different between tour & trip

English Difference Between
Difference Between Trip and Tour

Difference between Trip and Tour | Trip vs Tour

You might have heard the word ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ used quite frequently but have you ever wondered what these two terms exactly mean? Most students might think that both these terms are the same and can be used interchangeably. But that is not correct. After reading this article, one will understand how or when to use the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’.

Not only these words, but there are many words in the English Language which students find pretty confusing to comprehend. The main reason for this confusion is most of those words seem like they can be used interchangeably and have the same meanings, but that’s not the case always. This article will highlight the differences between the commonly confused pair of words ‘tour’ and ‘trip’. Let’s have a look at the following points.

Table Summarising the Difference between Trip and Tour

The difference between trip and tour – meanings, examples of trip and tour, trip and tour – conclusion.

This table shows that though ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ are related to travel, they cannot be treated as synonymous, and neither can be used interchangeably. For students who might get confused about how to use these words, this table will help them understand how the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ are different from each other. Once they know the difference between these two words, they can use them in the correct contexts.

Most students think the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ are the same, but that’s not the case. Both words have entirely different meanings and would be incorrect if used interchangeably. The word ‘trip’ can be used both as a noun and a verb. When the word ‘trip’ is used as a noun, it means a short outing that one takes, especially for pleasure, for example, ‘We went for a trip to the nearby camping site.’ When the word ‘trip’ is used as a verb, it means to slip or stumble upon something, for example, ‘Ram tripped over the carpet and bruised his knees.’ On the other hand, the word ‘tour’ means longer journeys taken to several places/destinations for pleasure or other purposes with certain agendas in mind, for example, ‘Our family takes two tours in a year.’

The following examples will help students understand the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ quite clearly:

Trip – i) Seeing the old photos, we took a trip down the memory lane. (noun)

ii) I tripped a lot on the stairs and got hurt when I was younger. (verb)

Tour – i) The teacher asked the students to write about one of their memorable tours . (noun)

ii) The minister toured the play grounds for the basketball team yesterday.

Once students understand the difference between the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’, they can easily apply them in sentences of their own.

In conclusion, the words ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ can neither be used synonymously nor can be used interchangeably. This article points out the difference between ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ to make it easy for students to put them in sentences. Register with BYJU’S English for more articles on similar topics.

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Trip vs Tour

Ai generator.

Ever puzzled over the difference between a trip and a tour ? It’s easy to use these terms interchangeably, but they hold distinct meanings that can enhance your travel plans. Whether you’re a seasoned traveler or planning your first getaway, understanding these differences can help tailor your experiences. Let’s embark on a journey to demystify these terms, exploring their nuances from definitions to usage, and even how to remember their distinct characteristics.

Trip and Tour – Meanings

Trip: A trip is a journey or excursion from one place to another, usually for a short duration and can be for various purposes such as leisure, business, or exploration . Trips are often more informal and can be spontaneous or planned. They offer flexibility, allowing travelers to customize their itinerary according to personal preferences. Tour: A tour is a planned journey, often organized by a company, that includes a set itinerary with specific destinations and attractions . Tours are usually guided and aim to provide a comprehensive experience of the places visited. They can cater to various interests, such as cultural, educational, or adventure tours, and are designed to offer an in-depth exploration with the convenience of pre-arranged logistics.

A trip is usually a short journey where the main goal is often leisure, adventure, or personal matters , and it can be planned or spontaneous. On the other hand, a tour is more structured, often involving a planned itinerary with specific destinations and activities, usually guided, and focused on exploring and learning about the places visited. While trips offer more flexibility and personal freedom, tours provide in-depth experiences with educational elements, often in a group setting.

How to Pronounce Trip and Tour

Trip: Pronounced as / trɪp / ( trip ).
Tour: Pronounced as / tʊər / or / tɔːr / ( toor ).

The pronunciation of “ trip ” features a short “ i ” sound, making it crisp and quick. “ Tour ” can have a more rounded vowel sound, varying slightly depending on regional accents but generally maintains a longer vowel sound than “ trip .”

Differences between Trip and Tour

How to remember the difference between trip and tour.

