travel to mexico vaccines

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• Section 10 - Jamaica
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CDC Yellow Book 2024

Author(s): Sonia Montiel, Alba Phippard, Kathleen Moser

Destination Overview

Infectious disease risks, environmental hazards & risks, safety & security, availability & quality of medical care.

Mexico, the second most populous country in Latin America (population >120 million), is the country most often visited by US tourists. Many US residents, particularly in the border region, frequent Mexico to visit friends and relatives, contributing to the nearly 200 million US–Mexico land border crossings annually. The capital, Mexico City, is one of the world’s largest cities (population >20 million) and is a popular destination for business and mass gathering events.

Mexico’s diverse geography throughout its 32 states attracts travelers for nature, recreation, and sport ( Map 10-09 ). The country’s rich history, diverse cuisine, and proud culture reflects its pre-Columbian and Hispanic past. In the past decade, travelers to Mexico have increasingly sought health and wellness services throughout the country.

Map 10-09 Mexico

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All travelers should be up to date on their routine immunizations. Varicella is endemic to Mexico, and measles and mumps outbreaks in Mexico have coincided with worldwide and regional outbreaks. Hepatitis A is also endemic to Mexico; visitors should receive ≥1 dose of the hepatitis A vaccine series before travel.

Enteric Infections & Diseases

Isolated cases and outbreaks of Vibrio cholera occur occasionally in Mexico. Risk for infection is low, however, and cholera vaccination is not recommended for travelers to Mexico.

Giardia is endemic throughout the world. In addition to drinking water precautions, remind travelers to avoid swallowing water when swimming or wading in recreational waters, including pools and lakes (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 12, Giardiasis ).

Taeniasis & Cysticercosis

Taeniasis in humans, a tapeworm infection, is caused by ingestion of the eggs of 3 Taenia parasite species in raw or undercooked beef or pork (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 22, Taeniasis ). Taeniasis can present as a mild or asymptomatic intestinal infection. Cysticercosis, a more serious infection of muscle, brain, or other tissues, is caused by ingestion of the larval cysts of Taenia solium excreted by human carriers (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 6, Cysticercosis ). Over months to decades, the infection can progress to neurocysticercosis, a rare but potentially disabling or fatal infection. T. solium is endemic to Mexico. Undercooked vegetables contaminated with T. solium larvae could be the major source of cysticercosis infection.

Travelers’ Diarrhea

Travelers’ diarrhea commonly affects visitors to Mexico. Education is key to prevention; provide travelers with instructions on safe food and water precautions (see Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Food & Water Precautions ). Remind travelers that tap water in Mexico is not potable; that they should avoid consuming unpasteurized, often artisanal, dairy products, particularly soft or fresh cheeses; and that they should avoid eating raw or undercooked meat or fish, leafy greens, or raw vegetables. For further information about travelers’ diarrhea, see Sec. 2, Ch. 6, Travelers’ Diarrhea .

Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is endemic to Mexico and can be life-threatening (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 24, Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever ). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that most travelers to Mexico get the typhoid vaccine, especially people planning to stay with friends or relatives, and those visiting smaller cities or rural areas. Vaccinated travelers also should follow food and water precautions to prevent typhoid fever and other enteric infections.

Respiratory Infections & Diseases

Coronavirus disease 2019.

All travelers going to Mexico should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines .

Endemic Fungi

Coccidioides is endemic to the soil of northwestern Mexico and Histoplasma is found mainly in Mexico’s central and southeast regions (see Sec. 5, Part 4, Ch. 1, Coccidioidomycosis / Valley Fever , and Sec. 5, Part 4, Ch. 2, Histoplasmosis ). Anyone planning to participate in soil disrupting activities (e.g., construction or farming) should be aware of the risks for and symptoms of fungal lung infection, and practice mitigation techniques. For prevention measures, see the NIOSH Valley Fever and Histoplasmosis .

Influenza strains circulate in Mexico, just as they do in the United States. Pretravel influenza vaccination ≥2 weeks before departure is a prudent health protection measure.

Legionnaires’ Disease

Consider legionellosis in the differential diagnosis of travelers who develop pneumonia within 14 days of travel, especially older and immunocompromised people (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 9, Legionnaires’ Disease & Pontiac Fever ). Travel histories for people returning from Mexico who were diagnosed with Legionnaires’ disease periodically identify associations between the disease and stays at specific hotels and resorts in Mexico.

Tuberculosis

Mexico is considered a moderate-incidence country for tuberculosis (TB). TB incidence in Mexico is lower than in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe, but incidence is several-fold greater than in the United States. Help travelers determine their potential for exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Risk for infection is greatest among people intending to remain in Mexico ≥6 months; anyone planning to work in places where they could be exposed to patients with untreated TB (e.g., drug rehabilitation centers, health care settings, prisons, shelters); people planning extended or frequent visits home to spend time with friends and relatives; or people eating unpasteurized dairy products (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 22, Tuberculosis ).

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV

HIV prevalence in Mexico is low, except among high-risk populations (e.g., sex workers, injection drug users, men who have sex with men). Other sexually transmitted infections, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, also are more prevalent in these populations. Travelers should avoid condomless sex with unknown or unfamiliar partners (condoms are easily available for purchase in Mexico) and injection drug use.

For people expecting to stay in Mexico ≥6 months, medical tourists, or anyone who might be exposed to blood or other body fluids, including through sexual contact, hepatitis B vaccine is recommended.

Soil- & Waterborne Infections

Cutaneous larva migrans.

More remote (i.e., less visited) beaches pose a risk for cutaneous larva migrans (CLM), a creeping skin eruption commonly associated with dog hookworm infection (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 4, Cutaneous Larva Migrans , and Sec. 11, Ch. 8, Dermatologic Conditions ). Resort areas implementing stray cat and dog removal programs have reduced the chances of infection on their beaches. CLM is preventable by wearing shoes and avoiding direct skin contact with soil and sand.

Vectorborne Diseases

Arboviruses: chikungunya, dengue & zika.

Counsel all travelers to Mexico, including those visiting friends or relatives frequently or for extended periods, to take steps to prevent mosquito bites by using insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and staying in accommodations with air conditioning or screens (see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Chikungunya has been reported in Mexico since 2014 (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 2, Chikungunya ). Dengue is endemic throughout Mexico; virus transmission is a risk year-round, and large outbreaks occur periodically (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 4, Dengue ). Zika also is a risk in Mexico (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 27, Zika ). Because of the risk for birth defects in infants born to mothers infected with Zika during pregnancy, people who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant, and their sex partners, should be aware of the most recent CDC recommendations .

Leishmaniasis

Sand flies that transmit cutaneous leishmaniasis are found in southern Mexico and along parts of both the Pacific and Gulf coasts (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 14, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ). Risk for infection is greatest for ecotourists, field biologists, and long-term travelers. Travelers can reduce their risk for sand fly bites by avoiding outdoor activities at night, wearing protective clothing and applying insect repellent to exposed skin and under the edges of clothing; and sleeping in air-conditioned or well-screened areas.

Dramatic decreases in malaria incidence in recent decades mean risk for infection among travelers to Mexico is low. Major resorts are free of the disease, as is the US–Mexico border region. Plasmodium vivax malaria prophylaxis is currently recommended only for travelers going to Chiapas and the southern part of Chihuahua (see Sec. 2, Ch. 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine and Malaria Prevention Information, by Country ). Mosquito avoidance (but not chemoprophylaxis) is recommended for travelers visiting Campeche, Durango, Nayarit, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tabasco.

Map 2-10 Malaria prevention in Mexico

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Rickettsial Disease

In Mexico, rickettsial diseases include tickborne Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), which potentially is fatal unless treated promptly with a tetracycline; and fleaborne typhus, a disease with dengue-like symptoms (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 18, Rickettsial Diseases ). Mexico’s large urban and rural stray dog population is a reservoir for the RMSF vector, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick. Risk for infection is greatest among people who have contact with dogs, and visitors to grassy, brushy, or wooded areas, particularly in states along the US–Mexico border, including Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, and Coahuila. Provide travelers with information about how to avoid flea and tick bites, both indoors and outside (Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, transmitted by triatomine insects infected with Trypanosoma cruzi , is endemic throughout Mexico (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 25, American Trypanosomiasis / Chagas Disease ). In 2017, the national incidence was reported to be 0.70 cases (<1 case) per 100,000 population, varying by year and state. Most cases occur along the Pacific Coast and the Gulf of Mexico, and in central and southern Mexico. The risk for travelers is believed to be extremely low; risk might be heightened for travelers staying in poor-quality housing in endemic regions.

Air Pollution

Air pollution in Mexico City has decreased in recent years. It can still be particularly severe during the dry winter months, however, exacerbating asthma and aggravating chronic lung and heart conditions (see Sec. 4, Ch. 3, Air Quality & Ionizing Radiation ).

Altitude Illness

Mexico City is over a mile high (2,250 m; 7,382 ft). Healthy travelers coming from lower elevations and people with heart and lung conditions might require an acclimatization period (see Sec. 4, Ch. 5, High Elevation Travel & Altitude Illness ).

Animal Bites

In late 2019, the World Health Organization declared Mexico free from human rabies transmitted by dogs. Other animals, including bats, coatis (also known as coatimundi, cholugo, moncún, or tejón), coyotes, foxes, and skunks, are reported carriers of rabies virus. Preexposure rabies prophylaxis is recommended for adventure travelers, ecotourists, field biologists, and others participating in activities where they are at increased risk for wildlife exposure, and also for those visiting less developed, remote areas of the country where access to medical care is limited. Rabies immune globulin for postexposure prophylaxis is available in Mexico (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 18, Rabies ).

Scorpions, Snakes & Other Venomous Wildlife

When visiting rural areas or participating in outdoor activities, especially during spring and summer, travelers should be aware of Mexico’s diverse venomous creatures. Injuries and deaths caused by Centruroides genus (bark) scorpions have been reported from states along the Pacific Coast and in the central states of Durango, Guanajuato, State of Mexico, and Morelos. Other potential exposures include bites from pit vipers ( Agkistrodon , Bothrops , and Crotalus spp.), coral snakes ( Micruroides spp.), and spiders ( Latrodectus and Loxosceles spp.), and stings from fire ants, bees, and wasps (see Sec. 4, Ch. 7, Zoonotic Exposures: Bites, Stings, Scratches & Other Hazards ). Antidotes and antivenoms are available at some locations in Mexico.

