maharashtra tourism elephanta caves

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Ajanta Caves

The Ajanta Caves are a remarkable collection of 29 rock-cut cave monuments dating from the second century BCE to about 480 CE in the Aurangabad District of Maharashtra state in India. These ancient Buddhist cave temples and monasteries are renowned for their exquisite murals, which are considered to be among the finest surviving examples of Indian art. The caves were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.

Location and Setting

The Ajanta Caves are nestled within the Satmala Hills, along the banks of the Waghora River in western India. The caves are situated in a horseshoe-shaped bend of the rock face, overlooking a narrow stream. This secluded location provided a tranquil environment for the Buddhist monks who inhabited the caves, allowing them to pursue their spiritual practices in peace.

Phases of Construction

The excavation of the Ajanta Caves occurred in two distinct phases, separated by an interval of about four centuries. The earlier phase, spanning from the second century BCE to the first century CE, saw the creation of caves 10, 9, and 12, which are characterized by their simple carvings and sculptures. The later phase, lasting from the fourth to the sixth century CE, witnessed the construction of the remaining 26 caves. These caves are distinguished by their more elaborate carvings, sculptures, and particularly, their stunning murals. The paintings depict a wide range of subjects, including Buddhist legends, Jataka tales, and scenes from everyday life.

Architectural Features

The Ajanta Caves showcase remarkable architectural ingenuity. The caves are carved out of the hard basalt rock, and their interiors are meticulously crafted with pillars, arches, and stupas. The chaitya halls, used for worship and religious ceremonies, feature horseshoe-shaped apses and high vaulted ceilings. The viharas, or monasteries, consist of a series of cells, courtyards, and meditation halls.

Significance and Legacy

The Ajanta Caves hold immense cultural and historical significance. They represent a peak in Indian art, particularly in the realm of painting. The murals are renowned for their vibrant colors, expressive figures, and intricate compositions. The caves also provide valuable insights into the life and practices of Buddhist monks during ancient India. Today, the Ajanta Caves stand as a testament to the creativity, craftsmanship, and spiritual devotion of the people who created them. They continue to inspire and captivate visitors from around the world, serving as a reminder of India’s rich cultural heritage.

Ellora Caves

Nestled amidst the Deccan Plateau in Maharashtra, India, the Ellora Caves stand as a mesmerizing testament to the artistic brilliance and spiritual depth of ancient India. Carved into a 2-kilometer-long basalt cliff face, these 34 rock-cut caves, dating back to the 6th to 10th centuries CE, represent a harmonious convergence of three major religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

A Symphony of Stone

The Ellora Caves are not just mere structures; they are a symphony of stone, where intricate carvings, sculptures, and temple complexes narrate the stories of gods, myths, and spiritual aspirations. The Kailasa Temple (Cave 16), a towering monolith dedicated to Lord Shiva, is a testament to the architectural prowess of the era. Its intricate carvings, including celestial dancers and musicians, leave visitors spellbound.

Hindu Heritage

The Hindu caves, numbering 17, showcase the rich tapestry of Hindu mythology and iconography. The Dashavatara Cave (Cave 10) depicts the ten incarnations of Lord Vishnu, while the Nilkantha Cave (Cave 15) narrates the story of Shiva consuming poison to save the world. Each cave is a unique masterpiece, revealing the profound spiritual beliefs of the time.

Buddhist Serenity

The 12 Buddhist caves, located at the southern end of the complex, exude an aura of serenity and tranquility. The Vishvakarma Cave (Cave 10) is a marvel of Buddhist architecture, adorned with intricate sculptures of Buddha and his disciples. The caves also feature meditation chambers and prayer halls, reflecting the contemplative nature of Buddhism.

Jain Tranquility

The five Jain caves, situated at the northern end of the complex, embody the principles of Jainism, emphasizing non-violence, asceticism, and liberation from the cycle of reincarnation. The sculptures in these caves depict Jain tirthankaras (spiritual leaders) and their teachings, promoting the path to enlightenment.

A Tapestry of Faith

Ellora Caves stand as a beacon of religious tolerance, where different faiths coexisted and flourished in harmony. The caves serve as a reminder of the shared human quest for spiritual enlightenment, transcending the boundaries of religion.

Visiting Ellora Caves

The best time to visit Ellora Caves is during the cooler months, from October to March. The caves are open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, and the entry fee is ₹35 for Indians and ₹300 for foreigners. Ellora is well connected by road and rail, and the nearest airport is Aurangabad Airport (IXU).

A visit to Ellora Caves is a journey through time and faith, a profound experience that leaves an indelible mark on the soul. It is a testament to the enduring power of human creativity and the shared yearning for spiritual fulfillment.

Elephanta Caves

History and significance.

The Elephanta Caves, also known as Gharapuri Caves, are a collection of cave temples predominantly dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva, located on Elephanta Island in Mumbai Harbour, India. These ancient rock-cut shrines, believed to have been constructed between the 5th and 7th centuries AD, stand as a testament to the artistry and religious fervor of the era. The caves are hewn from solid basalt rock, with the main temple, Cave 1, measuring an impressive 27 meters square. The interior walls of the cave are adorned with intricate sculptures depicting Hindu mythology, gods, and goddesses, showcasing the remarkable craftsmanship of the time. The most celebrated sculpture is the 5.45-meter-tall Trimurti Sadashiva, a three-faced Shiva representing his creative, preserving, and destructive aspects. The Elephanta Caves hold immense historical and cultural significance. They represent the confluence of Hindu and Buddhist art, with some elements of Jainism also evident in the sculptures. The caves were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, recognized for their outstanding universal value as an exceptional example of cave temple architecture.

Temple Complex and Notable Sculptures

The Elephanta Caves comprise five distinct cave temples, each with its unique set of sculptures and architectural features. The most prominent is Cave 1, also known as the Great Cave, which houses the renowned Trimurti Sadashiva sculpture. This cave showcases a harmonious blend of pillars, porticos, and a central hall, creating an awe-inspiring atmosphere. Cave 2, also known as the Cave of Maheshvara, features a 2.5-meter-tall sculpture of Maheshvara, another manifestation of Shiva, seated on a Nandi bull. Cave 3, dedicated to the goddess Parvati, depicts her marriage to Shiva. Cave 4 holds a sculpted figure of Ardhanari, a half-male, half-female form symbolizing the union of Shiva and Parvati. Cave 5, though incomplete, contains sculptures of Ganesha, the elephant-headed god, and other Hindu deities.

Visiting the Elephanta Caves

The Elephanta Caves are a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world to witness the marvels of Indian art and architecture. To reach the caves, one can take a ferry from Gateway of India in Mumbai, a journey that takes approximately an hour. Upon arrival on Elephanta Island, visitors embark on a scenic climb up a flight of stairs leading to the entrance of the cave complex. The caves are open to visitors from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily. To enhance the experience, it is recommended to wear comfortable shoes for navigating the caves and the island. A hat and sunscreen are essential for protection from the sun’s rays. Visitors should also carry water to stay hydrated throughout the visit. During the exploration, it is crucial to maintain respect for the caves’ religious significance and refrain from any actions that may damage or deface the sculptures.

The Elephanta Caves stand as a remarkable testament to the cultural heritage of India. Their intricate sculptures, intricate architecture, and serene atmosphere offer a glimpse into the rich traditions and artistic prowess of ancient India. Visiting these caves provides a profound connection with the past, leaving an indelible mark on the minds of those who witness their splendor.

Karla Caves

The Karla Caves, also known as Karli Caves, Karle Caves, or Karla Cells, are a complex of ancient Buddhist Indian rock-cut caves at Karli near Lonavala, Maharashtra, India. These caves were excavated between the 2nd century BCE and the 5th century CE and are considered one of the oldest and most significant Buddhist cave shrines in India. The caves are situated on a hill overlooking the Indrayani River, about 60 kilometers from Pune.

Architecture

The Karla Caves complex consists of 16 caves, with the most prominent being the Great Chaitya (Cave No. 8). This chaitya griha (prayer hall) is the largest and most impressive of all chaitya grihas in India, measuring 45.72 meters long, 25.91 meters wide, and 17.74 meters high. The chaitya is adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures depicting Buddha, Bodhisattvas, and various Buddhist symbols and motifs. The other caves in the complex consist mainly of viharas (monastic dwellings), with a few smaller chaitya grihas and pillar shrines. The viharas are characterized by their rows of cells and verandahs, which provided living quarters for monks and pilgrims.

Religious Significance

The Karla Caves were a major center of Buddhist activity for centuries. Monks resided in the viharas, studying and practicing Buddhist teachings. The chaitya grihas served as places of worship and meditation for both monks and lay devotees. The caves were also an important stop on pilgrimage routes, attracting pilgrims from all over India and beyond. Over time, the Karla Caves also gained significance in Hinduism. A temple dedicated to Goddess Ekvira was established within the cave complex, drawing Hindu devotees to the site. The caves continue to be a revered pilgrimage site for both Buddhists and Hindus today.