To differentiate, think of a “ trip ” as a personal journey , emphasizing individual experiences and flexibility. Contrastingly, envision a “ tour ” as a curated exploration led by experts, providing an in-depth look at a destination’s highlights with the convenience of arranged details.

When to Use Trip and Tour

Usage of Trip

Short Duration: Use “ trip ” when referring to a journey that is relatively short in duration, often lasting a few days or less . It implies a temporary excursion, like a weekend getaway or a day trip to a nearby town.
Specific Purpose: A trip is often undertaken for a specific purpose, such as business, visiting family, or running errands . For example, a business trip involves traveling to a location for work-related activities.
Less Formal: The term “ trip ” carries a less formal connotation , making it suitable for casual outings. It can be used for spontaneous or leisurely travel plans, like a road trip with friends.
Single Destination: A trip usually involves traveling to a single destination and then returning . It’s straightforward, focusing on the travel aspect itself rather than the experience of exploring multiple places.
Individual or Small Group: “Trip” is commonly used when traveling alone or with a small group of people . It emphasizes the personal or intimate nature of the journey, such as a family trip to the beach.

Usage of Tour

Extended Journey: “ Tour ” is appropriate for longer journeys that cover multiple destinations . It suggests an extended travel period, such as a three-week tour of European capitals.
Exploratory Purpose: Tours are typically undertaken to explore and experience different places, cultures, and attractions . For example, a sightseeing tour in a historic city aims to discover its landmarks and heritage.
Structured Itinerary: A tour often involves a planned and structured itinerary, possibly guided by a tour operator. This can include guided tours of museums, historical sites, or natural wonders.
Educational or Thematic Focus: Tours can have an educational or thematic focus, offering in-depth knowledge about a specific subject, like a wine-tasting tour in Napa Valley or an art history tour in Florence.
Group Oriented: “ Tour ” is usually associated with group travel, where individuals join others to form a larger group led by a guide. This emphasizes the communal experience of discovering new places together, such as in a group tour to the Grand Canyon.

How to use Trip and Tour

Using “trip”.

“ Trip ” primarily functions as a noun, denoting a journey or excursion , typically for pleasure or business.
Example: “Our weekend trip to the mountains was refreshing.”
When used as a verb, “ trip ” means to stumble or cause someone to stumble or fall , often figuratively to make a mistake.
Example: “Be careful not to trip over the rug.”
Figurative Example: “He tripped up during the presentation by forgetting the main points.”

Using “Tour”

“ Tour ” as a noun refers to a journey or trip taken for pleasure , exploration, or learning, often involving visits to several different places.
Example: “We went on a guided tour of the ancient city.”
When “ tour ” is used as a verb, i t means to travel through various places for pleasure , exploration, or the purpose of performance (in the case of musicians, actors, etc.).
Example: “Next summer, we plan to tour Europe.”
Performance Context: “The band is touring Asia this year.”

Additional Considerations

Adjective Form: While “ trip ” and “ tour ” are not typically used as adjectives, descriptive forms can be created with phrases. For example, “trip-related expenses” or “tour guide services” use the nouns attributively to modify another noun.
Usage in Different Contexts: The context can change the use of “ trip ” and “ tour .” For example, in the digital world, a “ virtual tour ” of a museum uses “tour” in a non-traditional sense, describing an in-depth exploration of a place through digital means. Similarly, “ road trip ” as a compound noun emphasizes an adventurous journey by car, focusing on the experience of travel itself.

Trip and Tour – Examples

Examples of Trip

Their weekend camping trip was an escape into nature.
She often goes on solo trips to discover new cities.
The annual family road trip is a cherished tradition.
His business trip to New York was packed with meetings.
They embarked on a cross-country trip to explore national parks.

Examples of Tour

The guided tour of the museum was educational and engaging.
Their European tour included several countries over three weeks.
She joined a culinary tour in Italy to learn about local cuisine.
The wildlife safari tour in Africa was a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
The city tour provided a comprehensive overview of historic landmarks.

Fill in the blanks with either “trip” or “tour” to complete the sentences accurately.