Beach & Ocean Exposures

Sargassum seaweed.

Sargassum (brown seaweed) season occurs during the warmer months, typically April–August along Mexico’s Caribbean coastline. Exposure to decomposing seaweed can result in difficulty breathing, headaches, nausea, and skin eruptions called “swimmers’ dermatitis.” Advise travelers to avoid direct skin exposure to Sargassum seaweed and, if exposed, to rinse themselves with copious amounts of fresh water and to seek medical attention if they experience respiratory trouble.

Climate & Sun Exposure

Mexico’s climate varies by region, season, and elevation. Longer wavelength ultraviolet (UV) A and shorter wavelength UVB rays intensify at southern latitudes. Travelers engaging in outdoor activities should use broad-spectrum sunscreen (readily available for purchase in Mexico) and use caution with prolonged or repetitive sun exposure to avoid sunburn (see Sec. 4, Ch. 1, Sun Exposure ).

Natural Disasters

Earthquakes.

Sitting atop 3 large tectonic plates, Mexico is one of the most seismically active countries in the world; 80% of earthquakes are registered in the southeastern region. Travelers should follow the audible earthquake early warning system and evacuation instructions, typically posted in large buildings.

Hurricane season extends from mid-May–November. Travelers, especially to coastal regions, should be alert to weather reports. After tropical storms or hurricanes, travelers should be mindful of the potential increased incidence of diarrheal illnesses and mosquito-borne diseases.

Toxic Exposures

Lead can be present in traditional Mexican pottery. Although many traditional potters have switched to lead-free glazes, their kilns might remain contaminated from past use. Lead can leach into food and into beverages prepared, stored, and served in these dishes. The effects of lead poisoning depend on the amount and duration of exposure, and the age of the person intoxicated. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) strongly advises against using pottery with leachable lead for cooking, serving, or storing food and drink. Lead-testing kits can help assess safety.

Occasional reports of severe mercury poisoning associated with use of Mexican skin-lightening creams should serve as a warning against the purchase of any cosmetics that claim to treat acne, lighten the skin, or fade freckles or age spots.

Although travel to Mexico is generally considered safe, thefts and robberies do occur, and drug-related violence exists (see Sec. 4, Ch. 11, Safety & Security Overseas ). Travelers should consult the US Department of State website for relevant safety and security alerts pertaining to their intended destinations within Mexico.

Political Unrest

Frequent protests occur in the big cities. Demonstrations are usually peaceful but can be large and worsen already congested traffic. When possible, travelers should avoid protests and the surrounding areas.

Traffic-Related Injuries

Injuries, not infectious diseases, pose the greatest life threat to healthy travelers in Mexico. In one review, about half (51%) of all US traveler deaths in Mexico were injury-related, with 18% due to motor vehicle crashes (see Sec. 8, Ch. 5, Road & Traffic Safety ). Mexico’s highway system and roads are mostly modern, well-maintained, and safe. Toll highways are often of higher quality. Nevertheless, driving in city traffic and at night through the countryside can be dangerous. Remind travelers to use seat belts when riding in cars. Helmet use when riding a bicycle or motorbike is highly recommended, although not strictly enforced.

Good health care is available in most cities in Mexico, and tourist hotels and resorts usually have physicians available. Payment (cash or credit card) might be required before any care is given. Most providers do not accept US health insurance or Medicare/Medicaid plans.

Medical Tourism

Many US residents visit Mexico to receive health services. Medical tourists going to Mexico primarily seek cosmetic surgery, dental, and eye care services from providers in northern border cities. Increasingly, a complete range of services and specialized procedures for medical tourists are being made available in Cancún, Guadalajara, Mérida, Mexico City, Monterrey, and Tijuana, cities that feature a more robust infrastructure.

Some people who travel to Mexico for medical care have become infected with antimicrobial- resistant strains of bacteria not commonly found in the United States (see Sec. 11, Ch. 5, Antimicrobial Resistance ). In 2019, for example, CDC warned medical tourists against having invasive medical procedures performed in specific hospitals and cities due to risk for infection with carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. People considering travel to Mexico for medical procedures are advised to consult with a US health professional ≥1 month before departure and to verify provider qualifications and facility credentials in Mexico. Local standards for facility accreditation and provider certification differ from those in the United States. Make potential medical tourists aware of the additional inherent risks associated with surgery, medical procedures, and traveling while being treated for a medical condition or during recovery (see Sec. 6, Ch. 4, Medical Tourism ).

Many people also travel to Mexico to purchase more affordable prescription drugs. The FDA recommends only purchasing medications from legal sources in the United States because the safety and effectiveness of drugs purchased in other countries cannot be assured (see Sec. 6, Ch. 3, . . . perspectives: Avoiding Poorly Regulated Medicines & Medical Products During Travel ). The agency has posted guidance regarding the importation of drug or device products into the United States from other countries.

The following authors contributed to the previous version of this chapter: Margarita E. Villarino, Sonia H. Montiel, Kathleen Moser

Bibliography

Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME, Dumonteil E, Buekens P. The Gulf of Mexico: a “hot zone” for neglected tropical diseases? PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(2):e0003481.

Ibáñez-Cervantes G, León-García G, Castro-Escarpulli G, Mancilla-Ramírez J, Victoria-Acosta G, Cureño-Díaz M, et al. Evolution of incidence and geographical distribution of Chagas disease in Mexico during a decade (2007–2016). Epidemiol Infect. 2018;147:e41.

Kracalik I, Ham C, Smith AR, Vowles M, Kauber K, Zambrano M, et al. Notes from the field: Verona integron- encoded metallo-β-lactamase–producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in U.S. residents associated with invasive medical procedures in Mexico, 2015–2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(20):463–4.

Nunez EO, Arias RMB, Martinez MEA, Larios JAR, Crooks VA, Labonté R, et al. An overview of Mexico’s medical tourism industry: the cases of Mexico City and Monterrey. Vancouver: SFU Medical Tourism Research Group, Simon Fraser University; 2014. Pan American Health Organization AHO. Mexico is free from human rabies transmitted by dogs. Available from: www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15585:mexico-is-free-from-human-rabies-transmitted-by-dogs&Itemid=1926&lang=en .

Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Villamil-Gómez WE, Franco-Paredes C. The arboviral burden of disease caused by co-circulation and co-infection of dengue, chikungunya and Zika in the Americas. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2016;14(3):177–9.

Sosa-Gutierrez CG, Vargas-Sandoval M, Torres J, Gordillo-Pérez G. Tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in questing ticks, removed from humans and animals in Mexico. J Vet Sci. 2016;17(3):353–60.

Toda M, Gonzalez FJ, Fonseca-Ford M, Franklin P, Huntington-Frazier M, Gutelius B, et al. Notes from the field: multistate coccidioidomycosis outbreak in U.S. residents returning from community service trips to Baja California, Mexico—July–August 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(14):332–333.

World Health Organization. Mercury in cosmetics and skin lightening products. 2019. Available from: www.who.int/publications-detail/mercury-in-cosmetics-and-skin-lightening-products .

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Mexico Travel Restrictions

Traveler's COVID-19 vaccination status

Traveling from the United States to Mexico

Open for vaccinated visitors

COVID-19 testing

Not required

Not required for vaccinated visitors

Restaurants

Not required in enclosed environments and public transportation.

Mexico entry details and exceptions

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Can I travel to Mexico from the United States?

Most visitors from the United States, regardless of vaccination status, can enter Mexico.

Can I travel to Mexico if I am vaccinated?

Fully vaccinated visitors from the United States can enter Mexico without restrictions.

Can I travel to Mexico without being vaccinated?

Unvaccinated visitors from the United States can enter Mexico without restrictions.

Do I need a COVID test to enter Mexico?

Visitors from the United States are not required to present a negative COVID-19 PCR test or antigen result upon entering Mexico.

Can I travel to Mexico without quarantine?

Travelers from the United States are not required to quarantine.

Do I need to wear a mask in Mexico?

Mask usage in Mexico is not required in enclosed environments and public transportation.

Are the restaurants and bars open in Mexico?

Restaurants in Mexico are open. Bars in Mexico are .

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• Passports, travel and living abroad
• Travel abroad
• Foreign travel advice

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 911 and ask for an ambulance.

In Mexico City, you can use the emergency buttons on CCTV cameras across the city which will immediately connect you to the emergency services.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company promptly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccinations

At least 8 weeks before your trip check:

• the latest information on vaccinations and health risks in TravelHealthPro’s Mexico guide
• where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Mexico. More information about altitude sickness is available from TravelHealthPro (from the UK’s National Travel Health Network and Centre).

Heath risks

Health risks in Mexico include:

• Chikungunya virus
• Dengue fever

See the ‘Other risks’ section of the TravelHealthPro Mexico guide for more details.

Drink only boiled or bottled water and avoid ice in drinks.

There has been reported cases of a food and water bug called Cyclospora. This has affected travellers returning from Mexico, particularly from the Riviera Maya region between the months of May and June. Follow the advice on TravelHealthPro .

Air pollution

The levels of air pollution can be high in Mexico City and may aggravate heart, lung or respiratory conditions. Children, the elderly and those with pre-existing medical conditions may be affected. You can check the pollution index levels for many cities in real time.

Medication and pharmacies

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro .

The NHS has information on whether you can take your medicine abroad .

Many pharmacies in large cities provide 24/7 service, as well as home deliveries of medication. Any prescription issued outside of Mexico will require a translation into Spanish. It is up to the individual local pharmacy whether they will accept a foreign prescription or not. However, many pharmacies in Mexico also have an onsite GP who can assess a patient and prescribe medication if needed.

Paying for medical treatment

Not all hospitals will agree to deal directly with medical insurance companies. Be prepared to pay for treatment yourself up front and then get a refund.

You can view a list of English speaking doctors in Mexico .

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health . There is also mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro .

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What Vaccinations Are Recommended for Mexico?