Visiting Information

The Karla Caves are open to visitors daily from 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM. The entry fee is Rs. 30 for Indians and Rs. 200 for foreigners. The caves are best visited during the monsoon (July to September) or winter (October to March) when the weather is pleasant and the surroundings are lush and green. To reach the Karla Caves by road, take the Pune-Mumbai highway and exit at Karli. The caves are well-connected by buses from Pune and Mumbai. The nearest railway station is Lonavala Junction, which is about 10 kilometers from the caves. The nearest airport is Pune International Airport, which is about 60 kilometers from the caves.

Additional Points of Interest

In addition to the Karla Caves, there are several other attractions worth visiting in the area, including:

Bhaja Caves:  Another group of Buddhist rock-cut caves located about 3 kilometers from the Karla Caves

Ekvira Temple: A Hindu temple dedicated to Goddess Ekvira located within the Karla Caves complex

Lonavala:  A popular hill station known for its waterfalls and natural beauty

Tungarli Dam: A picturesque dam located about 10 kilometers from the Karla Caves

The Karla Caves offer a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of India, showcasing the architectural brilliance and spiritual depth of both Buddhism and Hinduism. They provide a tangible connection to the lives of monks, devotees, and traders who once frequented these sacred spaces. A visit to the Karla Caves is an enriching experience that will undoubtedly leave a lasting impression.

Bhaja Caves

The Bhaja Caves are a group of 22 rock-cut caves dating back to the 2nd century BC, located near the city of Pune, India. They are considered to be one of the most important examples of early Buddhist rock-cut architecture in India. The caves were carved out of the basalt cliffs of the Sahyadri Mountains, and they served as a monastery for Buddhist monks for centuries.

The Bhaja Caves are situated about 400 feet above the village of Bhaja, on an ancient trade route that ran from the Arabian Sea eastward into the Deccan Plateau. This location made the caves a convenient stopping point for travelers, and it also helped to spread the Buddhist faith throughout India.

The Bhaja Caves consist of a variety of different types of structures, including chaityas (prayer halls), viharas (monastic cells), stupas (reliquary mounds), and pillars. The most impressive structure in the complex is the Chaityagrha, a large apsidal hall with a vaulted horseshoe ceiling. The hall is divided into a central nave and side aisles by 27 pillars, and it is decorated with intricate carvings of Buddha and other Buddhist figures.

Significance

The Bhaja Caves are significant for a number of reasons. They are some of the earliest examples of Buddhist rock-cut architecture in India, and they provide valuable insights into the early development of Buddhism. The caves are also beautifully decorated, and they offer stunning views of the surrounding countryside.

Visiting the Caves

The Bhaja Caves are a popular tourist destination, and they are open to visitors from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM every day. There is a small entrance fee, and there are guided tours available. The caves are located about 25 kilometers from Pune, and they can be reached by car, bus, or taxi.

Elephanta Caves Mumbai (Boat Timings & Entry Fee)

Elephanta Island Mumbai Entry Fee

• No Entry Fee for Elephant Island
• 40 per person for Indian, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives,Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand citizens
• 600 per person for other foreign citizens
• 10 per person for Village entry
• 10 per person for Toy Train ride
• No fee for Still Camera
• 25 for Video Camera

Elephanta Island Mumbai Phone

Elephanta island mumbai timings.

Links: Website | Map

Elephanta Island Mumbai Address : Navi Mumbai , Maharashtra , 400094 , India

Elephanta Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a popular tourist place in Mumbai , about 10 km from the mainland. It is also known as Gharapuri (meaning City of Caves) because of the rock-cut caves built on the island.

While some sculpted caves are dedicated to the Hindu God Shiva, others are Buddhist caves. The Great Cave – Cave 1, is in the best condition among others, and it has been a place of worship. Much of the other structures, artwork and inscriptions have been destroyed, but whatever remains of the caves is worth a visit.

On a bright sunny day, you can even gaze at the Mumbai skyline from the Elephanta Caves, Gharapuri Island.

Architecture of Elephanta Island Caves

The Elephanta Caves complex is cut from solid basalt rock over an area of around 60,000 sq. ft. There are seven caves on the island divided into two groups.

The first group of five caves have Hindu sculptures, out of which the Cave 1 is the most elaborate. Beautiful artwork covers the stone walls, and the cave has a pillared mandapa along with a large hall. The mandapa is the home to Shivalinga, and the hall consists of stone statues of Shiva in different forms.

The remaining four Hindu caves are rather small and damaged to much extent.

And the second group consists of two Buddhist caves, along with water tanks. The larger cave in this group has, what looks like, chambers for monks, a central shrine and a big hall.

History of Elephanta Island

Elephanta Island history is still a mystery. There are no known records about the creation of the caves. And local folks give the credit to non-humans and supernatural powers.

However, based on speculations and excavations, historians date the caves to be built anywhere between 5th century CE and 8th century CE.

Portuguese took control of the island in the 1500s and named it as Elephanta Island because of a huge elephant statue. That damaged statue today rests in the Jijamata Udyaan Mumbai. The caves also suffered serious damage during the Portuguese rule.

British Indian officials made efforts to preserve the ruins in 1909, and later during the 1970s, and the main cave was restored to its present form. The government mended other caves too.

Things to do at Elephanta Island

Among the Elephanta Island points of interest are the seven rock-cut caves. Of this collection, the group of five caves are on the western hill, which also has an old Portuguese cannon. The other two caves are on the eastern hill along with a ruined Buddhist stupa.

The Cave 1 is the largest in the complex and it has been kept as mint as it can be. Within the caves you’ll find many sculptures and mythological carvings. At the cave’s north entrance, the statues of Nataraja and Yogishvara will welcome you.

The entrance leads you into the large mandapa hall with various Shiva-related legends and the Shivalinga towards the west. On the wall, which faces the north entrance, is a huge sculpture of Trimurti – a three-headed Shiva. You’ll also find a sculpture of Ravananugraha, Mount Kailash, Ardhanarishvara, Gangadhara and the Wedding of Shiva among others.

Cave 2 and 3 are smaller than the first cave and each has a mandapa hall standing on pillars. The other two caves on Cannon Hill are in ruins today.

The Cave 6, which is on the Stupa Hill, is also known as the Sitabai Temple. It has a large hall with three chambers towards the end. The central one has a shrine. Next to this cave is the Cave 7 and then, a dry pond.

On the Elephanta Island and Caves, you can also visit the small museum. It is near the ticket counter and acts as the Elephanta Island guide. The museum also exhibits information about other rock-cut cave temples in India.

Image Gallery of Elephanta Island Mumbai

Elephanta island entry fee and timings.

Elephanta Caves complex is open all throughout the year except on Mondays. You can take a ferry to Elephanta Island from Mumbai’s Gateway of India, and it takes around an hour of cruising in Arabian Sea to reach there.

The first ferry leaves the Gateway of India jetty at 9 AM, and the last return ferry, from Elephanta Island, is at 5:30 PM. You can buy the return tickets at the ticket counter in Gateway of India. Elephanta Island ferry price varies between ₹100 and ₹200 depending on the boats you board. And the ferries leave the jetty every half an hour.

Elephanta Island tickets cost ₹40 per person for Indians and the nationals of SAARC countries. Citizens of other countries have to pay ₹600. Along with the entry charges for the caves, you also have to pay an additional ₹10 to enter the village. From the jetty, you can get a toy train ride for extra ₹10 if you don’t want to hike all the way up the 120 steps to the entrance gate.

Apart from Elephanta Island entrance fee, the permission to use a video camera in the cave complex attracts another ₹25. Still photography, though, is free.

Best Time to Visit Elephanta Island

To explore the caves without any hassle, it’s best to take one of the first ferries to Elephanta Island, at around 9 AM. You can visit Elephanta Island at any time during the year except when the weather conditions aren’t favourable for the ferry services. They might shut down without any notice when it’s raining, or the sea waters are turbulent.

So, the best time would be between October and March when the temperature isn’t high, and the sky remains comparatively clear. Also, check your schedule for a visit in February, when the Elephanta Island festival is on. It’s a two-day cultural festival featuring regional music and dance programmes.

Time to Explore Elephanta Island Mumbai

A visit to Elephanta Island consists of seven caves, a cannon, a ramshackle stupa, some expansive views of the coast and lots of walking. So, keep around two hours for the trip. The to-and-fro ferry rides will consume another two hours.

On a busy day or during weekends, you might also have to wait for half an hour on either of the jetties to board your ferry.

