and transformative adventure.

Winter Sports

When the Altai Mountains are blanketed in snow, they transform into a winter wonderland, offering a variety of thrilling winter sports activities for adventure enthusiasts. Whether you’re a seasoned snow sports enthusiast or a beginner looking to try something new, the Altai Mountains provide a playground for exciting winter adventures.

Downhill skiing and snowboarding are popular winter sports in the Altai Mountains. The region offers several ski resorts with well-groomed slopes and modern facilities. From gentle beginners’ slopes to challenging runs for advanced skiers, there are options for all skill levels. Soar down the mountainsides, feeling the rush of adrenaline as you carve through the fresh powder and take in the breathtaking winter vistas.

Cross-country skiing is another popular winter pursuit in the Altai Mountains. Glide across vast snowy landscapes, reveling in the tranquility and serenity of the surroundings. The region offers a network of cross-country ski trails that cater to different skill levels, allowing you to explore the stunning winter scenery at your own pace.

Snowshoeing is an excellent choice for those who prefer a slower-paced winter adventure. Strap on a pair of snowshoes and venture into the snowy wilderness. Explore pristine forests, hike up gentle hills, and revel in the silence and beauty of the winter landscape. Snowshoeing is a fantastic way to immerse yourself in the untouched beauty of the Altai Mountains and observe wildlife tracks left in the fresh snow.

Dog sledding is a unique and exhilarating winter experience that allows you to harness the power of a team of sled dogs. Guided by experienced mushers, you’ll embark on a thrilling ride through snow-covered trails, taking in the stunning scenery from the vantage point of a sled. Feel the bond between the dogs and their musher as you glide through the winter wilderness.

The Altai Mountains also offer opportunities for ice climbing, snowmobiling, and ice fishing, providing even more winter sports adventures. Ice climbing enthusiasts can test their skills on frozen waterfalls and ice formations, while snowmobiling allows you to explore the mountains at higher speeds. Ice fishing in frozen lakes provides a unique experience, combining the excitement of the catch with the peace and tranquility of the winter landscape.

Winter sports in the Altai Mountains are best enjoyed in the company of experienced guides who can provide instruction, ensure safety, and share their knowledge of the region. They can take you to the best slopes, trails, and destinations, allowing you to make the most of your winter adventures in this snowy paradise.

Embrace the magic of winter in the Altai Mountains and indulge in thrilling winter sports activities. Whether you’re seeking an adrenaline rush or a serene winter escape, the region’s snowy landscapes provide an array of options for every winter sports enthusiast.

Camping and Wilderness Survival

For those seeking an immersive and adventurous experience in the Altai Mountains, camping and wilderness survival offer a unique way to connect with nature and experience the rugged beauty of the region. Camping in the Altai Mountains allows you to fully immerse yourself in the pristine wilderness and witness the stunning landscapes up close.

There are numerous designated camping sites throughout the Altai Mountains, offering facilities such as fire pits, picnic tables, and basic amenities. Set up your tent beside a glistening lake, nestled in a picturesque valley, or atop a scenic hill to wake up to breathtaking views each morning.

Primitive camping is also an option for those seeking a more rugged and off-the-grid experience. Pitch your tent in remote areas, where you can truly disconnect from the outside world and experience the tranquility of the wilderness.

While camping in the Altai Mountains, take the opportunity to explore the surroundings on foot. Set off on hiking trails that wind through valleys, forests, and meadows, revealing the natural wonders of the region. Capture moments of serenity as you witness stunning sunsets, star-filled nights, and the chorus of birdsong.

For the more adventurous, wilderness survival training in the Altai Mountains offers a chance to learn essential skills for thriving in the backcountry. Join experienced guides who will teach you how to build a fire, construct a shelter, identify edible plants, and navigate using natural landmarks. Engaging in wilderness survival training allows you to deepen your connection with the natural environment and gain a sense of self-reliance.

It is important to practice Leave No Trace principles while camping and to respect the fragile ecosystems of the Altai Mountains. Minimize your impact on the environment by packing out all trash, keeping a safe distance from wildlife, and following local guidelines for campfires and waste disposal.