• Health Tips
• News and Tips
• Travel Tips

The most popular international destination for American travelers, Mexico is known for its white-sand beaches, awe-inspiring Mayan and Aztec ruins, culinary delights, colonial towns, and diverse landscapes. 

If you’re planning a trip south of the border, it’s important to know what vaccinations are recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for travel to this destination. (Be sure to visit your doctor at least a month prior to your trip to get any vaccines or medicines you may need.)

Recommended vaccines for travel to Mexico

As of October 2023, here are the current CDC guidelines:

Routine vaccinations

Vaccines the CDC recommends prior to every trip include those for chickenpox (varicella), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP), flu (influenza), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), polio, and shingles.

COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral respiratory infection. It spreads when an infected person breathes out droplets or small particles containing the virus, which can then enter through the eyes, nose, or mouth of an uninfected person (or contaminate surfaces, in some cases). 

For everyone who is eligible, the CDC recommends being up to date on COVID-19 vaccinations.

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver infection that is caused by the hepatitis A virus. It is primarily spread when an uninfected person consumes food or water that has been contaminated by the feces of an infected person, or when an infected person uses dirty hands to prepare food.

This vaccine is recommended for unvaccinated travelers 1 year old or older who will be going to Mexico. Infants who are 6 months to 11 months old should also be vaccinated for hepatitis A. (According to the CDC, “the dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series.”)

Those who are allergic to a component of the vaccine or who are under 6 months old should receive a single dose of immune globulin, which can provide protection for up to 2 months (depending on the dosage given).

Unvaccinated travelers who are over 40 years old, immunocompromised, or who have chronic health conditions who are departing to a “risk area” in less than 2 weeks are advised to get the initial dose of vaccine and at the same appointment receive immune globulin.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. It is spread when blood, semen, or another bodily fluid from someone who is infected enters the body of someone who is not infected, as can happen during sexual contact, sharing drug-injection equipment, or during birth from mother to baby. 

The CDC recommends this vaccine for unvaccinated travelers younger than 60 going to Mexico, and notes that those 60 years old and up may get vaccinated prior to traveling to Mexico.

Malaria is a serious, sometimes fatal condition that is spread by a certain type of mosquito that feeds on humans.

For travelers going to certain parts of Mexico, the CDC recommends taking prescription medicine to prevent malaria. Depending on the medicine used, it will need to be taken multiple days prior to the trip, as well as during and after the travels. The CDC advises speaking with your doctor to determine which malaria medicine you should take.

Measles is a serious, highly contagious airborne disease that can lead to a variety of complications, including death. It is spread when an uninfected person comes into contact with infected nasal or throat secretions (for example, from coughing or sneezing) or breathes the air that was breathed by someone with the condition. 

The CDC recommends that infants 6 to 11 months old who are traveling internationally get one dose of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine before their trip. (The dose does not count as part of the routine childhood vaccination series.)

(Note that measles is also listed among the CDC’s “routine vaccinations” above.)

Rabies is a viral disease most often spread through the bite of an infected, or “rabid,” animal. It infects the central nervous system in mammals, causing disease in the brain and, ultimately, death.

The CDC notes that rabid dogs are commonly found in Mexico and adds that rabies treatment is often available locally if you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other mammal in Mexico. The organization suggests that those who will be around dogs or wildlife on their travels, such as campers, cave explorers, veterinarians and other animal handlers, and visitors to rural areas should consider rabies vaccination prior to their trip. (A more complete list of those who should consider rabies vaccine is available on the CDC’s website .) Because children are more likely to be bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal, rabies vaccine should also be considered for this group prior to travel to Mexico.

Typhoid is a bacterial condition caused by salmonella bacteria. It is spread when an uninfected person consumes food or beverages that have been prepared by a person shedding the bacteria or when sewage contaminated with the bacteria gets into the water a person uses for drinking or washing food.

The CDC recommends the typhoid vaccine for most travelers, and particularly for those who will be staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.

Last-minute reminders

Prior to any travel to Mexico, be sure to check the official CDC Traveler’s Health page , as vaccination recommendations may have been updated since the publication of this article. 

¡Buen viaje!

Disclaimer of Medical Advice: This information does not constitute medical advice or recommendation of any kind, and you should not rely on any information contained in such posts or comments to replace consultations with your qualified healthcare professionals to meet your individual needs.

Diane Fennell, a New York City-based editor and writer, served as the Editorial Director of the Wellness Division for Diabetes Self-Management and its sister publications, covering diabetes and related health conditions for more than 20 years. A graduate of Columbia University, she is a proud pharophile and enjoys traveling to visit lighthouses in her spare time.

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Heading to Mexico? These Are the COVID Restrictions in Place

By Shannon McMahon

Considering a getaway south of the border? As we all inch back out there, Mexico certainly has appeal, thanks to its proximity to the United States and familiarity for American travelers—especially at a time when traveling abroad is still nebulous.

In fact, with most of Europe and many other destinations off the table as of late, some parts of Mexico saw an increase in American arrivals late last year when compared to the same time in 2019. According to the Washington Post , the state of Quintana Roo, which is home to Cancun, Playa del Carmen, and Tulum, saw a 23 percent rise in U.S. visitors. (The proof is in most of our Instagram feeds, as well.)

The government of Mexico is asking visitors to come, too. The country declared its tourism sector reopened on June 1, 2020. “Mexico has maintained its borders open through air travel to North American visitors with no need to quarantine,” according to the Mexican Embassy in the United States . “It is encouraged that people continue respecting social distancing measures, washing their hands, and coughing or sneezing in the inner part of the elbow to prevent the spread of COVID-19.”

But there are some minor entry requirements in place for visitors, and a system for COVID-19 health restrictions on the ground that could greatly impact what you are able to enjoy on your trip. We've spelled them out below so you know what to expect. Remember, wherever you're headed, make sure to also do your homework on the wider situation on the ground—local case counts and hospital capacities, the sentiment towards visitors during the ongoing pandemic, if particular restaurants or site you want to visit are open—before you book a flight. 

Read on for our full list of Mexico COVID travel restrictions, by state. 

Mexico COVID travel: Entry and exit restrictions

Since March 21, 2020, Mexico’s northern border with the United States has been closed to all nonessential land crossings—and the closure has been renewed every month since. This means you cannot drive across the border to Mexico as a traveler; you will have to fly. Although air travel to tourism-dependent Mexico remains open to leisure travelers, who are permitted to visit without quarantining or testing negative for COVID-19, health checks have been implemented at Mexican airports. As always, Americans do not need a visa for stays of under 180 days. Air travelers are required to submit a mobile health questionnaire before they arrive in Mexico, and once it is completed travelers receive a QR code to be scanned by officials at their arrival airport for entry. Health measures at the airport may also include temperature checks. Public transportation in Mexico and public spaces where crowds may gather, including hotels and restaurants, require masks and social distancing (except when eating).

All travelers must test negative for COVID-19 to re-enter the United States. The U.S. Mission Mexico offers a list of private testing providers travelers can utilize if their hotel or resort does not offer on-site testing.

It’s also worth noting that the U.S. Department of State updated the travel advisory for Mexico to its highest, “Do Not Travel,” level on April 20 due to COVID-19. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also advises Americans to avoid international travel to Mexico due to COVID-19 levels. Data from the World Health Organization shows that the country has seen over 2.3 million confirmed coronavirus cases and more than 219,000 deaths, and about 20 million vaccine doses have been distributed in Mexico as of May 7.

What's open?

Varying levels of health restrictions, which are dependent on COVID-19 case rates in a given state, have been in place to varying degrees throughout Mexico since the beginning of the pandemic. The nation has implemented a stoplight-style alert system for its 32 states, assigning color-coded epidemiological statuses of green, yellow, orange, and red—with red carrying the highest restrictions. As of mid-May the most tourist-frequented states are yellow or orange, with less-visited areas in the green, or least-restrictive phase. The governor of the state of Quintana Roo, however, is warning that the area, which is home to Cancun, Tulum, Cozumel, and Playa del Carmen, is in danger of returning to red status, which implements stay-at-home orders and strict capacity limits on hotels and tourism sites. You can check the color assigned to each state on this interactive map , and read more about the country’s sanitary measures for reopening tourism here .

Here’s what each phase generally mandates:

Green: States in the green phase are largely open, with only social distancing and mask requirements in place for public places and at businesses.

Yellow: States designated as yellow have some reduced capacity requirements in place for public spaces that may become crowded: Hotel lobbies, restaurants, beaches, theaters, shops, and tourist attractions must operate at about 70 percent capacity or less (exact limits depend on the state case count), and bars and clubs are closed.

Orange: States categorized as orange have a tighter capacity limits. Hotel lobbies, restaurants, and tourist attractions are limited to 50 percent capacity, while beaches, theaters, and stores are limited to 30 to 40 percent or less , depending on the case count.

Red: States in red alert status are subject to stay-at-home orders and curfews, and public beaches and parks are closed. Hotels, restaurants, and tourist attractions operate at 20 percent capacity or less, while shops, theaters, gyms, bars, and clubs are closed.

Stop-light colors are assessed on a weekly basis and can change at any time. Here are the current colors assigned to some of the most tourist-frequented areas in Mexico, and where to find updates on their restrictions.

Caitlin Morton

CNT Editors

Jessica Puckett

Cancun, Playa del Carmen, Tulum, and Cozumel: Quintana Roo is currently in the second-highest orange phase and implementing 50 percent capacity limits on hotel spaces, restaurants, and tourist sites. Beaches, theaters, shops, and casinos are limited to 30 percent capacity. Updates can be found here .

Mexico City and Puebla’s Magic Towns: The states of Mexico City and Puebla are currently designated as yellow, with 70 percent capacity limits widely in place. Mexico City plans to return to allowing theater and other indoor events at 30 percent capacity starting on May 17. Updates can be found here for Mexico City and here for Puebla .

Cabo San Lucas, Los Cabos, and the Los Cabos Corridor: The states of Baja California & Baja California Sur are also yellow-designated states, with 70 percent capacity limits widely in place.  More health information on Los Cabos can be found here .