Things to keep in mind while visiting Elephanta Island

Now that you know everything about Elephanta Island, here are a few tips for a comfortable trip to the caves –

• Plan your visit, keeping in mind the ferry times.
• Wear comfortable shoes
• Don’t hire any individual posing as a guide, without checking their license
• Take your hat and sunscreen, especially during the summer months
• Beware of monkeys and keep food items inside your bag

Interesting facts about Elephanta Island

• Elephanta Caves Island was earlier known as Gharapurichi Leni
• Pilgrims to Elephanta Caves had to pay a temple tax, from 1872 to 1903
• Sculptures were used as a firing range by Portuguese soldiers for target practice
• The elephant statue that gave the island its present name, is now in Jijamata Udyan
• The site was given a UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 1987

Places to visit near Elephanta Island

1. Gateway of India – Gateway of India is a stone arch built to mark the first official visit of King George V and Queen Mary to India in December 1911. Elephanta Island is located at a distance of about 10 km from Gateway of India, which is the starting point for the visit to the caves. It is among the popular tourist spots of Mumbai. The jetty here also has ferries for a ride in the waters of Mumbai.

2. The Asiatic Library – The Asiatic Society Library, aka Town Hall Library, is a part of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. It is one of the oldest libraries of Mumbai and has many rare manuscripts, maps, artefacts, coins and other items. The library preserves the original manuscript of Dante’s Divine Comedy and many ancient manuscripts written in Persian, Sanskrit and Prakrit. It is about 2 km away from the Gateway of India jetty.

3. Flora Fountain – Flora is the Roman Goddess of Flowers, and this fountain is an architectural landmark with a sculpture of the flower goddess at the top. It is among the popular heritage structures of India, and the place around has many renowned Victorian-era buildings. Flora Fountain is near Churchgate, about 2 km away from Gateway of India. It stands at the same place where Mumbai city’s “Church Gate” stood during the British era.

4. Churchgate Area – Churchgate is the business district of Mumbai. Branches of many national and international businesses, banks and educational institutions are there. Churchgate also has many tourist spots, food joints and shopping destinations in its vicinity. From international food chains to local restaurants and branded showrooms to budget street shops, it has them all. The Churchgate area is about 2 km from Gateway of India.

5. Marine Drive – Marine Drive is the popular sea-facing promenade, about 3 km from the ferry point at Gateway of India. It is a must-visit tourist spot of Mumbai, which is also the hangout point for the locals. People visit this place to watch the sunset or walk along feeling the breeze from the Arabian Sea. The view of Marine Drive at night is spectacular, and it has been nicknamed the Queen’s Necklace because of that view.

How to reach Elephanta Island in Mumbai?

Elephanta Island Caves are on the Arabian Sea, and you can get a ferry from Gateway of India to reach the island. It is a prominent location of Mumbai and has easy access through state-run buses and local trains. Churchgate is the nearest station. You can also hail a cab from top car rental companies in Mumbai or take an auto from anywhere in Mumbai to go to Elephanta Caves.

And here are the ways to go to Mumbai –

By Road – Mumbai is connected to other parts of India through a well-maintained network of roads. You can take a bus from the neighbourhood cities like Pune and Nashik or book a cab to take you to Mumbai.

By Rail – As Mumbai is a metropolitan city and the economic capital of India, you will find trains to reach Mumbai from any part of the country. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and Mumbai Central are the main railway stations here.

By Air – Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport connects Mumbai to other countries around the world. You can find a flight to Mumbai from most of the countries including Australia, Dubai and Singapore. Daily flights from many Indian cities are available too.

To ensure a great holiday experience in Mumbai, we at Mumbai Tourism, a division of Holidays DNA have designed Mumbai Tour packages that you can choose from depending on your budget and preferences. We ensure you have a great time on your Mumbai tour and take back memories that you will cherish for a lifetime. Do fill the Contact Us form for further details.

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Top Tourism Places to Visit in Mumbai

• Gateway of India, Mumbai
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• Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai
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• Colaba Causeway, Mumbai
• Nehru Planetarium, Mumbai
• Girgaon Chowpatty, Mumbai
• Chor Bazaar, Mumbai
• Mount Mary Church, Mumbai
• Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai
• Kanheri Caves, Mumbai
• Raj Bhavan, Mumbai
• Jehangir Art Gallery, Mumbai
• Taraporewala Aquarium, Mumbai
• Bombay High Court
• Bandra Bandstand, Mumbai
• Versova beach, Mumbai
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• Prithvi Theatre, Mumbai
• ISKCON Temple, Mumbai
• Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai
• St. Michael's Church, Mumbai
• St. Thomas Cathedral, Mumbai
• Hanging Gardens, Mumbai
• Mani Bhavan, Mumbai
• Elephanta Island, Mumbai
• Dhobi Ghat, Mumbai
• Babulnath Temple, Mumbai
• Global Vipassana Pagoda, Mumbai
• Flora Fountain, Mumbai
• Water Kingdom, Mumbai
• Powai Lake, Mumbai
• Mahalakshmi Temple, Mumbai
• Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum, Mumbai
• Marve Beach, Mumbai
• Gorai Beach, Mumbai
• Mumba Devi Temple, Mumbai
• Nehru Science Centre, Mumbai
• Kamala Nehru Park, Mumbai
• Fort Bassein / Vasai Fort, Mumbai
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• Tikuji-ni-Wadi, Mumbai
• Ammu Water Park, Mumbai
• Shivganga Water Park, Mumbai
• Sargam Water Park, Thane
• Paradise Funland, Mumbai
• Mati Hill County Resort, Mumbai
• Snow Kingdom, Mumbai
• Imagicaa Theme Park, Mumbai
• Imagicaa Water Park, Mumbai
• Snow Park at Imagicaa, Mumbai
• Eyelusion at Imagicaa, Mumbai
• House of Stars at Imagicaa, Mumbai
• Rainy Resort & Water Park, Mumbai
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• Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Mandai / Crawford Market, Mumbai
• Mumbai Zoo / Veer Mata Jijabai Bhonsale Park / Byculla Mumbai
• Prince of Wales Museum, Mumbai
• Glowmagica at Imagicaa Mumbai

Elephanta Caves in Mumbai: The Complete Guide

TripSavvy / Shraddha Gosavi

Elephanta Caves

Can't make it to see the Ajanta and Ellora caves in Maharashtra? The Elephanta caves in Mumbai are a popular and more accessible alternative. These rock-cut cave temples were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. Not only are they considered to be one of the most significant examples of Indian sculpture art, but they're also one of the most important collections dedicated to Lord Shiva. This complete guide to the Elephanta Caves will help you plan your trip there. The caves are located about 6 miles (10 kilometers) east of Mumbai, on the island of Gharapuri. It's better known as Elephanta Island, which gives rise to the name of the caves.

A lack of archeological evidence means it's uncertain who exactly made the Elephanta Caves or when. Based on other similar caves in the region, the Elephanta Caves are widely thought to have been constructed sometime around the 6th century AD, either by king Krishnaraja of the Kalachuri Dynasty or by Chalukya Dynasty rulers. These dynasties were established in the region after the decline of the Vakataka Dynasty in the 6th century.

The island was called Elephanta Island by the Portuguese in the 16th century after they acquired it from the Gujarat Sultanate and discovered a sizeable rock-cut stone elephant statue there (the figure is now on display outside the Bhau Daji Lad Museum in Mumbai).

By the time the British gained control of Bombay in the 17th century, the caves had become quite damaged. Large sections had been either vandalized or ruined by natural forces. However, as Bombay grew, Hindus returned to worship at the caves. The caves weren't restored until the late 1970s, though, when the Indian government decided to make them a tourist site. They're currently managed by the Archeological Survey of India.

How to Get There

Elephanta Island is reached in about an hour by boat from the Gateway of India in Colaba . The boats depart every half hour or so from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. There are two options: luxury or ordinary. The newer luxury boats are hardly luxurious, but they're a bit more comfortable than the standard ones. Expect to pay about 200 rupees ($2.79) per person for the round trip. Tickets can be purchased from the official booking office counter near the departure point. For 10 rupees extra, payable aboard the boat, you can sit on the upper deck. It's recommended for the best views (including the iconic Taj Palace Hotel and Gateway of India in one frame).

Once you arrive at the jetty on the island, you'll need to walk up about 120 steps to reach the entrance of the caves. Alternatively, it's possible to take the toy train (10 rupees per person) or be carried on a chair tied to two wooden poles (2,000 rupees per person). Climbing some stairs is unavoidable, though, so do consider this.

How to Visit

The caves are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., daily except Mondays. Ideally, go early in the morning to beat the crowds and heat. Boat services are suspended during the monsoon season from June to August.

Entry tickets cost 40 rupees (56 cents) for Indians and 600 rupees (about $8) for foreigners. They can be purchased from the counter at the entrance to the caves. There's also a 10 rupee development tax.