The Altai Mountains’ beauty and tranquility can be experienced year-round, but it’s important to be prepared for the changing weather and conditions. Pack appropriate camping gear, warm clothing, and sufficient food and water supplies. Keep a map and compass or a GPS device for navigation, as some areas in the mountains can be remote and challenging to navigate.

Camping and wilderness survival in the Altai Mountains offer a chance to reconnect with nature, escape the busyness of everyday life, and deepen your understanding of self-sufficiency. Whether you choose a designated camping site or embark on a primitive camping adventure, the tranquil beauty of the Altai Mountains guarantees an unforgettable experience.

Adventure Photography

The Altai Mountains provide a captivating backdrop for photographers seeking to capture the raw beauty and untamed wilderness of the region. From towering peaks and crystal-clear lakes to dense forests and meandering rivers, the landscapes of the Altai Mountains offer endless opportunities for breathtaking adventure photography.

Whether you’re an amateur photographer or a seasoned professional, the diverse and ever-changing scenery of the Altai Mountains will inspire and challenge you. The region’s dramatic lighting conditions, from soft alpenglow at sunrise to golden hour hues, create a magical atmosphere that enhances the beauty of your photographs.

From snow-capped mountains to pristine lakes, every corner of the Altai Mountains tells a story. Capture the rugged grandeur of jagged peaks rising into the sky or frame the reflection of a mountain range mirrored in a serene lake. The vastness and untouched beauty of the landscapes provide ample opportunities for artistic expression.

Wildlife photography enthusiasts will be delighted by the abundance of animal species that call the Altai Mountains home. From elusive snow leopards and graceful ibex to soaring eagles and playful otters, the region is a treasure trove of wildlife photography opportunities. Patience and a keen eye are key when attempting to capture the magic of these creatures in their natural habitats.

The Altai Mountains also offer a glimpse into the daily lives and customs of the indigenous communities that call this region home. Candid portraits and cultural scenes provide a fascinating insight into the rich tapestry of Altai culture. Engage with the locals, learn about their traditions, and capture the essence of their way of life through your photography.

As you embark on your photography journey in the Altai Mountains, remember to seek out unique perspectives and compositions. Experiment with different angles, focal lengths, and techniques to add depth and creativity to your images. Utilize wide-angle lenses to capture sweeping landscapes and telephoto lenses to zoom in on intricate details.

Patience and observation are key to capturing the perfect shot in the Altai Mountains. Allow yourself time to study the surroundings, anticipate natural phenomena like fleeting moments of light and atmospheric conditions, and wait for the perfect moment to press the shutter.

Adventure photography in the Altai Mountains is not just about capturing beautiful images but also about experiencing the journey and immersing yourself in the wild landscapes. Take the time to appreciate the serenity and grandeur of the region, allowing nature to inspire and guide your photography.

Whether you’re a landscape enthusiast, a wildlife photographer, or a cultural documentarian, the Altai Mountains offer an extraordinary canvas for your artistic vision. Let your camera be your guide as you explore the untamed beauty of this remarkable destination, capturing moments that will transport viewers to the awe-inspiring landscapes of the Altai Mountains.

Conservation Efforts

The Altai Mountains have garnered recognition for their remarkable natural beauty and biodiversity, sparking efforts to preserve and protect this ecologically significant region. Conservation organizations, local communities, and government agencies have come together to implement various initiatives to ensure the long-term sustainability of the Altai Mountains.

One of the key conservation efforts in the region is the establishment and maintenance of protected areas. National parks and nature reserves have been created to safeguard the unique ecosystems and species that inhabit the Altai Mountains. These protected areas help to limit human impact, regulate tourism activities, and preserve the delicate balance of the natural environment.

Conservation organizations and researchers work closely with local communities to promote sustainable practices that minimize environmental degradation. Collaborative efforts focus on educating communities about the importance of biodiversity conservation, supporting sustainable livelihoods, and finding a balance between economic development and environmental stewardship.

Wildlife conservation programs in the Altai Mountains aim to protect and monitor endangered species, such as the elusive snow leopard and the Altai argali. These initiatives involve studying and tracking species, implementing anti-poaching measures, and raising awareness about the importance of wildlife conservation among local communities and visitors.