The family planned a __________ to the Grand Canyon during spring break.
He signed up for a photography __________ to capture the autumn foliage in Japan.
Their road __________ took them through several quaint towns along the coast.
The __________ around the ancient ruins was informative and well-organized.
For her honeymoon, she dreamed of a luxury __________ through the Greek islands.

FAQ’S

What is the difference between journey, trip, and tour ride.

A journey is any travel from one place to another. A trip is a short journey, while a tour ride involves guided exploration of various sites.

What is the difference between trip, journey, and voyage?

A trip is a short journey for pleasure or business, a journey covers any distance and purpose, and a voyage typically refers to long journeys by sea.

What is a tour in travel?

A tour in travel is an organized journey where one visits different places, often with a guide, focusing on exploration and experiences.

What is the difference between a ride and a trip?

A ride involves traveling in a vehicle, often short and direct. A trip is broader, referring to the act of traveling from one place to another.

Why is a journey called a trip?

A journey is called a trip when it emphasizes the experience of travel, typically for leisure, business, or a specific purpose, often of shorter duration.

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Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons

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Key difference : The key difference between the terms ‘trip’ and ‘travel’ is based on their individual definitions wherein the term ‘trip’ is defined as the act of going to another place, for a short period of time, and returning. The term ‘tour’ is defined as the journey from one place to another over a period of days or weeks, generally a holiday.

Often, people find the terms ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ quite confusing because of their similar meanings. Though, the terms are analogous in nature and at times used interchangeably, both ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ are technically different from each other. Thus, this article further signifies the diversity between the two terms.

A journey or voyage between two points

Thus, from the above definition, the term ‘trip’ can be referred to a short journey from one place to another with intent to return back to the point of origin. Also, trips are considered as short because trip is described as traveling to one place and then returning back to the original place on the same day. For example: the trip to the beach, the trip to the museum, or the trip to the market, etc. Now, in the given examples, the term ‘trip’ used in the sentence indicates the movement of the person and also implies on the visit made by the person. Thus, the term ‘trip’ is also used to define the purpose of the journey made by the person.

On the other hand, according to Dictionary.com, the term ‘tour’ is defined as:

A traveling around from one place to another
A long journey including the visiting a number of places in sequence

Based on the above definitions, the differences between the terms ‘trip’ and ‘tour’ are quite easily understandable. And, further differences between the two terms can be read in the table below.

Comparison between Trip and Tour:

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Home » Language » English Language » Words and Meanings » Difference Between Trip and Tour

Difference Between Trip and Tour

Main difference – trip vs tour.

Trip – Meaning and Usage

In simple words, trip is a journey in which you go somewhere, usually for a short time, and come back again. It is a short journey taken for a particular purpose such as business or pleasure. A trip can also be a journey of one day. The word trip is often used as a noun. The following model sentences will help you to understand the usage of this word better.

Have a safe trip!

He went to China on a business trip.

Her eldest daughter Tammy went on a school trip.

Our trip to Las Vegas had to be postponed due to her accident.

My father promised us a trip to the zoo.

When did you get back from your trip?

Mr. McCarthy is away on a business trip and won’t be back until next Monday.

We are planning a trip to Nevada next summer.

Tour – Meaning and Usage

A tour is a journey for pleasure in which several different places are visited. It can also refer to a visit to a place or area where you look around the place or area and learn about it.

Tour can also refer to a planned visit to several places in a country or area made for a special purpose, such as one made by a sports team, or group of performers.

The word tour can be used as a noun and verb. The following sentences will help you to understand the usage of this word more clearly.

The students were given a tour of the White House.

They went on a guided tour of the museum.

Thirteen Indian folk singers are touring Australia to promote Indian culture.

The highlights of the president’s tour of Pakistan will be telecasted at 8.30 pm.

The Indian cricket team is on tour in Australia.

The defense minister toured the military bases yesterday.

Trip is a short journey taken for a particular purpose such as business or pleasure.

Tour is a journey for pleasure in which several different places are visited.

Grammatical Category

Trip is used as a noun.

Tour can be used as a noun and verb.

Places Visited

Trip does not imply that different places are visited.

Tour implies that several places have been visited.