The stairway up to the caves is lined with souvenir and snack stalls. Do stock up on anything you need to eat and drink. However, beware of the pesky monkeys that patrol the area, and keep any consumables away from them. They're known to be aggressive and will steal stuff. You may choose to dine in the government-run restaurant near the cave entrance instead.

Tourist guides are available for hire at the caves, and they'll likely approach you. You don't need one, though. It's sufficient to buy an inexpensive copy of A Guide to the Elephanta Caves by Pramod Chandra. You can also stop by the small museum (free to enter) located after the ticket counter to get an overview of the history of the caves.

Taking a tour of Elephanta Island is an option. Swadesee offers this interesting Elephanta Island Experience, which covers the rest of the island as well. Mumbai Magic, Breakaway , and Reality Tours and Travel (includes Sassoon Dock and lunch with a local family) are recommended too.

What to See

There are seven caves in two groups on two different hills. Caves 1-5 are Hindu caves dedicated to Lord Shiva on Gun Hill (also called Cannon Hill). Caves 6 and 7 are Buddhist caves, situated further away on the island's eastern Stupa Hill. Not a lot of people visit them. They're not in good condition, and one is unfinished.

The main attraction is Cave 1, and it's the first cave you'll come across. It's difficult not to be wowed by the masterful carvings of Lord Shiva in 10 different avatars. The most impressive one is a 7 meter (22 foot) Trimurti—a three-faced Shiva in his role of the destroyer, creator and preserver of the universe. This cave is often likened to Dhumar Lena Cave 29 at Ellora.

There's less to see in Caves 2-4, as they're almost devoid of carvings.

If you climb the crumbling narrow path to the right of the entrance to the caves, it will take you to the top of the hill where there are two large cannons. The hill also provides captivating views across the island.

For a more in-depth experience, don't miss visiting the villages on the island to get an understanding of the culture of the Agri and Koli fishing communities that inhabit it. Electricity only reached the villages in 2018!

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Elephanta Caves, Maharashtra

Locality/village : Mumbai State : Maharashtra Country : India Nearest City/Town : Mumbai Best Season To Visit : All Languages : Marati, Hindi & English Temple Timings : 9.00 AM and 5.00 PM. Photography : Allowed

The Elephanta Caves (natively known as Gharapurichi Leni) are a network of sculpted caves located on Elephanta Island, or Gharapuri (literally “the city of caves”) in Mumbai Harbor, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the east of the city of Mumbai in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The island, located on an arm of the Arabian Sea, consists of two groups of caves—the first is a large group of five Hindu caves, the second, a smaller group of two Buddhist caves. The Hindu caves contain rock cut stone sculptures, representing the Shaiva Hindu sect, dedicated to the Lord Shiva.

In ancient period, the place is variously identified as Puri which is mentioned in the Aihole inscription of Pulakesin II. It seems, different dynasties held their sway over this island, namely, the Konkan-Mauryas, Trikutakas, Chalukyas of Badami, Silaharas, Rashtrakutas, Kalyani Chalukyas, Yadavas of Deogiri, Muslim rulers of Ahmedabad and then by the Portuguese. The Marathas also had this island under their control and from them it passed into the control of the British.

Elephanta Caves, Maharashtra;

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The origins of the temple caves, thought to date from about the 7th century, are obscure. It is known, however, that the island was originally called Gharapuri – the Portuguese renamed it Elephanta after they found a large stone elephant near their landing place. The figure collapsed in 1814 and was subsequently moved to the far-off Victoria Gardens and reassembled.

Shortly before the Elephanta temples were created, Bombay had experienced the golden age of the late Guptas, under whom the arts flourished. Sanskrit had been finely polished, and Kalidasa and other writers had helped incite a Hindu religious revival under the court’s liberal patronage. Shaivism, the worship of Shiva, inspired the building of these temples.

Many of Elephanta’s priceless statues were damaged or destroyed by the Portuguese, who apparently used the Hindu gods for target practice. There have also been reports of vandalism and carelessness by modern visitors, so take extra care to avoid damage during your visit.

There are seven cave excavations in the Elephanta group and these are datable from circa 6th – 7th centuries A.D. Among the cave excavations, the Cave 1 is the most impressive which represents the evolved Brahmanical rock-cut architecture. The cave is also famous for the exquisite and vibrant sculptures. On plan it almost resembles the Dumar Lena (Cave 29) of Ellora. The cave has a main entrance on the north with two other openings on the east and west respectively and a central hall with six rows of pillared columns, six in each row except on the western corner, where a shrine of lingam is provided.

On plan, there are three large square recesses divided off by pilasters each of them bearing a gigantic image of a dvarapala. The panel on the east has a figure of ardhanarisvara, a form of Siva with the combined energies of male and female; and on the west figures of Siva and Parvati playing chausar is carved. The central recess holds the most famous and remarkable sculpture of this period known as the Mahesa-murti. It is a colossal bust of the three forms of Siva, the aghora, turbulent and fearsome; tatpurusha, benign and meditative and vamadeva, mild pleasing and lovable. The other notable panels in the main cave are Andhakasuravada murti; cosmic dance of Nataraja; Kalyanasundara murti; Gangadhara murti; Ravana shaking Kailasa and Siva as Lakulisa. A panel depicting Saptamatrikas near the eastern opening is also remarkable.

By Road: Elephanta Island is one of a number of islands in Mumbai Harbor, east of Mumbai, India. The island is easily accessible by ferry from Mumbai, being about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the south east coast of the island city. Boats leave daily from the Gateway of India, taking about an hour each way.

By Rail: The nearest Railway Station to the temple is Mumbai central railway station.

By Air: The Temple can be reached through nearest Mumbai Airport which is well connected with regular domestic flights to Delhi, Mumbai.

You can visit the caves between 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. It is closed on Monday. A spectacular dance festival is held at Elephanta Island every February, hosted by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC).

Entrance-Fee: Citizens of India and visitors of SAARC (Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Maldives and Afghanistan) and BIMSTEC Countries (Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar) – Rs. 10 per head. Others: US $ 5 or Indian Rs. 250/- per head (Children up to 15 years free)

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• "> Elephanta Caves: Where the caves talk of history and a rich cultural legacy

Elephanta Caves: Where the caves talk of history and a rich cultural legacy

Rich in history and a cultural legacy, Mumbai has some famous tourist locations around. The city has much to offer to those who love to explore. One place worth visiting when in Mumbai include the Elephanta Caves amongst many other iconic sites. These caves have been added to UNESCO’s World Heritage sites in 1987. 

Established more than 3,000 years ago, the Elephanta Caves (also known as the Island of Gharapuri) are rock-cut archaeological remains of the temples built on an island north-east of the Gateway of India. As the former name translates to, this tourist attraction is, indeed, the City of Caves. The caves at the location cover 60,000 square feet of the area.  Built between 400 AD and 750 AD, these are carefully carved out of giant stones made of basalt rock. Several pillars and columns are there to support the unique structure. 

Coined by the Portuguese invaders, the popular Elephanta Caves was named after the elephant statue found by them when they landed on the island, back in 1547. This massive stone-age entity was believed to be the guarding statue of the monument at the time. Now shifted to Victoria Garden Zoo, the statute from which the place earned its name is open for the tourists to visit. It was believed that the statue was there to guard the island and punish those who intended any harm to it. 

The relevance of elephants in Gharapuri Island dates back to the history of the Chalukyas, where elephants were an important element of the army. As the legend goes, the Chalukyan Prince Puleskin II built the caves to celebrate his victory. 

It is believed that the caves came into existence at a time which denoted the end of the Buddhism in India and the re-introduction of the Brahmanical traditions. Back in time, prior to the Hindu caves being excavated, the island was primarily a Buddhist centre, catering to the Buddhists as a commercial, a military and a religious space for centuries. 

With the revival of the Brahmanical era, the caves dedicated to Lord Shiva, came into existence at Elephanta during the reign of the Gupta dynasty in the 3rd century AD.

The island has been under the dominion of at least half a dozen powers which have ruled the region over centuries, right from 400 BC to the current times, including the British Raj.  These include Mauryas of Konkan, Trikutakas, Chalukyas of Badami, Silaharas, Rashtrakutas, Kalyani Chalukyas, Yadavas of Deogiri, Shahi dynasty of Gujarat , the Portuguese and the Marathas. 

The whole complex at Elephanta Caves have a main chamber along with two chambers built laterally, shrines and several courtyards. Many caves at the location are dedicated to different Hindu gods and goddesses. Some even cater to the Buddhist culture. Some sculptures combine the Hindu and the Buddhist traditions. Although most of the sculptures inside these caves were defaced by the Portuguese for their target practice in the 17th century, this place has plethora to explore. 