Efforts are also underway to address the impact of tourism on the environment. Sustainable tourism practices are promoted, encouraging responsible visitor behavior and minimizing the ecological footprint of tourism activities. This includes adhering to designated trails, properly disposing of waste, and respecting the natural habitats and cultural heritage of the region.

The Altai Mountains are not just a national treasure but a global one, deserving recognition and protection beyond its borders. Collaboration with international organizations and initiatives aids in the conservation efforts, as it provides access to funding, knowledge exchange, and expertise from around the world.

Additionally, research and monitoring projects help gather data on the region’s ecosystems, wildlife populations, and climate change impacts. This scientific knowledge provides a foundation for evidence-based conservation strategies and a better understanding of how to mitigate environmental threats in the Altai Mountains.

The engagement and support of local communities are crucial in successful conservation efforts. By involving communities in decision-making processes and empowering them as stewards of their own lands, a sense of ownership and responsibility is cultivated, ensuring the long-term protection of the Altai Mountains.

The conservation efforts in the Altai Mountains serve as a testament to the commitment to preserve this unique and ecologically important region. By combining scientific research, sustainable practices, community engagement, and international collaboration, the Altai Mountains can continue to thrive as a haven for biodiversity and natural beauty for generations to come.

Practical Information

Before embarking on your adventure to the Altai Mountains, there are some practical considerations to keep in mind to ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey. Here is some practical information to help you plan your trip:

Visa Requirements: Check the visa requirements for traveling to Russia well in advance of your trip. Depending on your nationality, you may need to apply for a tourist visa.

Best Time to Visit: The Altai Mountains can be visited year-round, but the best time to visit for outdoor activities is during the spring, summer, and early autumn months (May to September). Winters are cold and snowy, offering opportunities for winter sports.

Weather: The weather in the Altai Mountains can be unpredictable. Summers are generally mild with cool nights, while winters can be harsh with temperatures dropping below freezing. Pack appropriate clothing and gear according to the season and activities you plan to engage in.

Health and Safety: It is advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical expenses. Make sure to carry any necessary medication or prescriptions with you. Familiarize yourself with basic safety precautions and be mindful of the potential risks associated with outdoor activities.

Language: Russian is the primary language spoken in the region. It’s helpful to learn some basic Russian phrases or carry a language translation app to facilitate communication.

Currency: The currency in Russia is the Russian Ruble (RUB). It’s advisable to carry some local currency for small purchases or in areas where credit cards may not be widely accepted.

Transportation: The Altai Mountains can be reached by air, train, or road. The nearest major city with an international airport is Barnaul. From there, you can travel by road or take a domestic flight to reach the Altai Republic. Buses and taxis are available for local transportation.

Accommodation: There are a variety of accommodation options in the Altai Mountains, ranging from hotels and guesthouses to campsites and yurts. It’s advisable to book accommodation in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons.

Food and Water: The Altai Mountains offer a variety of culinary delights, including traditional Russian and Altai cuisine. It’s recommended to drink bottled water and be cautious about consuming food from street vendors to prevent stomach issues.

Local Customs: Respect for local customs and traditions is important. It’s recommended to dress modestly and ask for permission before taking photographs of individuals or religious sites.

By keeping these practical tips in mind, you’ll be well-prepared for your adventure in the Altai Mountains, ensuring a memorable and enjoyable experience in this stunning natural paradise.

Getting There

Getting to the Altai Mountains is an adventure in itself. Whether you prefer flying, traveling by train, or embarking on a road trip, here are some options for reaching this remote and captivating region:

By Air: The nearest major city with an international airport is Barnaul, located in the neighboring Altai Krai. From Barnaul, you can take a domestic flight to Gorno-Altaysk, the capital of the Altai Republic. Several airlines operate flights between Barnaul and Gorno-Altaysk, but it’s recommended to check the schedules and book tickets in advance.

By Train: If you enjoy scenic train journeys, traveling by train is an excellent option. The Trans-Siberian Railway connects major cities in Russia, including Novosibirsk and Barnaul. From Barnaul, you can continue your journey to the Altai Mountains by taking a bus or hiring a private car.