Puerto Vallarta and Punta Mita: Jalisco and Nayarit states are among Mexico’s green-designated areas, with most businesses operating at socially distanced capacities and with masks required. Online updates for Riviera Nayarit can be found here , and Puerto Vallarta updates can be found here .

Merida, Chichen Itza, and Valladolid: The state of Yucatan, home to the ancient ruins of Chichen Itza and the bustling city of Merida, is in the yellow phase and enforcing capacity limits of about 70 percent. More information can be found here . Chichen Itza briefly closed due to bad tourist behavior in April, but has since reopened with masking, social distancing, and health checks required.

Oaxaca City and Puerto Escondido: The state of Oaxaca and its resort towns are currently in the green phase, with most businesses open but social distancing and masking requirements still in place. More information can be found here .

Central Mexico and San Miguel de Allende: The states of Guanajuato and Querétaro are currently yellow with 70 percent capacity limits widely in place. Updates can be found here for Guanajuato , which is home to historic San Miguel de Allende, and here for Queretaro .

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Travel Vaccines and Advice for Mexico

Mexico is known for its warm weather, natural beauty, and rich culture. Travellers can experience breathtaking seasides, to local celebrations and peculiar culinary history.

Among the most popular destinations in Mexico are Acapulco, Cancun, Los Cabos, and Cozumel. There is plenty to see and explore all across the country, from the dense rainforests to the arid deserts.

One of the greatest draws of Mexico is the remnants of ancient civilizations. Beyond these civilizations, many of the colonial buildings from the Spanish-era remain untouched.

To get the full experience of Mexico, it is best to interact with the locals as much as possible. They are generally friendly, and very proud of their culture. Sit and enjoy some agave spirits with the locals, and you may find yourself wishing you didn’t have to leave.

Do I Need Vaccines for Mexico?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Mexico. The National Travel Health Network and Centre and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Mexico: COVID-19 , hepatitis A , typhoid , rabies and tetanus .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunisations:

• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for all travellers
• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travellers to the region, especially if unvaccinated.
• Tetanus – Wounds or Breaks in Skin – Recommended for travelers to most regions, especially if not previously vaccinated.
• Typhoid – Food & Water – Jab lasts 3 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator.
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-stay travellers and those who may come in contact with animals.

See the tables below for more information:

Malaria is a risk in some parts of Mexico. Speak with a travel health specialist about your itinerary and the potential need for antimalarials.

Mexico is an affected area of the Zika virus . Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should avoid travel to Mexico. Take extra precautions against Zika infection including insect repellents and mosquito netting.

Dengue is another mosquito-borne illness found in various parts of Mexico. Take the same precautions against this infection as you would Zika.

See our vaccinations page to learn more about these infections and vaccines. Ready to protect yourself? Book your travel health appointment today by calling or schedule online now .

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Mexico?

No visa is required for tourists venturing to Mexico. Business, work and other travellers may be required to obtain a visa. Passports must be valid for the duration of your stay.

Sources: Embassy of Mexico and GOV.UK

What is the Climate Like in Mexico?

Because of its size, Mexico has a diverse climate.

The Tropic of Cancer splits the country into temperate and tropical zones. Regions north of the 24th parallel have a cooler climate during the winter months. Regions to the south have a more constant climate throughout the year. On the coast on both sides of Mexico, the climate is generally hot and humid, especially in the summer.

In contrast, Mexico City’s temperatures can drop to freezing in the winter. Areas of higher elevation can even see snow during these months. Most of the northwestern area of Mexico has a desert climate. The eastern coast has a tropical climate characterized by a wet season during the summer. Be sure to research the area that you are travelling to and bring appropriate clothing. Bring breathable clothing that you will not be adverse to sweating in.

How Safe is Mexico?

Violence from drug cartels is a major problem in Mexico. Do not travel out alone after dark, especially in heavily populated urban areas. Always be alert, and look out for strange behaviour. Keep track of your belongings, as pick-pocketing and other forms of petty theft are common. There have been instances of kidnappings by cartels in various parts of the country.

Possession of small amounts of narcotics is legal in Mexico, but it is best to avoid using drugs at all. The legal system is much harsher than in the United Kingdom. Consult with locals to find out where it is safe to travel without a guide, and what areas to avoid after the sun sets. They will be able to provide the most accurate information.

When swimming on the seaside, look out for riptides. They can be difficult to detect but very strong. Be sure to use sun cream, and be aware of jellyfish.

If you are travelling by bus, do not put your bag in the storage room of the bus. This is an easy way to have your belongings stolen. If you plan on using a taxi, call a taxi service and request one instead of hailing one from the street. Rideshare services like Uber are available in Mexico.

Diving and Snorkeling in Mexico

Mexico is an excellent destination for diving and snorkeling. With beautiful waters ripe with wildlife, there is plenty to see in the depths.

If you have a taste for danger, consider cage diving with Great White sharks off Guadalupe Island. You are kitted out with scuba gear, put into a metal cage, and lowered into the water. It is the closest you will be able to get to the sharks whilst remaining out of danger. It is not for the faint of heart.

If you are looking for a diverse array of aquatic life, look no further than the Sea of Cortez. It is very accessible to foreigners. It is a meeting point of tropical species from the south and species from the temperate zones of the north. This creates a peculiar ecosystem that will provide an unforgettable experience for travellers. There are plenty of local dive shops and places to charter a boat.

What Should I Take To Mexico?

Here are some essential items to consider for your trip to Mexico:

• Private Hygiene Products – These can be expensive in Mexico, so it is best to bring them from home.
• Medications – Pharmacies are different in Mexico. It is safest to bring your medications with you from home.
• Close-toed shoes – It’s tempting to wear sandals, but fire ants and scorpions are a common problem.
• Breathable clothing – It can get quite hot in Mexico.
• Water purification tablets – It is recommended that you do not drink the tap water in Mexico. But, if necessary, it is best to have tablets on hand.

Embassy of the United Kingdom in Mexico

If you are in Mexico and have an emergency (for example, been attacked, arrested or someone has died) contact the nearest consular services. Contact the embassy before arrival if you have additional questions on entry requirements, safety concerns or are in need of assistance.

British Embassy Mexico City Paseo de la Reforma 350 20th Floor, Torre del Angel Col. Juarez 06600 Mexico City Mexico Telephone: +52 (55) 1670 3200 Emergency Phone: (0052) 55 1670 3200 Contact Form: Click Here

If you have any questions about travelling to Mexico or are wondering which jabs you may need for your trip, schedule an appointment with your local Passport Health travel medicine clinic. Ring us up at or book online now and protect yourself today.

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for Mexico? Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Mexico? What is the Climate Like in Mexico? How Safe is Mexico? Diving and Snorkeling in Mexico What Should I Take To Mexico? Embassy of the United Kingdom in Mexico

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Travel vaccinations

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Before travelling, check that you and your family have received the recommended measles vaccinations.

Do not travel if you have symptoms of measles or have been in contact with someone with measles.

If you develop symptoms of measles after your return to Canada, call a health care provider right away.

Global Measles Notice

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You may need additional vaccinations depending on your age, planned travel activities and local conditions. Preventing disease through vaccination is a lifelong process.

Use the reference below to determine which vaccinations may be recommended or required for your destination.

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Yellow fever vaccination.

Some countries require proof that you have received a yellow fever vaccination before allowing you to enter the country. Consult an embassy or consulate of your destination country in Canada for up-to-date information on its entry and exit requirements before you travel abroad.

Other countries may require you to have been vaccinated for yellow fever if you have passed through an area where yellow fever may occur .

Proof of vaccination must be documented on an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis . You must carry the original certificate with you.

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Mexico Travel Advisory

Travel advisory august 22, 2023, mexico - see state summaries.

Reissued after periodic review with general security updates, and the removal of obsolete COVID-19 page links.

Country Summary: Violent crime – such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery – is widespread and common in Mexico. The U.S. government has limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens in many areas of Mexico, as travel by U.S. government employees to certain areas is prohibited or restricted. In many states, local emergency services are limited outside the state capital or major cities.

U.S. citizens are advised to adhere to restrictions on U.S. government employee travel. State-specific restrictions are included in the individual state advisories below. U.S. government employees may not travel between cities after dark, may not hail taxis on the street, and must rely on dispatched vehicles, including app-based services like Uber, and regulated taxi stands. U.S. government employees should avoid traveling alone, especially in remote areas. U.S. government employees may not drive from the U.S.-Mexico border to or from the interior parts of Mexico, except daytime travel within Baja California and between Nogales and Hermosillo on Mexican Federal Highway 15D, and between Nuevo Laredo and Monterrey on Highway 85D.

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to Mexico.

Do Not Travel To:

• Colima state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Guerrero state  due to  crime .
• Michoacan state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Sinaloa state due to  crime  and  kidnapping
• Tamaulipas state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping.
• Zacatecas  state due to  crime  and  kidnapping .

Reconsider Travel To:

• Baja California  state due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Chihuahua state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Durango state  due to  crime .
• Guanajuato state  due to  crime and kidnapping .
• Jalisco state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Morelos state  due to  crime .
• Sonora state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .

Exercise Increased Caution When Traveling To:

• Aguascalientes  state due to  crime .
• Baja California Sur state  due to  crime .
• Chiapas state  due to  crime .
• Coahuila state  due to  crime .
• Hidalgo state  due to  crime .
• Mexico City  due to  crime .
• Mexico State  due to  crime .
• Nayarit state  due to  crime.
• Nuevo Leon  state due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Oaxaca state  due to  crime .
• Puebla state  due to  crime  and  kidnapping .
• Queretaro state  due to  crime .
• Quintana Roo state  due to  crime .
• San Luis Potosi state  due to  crime and kidnapping .
• Tabasco state  due to  crime .
• Tlaxcala state due to  crime .
• Veracruz state  due to  crime .

Exercise Normal Precautions When Traveling To:

• Campeche state
• Yucatan state

Visit our website for  Travel to High-Risk Areas .