One of the most prominent sculptures include Trimurti Sadasiva, which is 20 feet high. It is a three-faced image of Lord Shiva. The caves are predominantly dedicated to Lord Shiva. This particular sculpture is a representation of Panchamukha Shiva. The main central figure is accompanied by Gangadhara (the source of the Ganges) on its right and Ardhanarishwara on its left. 

Out of all the Trimurti Sadashiva is the most important and most amazing sculpture. This sculpture is 20 feet high and it is the image of a three-faced Lord Shiva. These caves are mainly dedicated to this dominant God of Hinduism. The Trimurti Sadashiva is a representation of the Panchamukha Shiva. The central figure is accompanied by the image of Gangadhara (the source of the Ganges) to its right and Ardhanarishwara to its left. 

Cave One at the spot is considered to be the most attractive and impressive cave among the whole collection on the island. The cave is carved out using an evolved and developed version of the Brahmanical architecture.

Visiting the caves and experiencing history first hand at the Gharapuri Islands is a must if you are in Mumbai. This magnificent monument is an hour away from the Gateway of India, via a ferry ride, is worth all the hype. 

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Elephanta Caves

May 5, 2019 , Sasidhar Darla Leave a Comment Filed Under: Maharashtra Temples Tagged With: Other Temples

Elephanta caves is one of the most significant monumental designs of Maharashtra. It not only adds to the beauty and heritage of the state but also contributes to tourism as one of the most famous tourist spots of India.  The famous Elephanta Caves also termed as Gharapurichi Leni or Gharapuri are a set of carved caves situated on Elephanta Island or Gharapuri. The island is positioned on the arm of the Arabian Sea and it consists of two group of caves- the first is a hefty group of five Hindu caves and the second is a smaller group of two Buddhist caves. The Hindu caves encloses rock cut stone sculptures demonstrating the Shaiva Hindu sect which is primarily dedicated to Lord Shiva.

The rock cut architecture of the caves has been dated back to the period in between the 5 th and 8 th centuries and the identity of the respective original draughtsmen is still in a state of ambiguity. The caves are carved out of solid basalt rock and all these caves were painted beautifully on the past but as of now only the outlines linger.  The main cave was basically a Hindu place of worship untilbastal rock

the Portuguese rule began in 1534. This war led to relentless damage of the caves but were later refurbished in the 1970s and was also designated as the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 to preserve the beauty and glory of the caves and at present they are maintained by the Archaeological Survey Of India.

History and Legend of Elephanta Caves

It is believed that no inscriptions on any of the island have been discovered and the ancient history of the island is speculative. As per the legend about the caves, the Pandavas, heroes of the Hindu epic  Mahabharata and Banasura, the demon disciple of Lord Shiva were both ascribed with constructing temples or cut caves to live. It is also a popular belief that according to the local tradition, the caves are not believed to be man made.

The Elephanta Caves do not have a precise date and acknowledgment of their origin. According to Archaeological excavations  few of the Kshatrapa coins date back to the 4 th century A.D. According to the historical origin of the caves, the origin of the caves can only be mapped out to the conquer of the Mauryan rulers of Konkan by the Badami Chalukyas emperor Pulakesi II in a sailing battle in 635 A.D.  Following the battle, the Elephanta was then termed as Puri or Purika and was also doled out as the capital of the  Konkan Mauryas.  Some of the historians feature the caves to the Konkan Mauryas and also marked that the caves dated back to the mid-6 th century.

The Chalukyas who conquered the Kalachuris as well as the Konkan Mauryas are believed to be the initiator of the main cave by some people in the mid-7 th century. The Rashtrakutas are the last pretenders of the main cave which is estimated to the early 7 th to late 8 th century. It is also believed that the Elephanta Shiva cave to a certain extent bears a resemblance to the 8 th century Rashtrakuta rock-temple Kailash at Ellora.

Significance of the Elephanta Caves

• One of the most significant feature of the Elephanta caves is that the Trimurti of Elephanta portraying the three faces of Shiva is similar to the Trimurti of Brahma, Mahesh and Vishnu which was the the royal emblem of the Rashtrakutas.
• The nataraja and Ardhanarishvara monuments are also featured to the Rashtrakutas.
• At the entrance, there are four doors with three open doorways and a passageway at the back.
• An astonishing fact about the Elephanta caves is that each wall consists of large carvings of Shiva which is more than 5 meters in height. The central Shiva relief Trimurti is positioned on the south wall and is edged by Ardhanarisvara on its left and Gangadhara to its right.
• The rest of the sculptures interrelated to the legend of Lord Shiva are also seen in the main hall at premeditated locations in the restricted cubicles which include Kalyanasundaramurti portraying Lord Shiva’s marriage to the Goddess Parvati, Andhakasuravadamurti or Andhakasuramardana, the slaying of the demon Andhaka by Lord Shiva and Shiva-Parvathi on Mount Kailash which is the abode of Lord Shiva.

Apart from these, the following are the imperative features of the Elephanta Caves:

• Ravana lifting Kailash
• Shiva-Parvati on Kailash
• Ardhanarishvara
• Wedding of Shiva
• Shiva slaying Andhaka

East Wing Shrine

West wing shrine, festivals celebrated at elephanta caves.

The major festival celebrated at Elephanta Caves is the festival of Music and Dance which is being organised every year by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC) ever since 1989. This festival is one of the major attractions of the Elephanta caves which have the propensity to grab the attention of audience worldwide.  The main emphasize of the festival is the elucidated Maheshmurti which is basically the Shiva idol in the main cave of the island.  The festival also includes group of people performing the Folk dance. These folk dances are executed by the local fisher folk and the ethnic local food assortments add an extra tinge to the vibes of the festive fun. Over the years, the festival has successfully become a major tourist magnetism for the people of the country in particular and the world in general for the incoming domestic and foreign tourists.

Elephanta Caves Timings

• The Elephanta Caves is open on all days of the week except for Monday
• The opening hours are from 7:00AM in the morning to 7:00PM in the evening
• The visiting hours vary from 4 to 5 hours
• The entry fee per person for Indians is Rupees 10
• The entry fee per person for Foreigners is Rupees 250

How to Reach :  Road , Rail, Air

By Road :  Multiple transportation facilities are available for Elephanta Caves from Mumbai and nearby areas. Boat and Ferry ride facilities are also available from Gateway of India.

By  Rail : Mumbai is one of the major railway junctions and all parts of India are connected with Mumbai. Therefore, trains are always available on everyday basis from Mumbai ,     Bandra or Lokmanya Nagar junctions. Local trains from Chatrapati Shivaji Terminal or Churchgate are also available.

By  Air : The nearest airport to reach Elephanta Caves is the Mumbai Chatrapati Shivaji International Airport.

Where to Stay

There are numerous hotels and lodging facilities in and around the Elephanta Caves. Some of them are:

• Hotel Milan International
• Hotel Parle International
• Hotel Airlines International
• Ibis Mumbai Airport
• Taj  Santacruz
• Bawa International
• Hotel Transit

Where to Eat

There are numerous reasonable restaurants in and around Elephanta caves with multiple cuisines. Some of them are : Elephanta Port Restaurant and Bar, Britannia and Company Restaurant, China Bistro, Bistro Grill, Le Cafe, VIG Refreshment, Ladoo Smart, West 1, Fruits and Foods Island, Sindh Pani Puri House, The Korner House, Aroma Garden, Bar-B-Que Corner, Cafe Amar, Veggie’s Delite, Rajkot Farsan Mart, Spice Kitchen, Arkshita, Croissants, Blue Park Restaurant, Hotel Sadanand Restaurant, Spring Onion, Sweet Passions, Hotel Vishnu Restaurant, Toran, Olde Baileys, Ming China, Salt ‘N’ Pepper, Vasant Refreshments, Oceanic, Ribbons and Balloons, Kunjvihar, Hotel Shree Devi Restaurant, Koolers, National Hindu Restaurant, Kaboom.

About Sasidhar Darla

Sasidhar Darla is Myoksha Travel's Founder. He is passionate about traveling to temples and preparing travel guides to help other pilgrims.

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Elephanta Caves in Mumbai, Maharashtra

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Elephanta Caves in Mumbai (2020)

Elephanta Caves are a collection of cave temples located in Gharapuri or Elephanta Island in Mumbai.  A Hindu king from the Kalachuri dynasty built the Elephanta Caves. Situated at a distance of 10 km from Gateway of Mumbai, this is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was declared so in 1987 after the restoration of the caves in the 1970s. The temples are dedicated to Hindu god Shiva, and other than these Hindu caves, there are Buddhist stupas too here, dating back to the 2nd century BCE. It is one of the major attractions in Mumbai and one can take the ferry from Gateway of India to enjoy Elephanta Caves tour Mumbai.