By Road: Road trips to the Altai Mountains are popular among adventure seekers. The journey can be part of the adventure, as you drive through picturesque landscapes and immerse yourself in the beauty of the Altai region. From Barnaul, you can take the M52 highway towards Gorno-Altaysk. It is recommended to have a reliable map or GPS device and be prepared for long drives and potentially challenging road conditions.

Local Transportation: Once you have reached Gorno-Altaysk or another town in the Altai Republic, there are various options for local transportation. Buses and minibusses, known as marshrutkas, connect different towns and villages in the region. Taxis are also available for hire, and some accommodations offer shuttle services or can help arrange transportation for you.

When planning your trip to the Altai Mountains, it’s important to consider the travel time and make allowances for weather and road conditions. It’s advisable to have a flexible itinerary and give yourself enough time to fully explore this vast and diverse region.

Immerse yourself in the stunning landscapes and embrace the adventure of reaching the Altai Mountains. The journey itself will be an unforgettable experience, setting the stage for an extraordinary adventure in one of the world’s hidden gems.

Accommodation Options

The Altai Mountains offer a range of accommodation options to suit different preferences and budgets. Whether you’re seeking comfort and convenience or a more rustic and immersive experience, there is something for everyone in this enchanting region:

Hotels and Guesthouses: In towns like Gorno-Altaysk and Belokurikha, you’ll find a variety of hotels and guesthouses. These accommodations range from budget-friendly options to more luxurious establishments, offering amenities such as comfortable rooms, restaurants, and Wi-Fi. Hotels and guesthouses provide a convenient base for exploring the surrounding areas and offer easy access to transportation and nearby attractions.

Campsites: Camping in the Altai Mountains is a popular option for those who wish to immerse themselves in nature. There are designated campsites scattered throughout the region, offering basic facilities such as fire pits, picnic tables, and restrooms. This allows you to set up your tent amidst stunning landscapes, near lakes, or along riverbanks. Camping provides a sense of freedom and tranquility, allowing you to fully appreciate the beauty of the Altai Mountains.

Yurts: Experiencing a traditional Altai lifestyle is possible by staying in a yurt, known as a ger. Yurts provide a unique and immersive accommodation experience, allowing you to connect with the local culture and traditions. You can find yurt campsites in various locations throughout the Altai Mountains, where you can sleep in a comfortable yurt, enjoy local cuisine, and participate in cultural activities arranged by the hosts.

Eco-Lodges and Guest Ranches: For those seeking a sustainable and environmentally conscious stay, eco-lodges and guest ranches offer a great option. Located amidst pristine natural surroundings, these accommodations often follow eco-friendly practices and provide an opportunity to engage with nature. They offer comfortable rooms or cabins, organic meals sourced from local ingredients, and activities like hiking, horseback riding, or wildlife observation.

Farm Stays: Farm stays or agro-tourism accommodations provide a chance to experience rural life in the Altai Mountains. Spend your nights in traditional farmhouses or cottages, and enjoy genuine hospitality from local families who open their homes to visitors. Engage in farming activities, learn about traditional craftsmanship, and savor home-cooked meals made from locally sourced ingredients.

Homestays: Homestays are a fantastic way to experience the Altai culture firsthand. By staying with local families in their homes, you can gain insights into their daily lives, traditions, and cuisine. Homestays offer a warm and welcoming environment, allowing you to truly immerse yourself in the local community and forming connections that often last beyond your visit.

Wherever you choose to stay in the Altai Mountains, it’s advisable to book accommodation in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons. This will ensure availability and allow you to better plan your itinerary. Remember to check the amenities offered, such as availability of meals, Wi-Fi, and parking facilities, based on your preferences and needs.

With a variety of accommodation options available, the Altai Mountains cater to different travel styles and provide opportunities for an authentic and immersive experience in this remarkable natural paradise.

Local Cuisine

The cuisine of the Altai Mountains reflects the region’s rich cultural heritage and the traditional ways of the indigenous communities who call this area home. Exploring the local cuisine is an essential part of immersing yourself in the Altai Mountains’ cultural tapestry. From hearty dishes to unique flavors, here are some highlights of the local cuisine:

Dairy Products: The Altai Mountains have a long-standing tradition of nomadic herding, and dairy products play a prominent role in the local cuisine. You can savor various dairy delights, including kumis (fermented mare’s milk), airan (fermented cow’s milk), and kurt (dried cheese curds). These products are not only delicious but also provide a refreshing and nutritious treat.