If you decide to travel to Mexico:

• Keep traveling companions and family back home informed of your travel plans. If separating from your travel group, send a friend your GPS location. If taking a taxi alone, take a photo of the taxi number and/or license plate and text it to a friend.
• Use toll roads when possible and avoid driving alone or at night. In many states, police presence and emergency services are extremely limited outside the state capital or major cities.
• Exercise increased caution when visiting local bars, nightclubs, and casinos.
• Do not display signs of wealth, such as wearing expensive watches or jewelry.
• Be extra vigilant when visiting banks or ATMs.
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Follow the U.S. Embassy on Facebook and Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Mexico.
• Mariners planning travel to Mexico should check for U.S. maritime  advisories  and  alerts , which include instructions on reporting suspicious activities and attacks to Mexican naval authorities.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .
• Visit the CDC page for the latest travel health information related to your travel. 

Aguascalientes state – Exercise Increased Caution

Exercise increased caution due to crime.

Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Aguascalientes state.

Baja California state – Reconsider Travel

Reconsider travel due to crime and kidnapping.

Transnational criminal organizations compete in the border area to establish narco-trafficking and human smuggling routes. Violent crime and gang activity are common. Travelers should remain on main highways and avoid remote locations. Of particular concern is the high number of homicides in the non-tourist areas of Tijuana. Most homicides appeared to be targeted; however, criminal organization assassinations and territorial disputes can result in bystanders being injured or killed. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

U.S. government employees must adhere to the noted restrictions:

• Mexicali Valley:  U.S. government employees should avoid the Mexicali Valley due to the heightened possibility of violence between rival cartel factions.  The boundaries of the restricted area are: to the east, the Baja California/Arizona and Baja California/Sonora borders; to the south, from La Ventana (on Highway 5) due east to the Colorado River; to the west, Highway 5; and to the north, Boulevard Lazaro Cardenas/Highway 92/Highway 1 to Carretera Aeropuerto, from the intersection of Highway 1 and Carretera Aeropuerto due north to the Baja California/California border, and from that point eastward along the Baja California/California border.
• Travelers may use Highways 2 and 2D to transit between Mexicali, Los Algodones, and San Luis Rio Colorado during daylight hours. Travelers may also use Highways 1 and 8 to transit to and from the Mexicali Airport during daylight hours.  Travel on Highway 5 is permissible during daylight hours.

There are no other travel restrictions for U.S. government employees in Baja California state. These include high-traffic tourism areas of border and coastal communities, such as  Tijuana ,  Ensenada , and  Rosarito .

Baja California Sur state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Baja California Sur state.

Campeche state – Exercise Normal Precautions

Exercise normal precautions.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Campeche state.

Chiapas state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Chiapas state.

Chihuahua state – Reconsider Travel

Violent crime and gang activity are common. Most homicides are targeted assassinations against members of criminal organizations. Battles for territory between criminal groups have resulted in violent crime in areas frequented by U.S. citizens and U.S. government employees, including restaurants and malls during daylight hours. Bystanders have been injured or killed in shooting incidents. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

U.S. government employee travel is limited to the following areas with the noted restrictions:

• Ciudad Juarez:  U.S. government employees may travel to the area of Ciudad Juarez bounded to the east by Bulevar Independencia; to the south by De los Montes Urales/Avenida Manuel J Clouthier/Carretera de Juárez; to the west by Via Juan Gabriel/Avenida de los Insurgentes/Calle Miguel Ahumada/Francisco Javier Mina/Melchor Ocampo; and to the north by the U.S.-Mexico border.  Direct travel to the Ciudad Juarez airport (officially called the Abraham González International Airport) and the factories located along Bulevar Independencia and Las Torres is permitted.  Travel to San Jerónimo is permitted only through the United States via the Santa Teresa U.S. Port of Entry; travel via Anapra is prohibited.

U.S. government employees may only travel from Ciudad Juarez to the city of Chihuahua during daylight hours via Federal Highway 45, with stops permitted only at the Guardia Nacional División Caminos station, the Umbral del Milenio overlook area, the border inspection station at KM 35, and the shops and restaurants on Federal Highway 45 in the city of Ahumada.

• U.S. government employees may travel between Ciudad Juarez and Ascension via Highway 2.
• Nuevo Casas Grandes Area (including Nuevo Casas Grandes, Casas Grandes, Mata Ortiz, Colonia Juárez, Colonia LeBaron, Paquimé and San Buenaventura):  U.S. government employees may travel to the Nuevo Casas Grandes area during daylight hours via Mexico Federal Highway 2, and subsequently Federal Highway 10, to Nuevo Casas Grandes.  Employees are permitted to stay overnight in the cities of Nuevo Casas Grandes and Casas Grandes only.
• City of Chihuahua:  U.S. government employees may travel at any time to the area of the city of Chihuahua bounded to the north by Avenida Transformación; to the east by Avenida Tecnológico/Manuel Gómez Morín/Highway 16/Blvd.José Fuentes Mares; to the west by the city boundary; and to the south by Periférico Francisco R. Almada.
• U.S. government employees may travel on Highways 45, 16, and 45D through the city of Chihuahua and to the Chihuahua airport (officially called the General Roberto Fierro Villalobos International Airport). 
• U.S. government employees may travel to Santa Eulalia to the east of the city of Chihuahua, as well as to Juan Aldama via Highway 16 to the northeast.
• U.S. government employees may travel south of the city of Chihuahua on Highway 45 to the southern boundary of Parral, including each town directly connected to Highway 45, including Lázaro Cárdenas, Pedro Meoqui, Santa Cruz de Rosales, Delicias, Camargo, Ciudad Jiménez, and Parral itself.
• U.S. government employees may only travel on official business from the city of Chihuahua on Highway 16 to Ciudad Cuauhtémoc bounded by Highway 21 to the north and east, Highway 5 to the west, and Bulevar Jorge Castillo Cabrera to the south. 
• Ojinaga:  U.S. government employees must travel to Ojinaga via U.S. Highway 67 and enter through the U.S. Port of Entry in Presidio, Texas.
• Palomas:  U.S. government employees may travel to Palomas via U.S. highways through the U.S. Port of Entry in Columbus, New Mexico, or via Highway 2 in Mexico.

U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Chihuahua, including  Copper Canyon .

Coahuila state – Exercise Increased Caution

Violent crime and gang activity occur in parts of Coahuila state. 

U.S. government employees must adhere to the following travel restrictions:

• Zaragoza, Morelos, Allende, Nava, Jimenez, Villa Union, Guerrero, and Hidalgo municipalities : U.S. government employees may not travel to these municipalities.
• Piedras Negras and Ciudad Acuña:  U.S. government employees must travel directly from the United States and observe a curfew from midnight to 6:00 a.m. in both cities.

There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Coahuila state.

Colima state – Do Not Travel

Do not travel due to crime and kidnapping.  

Violent crime and gang activity are widespread. Most homicides are targeted assassinations against members of criminal organizations. Shooting incidents between criminal groups have injured or killed bystanders. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.  

Travel for U.S. government employees is limited to the following areas with noted restrictions: 

• Manzanillo:   U.S. government employee travel is limited to the tourist and port areas of Manzanillo.  
• Employees traveling to Manzanillo from Guadalajara must use Federal Toll Road 54D during daylight hours.  

U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Colima state. 

Durango state – Reconsider Travel

Reconsider travel due to crime.

Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Durango state.

• West and south of Federal Highway 45:  U.S. government employees may not travel to this region of Durango state.

There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Durango state.

Guanajuato state – Reconsider Travel

Gang violence, often associated with the theft of petroleum and natural gas from the state oil company and other suppliers, occurs in Guanajuato, primarily in the south and central areas of the state.  Of particular concern is the high number of murders in the southern region of the state associated with cartel-related violence. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

• Areas south of Federal Highway 45D:  U.S. government employees may not travel to the area south of and including Federal Highway 45D, Celaya, Salamanca, and Irapuato.

There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Guanajuato state, which includes tourist areas in:  San Miguel de Allende ,  Guanajuato City , and  surrounding areas.

Guerrero state – Do Not Travel

Do not travel due to crime.

Crime and violence are widespread. Armed groups operate independently of the government in many areas of Guerrero. Members of these groups frequently maintain roadblocks and may use violence towards travelers. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping in previous years.

Travel for U.S. government employees is limited to the following area with the noted restrictions:

• Taxco:  U.S. government employees must use Federal Highway 95D, which passes through Cuernavaca, Morelos, and stay within downtown tourist areas of Taxco. Employees may visit Grutas de Cacahuamilpa National Park during the day with a licensed tour operator.

U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of the state of Guerrero, including to tourist areas in  Acapulco ,  Zihuatanejo , and  Ixtapa .

Hidalgo state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Hidalgo state.

Jalisco state – Reconsider Travel

Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Jalisco state. In Guadalajara, territorial battles between criminal groups take place in tourist areas. Shooting incidents between criminal groups have injured or killed innocent bystanders. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

• Jalisco-Michoacan border and Federal Highway 110:  U.S. government employees may not travel to the area between Federal Highway 110 and the Jalisco-Michoacan border, nor travel on Federal Highway 110 between Tuxpan, Jalisco, and the Michoacan border.
• Federal Highway 80:  U.S. government employees may not travel on Federal Highway 80 south of Cocula.

There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S government employees in Jalisco state which includes tourist areas in:  Guadalajara Metropolitan Area ,  Puerto Vallarta (including neighboring Riviera Nayarit) ,  Chapala , and  Ajijic .

Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico) – Exercise Increased Caution

Both violent and non-violent crime occur throughout Mexico City. Use additional caution, particularly at night, outside of the frequented tourist areas where police and security patrol more routinely. Petty crime occurs frequently in both tourist and non-tourist areas.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Mexico City.

Mexico State (Estado de Mexico) – Exercise Increased Caution

Both violent and non-violent crime occur throughout Mexico State. Use additional caution in areas outside of the frequented tourist areas, although petty crime occurs frequently in tourist areas as well.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Mexico State.

Michoacan state – Do Not Travel

Do not travel due to crime and kidnapping.

Crime and violence are widespread in Michoacan state. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

Travel for U.S. government employees is limited to the following areas with the noted restrictions:

• Federal Highway 15D:   U.S. government employees may travel on Federal Highway 15D to transit the state between Mexico City and Guadalajara.
• Morelia:  U.S. government employees may travel by air and by land using Federal Highways 43 or 48D from Federal Highway 15D.
• Lazaro Cardenas:  U.S. government employees must travel by air only and limit activities to the city center or port areas.