History of Elephanta Caves

The ancient history of Elephanta Caves Island isn’t present in either Hindu or Buddhist records but according to Archaeological Survey of India and UNESCO, the cave temples came into being in the 5th and 6th century. The caves have rock cut stone sculptures but most of the artwork that is left today is damaged to quite an extent. The artwork is inspired by the mythology and ideas of ancient times, predominantly of the 6th century. Take the Elephanta Caves tour and look at this interesting artwork for yourself on your trip to Mumbai.

Earlier known as Gharapuri, the island came to be known as the Elephanta Island later by the Portuguese. They named it so to differentiate it from the other islands near Mumbai as they docked their boats here at the Elephanta Caves island.

Information About Elephanta Caves

Elephanta Caves comprise of five rock-cut caves located in the Western hill. There is a brick stupa in the Elephanta Caves which is found on the Eastern hill. While Stupa Hill ( two Buddhist mounds) is present in the Eastern hill, there are two more caves which are Cave 6 and Cave 7 which is located close to the already existing five caves of the Western Hill.  

What is the Significance of Trimurti in Elephanta Caves?

Trimurti in Elephanta Caves is seen as the most valuable sculptural asset of the place. It has been described as the masterpiece ever created in the history of Gupta and Chalukya empire. Trimurti is kept at the rear of the cave while it faces the entrance towards the north-south axis. Trimurti is otherwise known as Trimurti Sadashiva or Maheshmurti.

Things to Do at Elephanta Caves

There are a couple of things that one can enjoy on their tour of Elephanta Caves in Mumbai beginning with the ferry ride and continuing to visit the sculpture and Buddhist Stupa.

One can take the ferry from Gateway of India and begin the exciting Elephanta Cave tour. 

Once on the island, visit the two hills with their set of caves, separated by a walkway. 

Cave 1 is also the main cave here and there are a total of 7 caves. 

Witness the rock cut stone sculptures and artwork at the caves. Explore them all on your Mumbai trip. 

Enjoy the views of the Mumbai skyline from the Elephanta Island and take a complete tour of this interesting and historic tourist attraction of Mumbai.

Nearby Attractions to Elephanta Caves

One of the nearby attractions of Elephanta Caves in Mumbai is the Elephanta Island. It has an artificial lake which is used for storing rainwater. The Lake is also known by the name of  “Adiyogi Shiva Elephanta Lake”.

Close to the Elephant Island Lake, there is a garden. Although the garden in Elephanta Caves in Mumbai does not feature extravagant set-ups, the view of the Arabian Sea and Elephanta Cave Complex is absolutely stunning from here. Tourists come here to relax or enjoy a picnic.

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Elephanta Caves are a collection of cave temples located in Gharapuri or Elephanta Island in Mumbai.  A Hindu king from the Kalachuri dynasty built the Elephanta Caves. Situated at a distance of 10 km from Gateway of Mumbai, this is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was declared so in 1987 after the restoration of the caves ...

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FAQ's of Mumbai

How long is the ferry ride to elephanta caves.

It takes around 1 hour to reach the island from Gateway of India via the ferry and it is available every half hour.

Which is the closest local station for Elephanta Caves?

The closest local station is Churchgate station from where one can hire a taxi or walk down to Gateway of India. One needs to further take a ferry to the Elephanta island.

How long does it take to see Elephanta caves?

It takes a duration of 1 hour to see Elephanta Caves in Mumbai. However, you can spend more time at your own will.

On which day Elephanta Caves is closed?

Elephanta Caves remains closed on Mondays. On other days, Elephanta Caves remains open from 9.00 am to 5.00 pm.

Who built Elephanta caves?

A Hindu Kalachuri King built the Elephanta Caves in Mumbai.

How many caves are in Elephanta caves?

There are a total of 7 caves present in the Elephanta Caves. Five of them are located on the western hill while caves 6 and 7 are on the eastern hill.

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ELEPHANTA CAVES

The Elephanta Caves are a major attraction in Mumbai because of its archaeological significance. This is where the caves are located, must have seen early settlements from 2nd century BC. The caves, however, are estimated to have been constructed sometime between 5th and 6th century AD. One of the biggest caves here measures about 39 metres from the front to the back. The main body of the Elephanta Cave is about 27 square meters, supported by six rows of pillars.

The Elephanta Caves is also called Gharapurichi Leni, located on Elephanta Island in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The whole cave temple complex area is about 60000 sq ft and boasts of the central chamber, two lateral ones, many subsidiary shrines, and courtyards. Also, there are three passages to the temple complex. The entire location is built from solid natural rock with intricately carved sculptures of idols.

There are principally seven caves where one can investigate the real excellence of ancient Indian architecture. There are a few highly-finished rock surfaces in Elephanta Caves; however, some are the stark untreated rocks too. The most prominent expression of sculpted caves can be noticed in the two major groups of caves here.

The first cave represents engravings based on Hinduism, where you will find rock cut stone sculptures, dedicated to Lord Shiva. On the sculpture, you'll see quintessential essence of the Shiva Lingam created in eight manifest forms that are worth viewing. Further, when you head to other smaller caves, you will witness that it’s an example of the Buddhistic rock-cut architecture. So, visit to this site is not about seeing the architecture marvel but also it’s your way to know Indian culture more deeply.

Elephanta Caves were assigned as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the year 1987. Thus, it is a notable site visited by many tourists during their trip to Mumbai to explore the historical and spiritual marvels here. Also, every February, the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC) hosts a fantastic dance festival at Elephanta Island.

How To Reach

You can book a private cab or hire a taxi to reach the Gateway of India. Then for the onward destination, you have to board a ferry that will drop you at the Elephanta caves. Further, trace some steps to arrive at the main temple complex.

Another option is to reach the Gateway of India via the local bus directly. As usual, hire a ferry to head to the Elephanta Caves. The boat is the prime transportation facility to reach this site as it is built on an island.

Best Time To Visit

The best time to visit the Elephanta caves is in winter months, i,e, between November and February. One must not visit the caves from June to August, which is a peak rainy season in Mumbai. During this time, ferry rides come to a halt as the sea becomes unpredictable.

Other Essential Information

You have to catch a ferry from The Gateway of India to reach the famous Elephanta caves. The ferry service for the island operates from 9 am to 2 pm only. The ferry prices range from INR 130 to INR 150 as per the boat convenience you choose.

Location: Gharapuri, Maharashtra

Timings: 9 am to 5 pm (Monday Closed)

Price: INR 40 for Indian Tourists and INR 250 for Foreigners

Distance from Mumbai: 21.8 Km via Eastern Fwy

History of Elephanta Caves:

The Elephanta caves on the island are believed to date back to the Silhara Kings era. However, there are no solid proves to confirm the same; still, there are several assumptions associated with its formation. Actually, the Portuguese who reached India renamed the island as Elephanta.

The caves are believed to come under the administrations of a myriad of rulers that controlled this area for many centuries till the modern age. These rulers are the Mauryas of Konkan, Chalukyas of Badami, Silaharas, Trikutakas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas of Devagiri, Kalyani Chalukyas, Shahi dynasty of Gujarat, the Marathas, the Portuguese, and even the British.

Additionally, as per the local tradition, people believe that the artisans created the Elephanta caves without at all using their hands.

Architecture of Elephanta Caves:

Elephanta caves is an epitome of Indian architecture depicting the deep-rooted Indian mythology in its every corner. The main cave at Elephanta caves holds an image of Ravana raising Kailash mountain. Further, at Ardhanarishvara, you can see a display of Shiva and Parvati within the same body.

When you go to the end you get to see the Sadasiva display of carved Shiva which is a 20 ft high marvel of the three-headed Shiva, called Trimurti - a classic example of Indian art. This location of Elephanta caves will grab your attention as soon as you enter the temple.

As you head to see the architecture on its southern wall you will be stunned by the magnificent sculptured forms of Ardhanariswara, Kalyanasundaram, Uma Maheswara, and Gangadhara. Further, in the west, one must explore sculptured images of Andhakaasuravadamoorthy and Nataraja and Yogiswara and Ravana Anugraha Murti images in the east.

Beside, Cave One at this place is the most beautiful site from all of the caves present here. This cave is carved out in a way that shows the glory of Buddhist architecture.

Facts about Elephanta Caves:

-Elephanta Caves has over 3000 years old history.

-Under the Portuguese rule, the main cave established at Elephanta Caves was the Hindu place of worship.

-The Portuguese defaced the majority of the sculptures carved within the caves in the 17th century.

-A lot of scholars consider that Christian Portuguese soldiers used the Elephanta caves and the sculptures as a firing range for their target practice.

-Also, until 1661, the Caves witnessed significant decay under the Portuguese. The intruders mostly displaced the cravings and the writings. Yet even today, the place features plenty to admire for the visitors.

-From the years 1872 to 1903, the British India Government charged a temple tax on people who used to come for visiting the Elephanta Caves.