Meat Dishes: Meat dishes are a staple of Altai cuisine. Must-try specialties include kazy (horse sausage), beshbarmak (boiled meat served with noodles and onion sauce), and lagman (hand-pulled noodles stir-fried with meat and vegetables). These hearty and flavorsome dishes provide a taste of the region’s nomadic heritage.

Russian Influence: Due to the region’s proximity to Russia, traditional Russian dishes have also found their way into the Altai Mountains’ culinary landscape. You can indulge in classics like borscht (beet soup), pelmeni (dumplings filled with meat or vegetables), and kasha (buckwheat porridge). These dishes add a dash of Russian flavor to the Altai cuisine.

Wild Berries and Mushrooms: The Altai Mountains are home to a rich variety of wild berries and mushrooms, which are often harvested and used in local dishes. Lingonberries, blueberries, cloudberries, and raspberries add a burst of flavor to desserts, jams, or even savory dishes. Mushrooms, such as boletus and chanterelles, are foraged and incorporated into traditional recipes.

Bread and Pastries: Bread holds a special place in Altai cuisine. The region is known for its delicious, freshly baked bread made from locally grown grains. Try out lepyoshka, a round or oval-shaped bread, or golubtsy, savory cabbage rolls filled with a combination of meat and rice. Pastries like piroshki (filled buns) and nalimsky kulesh (potato-based pie) are also popular treats.

Tea Drinking Culture: Tea holds immense cultural significance in the Altai Mountains. The region is known for its herbal teas made from locally grown plants and herbs, such as thyme, St. John’s wort, mint, and chamomile. Tea ceremonies are a cherished tradition, symbolizing hospitality and friendship. Don’t miss the chance to partake in a traditional tea ceremony and sample the local herbal teas.

When visiting local restaurants or staying in homestays, be open to trying traditional Altai dishes and exploring the unique flavors of the region. Local markets and street food stalls are excellent places to sample authentic cuisine and interact with locals who can guide you in discovering the best culinary experiences.

Embrace the flavors of the Altai Mountains and let the local cuisine take you on a delightful journey of taste and tradition, adding an extra layer of cultural immersion to your adventure in this captivating region.

Safety Tips

When venturing into the Altai Mountains, it’s important to prioritize safety to ensure a smooth and enjoyable experience. Here are some key safety tips to keep in mind as you explore this stunning region:

Research and Plan: Before your trip, research the area, including weather conditions and terrain. Plan your itinerary accordingly and be aware of any potential hazards or challenges you might encounter along the way.

Take a Guide: Consider hiring a local guide who is familiar with the area. They can provide valuable insights, navigate challenging trails, and ensure your safety throughout your journey.

Inform Others: Let someone know about your travel plans, including your intended routes and expected return time. This ensures that there’s someone who can raise an alarm if you fail to return as scheduled.

Pack Proper Gear: Dress in layers and carry appropriate clothing for the weather conditions. Don’t forget to bring sturdy footwear, a hat, sunscreen, insect repellent, and essentials like a map, compass, flashlight, and first aid kit.

Respect Wildlife: Observe wildlife from a safe distance and avoid approaching or disturbing them. Do not feed or attempt to touch any animals you encounter. Respect their habitats and adhere to guidelines for responsible wildlife viewing.

Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated, especially in warmer months or during strenuous activities. Carry a sufficient supply of water with you when exploring remote areas.

Know Your Limits: Be aware of your physical fitness level and choose activities that suit your abilities. Do not overexert yourself and take regular breaks to rest and recharge.

Stay on Marked Trails: Stick to designated paths and trails to minimize the risk of getting lost or encountering hazardous areas. Straying from marked routes can have serious consequences in unfamiliar terrain.

Weather Awareness: Be prepared for changing weather conditions, especially in mountainous areas. Check weather forecasts before your trip and be ready to adjust your plans accordingly. Avoid venturing out in severe weather or during inclement conditions.

Follow Local Regulations: Respect local customs, traditions, and regulations. Familiarize yourself with any guidelines or restrictions related to camping, fires, wildlife encounters, and waste disposal. Leave no trace and ensure you’re a responsible visitor.