About the Author: Hasa

Hasanthi is a seasoned content writer and editor with over 8 years of experience. Armed with a BA degree in English and a knack for digital marketing, she explores her passions for literature, history, culture, and food through her engaging and informative writing.

TRAVEL - TRIP - JOURNEY - TOUR - VOYAGE

Meaning and use of the words 'trip', 'travel', 'journey', 'tour', and 'voyage'..

The explanation below should help clarify the meaning and use of vocabulary related to travel.

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A tour, on the other hand, is a planned journey with an organized group of tourists.

Trip vs Tour: When planning a trip, many people make the decision to go for a trip or a tour. Trip is short for “trip” and refers to an unplanned journey. A tour, on the other hand, is a planned journey with an organized group of tourists.

Trip – Short stay in one place

Tour – A long stay in one place with some free time in between.

Trip is a short stay in one place, while tour is a long stay in one place with some free time in between. For example, if you are planning to visit New York City for a weekend, a trip would be ideal. On the other hand, if you are looking to explore all of New York City for a week or longer, a tour would be more appropriate.

Another key difference between trips and tours is that trips often include transportation to and from the destination. This can add an additional cost to your trip, but it also allows you more flexibility when it comes to scheduling your trip. With tours, you are generally required to use designated transportation and may not be able to roam around as much as you would on a trip.

Ultimately, the decision whether to go on a trip or tour depends on your specific needs and preferences. If you are just looking for an easy way to get out and about for a short period of time, a trip might be the better option for you. If you want more flexibility and want to see more of the destination than just the tourist spots, then a tour might be better suited

Tour – Long stay in multiple places

When you’re on a tour, you’re often spending a lot of time in one place. This is different from a trip, which is generally shorter and more dispersed.

For example, if you’re going on a trip to Europe, you might spend your first few days flying to different cities and exploring on your own. After that, your tour might take you on several full days of sightseeing in each city.

By contrast, if you’re taking a tour of Rome, the entire trip will likely last around three or four days. You’ll see all of the major landmarks and sites in that time, plus maybe some optional activities thrown in for good measure.

Trip vs Tour: What’s the difference?

There are a few subtle but important differences between the two terms.

Trip: A trip is an extended stay away from home, typically for leisure purposes. Trips can be planned entirely on your own or with the help of a tour operator.

Tour: A tour is a travel arrangement in which someone else provides all or part of the transportation, accommodations, and sightseeing. Tours are more expensive than trips, but they often have more flexibility and include extras such as meals and guided tours.

When is it a good time to take a trip?

When is it a good time to take a tour.

Trip vs Tour: What’s the difference?

When you take a trip, you’re typically on your own. You can go when and where you want, and schedule your own activities. A trip can be a great way to explore a new place on your own, without having to worry about what other people are doing. If you’re looking for an adventure and want to interact with local residents, then a tour may be better for you. A tour will typically include scheduled activities and visits with locals, which gives you the opportunity to learn more about the culture and history of the destination.

When is it a good time to take a tour? That is a difficult question to answer as there are so many factors that come into play. Some people might say that it is always a good time to take a tour because you never know what you will learn and where you will be visiting. Others might say that it is not a good time to take a tour if you are feeling rushed or if you have other things that you want to do. Ultimately, the best time to take a tour depends on your own specific needs and desires.

Trip vs Tour: Conclusion

When you are on a trip, there is an expectation that you will explore the destination. A tour, on the other hand, is a guided experience where you are given specific information about the sights and sounds of your destination. While both can be fun and rewarding experiences, there are key distinctions to keep in mind when making your decision. If you are looking for a more personalized experience, then consider taking a trip rather than booking a tour.

Travel vs Trip – Difference

What is the difference between Travel and Trip?

These two words frequently confuse learners of English.

A quick explanation that is valid for most situations is the following:

Travel – a verb (the action) Trip – a noun

Susan’s husband isn’t in town at the moment; he is on a business trip . He travels to many different countries. Susan met her husband on a trip to the Bahamas.

Travel – to go from one place to another Trip – a journey that is often for a short period of time.

NOTE: There are some exceptions to the general rule above.