-The Kshatrapa coins excavations that are dating back to the 4th century AD also unearthed from here.

-Some archaeologists associated the Elephanta caves to the Kalachuris supposedly having a specific connection with the Konkan Mauryas.

-Beside, Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas are also believed to have been behind the creation of these magnificent caves.

-The enormous elephant model, which is the source of this island's name, is now situated at Jijamata Udyan. It is the oldest public park in Mumbai.

-Proofs of paint found on the basalt caves symbolize that the artworks might actually be painted.

Mythological Representations

The three-headed Shiva or Trimurti and 'Gangadhar' - a display of the river Ganges, and 'Ardhnarishwar' - image of Shiva and Parvati are the three primary attractions here. Also, view the Nataraja sculpture that has about 11 ft height and about 13 ft width set low in the wall. Apart from these, you will find a plethora of sculptures and images as well in different caves. All will leave you enchanted with their intricate designs.

Archaeological Museum

You can observe ancient items related to Elephanta Island in this small archaeological museum. The first hall presents the narrations of the displays in Elephanta. The next gallery shows a plethora of black and white photographs of other rock-cut temple architecture of India. Visitors can also see the heritage attractions featuring large maps and a number of other details in another hall.

Cannon Trekking

Elephanta caves are also popular for some trekking grounds. One can trek here to reach one of the two canons situated near Elephanta Caves. You need to hike a narrow path to reach the canons. 

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Elephanta Caves

Label : Top Attraction

Tags : Cave

Timings : 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM

Time Required : 4-5hours

Entry Fee : SAARC, Myanmar, Thailand citizens: INR 10, Foreigners: INR 250, Children (under 15 years): Free, Village entry fee: INR 10, Photography Charges: Free Videography Charges: INR 25

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Elephanta caves, Mumbai Overview

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Elephanta Caves is a specimen of rock-cut art and architecture from the times of medieval India. The caves are located on the Elephanta or Gharapuri island which is situated at a distance of 11 km from the city of Mumbai . Natively known as Gharapurichi Leni, the Elephanta Caves that exist today are ruins of what were once elaborately painted artworks. It also provides an amazing view of the Mumbai skyline. You can reach the Elephanta Caves via a ferry ride from Gateway of India. This collection of cave temples dates back to 5th to 7th centuries and most of them are dedicated to Lord Shiva.

There are two groups of alcoves in the site of the Elephanta Caves, the first is a large group of five Hindu caves and the second one is a smaller group of two Buddhist caves. The Hindu caves contain the stone sculptures representing the Shaiva Hindu sect. The caves are an expression of art and a number of important imageries are sculpted here, which include 'Trimurti' or three-headed Shiva, 'Gangadhar' which is a manifestation of the river Ganga as she descends to the earth and 'Ardhnareshwar', which is a representation of Shiva and Parvati in the same body. In addition to being an important heritage site, the Elephanta Caves are also an unlikely trekking destination.

Must Know Before You Visit Elephanta caves

Ferry to Elephanta Caves : Since the Elephanta Caves are located on an island, one has to take a ferry to the islands which make up for a joy ride in its own right. The first boat leaves from the Gateway of India ferry point at 9:00 AM while the last one leaves at 2:00 PM sharp. The ferry can cost anywhere between INR 130 to 150 according to the type of ride you choose. The ferry skimming through the waters of the Arabian Sea is especially enjoyable for children, and you can also grab some snacks on the go.

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Elephanta Island Mumbai: Archeological Marvel Of The City

Visiting Elephanta Island is one of the top things to do in Mumbai in Summer . It is one such archaeological site that was discovered by the Portugues in the 16th century and is one of the numerous islands in the Mumbai Harbour of the Arabian Sea, about 10 km east of Mumbai and 3 km west of the mainland coast of Maharashtra state, western India.

Elephanta Island is famous for its rock-carved caves, also known as Elephanta caves, however many carvings and sculptures in the caves are destroyed and are in ruins, but you can still see the beauty and the intricateness of the architecture of these caves.

About Elephanta Island

If we talk about Elephanta Island then it is located in the Mumbai harbour of the Arabian Sea. Elephanta Island Mumbai is one of the numerous islands that is around 10 km east of Mumbai city. The Elephanta Island Mumbai consists of 3 villages Shentbandar, Morabandar, and Rajbandar. Elephanta caves are in Shentbandar village which is accessible by tourists.

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Places To Visit In Elephanta Island Mumbai

Elephanta caves.

Located in the Shentbandar Village of Elephanta Island Mumbai, Elephanta Caves is at an elevation. You have to climb around 120 steps to reach the caves. Well, if you are a shopaholic then while climbing these 120 steps you are going to be distracted by the stalls set up by the local vendors. There are many stalls on either side of the steps selling various items including arts and artefacts, gems, handicraft jewellery, idols, etc. 

The caves are estimated to be as old as the 6th century and are built cutting the entire mountain. It was built by the Rashtrakuta rulers. When the Portugues discovered this island for the first time they found a huge statue of an elephant. From there the island got the name Elephanta Island. 

Today that elephant statue is kept in Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum in Jijamata Udyan . The Elephanta Island Mumbai is the glorious abode of Lord Shiva and a tranche of Hindu cave culture, consisting of seven caves on an island out of which Cave 1 is famous for its majestic 20 feet statue of Lord Shiva also known as Sadashiva: Trimurti. Yes, this is the same Trimurti that you must have seen in many pictures, designs, etc while depicting Mumbai. 

Many other statues depicting Lord Shiva’s life are also seen in this cave including the Nataraj Statue, Shiva and Parvati Statue are the most famous ones. There are around 36 pillars carved out of the mountain to give support to the temple.

Cannon Hill Point

How to reach elephanta island.

You have to reach Gateway of India , to reach here the nearest railway station for the Central Line and Harbore Line is Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj Railway Station (CSMT), and for the Western Line, the closest railway station to reach Gateway Of India is Churchgate Railway Station. 

Both the stations have public as well as private transportation available. You can take a shared or personal taxi or you can either get on a bus. Bus Depot is right beside CSMT railway station and from Churchgate there are many buses available that will take you to Gateway Of India. 

You can get bus number 116 from CSMT Railway Station and 112 from Churchgate Railway Station. The buses to reach Gateway of India are regular. You will get the bus every 10 to 15 minutes.

Now once you reach Gateway Of India you can get a ferry whose return ticket will cost you around Rs. 260/- if you go from any private ferry and Rs. 200. If you go from economy ferry, they will charge you an extra Rs. 10/  if you want to go on the top of the ferry and enjoy the vast Arabian Sea in the open air. It will take you an hour to reach the Mumbai Elephanta Island. 

The ferry rides from Gateway of India start at 09:00 am and the last ferry ride for the day that leaves from Gateway of India is at 3:20 pm and Elephanta Caves is at 5:30 pm. 

If you are in Navi Mumbai and want to skip the travel to half then you can go to Belapur CBD Railway Station which falls in Harbor Line, and take a rickshaw to Belapur Jetty. From here you can get the ferry that will cost you around Rs. 825/- and will take you the Mumbai Elephanta Island in 30 minutes.

Elephanta Island Entry Fee

However, if you have to visit Elephanta Caves the entry fee for the caves is Rs. 40/- for Indians and Rs. 600/- for foreigners.

Restaurants Near Elephanta Island

• Rajmahal Restaurant Elephanta
• MTDC Elephanta Resort and Chalukya Restaurant
• Sagar restaurant
• Elephanta’s Good Food
• Maheshwari restaurant
• Laxmi Hotel
• Elephanta Forest Canteen
• Natraj Restaurant

Suggested Read: Revealing Top 18 Dining Spots In Mumbai | Best Restaurants In Mumbai

Hotels Near Elephanta Island

• MTDC Elephanta Resort and Chalukya
• Silver Oak Tropical Resort
• Shree Prabhu Residency
• Hotel Pub Street Inn
• Hotel Setrac Orange
• Villa Residency Navi Mumbai
• Hotel Aishwarya Residency
• Hotel Shree Krishna Paradise
• Snooze House Navi Mumbai

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)

Q: how do i get to elephant island mumbai, q: is there any entry fee for elephanta island, q: what is elephanta island famous for.

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Elephanta Caves Mumbai

The Elephanta Caves are a site of ancient cave temples on Elephanta Island, off the shore of Mumbai. From the city of Dreams it is a one hour ferry ride away as the island lies in the middle of Arabian Sea. The mystical caves were listed in UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1987. The caves are full of Hindu rock art and the Buddhist rock Art. Lord Shiva is seen worshipped in the form of engraved art. There are various majestic figurines and carvings dedicated to the Hindu Lord as well as the pantheon form mythology. Various tales have been narrated through the sculptures in the caves. It is one of India’s most prized sites.