By following these safety tips, you can navigate the Altai Mountains with confidence and experience the beauty of the region with peace of mind. Prioritizing safety allows you to fully enjoy your adventure and create lasting memories in this remarkable natural wonderland.

The Altai Mountains stand as a truly unique adventure destination, captivating travelers with its untouched natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and thrilling outdoor activities. Nestled in the heart of Russia, this hidden gem offers a diverse range of landscapes, from majestic peaks and serene lakes to lush valleys and meandering rivers. Immersing yourself in the Altai Mountains provides an opportunity to reconnect with nature, explore the traditions of indigenous communities, and embark on unforgettable adventures.

Whether you choose to trek through rugged terrains, navigate exhilarating rapids, ride horses amidst stunning landscapes, or simply immerse yourself in the tranquility of the wilderness, the Altai Mountains have something for everyone. This region is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, nature lovers, and those seeking a break from the hustle and bustle of modern life.

As you journey through the Altai Mountains, the natural beauty will take your breath away. You’ll witness the majesty of towering peaks, the clarity of crystal-clear lakes, and the vibrant hues of wildflowers cascading across meadows. The region’s rich cultural heritage, from the traditions of the Altaians to the nomadic practices of the Kazakhs, adds depth and authenticity to your experience.

Preserving the Altai Mountains for future generations is of paramount importance. Conservation efforts, collaboration with local communities, and sustainable tourism practices ensure the longevity of this ecological and cultural treasure. By respecting the environment and engaging with local customs and regulations, we can contribute to the preservation of the Altai Mountains’ natural wonders.

As you bid farewell to the Altai Mountains, take with you the memories of awe-inspiring landscapes, heart-pounding adventures, and the warm hospitality of the local communities. The Altai Mountains will forever hold a special place in your heart, beckoning you to return and explore more of its hidden wonders.

The Altai Mountains are a testament to the extraordinary beauty and diversity our planet has to offer. Embark on your own adventure in this remarkable destination, and let the Altai Mountains ignite your spirit of exploration, nurture your love for nature, and leave you with memories that will last a lifetime.

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Introduction

Breathtaking natural wonders, crystal-clear blue lakes and magnificent mountains are the main attractions of Altai. Every year, up to one million tourists come to admire them. The most popular trips include hiking, equestrian sports, rock climbing, hunting, fishing, visiting caves, rafting, etc.

Historical Overview

People began to settle in Siberia more than 40 000 years ago. Hunting tribes had been formed by the end of the glacial period. To hunt animals, people had to invent new tools. The sites of the primitive people of the Neolithic age were found in the Ob valley near the village of Kiprino. A huge state of the Huns was formed in the 3rd century BC. Later, the tribes of Altai were formed in the course of nomadic migrations, internecine wars and the mixing of tribal unions.

The Golden Horde yoke attacked the Altai tribes in 1206-1207. It was a difficult time for the Altaians. The Mongol-Tatar conquerors took all the grain and cattle for their troops, weakening the forces of the Altai people. Later, the princedoms separated from the Golden Horde located to the east of the Urals, forming the White Horde which in the 15th century was divided into the Nogai Horde and the Siberian Khanate. Until the 16th century, the Altai tribes were under the rule of the Mongolian khans. The defeat of the Siberian Khanate in the course of the conquest of Siberia by Ermak marked the beginning of the annexation of Siberian tribes, including the Altai tribes, to Russia. However, the West Mongolian tribes took advantage of the lack of proper fortifications on the Siberian lands conquered by Russia and continued to raid the Altai tribes. The Mongolian forces decided to retreat, but at the same time, they took the Altaians with them. Only a few people managed to hide in the mountains and taiga.

In 1756, the Altai slaves managed to break free, returned to the Altai and voluntarily joined Russia. Soviet power was established in 1919. The republic has its own constitution, adopted on 7 June 1997, and a flag and coat of arms. Russian and Altaic are two official languages of the Republic. Today, the indigenous peoples in Altai are divided into southern Altaians (Telengits, Teleuts) and northern Altaians (Kumandin, Chelkans, Tubalars).