U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of the state of Michoacan, including the portions of the  Monarch Butterfly Reserve  located in Michoacan.

Morelos state – Reconsider Travel

Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Morelos state.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Morelos state.

Nayarit state – Exercise Increased Caution

Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout Nayarit state.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S government employees in Nayarit state.

Nuevo Leon state – Exercise Increased Caution

Exercise increased caution due to crime and kidnapping.

Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Nuevo Leon state.

Oaxaca state – Exercise Increased Caution

Criminal activity and violence occur throughout the state.

U.S. travelers are reminded that U.S. government employees must adhere to the following travel restrictions:

• Isthmus region:  U.S. government employees may not travel to the area of Oaxaca bounded by Federal Highway 185D to the west, Federal Highway 190 to the north, and the Oaxaca-Chiapas border to the east.  This includes the cities of Juchitan de Zaragoza, Salina Cruz, and San Blas Atempa.  
• Federal Highway 200 northwest of Pinotepa:  U.S. government employees may not use Federal Highway 200 between Pinotepa and the Oaxaca-Guerrero border.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees to other parts of Oaxaca state, which include tourist areas in:  Oaxaca City ,  Monte Alban ,  Puerto Escondido,  and  Huatulco .

Puebla state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Puebla state.

Queretaro state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Queretaro state.

Quintana Roo state – Exercise Increased Caution

Criminal activity and violence may occur in any location, at any time, including in popular tourist destinations.  Travelers should maintain a high level of situational awareness, avoid areas where illicit activities occur, and promptly depart from potentially dangerous situations. 

While not directed at tourists, shootings between rival gangs have injured innocent bystanders.  Additionally, U.S. citizens have been the victims of both non-violent and violent crimes in tourist and non-tourist areas.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Quintana Roo state. However, personnel are advised to exercise increased situational awareness after dark in downtown areas of Cancun, Tulum, and Playa del Carmen, and to remain in well-lit pedestrian streets and tourist zones.

San Luis Potosi state – Exercise Increased Caution

Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state.  U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in San Luis Potosi state.

Sinaloa state – Do Not Travel

Violent crime is widespread. Criminal organizations are based in and operating in Sinaloa. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

• Mazatlan:  U.S. government employees may travel to Mazatlan by air or sea only, are limited to the Zona Dorada and historic town center, and must travel via direct routes between these destinations and the airport and sea terminal.
• Los Mochis and Topolobampo:  U.S. government employees may travel to Los Mochis and Topolobampo by air or sea only, are restricted to the city and the port, and must travel via direct routes between these destinations and the airport.

U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Sinaloa state.

Sonora state – Reconsider Travel

Sonora is a key location used by the international drug trade and human trafficking networks. Violent crime is widespread. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Travelers should maintain a heightened level of awareness of their surroundings in all their travels in Sonora.  Security incidents may occur in any area of Sonora.

• Travel between Hermosillo and Nogales:  U.S. government employees may travel between the U.S. Ports of Entry in Nogales and Hermosillo during daylight hours via Federal Highway 15 only. U.S. government employees may not use ANY taxi services, public buses, nor ride-share applications due to a lack of secure vetting and/or dispatching procedures. Travelers should exercise caution and avoid unnecessary stops as security incidents, including sporadic, armed carjackings, and shootings have been reported along this highway during daylight hours. Travelers should have a full tank of gas and inform friends or family members of their planned travel.
• Nogales:  U.S. government employees may not travel in the triangular area north of Avenida Tecnologico, west of Bulevar Luis Donaldo Colosio (Periferico), nor east of Federal Highway 15D (Corredor Fiscal). U.S. government employees also may not travel in the residential and business areas to east of the railroad tracks along Plutarco Elias Calle (HWY 15) and Calle Ruiz Cortino, including the business area around the Morley pedestrian gate port-of-entry. U.S. government employees may not use ANY taxi services, public buses, nor ride-share applications in Nogales due to a lack of secure vetting and/or dispatching procedures and the danger of kidnapping and other violent crimes.  
• Puerto Peñasco:  U.S. government employees may travel between Puerto Peñasco and the Lukeville-Sonoyta U.S. Port of Entry during daylight hours via Federal Highway 8 only. They may not travel on any other route to Puerto Peñasco. U.S. government employees may not use ANY taxi services, public buses, nor ride-share applications in Puerto Peñasco. due to a lack of secure vetting and/or dispatching procedures and the danger of kidnapping and other violent crimes.
• Triangular region near Mariposa U.S. Port of Entry:  U.S. government employees may not travel into or through the triangular region west of the Mariposa U.S. Port of Entry, east of Sonoyta, and north of Altar municipality.
• San Luis Rio Colorado, Cananea, and Agua Prieta : U.S. government employees may travel directly from the nearest U.S. Port of Entry to San Luis Rio Colorado, Cananea (via Douglas Port of Entry), and Agua Prieta, but may not go beyond the city limits. Travel is limited to daylight hours only. Travel between Nogales and Cananea via Imuris is not permitted. U.S. government employees may not use ANY taxi services, public buses, nor ride-share applications in these cities due to a lack of secure vetting and/or dispatching procedures and the danger of kidnapping and other violent crimes.
• Eastern and southern Sonora (including San Carlos Nuevo Guaymas and Alamos):  U.S. government employees may not travel to areas of Sonora east of Federal Highway 17, the road between Moctezuma and Sahuaripa, and State Highway 20 between Sahuaripa and the intersection with Federal Highway 16. U.S. government employees may travel to San Carlos Nuevo Guaymas and Alamos; travel to Alamos is only permitted by air and within city limits.  U.S. government employees may not travel to areas of Sonora south of Federal Highway 16 and east of Federal Highway 15 (south of Hermosillo), as well as all points south of Guaymas, including Empalme, Guaymas, Obregon, and Navojoa.  U.S. government employees may not use ANY taxi services, public buses, nor ride-share applications in these areas due to a lack of secure vetting and/or dispatching procedures and the danger of kidnapping and other violent crimes.

U.S. government employees may travel to other parts of Sonora state in compliance with the above restrictions, including tourist areas in: Hermosillo , Bahia de Kino , and Puerto Penasco .

Tabasco state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Tabasco state.

Tamaulipas state – Do Not Travel

Organized crime activity – including gun battles, murder, armed robbery, carjacking, kidnapping, forced disappearances, extortion, and sexual assault – is common along the northern border and in Ciudad Victoria. Criminal groups target public and private passenger buses, as well as private automobiles traveling through Tamaulipas, often taking passengers and demanding ransom payments.

Heavily armed members of criminal groups often patrol areas of the state and operate with impunity particularly along the border region from Reynosa to Nuevo Laredo.  In these areas, local law enforcement has limited capacity to respond to incidents of crime. Law enforcement capacity is greater in the tri-city area of Tampico, Ciudad Madero, and Altamira, which has a lower rate of violent criminal activity compared to the rest of the state.

U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

• Matamoros and Nuevo Laredo:  U.S. government employees may only travel within a limited radius around and between the U.S. Consulates in Nuevo Laredo and Matamoros, their homes, the respective U.S. Ports of Entry, and limited downtown sites, subject to an overnight curfew.
• Overland travel in Tamaulipas:  U.S. government employees may not travel between cities in Tamaulipas using interior Mexican highways. Travel between Nuevo Laredo and Monterrey is limited to Federal Highway 85D during daylight hours with prior authorization.

U.S. government employees may not travel to other parts of Tamaulipas state.

Tlaxcala state – Exercise Increased Caution

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Tlaxcala state.

Veracruz state – Exercise Increased Caution

Violent crime and gang activity occur with increasing frequency in Veracruz, particularly in the center and south near Cordoba and Coatzacoalcos. While most gang-related violence is targeted, violence perpetrated by criminal organizations can affect bystanders. Impromptu roadblocks requiring payment to pass are common.

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Veracruz state.

Yucatan state – Exercise Normal Precautions

There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Yucatan state, which include tourist areas in:  Chichen Itza ,  Merida ,  Uxmal , and  Valladolid .

Zacatecas state – Do Not Travel

Violent crime, extortion, and gang activity are widespread in Zacatecas state. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping.

• Zacatecas City : U.S. government employee travel is limited to Zacatecas City proper, and employees may not travel overland to Zacatecas City.
• U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Zacatecas state.

Travel Advisory Levels

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Travel Vaccines and Advice for Mexico

Mexico is known for its warm weather, natural beauty, and rich culture. Travelers can experience breathtaking beaches, to local celebrations and unique culinary history.

Among the most popular destinations in Mexico are Acapulco, Cancun, Los Cabos, and Cozumel. There is plenty to see and explore all across the country, from the dense rain forests to the arid deserts.

One of the greatest draws of Mexico is the remnants of ancient civilizations. Beyond these civilizations, many of the colonial buildings from the Spanish-era remain untouched.

To get the full experience of Mexico, it is best to interact with the locals as much as possible. They are generally friendly, and very proud of their culture. Sit and enjoy some agave liquor with the locals, and you may find yourself wishing you didn’t have to leave.

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for Mexico? Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Mexico Health Notices and Outbreaks in Mexico Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Mexico? What Is the Climate Like in Mexico? How Safe Is Mexico? Diving and Snorkeling in Mexico What Should I Take to Mexico? U.S. Embassy in Mexico

Do I Need Vaccines for Mexico?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Mexico. The CDC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Mexico: typhoid , cholera , hepatitis A , polio , chikungunya , rabies , hepatitis B , influenza , COVID-19 , pneumonia , meningitis , chickenpox , shingles , Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunizations:

• Typhoid – Food & Water – Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator.
• Cholera – Food & Water – While rare in Mexico, cholera is present. Travelers should adhere to food and water precautions and consider vaccination.
• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travelers.
• Polio – Food & Water – Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travelers to any destination.
• Chikungunya – Mosquito – Active transmission is reported in the region but is uncommon. Travelers to more rural regions should be vaccinated.
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travelers and those who may come in contact with animals.
• Hepatitis B – Blood & Body Fluids – Recommended for travelers to most regions.
• Influenza – Airborne – Vaccine components change annually.
• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic.
• Pneumonia – Airborne – Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both.
• Meningitis – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to anyone unvaccinated or at an increased risk, especially students.
• Chickenpox – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox.
• Shingles – Direct Contact – Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles.
• Polio – Food & Water – Considered a routine vaccination for most travel itineraries. Single adult booster recommended.
• TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) – Wounds & Airborne – Only one adult booster of pertussis required.
• Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) – Various Vectors – Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended.