Not much is known about the origin of the Elephant caves. The island was previously known as Gharapuri. It was renamed as Elephanta by Portuguese, as they saw a statue of an elephant on the island they named the islands. Shaivism, the worship of Shiva, inspired the building of these temples. Archaeologists believe that they date back to the 7th century. It is still unclear as to which dynasty ruled when the caves were being built. However, historians are of the opinion that Chalukya Dynasty ruler, Pulkesin II, built the Shiva shrine. The enormity of the project and the great craftsmanship has led historians to conclude that only a powerful kingdom could have built such enormous architectural marvel. Only great artisans had the knowledge and the skill to carve such sculptures out of solid rock.

Desecrated by Portuguese colonials as well as modern visitors, a lot of damage has been done to these heritage monuments. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is now responsible for the upkeep of these caves and their treasures.

What to see

There are seven cave excavations in the Elephanta group. Every carving, sculpture and engraved art is absolutely enthralling. Things you should not definitely miss are:

An enormous Mahesamurti, is the greatest allure. At 18 ft., the remarkable sculpture depicts Shiva in his three-headed form as Creator (facing right), Protector (the crowned face at the center), and Destroyer (facing left, with serpents for hair).

A figure of Ardhanarisvara, a form of Siva with the combined energies of male and female. The carving is finely done and the elegance shines through.

One figure shows Shiva bringing the Ganges River down to earth letting it trickle through his matted hair.

Another depiction is as Yogisvara, Lord of Yogis seated on a lotus and as Shiva Nataraja, the many armed cosmic dancer.

Shiva portrayed in the Shivalingam form in the colossal image is worth visiting.

Other sculptures near the doorways and on side panels celebrate Shiva's accomplishments. Trimurti, Shivalingam, Kalyansundara, Gangadhara, Uma maheswara and Ardhanarisara sculptures, which are all the forms of Lord Shiva are finely sculpted in various areas of the caves.

On the Stupa Hill, there are a small group of caves that have Buddhist images. Images of Gautam Buddha and Jaataka tales abound.

Elephant Caves are also the backdrop of a classical dance festival organized every February. The historic background, the cultural program creates a delightful experience.

How to reach

Elephant Caves are located in Elephanta Island off the shore of Mumbai. To reach the caves, one has to reach Mumbai first. From the Apollo Harbour regular ferries reach the island housing the heritage sites.

By Air: Nearest Airport is Chattrapati Shivaji International Airport.

By Rail: The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Chattrapati Shivaji Train Terminal is the railhead that receives trains from all over India.

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A getaway with 'Ghost' Friend.(Elephanta Caves)

It was a sudden trip planned before one day. As I came to know about elephant festival from my journalist Mam. So I made up myself to attend this festival. Next day morning of Mahashivratri I woke up early and grabbed a bus for gateway of India . After few minutes of travelling I reached at gateway. Over there I went on 'MTDC'( Maharashtra Tourism) counter for ferry ticket. On counter I inquired for rates of ferry, which was about Rs 140 per return ticket. I asked him for one ticket but he refused me

"I mean, I want one return ticket," replied him on refusal. "No, we don’t allow solo traveller for Elephnata trip," he shouted. "May I know the reason,"I told. "Due to people committing suicide over there we restrict solo traveller to go on this island," he replied. The other staff sitting near the counter also shouted at me and told me to leave the counter. It was really ridiculous and I was totally disappointed with MTDC and his staff.

It was a bad start for my trip. I was almost planning to go back at home. But suddenly it strike that there must be some private ferry for Elepnata. So I just moved inside the Gateway of India. At the entrance there was a man shouting “elephanta... elephanta”. I asked him whether he is selling the tickets for Elepanta ferry and also whether he gives single ticket. He gave me a positive reply and told me to sit for a while near the statue of Swami Vivekananda. As he went to grabbed for more customers.

Near the statue there were already two men sited. So I asked an old man whether he is also going to Elephanta cave in the same ferry. He replied,“no, I have just come here to enjoy the sunrise.” The person next to old man raised a question, “What is there at Elephanta Cave?” "It’s an small dotted island with storytelling caves and currently there is festival going no," I informed. I want to go in MTDC ferry but they don’t allow solo traveller, I added. "Even me also want to see Elepahanta,man told excitedly. So if you don't mind we both can go together,than they have to allow us, he added. Yes, great idea I replied. We both moving towards the counter of MTDC. On our way we were stopped by the private ferry ticket seller. And he was offering me a ticket. At same time,"don’t give him the tickets," a voice came from backwards. Its was a same staff man who was sitting at counter. He informed the private seller that they are not providing tickets to solo traveller for Elephanta. "But this time we need two tickets," the man argued. Even I started arguing with the staff man, but he was not trying to listen, instead he shouted on me.

Now I was totally disappointed and sad, because the private ferry ticket seller also refused for tickets. For me the doors of hope were closed. But it was this unknown man who opened up a door. I told him to go on MTDC counter and purchase two tickets, instead of me going personally.

He went for me and brought two tickets. Till now we didn't know the names of each other. We were not even having any social media relation. But still we both got ready to travel together. It was just after the tickets I asked his name and from where he was. I paid him the money for a ticket, and took a walk towards ferry. As we were both opening up more about our personal life, we reached near ferry.

Over there we again came across with that staff man who was actually a ticket checker, before sitting on ferry. This staff man again started arguing with us. He shouted,“Who gave you the tickets, tum apne svaarth ke liye isko lekar aaye, and etc.” He wasn't allowing me to travel on ferry but somehow I managed to convinced him.

Now we both were going to Elephanta cave. On our way we both share some personal info with each other. He requested me to leave early from Elephanta as he had to catch flight for Delhi . We both were enjoying the ferry ride with some beautiful scenes and big ships.

After the ride of 40 mins we finally reached at Elephanta.

A small dotted mountain island floating on the Arabian sea with caves covering the stories of Lord Shiva. Itinerary:- Its 40 minutes away from the Mumbai City. One can catch ferry from Gateway Of India, to reach on this Island. The cold breeze under the shadow of tree makes it a perfect getaway from City life. At Elephants we took a free mini train till the steps.

Once we reached we both started climbing the steps. As we were early to the spot so many shops were still closed. It took about 15 minutes for us to reach up. There are this special chairs for those who finds difficult to climb steps. One can sit and relax on this chair while few folks lifts the chair and climbs till one reaches up.

The caves were silently speaking the stories of Lord Shiva. On each wall of cave there is story. It is a peaceful place with limited lights entering inside.

Temple:- Inside the cave there is a big temple in which there is a big Shiv Ling.Its a place for all the devotes of Lord Shiva. This temple has a big entrance with statue welcoming us. As I was moving in and out of this cave, I witness many things. I loved the way shadows and lights playing inside the cave, making it photogenic.

Now we both move to another cave which was right next to the first cave we entered. In this cave also there is story of Lord Shiva curved on stone, along with Shiv Ling. And outside of every cave one can find people enjoying them selves. Some sits and enjoy the peace whereas other enjoy by clicking memories. We both used to walked together and he was so kind that he use to wait for me where ever I pause for clicks. He keep me reminding about his flights. So I also cooperated with him. He use to tell me for clicking his pictures in his cell phone. Sometime he helped me to click of mine. After completing all the caves we paused for a while, had water. We took a rest under the shadow of tree.

Food:- This place gives tourist to enjoy together a tasty family meal. It reminded me the days of my school picnic.

For those who don't like to carry food can enjoy the local meal in the hotel. There is hotel as well as Chats hawkers for every saliva.

Monkeys:- It's not just Caves or beautiful scenes that attracts the tourist. But also the Monkey's gains an attraction from tourist. People enjoy themselves feeding and playing with monkeys, whereas some enjoy by clicking pictures with them.

Also read:  elephanta caves

It was time for us to descend. As he was getting late for his flight so we went back early. On our way towards ferry he shopped for his family.

Shop:- A person who loves to shop some unique stuffs should visit over here. They can find every thing from muddy God to Antic pieces.

It was slow and steady descend for us, as we paused many time. I had introduced him with Indian Bruger "Vada Pav". Our saliva enjoyed the spicy taste of vada paav. At last we reached at ferry. We sat in ferry for returning back to Mumbai.

I was little sad as I wanted to attend the Elephanta festival, that I couldn't manage because of this Ghost friend. But I was happy too have him on a trip, because of him I witness this beautiful place. I really very thankful of him.

Ghost Friend

A ghost friend of Haryana it was really wonderful meeting you. We were unknown to each other, but he never make me realize it. He was so cooperative and very helpful.

Finally we reached at Gateway of India, I thanked him for baring me. We didn't share our number but we both shared memories, and a hope of words meeting in future.

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Maharashtra Caves

• Ajanta Caves
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