Barnaul is the administrative centre of the Altai territory. It’s located on the left bank of the Ob River. The city was founded in 1730. In the middle of the 18th century, it began to develop as a mining settlement. The railway was built in 1915. It influenced the development of the economy of the city and the region. Today, Barnaul is a major industrial, cultural and transport centre of the Altai Republic.

Biysk is the second largest industrial centre of the Altai, founded by the Decree of Peter I in 1709. It is a large educational and cultural centre of the region. The railway track of the Turkestan-Siberian railway, which connects Eastern and Western Siberia, passes through the city. The famous Chuya Highway starts at Biysk and ends in Mongolia, in the village of Tsaganur. The main industries are chemical power engineering, machine building and metalworking.

Where to Stay

If you decide to explore Altai, forget about luxury 5-star hotels and fancy restaurants. Tourists usually start their journey in Barnaul, Biysk and Gorno-Altaysk, and then move to the camping sites and small mountain settlements near the lakes and waterfalls. You can book any campsite through Booking, Airbnb or other similar websites. Have a look at Zolotye Peski, Camlak, Tydtuyaryk, Raft-Premier and Lyubava. When in Barnaul, you can book Hotel Sibir, Hotel Tourist or Hotel Prestige. In Biysk, have a look at Art-eco-hotel Altai, Mini Hotel Praga, Forsage Hotel or SV Hotel.

Bars and Restaurants

Most campsites serve simple traditional cuisine like borshch (beet soup), pelmeni (dumplings), meat with fried potatoes and hearty salads. The best restaurants in Barnaul are Pozharka, Iyroglif, Velvet, Gold of Packard and Ku-Ku Dym. If you decide to stay in Biysk before going to a campsite, visit Kalina Krasnaya, Burger Room or Pancake Bar.

What to See

• Teletskoye Lake is one of the main attractions in Altai, which attracts tourists and travellers from all over the world. This place is a shrine for many Asian peoples, a temple of virgin wildlife, a place of power, and one of the 15 deepest lakes on the planet with its crystal-clear water. Teletskoye Lake is a unique natural complex of our planet which is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites.
• Chuya Highway is the well-known M-52 highway which runs along the Novosibirsk-Biysk-Tashanta route. It’s the main transport route in Altai, which starts at the bridge across the Biya River, passes through the Altai Territory and ends at the border with Mongolia. The length of the highway is 953 km. You will see picturesque Aya Lake, Babyrgan Mountain, Tavdinsky Caves and other natural attractions along the way.
• Shavlinsky lakes are very popular for their stunning virgin natural beauty. Numerous tourist companies from nearby cities organise mountains trips. Tours usually start from the village of Chibit, near the Chuya Highway. These are long routes for travellers who want to see the real natural magic of Altai.
• Belukha Mountain is the highest two-headed peak in Altai and Siberia, located in the eastern part of the Katunsky Range. It consists of the Western Belukha (4440 m) and Eastern Belukha (4506 m). The territory belongs to the Belukha natural park. The tracking route is quite difficult, so you will need a guide and appropriate equipment. The most difficult route is from the north, a steep section of the northern side of Belukha, between the eastern and western peaks.
• The Kamyshlinsky and Korbu waterfalls are magnificent places and a paradise for photographers.
• The Golden Mountains of Altai is the name of the area included in the UNESCO List. The total area is more than 16 000 sq.km. It consists of the Ukok plateau and two natural reserves, Altai and Katun. You will be fascinated by these significant places with their unique animal world and rare species. In addition, there are some historical sights, for example, the Pazyryk burial grounds.
• Manzherok Lake is located on the right bank of the Katun River. The depth of the lake does not exceed 3 m. Visitors love Manzherok for its pristine beauty and clean beaches.
• Katu-Yaryk Pass and Seminsky Pass are among the most difficult passes in the Altai Mountains. In fact, it is a steep descent from the Ulagan plateau to the valley of the Chulyshman River. They are passable only by high-powered four-wheel-drive vehicles, but at the beginning of the ascent, a tractor is always on duty to assist.