Travel can also be a noun when it refers to the act of traveling.

Travel is difficult in that part of the country since there are no paved roads.
Travel broadens your mind.

Sometimes Travel appears in plural form and in that case is normally preceded by a possessive adjective (my travels, his travels etc.)

She has had many adventures in her travels .
I have never seen any as strange as that in all of my travels .

Trip can also be a verb though it has a completely different meaning. To Trip – to accidentally stumble and almost fall while walking or running, usually after catching your foot on something.

He didn’t see the cat and he tripped up.

Trip vs. Journey

A trip usually refers to traveling to a place and returning back to where you started. A journey usually implies traveling from one place to another (not necessarily returning to where you started). It sometimes refers to the length of time taken to go from one place to another.

They went on a journey through South America that lasted 6 months.
It is a three-day journey by train.

Some more uses of the word Trip

A day trip usually refers to a tourist activity that occupies your entire day. A business trip is when you travel for business reasons. A round trip means to travel somewhere and return to place of original, there and back (= a return trip)

Summary Chart

The difference between Travel and Trip in English

What is the best trip you have ever had?

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Understanding the Distinction: Travel, Trip, and Journey Explained

Zackary Hooper

Ever find yourself scratching your head over when to use ‘travel’, ‘trip’, or ‘journey’? Me too. In fact, these terms are commonly misused by even the most well-traveled folks among us.

Table of Contents

As an English language aficionado and travel enthusiast, I dove deep into linguistic resources to clear up this confusion once and for all. This blog will guide you through the nuances of these three words , helping you navigate your way to flawless English usage in any travel context .

Ready for departure?

Key Takeaways

Travel refers to going to a place, especially far away.
Trip involves traveling from one place to another, usually for a short period of time.
Journey implies traveling from one place to another without necessarily returning.
Proper usage of these terms is essential in effectively conveying our experiences.

Definition and Differences between Travel, Trip, and Journey

Travel is a verb that means going to a place, especially far away, while trip refers to the process of traveling from one place to another, usually for a short time. Journey, on the other hand, implies traveling from one place to another without necessarily returning.

Travel as a verb meaning to go to a place, especially far away

Travel, as a verb, emphasizes the act of moving from one location to another. This movement often involves significant distance between the two points. For instance, you might say you are traveling to Europe or Asia from America – places that are undoubtedly quite far from each other.

Notably, travel doesn’t always require a return trip; it merely notes the action of going somewhere far . Even voyages into space can be considered travel! So next time you utter “I love to travel,” note that this phrase speaks volumes about your passion for exploring distant destinations and embracing new experiences on a broader geographic scale .

Trip as the process of traveling from one place to another, usually for a short time

When we talk about a trip, we’re referring to the act of traveling from one place to another. It’s usually for a short period of time and involves moving between different locations .

Think of it as going on a vacation or taking a quick getaway. A trip can be as short as a day or extend over several days, but it generally doesn’t involve staying in one place for an extended period.

So whether you’re heading out on a road trip with friends or catching a flight to explore new cities, remember that a trip is all about the process of getting from point A to point B , enjoying the journey along the way.

Journey as traveling from one place to another, not necessarily returning

A journey is all about the experience of traveling from one place to another, without the expectation of returning . It can be a long and exciting adventure, with multiple destinations along the way.

Unlike a trip or travel, which often involves going somewhere and then coming back, a journey implies forward movement and exploration . It’s like embarking on a voyage of discovery, where you’re eager to see what lies ahead and open to new experiences.

Whether it’s backpacking through Europe or sailing around the world, a journey offers endless possibilities for exploration and self-discovery .

Common Uses and Examples of Travel, Trip, and Journey

– Travel: “I love traveling to different countries , experiencing new cultures and exploring exotic destinations.

– Trip: “We took a weekend trip to the beach, enjoying sun-kissed days and relaxing by the seaside.”

– Journey: “His journey across the desert was filled with challenges and self-discovery as he embarked on a soul-searching adventure.”

Travel: “I love to travel to different countries.”

I absolutely adore exploring different countries . Experiencing new cultures, trying unique cuisines , and immersing myself in unfamiliar landscapes is what makes travel so thrilling for me.