See the table below for more information:

Specific Vaccine Information

• Typhoid – Typhoid is transmitted via fecally contaminated food or water, causing severe symptoms. To prevent it, practice hand-washing, consume safe water and food, and consider vaccination, especially when traveling to high-risk areas.
• Hepatitis A – Hepatitis A spreads through contaminated food, water, and close contact. Protect yourself by getting vaccinated with the hepatitis A vaccine and maintaining proper hygiene. Vaccination is a critical step in preventing this contagious liver infection, according to health authorities.
• Chikungunya – Chikungunya, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, leads to fever and joint pain. Preventive measures like using repellent and wearing protective clothing are vital. Vaccination is considered the best form of protection.
• Rabies – Rabies is a deadly viral disease affecting mammals, including humans, primarily transmitted through bites or scratches from infected animals. Vaccination is key to preventing rabies, with pre-exposure shots effectively preventing infection.
• Hepatitis B – The hepatitis B vaccine is a vital tool in the prevention of this liver infection, recommended for all travelers and essential for healthcare workers and those at higher risk of exposure.
• Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – Measles, mumps, and rubella are infectious diseases that can easily spread. Vaccination remains the primary defense against these threats. The MMR vaccine, with its two-dose regimen, is a reliable way to bolster immunity and reduce the risk of infection and outbreaks.

Travelers’ diarrhea is a risk to travelers to all destinations, including Mexico. Take precautions by only eating from reputable establishments and be sure to bring a travelers’ diarrhea kit .

Malaria is a risk in some parts of Mexico. Speak with a travel health specialist about your itinerary and the potential need for antimalarials.

Mexico is an affected area of the Zika virus . Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should avoid travel to Mexico. Take extra precautions against Zika infection including insect repellents and mosquito netting.

Dengue is another mosquito-borne illness found in various parts of Mexico. Take the same precautions against this infection as you would Zika.

See our vaccinations page to learn more about these infections and vaccines. Ready to protect yourself? Book your travel health appointment today by calling or schedule online now .

Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Mexico

Prevent bug bites in mexico.

To ward off bug bites, follow CDC advice: wear long clothing, use screens, and remove standing water. Opt for EPA-registered repellents with DEET, picaridin, or OLE for protection. If bitten, wash the area, avoid scratching, and apply remedies. Seek medical help for severe reactions.

Food and Water Safety in Mexico

When traveling, prioritize food safety with CDC’s advice: consume fully cooked foods, avoid raw seafood, and pick clean eateries. Opt for bottled drinks, exercise caution with ice, and practice responsible alcohol consumption. Prevent travelers’ diarrhea by maintaining good hand hygiene and avoiding street food in unsanitary conditions.

Altitude Sickness in Mexico

Altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS), arises at high elevations due to decreased oxygen levels. To prevent AMS, ascend gradually, stay hydrated, and consider medications like acetazolamide. If symptoms like headaches or fatigue develop, descend to lower altitudes for rest and recovery, seeking medical help if necessary.

Infections To Be Aware of in Mexico

• Avian/Bird Flu – Preventing avian flu requires a multifaceted approach, including poultry vaccination, rigorous biosecurity practices, safe handling and cooking of poultry products, early outbreak detection, and educating the public about the virus’s risks and prevention methods.
• Chagas disease (American Trypanosomiasis) – Chagas disease, also known as American Trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic infection transmitted by kissing bugs. Preventing Chagas disease involves using repellents and avoiding contacting with the insects.
• Dengue – According to the CDC, dengue fever, caused by a virus from mosquito bites, manifests through fever, headaches, and severe muscle pain. Preventative measures include using insect repellent and wearing protective clothing. While no specific treatment exists, early medical intervention can mitigate severe complications.
• Leishmaniasis – Leishmaniasis spreads via sand fly bites but can also be transmitted through other means. Prevention includes using insect repellents, covering up, and staying indoors during sand fly activity.
• Zika – Zika, a mosquito-borne virus, is primarily spread through mosquito bites and can cause serious health issues. Prevention strategies include using mosquito repellent and practicing safe sex.

Health Notices and Outbreaks in Mexico

• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever – There are reports of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Baja California. Most cases are in Tecate. Ticks spread the disease to humans through bites. Travelers are advised to use repellents while in rural areas. RMSF can be deadly. See a medical professional immediately if you develop flu-like symptoms while traveling to the region or within two weeks of returning home.
• Salmonella – Some travelers to Mexico have returned home with multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella. Most infections are believed to have come from beef, cheese, beef jerky or dried beef. Travelers should take precautions to only eat food from reputable establishments and to wash their hands regularly. Avoiding raw or undercooked beef, or soft cheeses is advised.

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Mexico?

Travelers to Mexico do not need a visa for stays less than 180 days. If you plan to stay longer-term, a visa will be required before entry.

Sources: Embassy of Mexico and U.S. State Department

What Is the Climate Like in Mexico?

Because of its size, Mexico has a diverse climate.

The Tropic of Cancer splits the country into temperate and tropical zones. Regions north of the 24th parallel have a cooler climate during the winter months. Regions to the south have a more constant climate throughout the year. On the coast on both sides of Mexico, the climate is generally hot and humid, especially in the summer.

In contrast, Mexico City’s temperatures can drop to freezing in the winter. Areas of higher elevation can even see snow during these months. Most of the northwestern area of Mexico has a desert climate. The eastern coast has a tropical climate characterized by a wet season during the summer. Be sure to research the area that you are traveling to and bring appropriate clothing. Bring breathable clothing that you will not be adverse to sweating in.

How Safe Is Mexico?

Violence from drug cartels is a major problem in Mexico. Do not travel out alone after dark, especially in heavily populated urban areas. Always be alert, and look out for strange behavior. Keep track of your belongings, as pick-pocketing and other forms of petty theft are common. There have been instances of kidnappings by cartels in various parts of the country.

Possession of small amounts of narcotics is legal in Mexico, but it is best to avoid using drugs at all. The legal system is much harsher than in the United States. Consult with locals to find out where it is safe to travel without a guide, and what areas to avoid after the sun sets. They will be able to provide the most accurate information.

When swimming on the beach, look out for riptides. They can be difficult to detect but very strong. Be sure to use sunscreen, and be aware of jellyfish.

If you are traveling by bus, do not put your bag in the storage room of the bus. This is an easy way to have your belongings stolen. If you plan on using a taxi, call a taxi service and request one instead of hailing one from the street. Ride share services like Uber are available in Mexico.

Diving and Snorkeling in Mexico

Avoid an embarrassing stop, over 70% of travelers will have diarrhea., get protected with passport health’s travelers’ diarrhea kit .

Mexico is an excellent destination for diving and snorkeling. With beautiful waters ripe with wildlife, there is plenty to see in the depths.

If you have a taste for danger, consider cage diving with Great White sharks off Guadalupe Island. You are outfitted with scuba gear, put into a metal cage, and lowered into the water. It is the closest you will be able to get to the sharks while remaining out of danger. It is not for the faint of heart.

If you are looking for a diverse array of aquatic life, look no further than the Sea of Cortez. It is very accessible to foreigners. It is a meeting point of tropical species from the south and species from the temperate zones of the north. This creates a unique ecosystem that will provide an unforgettable experience for travelers. There are plenty of local dive shops and places to charter a boat.

What Should I Take to Mexico?

Here are some essential items to consider for your trip to Mexico:

• Personal Hygiene Products – These can be expensive in Mexico, so it is best to bring them from home.
• Medications – Pharmacies are different in Mexico. It is safest to bring your medications with you from home.
• Close-toed shoes – It’s tempting to wear sandals, but fire ants and scorpions are a common problem.
• Breathable clothing – It can get quite hot in Mexico.
• Water purification tablets – It is recommended that you do not drink the tap water in Mexico. But, if absolutely necessary, it is best to have tablets on hand.

U.S. Embassy in Mexico

All Americans visiting Mexico should register online with the U.S. Department of State before departure. This will inform the office of your travel plans within the country and will allow them to reach out in the case of an emergency or evacuation.

Once in Mexico, the information for the U.S. Embassy is:

U.S. Embassy Mexico City Paseo de la Reforma 305 Colonia Cuauhtemoc 06500 Mexico, D.F. Telephone: 011-52-55-5080-2000 Emergency Telephone: 01-55-5080-2000, extension 0 Fax: 011-52-55-5080-2201 [email protected]

If you have any questions about traveling to Mexico or are wondering what shots you may need for your trip, schedule an appointment with your local Passport Health travel medicine clinic. Call us at or book online now and protect yourself today.

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Mexico (North America)

Advice for all destinations.

Read the information on the COVID-19: Health Considerations for Travel page for advice on travelling during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Vaccinations and malaria risk

Review both the Vaccination and Malaria sections on this page to find out if you may need vaccines and/or a malaria risk assessment before you travel to this country.

If you think you require vaccines and/or malaria risk assessment, you should make an appointment with a travel health professional:

• How to make an appointment with a travel health professional

A travel health risk assessment is also advisable for some people, even when vaccines or malaria tablets are not required.

• Do I need a travel health risk assessment?

Risk prevention advice 

Many of the health risks experienced by travellers cannot be prevented by vaccines and other measures need to be taken.

Always make sure you understand the wider risks at your destination and take precautions, including:

• food and water safety
• accident prevention
• avoiding insect bites
• preventing and treating animal bites
• respiratory hygiene
• hand hygiene

Our advice section gives detailed information on minimising specific health risks abroad:

• Travel Health Advice A-Z

Other health considerations

Make sure you have travel insurance before travel to cover healthcare abroad.

Find out if there are any restrictions you need to consider if you are travelling with medicines .

Know how to access healthcare at your destination: see the GOV.UK English speaking doctors and medical facilities: worldwide list

If you feel unwell on your return home from travelling abroad, always seek advice from a healthcare professional and let them know your travel history.