As mentioned above, Barnaul and Biysk are the region’s main transport hubs. The fastest way to get to Altai is a flight to Barnaul or Gorno-Altaysk. You can also go by train or by car, but the journey will take you 60-62 hours from Moscow. You can get to a campsite by bus, taxi or car (use Chuya Highway M-52, М-7, М-5 and М-51). Some campsites offer group transfers. You can also use buses to the most remote villages: to Chemal (twice a day), to Multa if you travel to Multinsky Lakes (every other day) or to Tungur if you are going to the main peak of the Altai.

Understand [ edit ]

The region borders Kemerovo Oblast to the north, Khakassia to the northeast, Tuva to the east, Mongolia to the southeast, China to the south, Kazakhstan to the southwest, and Altai Krai to the northwest.

The people of this republic are mainly ethnic Altais, a Turkic ethnicity. The following a wide variety of religions including Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism and Buddhism. Thus, this region is Russia's most religiously diverse.

The modern Altai economy is based largely upon agriculture, but nowadays the tourism industry has undergone an exponential growth. Despite the rapid growth of tourism, the region is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped places in Russia.

Cities [ edit ]

• 51.96 85.96 1 Gorno-Altaisk
• 51.411111 86.005 2 Chemal

Other destinations [ edit ]

Altaisky Nature Reserve along with the Katun Nature Reserve and the Ukok Plateau Nature Refuge were listed as one of UNESCO World Heritage Sites under the name "Golden Mountains of Altai"

• 51.904167 85.853611 4 Lake Aya

Talk [ edit ]

The Altai are a Turkic ethnic group closely related to Kazakhs and speak their own language of Altai. Altai and Kazakh are the official languages, along with Russian, of the Altai Republic. However, Russian is spoken nearly universally.

Get in [ edit ]

Altai Republic has no railway and one mid-sized airport in Gorno-Altaisk ( RGK  IATA ) ( located 9 km to the west ). There are regular flights from Moscow and some other Russian cities.

Another good way is to get a marshrutka or bus from Biysk or Barnaul . Taxi from Biysk is quite cheap too.

Get around [ edit ]

Marshrutka is the most common way of public travel there. It is a type of taxi, which goes once it gets full. Information about routes can be found at the bus station in Gorno-Altaisk. Locals don't tend to know information about buses and marshrutkas (May 2021) and it may be difficult travel that way along the Chuysky Highway.

Hitchhiking is quite common too. Sometimes you can stop even a child on a horse. Alternatively, you can rent a car in Gorno-Altaisk or Barnaul.

Mountain climbing [ edit ]

For serious mountaineers and hikers, there are two mountains to consider. Permits must be arranged weeks or months in advance.

• Belukha - get there via Ust-Koksa.
• Aktru - get there via Kurai. Blue Lake is accessible from base camp and doesn't require a permit.

Hiking [ edit ]

• Mount Sinyukha near Manzherok
• Mount Sarlyk near the Seminsky pass
• Karakol Lakes near Elekmonar (5 km north of Chemal)

There are plenty of options for day and multi-day hikes all around the region.

Eat [ edit ]

Eat at cafes, which are cheap and quite good. Cafes are common all around Russia, even in small villages.

Drink [ edit ]

Stay safe [ edit ].

• Be aware of ticks, mainly in summer.
• The region is prone to earthquakes.

Stay healthy [ edit ]

Tap water is considered unsafe for drinking, and should be avoided. Being one of Russia's poorest regions, only 60% of the area's population has access to safe drinking water. Sanitize all water, and drink only water that is bottled.

Hospitals are well equipped and the staff are well trained, but good quality health care in Altai is virtually non-existent. Most of the hospitals are equipped with neglected technology, and serious operations are seemingly impossible to do here.

Go next [ edit ]

Cross the border into Mongolia and visit Bayan-Ulgii Province , its capital, Ölgii , has a large Kazakh population living much the same way they did 100 years ago. Also visit Altai Tavan Bogd National Park and Tsambagarav National Park to enjoy large snow-capped mountains, petroglyphs, Turkic Stone Men, and Kazakh Eagle Hunters .

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The Altai mountains are situated in Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and a small part in China. It is the centre of Eurasia where Siberia and Central Asia comes together, which makes it an unique location with many options and almost no other place is similar to this.

We offer you tours to Russian Altai, which is located in 2 regions: the Altai Republic and Altai krai .

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