Whether it’s wandering through ancient ruins in Greece or hiking through the vibrant jungles of Costa Rica, I find immense joy in venturing beyond my comfort zone and discovering all that the world has to offer.

Travel opens my eyes to different perspectives and allows me to create lasting memories that I cherish forever.

Trip: “We went on a business trip to New York.”

Last week, I had the opportunity to go on a business trip to New York . It was an exciting experience that allowed me to explore the bustling city and meet with important clients . During the trip, we visited various companies , attended conferences , and even had some time to enjoy the sights and sounds of New York.

Being able to immerse myself in a different environment for a short period of time was both refreshing and educational. Overall, it was a successful trip that helped us strengthen our professional relationships and achieve our business goals.

Journey: “His journey around the world took him three years.”

I embarked on a three-year journey around the world, exploring new cultures and experiencing incredible adventures along the way. From bustling cities to remote villages, my journey allowed me to immerse myself in different landscapes and meet fascinating people from all walks of life.

It was a transformative experience that broadened my horizons and shaped my perspective on the world.

Clarifying Misuses of Travel, Trip, and Journey

Many people mistakenly use the term “travel” for short distances, but it should be reserved for going to faraway places. To understand the proper usage of these words, read on!

Incorrect uses of travel: “He traveled to the grocery store.”

Using the word “travel” to describe a short trip to the grocery store is incorrect. Travel usually refers to going to a distant place, especially far away. So, it’s important to use this term appropriately and not for everyday local trips like grocery stores.

Proper uses of the terms: “I traveled to Europe.”

I traveled to Europe for my summer vacation. It was an exciting travel experience filled with new cultures, delicious food, and breathtaking sights. The proper use of the term “travel” in this context refers to going somewhere far away , especially to a different country or continent .

In this case, I embarked on an adventure from my home country to Europe, immersing myself in each destination’s rich history and vibrant atmosphere. Traveling to Europe broadened my horizons and created memories that will last a lifetime.

Understanding the Nuances between Travel, Trip, and Journey

Travel, trip, and journey may seem similar, but they each have their own nuances. Read on to delve deeper into the distinctions between these terms and how to use them correctly in your everyday conversations.

Travel focuses on the action of going to a distant place.

Travel allows us to embark on exciting journeys to faraway destinations. It is the act of physically moving from one place to another , often to distant locations . Whether it’s exploring a new country , immersing ourselves in different cultures , or experiencing thrilling adventures , travel is all about the exhilarating action of venturing beyond our comfort zones .

So pack your bags and get ready for an incredible journey filled with unforgettable experiences!

Trip emphasizes the process of traveling and staying in a place.

A trip is all about the journey itself and the experience of being in a specific place . It focuses on the process of traveling from one location to another, while also emphasizing the time spent staying in that particular place.

Whether you’re taking a short weekend trip to a nearby city or embarking on a week-long vacation, a trip is about immersing yourself in new surroundings and enjoying everything that destination has to offer.

Journey implies a longer and more significant travel experience.

When embarking on a journey, you can expect a more extensive and meaningful travel experience . Unlike a simple trip or travel, a journey often involves exploring multiple destinations or pursuing a specific purpose .

It encompasses the idea of venturing into the unknown and embracing new challenges along the way. Whether it’s an epic road trip across several countries or a spiritual pilgrimage to sacred sites, a journey offers an opportunity for personal growth and transformation .

It allows you to immerse yourself in different cultures , navigate unfamiliar terrain, and create lasting memories. So if you’re seeking an adventure that goes beyond mere transportation from point A to point B, set out on a journey that will take you further and leave an indelible mark on your soul.

Conclusion and Importance of Using the Correct Terms

Understanding the distinctions between travel , trip, and journey is crucial in accurately conveying our experiences . By using these terms correctly, we can communicate more effectively and avoid confusion .

So whether we’re embarking on a short trip or a life-changing journey , let’s remember to use the right words to describe our adventures ! Keep exploring and keep traveling!