Vaccinations

• Confirm primary courses and boosters are up to date as recommended for life in Britain - including for example, seasonal flu vaccine (if indicated), MMR , vaccines required for occupational risk of exposure, lifestyle risks and underlying medical conditions.
• Courses or boosters usually advised: none.
• Other vaccines to consider: Diphtheria; Hepatitis A; Rabies; Tetanus; Typhoid.
• Selectively advised vaccines - only for those individuals at highest risk: Hepatitis B.

No yellow fever vaccination certificate required for this country.

Notes on the diseases mentioned above

• Diphtheria :  spread person to person through respiratory droplets. Risk is higher if mixing with locals in poor, overcrowded living conditions.

Risk is higher where personal hygiene and sanitation is poor.

Risk is higher for long stays, frequent travel and for children (exposed through cuts and scratches), those who may require medical treatment during travel.

• Tetanus :  spread through contamination of cuts, burns and wounds with tetanus spores. Spores are found in soil worldwide. A total of 5 doses of tetanus vaccine are recommended for life in the UK. Boosters are usually recommended in a country or situation where the correct treatment of an injury may not be readily available.
• Typhoid :  spread mainly through consumption of contaminated food and drink. Risk is higher where access to adequate sanitation and safe water is limited.

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease transmitted by mosquitoes.You cannot be vaccinated against malaria.

Malaria precautions

• Malaria risk in Mexico is low and is present intermittently throughout the year. In recent years, the states of Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa and Tabasco have reported cases. 
• Malaria precautions are essential. Avoid mosquito bites by covering up with clothing such as long sleeves and long trousers especially after sunset, using insect repellents on exposed skin and, when necessary, sleeping under a mosquito net.
• See malaria map – additional information can be found by clicking on the Regional Information icon below the map.
• Low to no risk areas: antimalarials are not usually advised.
• If you have been travelling in a malarious area and develop a fever seek medical attention promptly. Remember malaria can develop even up to one year after exposure.

Other Health Risks

Altitude and travel, dengue fever.

There is a risk of exposure to coronavirus (COVID-19) in this country.

Please be aware that the risk of COVID-19 in this country may change at short notice and also consider your risk of exposure in any transit countries and from travelling itself. 

• The 'News' section on this page will advise if significant case increases or outbreaks have occurred in this country.

Prior to travel, you should:

• Check the latest government guidance on the FCDO Foreign travel advice and country specific pages for travel to this country and the rules for entering the UK on return.
• Ensure you are up to date with UK recommendations on COVID-19 vaccination.
• You can check this in the FAQ's.
• If you are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 you should carefully  consider your travel plans  and consider seeking medical advice prior to making any decisions.

For further information, see  Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)  and  COVID-19: Health Considerations for Travel  pages.

Zika Virus Infection

This country has been categorised as having a risk of Zika (ZIKV) virus transmission.

ZIKV is mainly spread through mosquito bites. The mosquito responsible most commonly bites during daylight hours and is common in towns and cities. 

The illness is usually mild but infection during pregnancy may lead to babies being born with birth defects. There is no vaccine currently available against ZIKV.

Advice for All Travellers

You should practice strict mosquito bite avoidance at all times. Do not travel without adequate travel insurance . Seek pre-travel health advice from a travel health professional 6 to 8 weeks in advance of travel.

Additional recommendations for pregnant travellers or those planning pregnancy

If you are planning pregnancy in the very near future you should consider whether you should avoid travel to this country.

• contact your GP, obstetrician or midwife for further advice, even if you have not been unwell or had any symptoms of ZIKV infection
• use barrier methods of contraception during and after travel and for the duration of your pregnancy, even in you have not been unwell or had any symptoms of ZIKV infection
• If you develop symptoms of ZIKV infection, it is recommended that you avoid becoming pregnant for a further 2 months following your recovery
• 2 months afterwards if you are female
• 3 months afterwards if you are male or if both partners travelled

These measures reduce the chance of sexual transmission of ZIKV and/or the risk of ZIKV infection in pregnancy.

For further information, see Zika virus infection page.

• 113 additional items in the news archive for this country

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The Coronavirus Crisis

Some mexicans travel to u.s. for covid vaccines as their country's rollout stumbles.

Carrie Kahn

Vials of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine are pictured at Rady Children's Hospital in San Diego in December. Mexicans have gone to California, Florida and other states seeking vaccines as their country has struggled to roll them out. Ariana Drehsler/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Vials of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine are pictured at Rady Children's Hospital in San Diego in December. Mexicans have gone to California, Florida and other states seeking vaccines as their country has struggled to roll them out.

In Mexico, where less than 5% of the population has received a COVID-19 vaccine dose, the rich and well-connected have found a faster way to get their hands on one: travel north.

Some Mexicans with family ties or dual citizenship in the United States, or who just can afford the airfare, are heading to the U.S. to get vaccinated faster than the many months of waiting for one back home.

They've also not been shy to share their tips and stories online about how they do it. The phenomenon has sparked intense debate: between officials who believe U.S. residents should have priority and those who feel that, in a general sense, the more people vaccinated the better. But the picture isn't that black and white.

The quest for shots comes as Mexico struggles to secure and distribute vaccines against COVID-19, with the country's confirmed deaths from the disease now surpassing 200,000.

David Gutiérrez Inzunza, a Baja California state public health official in the Mexican border city of Tijuana, said the state has been hit hard by the coronavirus. He was one of thousands of people registered with severe cases there in the past year.

"Ten months ago I was dying, OK, I have my second call in life," Gutiérrez said on a recent afternoon in Tijuana, recalling how he fell sick and was treated with supplemental oxygen for weeks.

He said only those who have had the disease understand how he feels. He had to get his hand on a vaccine quickly. But most of Tijuana's limited supply was going to front-line hospital workers. So he looked for options. And the best was to get the vaccine across the border in San Diego, Calif. He has gotten both doses at a local Vons grocery store chain.

"I'm no longer someone who can infect my neighbor. I'm fully vaccinated and that's really important," he said.

The COVID-19 vaccines used in the U.S. can substantially prevent someone from getting the disease, but according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, scientists are still studying how effective they are at preventing vaccinated people from spreading the disease.

Gutiérrez was born in San Diego and has a California ID. He said he obtained the identification using his brother's home address in San Diego.

He insists that no one at the vaccination site checked whether he worked or resided in the county, the two requirements necessary to get a shot there.

​"If they had asked me, I would have told the truth and left," Gutiérrez said.

There aren't exact numbers on how many Mexicans are getting shots in the U.S. Florida reports more than 128,000 "out-of-state" residents received vaccine shots, but the figures made public don't specify international visitors. Officials have tightened ID requirements.

But vaccine tourism has become a bit of a phenomenon in Mexico. It's easy to find testimonies and tips on social media and in chat groups about getting a vaccine in the U.S.

Mexican TV host Juan José Origel boasted recently on Instagram about getting his second vaccine dose in Miami.

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Juan Jose Origel(@juanjoseorigel)

"Here I am walking and walking, all around. They didn't even ask for my visa," he said, chuckling as he put on a face mask.

Seventy-year-old Mauricio Fernández Garza, a mayoral candidate for San Pedro Garza García, a wealthy suburb of northern Monterrey, posted on Facebook about his vaccine trip to Texas.

He said he got his shot while observing the U.S. rollout strategy.

Posted by Mauricio Fernández Garza on  Thursday,January 21,2021

NPR talked to a number of other people who would share their or their relatives' experiences of going to the U.S. to get vaccines only if they weren't fully identified, for fear of public backlash for "cutting the line."

Some of those people told NPR of taking trips to Texas, California and to the ski area Vail, Colo., for a shot.

Kris Widlak, a government spokeswoman in Colorado's Eagle County, where Vail is located, said to get a vaccine there you must attest to working or living in the county 30 days prior to vaccination and 30 days after.

"We expect you to be good citizens of the world and to come in because you are eligible," she said.

Widlak said the state guidelines are purposely broad so that undocumented residents, many who work in the city's resorts, won't be discouraged from getting the vaccine. And that is the state's top priority, not catching vaccine tourists.

"Chasing down people who may or may not be eligible after they appear to be eligible is probably not where we want to put our time and energy. We just want to get vaccines in arms," she said.

And with vaccine supplies increasing lately, there's even less need to be so restrictive, she added.

That is definitely not the case in South Texas, according to state Rep. Eddie Morales. His district includes eight counties right along the border. He has been struggling to get vaccines and fielding lots of complaints of foreign nationals "jumping the line."

Recently he was told by county officials about a private plane with 12 Mexicans aboard arriving in the small town of Pecos. They all got vaccinated, he said.

"It's these influential superrich Mexicans that have the means and are rigging the system," he said. Morales wants residency rules to be tightened. "To make sure that the folks here in Texas are getting vaccinated before we can continue caring for others and our neighbors."

The Biden administration has said the United States will send Mexico more than 2 million COVID-19 vaccine doses. Mexico's president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, said he's grateful.

López Obrador hopes to get all of the country's citizens over the age of 60 vaccinated with at least one dose by the end of April. Logistical snafus and worldwide supply limitations make that a challenge. The country has been increasingly relying on vaccine deals with China and Russia.

Roberto Velasco, Mexico's undersecretary for North American affairs, tweeted that doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine will begin arriving from the U.S. this weekend. "Sunday we will receive the first shipment of 1.5 million doses — the largest to have arrived in [Mexico] yet," he wrote .

Earlier this month, President Biden said, "We're going to start off making sure Americans are taken care of first and then we're going to help the rest of the world." But the Mexico shipment is not expected to affect U.S. efforts. In addition to the vaccines administered nationally, the U.S. has large stockpiles of the AstraZeneca vaccine, which it hasn't authorized for use yet. Mexico approved the vaccine for emergency use in January.

Gutiérrez, the health official who went to San Diego for his shot, said he understands U.S. rules and regulations but believes that good health policies should transcend borders.

"In this particular case, amid a worldwide pandemic, life and health of everyone should be priority No. 1," he said.

• coronavirus pandemic
• Coronavirus in Mexico
• COVID-19 vaccine
• AstraZeneca

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