1. What is the difference between travel, trip, and journey?

Travel refers to the act of going from one place to another, while a trip is a specific instance of traveling for a particular purpose or destination. A journey, on the other hand, implies a longer and more meaningful experience that may involve personal growth or transformation.

2. Can you give examples of each term – travel, trip, and journey?

Sure! Travel can include activities like flying to a different country or taking a road trip across states. A trip could be going on vacation to Disneyland or visiting family over the holidays. And a journey might involve backpacking through Europe for several months or embarking on a spiritual retreat.

3. Is there any overlap between these terms?

Yes, there can be some overlap between these terms depending on context. For example, someone’s “trip” may also be considered their “journey” if it involves self-discovery or exploration. Similarly, long-term travel experiences may encompass both the notions of “travel” and “journey.”

4. How does understanding the distinction between these terms help in communication?

Understanding the distinction between travel, trip, and journey helps in effective communication as it allows us to accurately describe our experiences and intentions when discussing our travels with others. It provides clarity and avoids confusion by using appropriate terminology when sharing stories or making plans involving different types of travel experiences.

About the author

I’ve been fortunate to visit over fifty countries, each journey leaving a unique footprint on my life’s map. From bustling cities to serene nature trails, I’ve immersed myself in different cultures and experiences, constantly broadening my understanding of the world. On this site, I share my travel stories, tips, and insights, hoping to inspire others to embark on their own journeys. Join me as we uncover the beauty of our planet, one adventure at a time. Please reach out here if you need to get in touch.

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Travel vs. Trip vs. Journey

The act of going to another place (often for a short period of time) and returning.

We took a five-day trip to the Amazon.
You’re back from vacation! How was your trip ?
I went on business trips to Switzerland and Germany last month.

Use the verbs “take” and “go on” with trip .

A round-trip ticket is a ticket for going and coming back.
A one-way ticket is only for going.

Travel (v.)

Going to another place (in general).

I really like to travel.
He travels frequently for work.
My sister is currently traveling through South America.

Travel (n.) can be used to describe the act of traveling in general:

Travel in that region of the country is dangerous.
World travel gives you a new perspective.

Incorrect uses of travel :

I bought this shirt on my travel to Thailand. I bought this shirt on my trip to Thailand.
I’m planning a travel to the U.S. next year. I’m planning to travel to the U.S. next year. I’m planning a trip to the U.S. next year.

Journey (n.)

One piece of travel (going from one place to another) – usually a long distance.

The journey takes 3 hours by plane or 28 hours by bus.
He made the 200-mile journey by bike.
“A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step” – Lao-tze, Tao Te Ching

We can also use journey in a more “metaphorical” way to talk about progress in life:

He has overcome a lot of problems on his spiritual journey.
My uncle is an alcoholic, but he’s beginning the journey of recovery.

Quiz: Travel, Trip, or Journey

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Travel, trip, journey, tour, voyage: meaning and use

When talking about traveling in English, we often come across words like “travel”, “trip”, “journey”, “voyage”, and “tour”. Although they all relate to traveling, the question often arises: what is the difference between them?

Travel is a general term that describes the process of moving from one place to another, usually over a significant distance. It can refer to any journey, regardless of its duration or purpose. For example:

“I love to travel and explore new cultures.”

Trip refers to a specific journey with a particular purpose, which usually includes returning to the starting point. This word is often used when referring to short journeys or vacations. For example:

“We went on a trip to the mountains for the weekend.”

Journey is a word that can describe a physical journey from one place to another, but it can also have a deeper meaning, describing a personal or spiritual process of growth or change. For example:

“Her journey to becoming a doctor was challenging but rewarding.”

Voyage refers to a long journey, usually by sea or into space. For example:

“Before the 20th century, long sea voyages were common.”

Tour is a journey during which several places are visited, especially during a vacation.

“We went on a tour of Italy.”

Let’s examine each word in more detail, including its grammar, meaning, and examples of usage.

Travel – Meaning and usage

“ Travel ” is the most general term used to refer to the act of moving from one place to another. You can “travel” to faraway countries as well as nearby regions.

As a verb, “travel” means “to go from one place to another, usually over a considerable distance”. It can be used for physical journeys as well as for the movement of objects or information.
As a noun, “travel” is used to describe the activity of traveling or specific journeys.
“Travel” can be both a regular verb and an uncountable noun.
In verb form, “travel” is conjugated with different tenses and persons, e.g., “travels”, “travelled”, “travelling” (British English), or “traveling” (American English).
As a noun, “travel” is usually used in the singular form without an article, e.g., “Travel is an important part of my life”.
Verb : “I love to travel around the world.”
Noun : “His travel experiences were documented in a blog.”
“She travels to work by train every day.”
“During his summer vacation, he went on a travel adventure across Europe.”
“The news about the discovery travelled fast across the internet.”

Trip – Meaning and usage

“ Trip ” usually refers to a short journey there and back, with a specific purpose. For example, you can take “a trip” to another city or the mountains for the weekend.

As a noun , “trip” means a journey to a place where you stay for a short time and then return. It can be a journey for the purpose of leisure, work, study, etc.
As a verb , “trip” can mean to stumble or make a mistake, but in the context of traveling, it is used less often and may mean to travel with light, quick steps.
As a noun , “trip” is countable, so it can have a plural form “trips”.
As a verb , “trip” is conjugated in different tenses: “trips”, “tripped”, “tripping”.
Noun : “We went on a trip to Paris last summer.”
Verb : “Be careful not to trip over the rug.”
“The business trip to Tokyo was very productive.”
“Our school organized a trip to the museum.”
“He tripped and fell while hiking in the mountains.”
“She tripped over her shoelaces and dropped her groceries.”

“Trip” can also be used metaphorically, as in the expressions “guilt trip” (a feeling of guilt induced by another person) or “power trip” (an excessive or unjustified desire for power).

Journey – Meaning and usage

“ Journey ” can mean a long voyage, often with challenges or adventures. “Life’s journey” is an idiomatic expression referring to one’s path in life.

As a noun , “journey” refers to the act of traveling from one place to another, especially when done by vehicle. It can be a physical journey, such as traveling a distance, or a metaphorical meaning, such as a journey through life or a personal experience.
As a verb (although this usage is quite literary), “journey” means to travel.
As a noun , “journey” is countable, so it can have a plural form “journeys”.
As a verb , “journey” is conjugated in different tenses: “journeys”, “journeyed”, “journeying”.
Noun : “The journey from London to Edinburgh takes about four hours by train.”
Verb : “They journeyed across the desert for days.”
“Her journey to recovery after the accident was inspiring.”
“We embarked on a long journey through the mountains.”
“As we journeyed further north, the weather became colder.”

“Journey” can also be used metaphorically to describe a long process of change or growth, such as “a journey of self-discovery” or “a spiritual journey”.

Tour – Meaning and usage

“ Tour ” refers to an organized excursion or route led by a guide. For example, travel companies offer “tours” to popular attractions.

As a noun , “tour” means a visit to a place or area, especially for the purpose of sightseeing and learning about it. It can also be a trip for pleasure, especially as a vacation, visiting several different places in an area.
As a verb , “tour” means to travel somewhere, e.g., to spend a month touring (around/in) Kenya.
As a noun , “tour” is countable, so it can have a plural form “tours”.
As a verb , “tour” is conjugated in different tenses: “tours”, “toured”, “touring”.
Noun : “We went on a tour of the museum.”
Verb : “The band is currently touring to promote their new album.”
“They took a guided tour of the historic city.”
“Our company organizes tours to various countries.”
“Next year, the theater group will tour in Asia.”
“She has been touring as a solo artist for two years.”

“Tour” can also be used metaphorically, such as “a tour of duty,” meaning a period of service, especially in the military.

Voyage – Meaning and usage

“ Voyage ” mainly refers to sea or space journeys. This word conveys a sense of adventure and exploration of new territories. The term is often used to describe long-distance travels.

As a noun , “voyage” refers to a long journey, especially by sea. It can be used to describe long sailing journeys on ships or travels across oceans.
As a verb (although this usage is quite literary), “voyage” means to travel, usually over great distances.
As a noun , “voyage” is countable, so it can have a plural form “voyages”.
As a verb , “voyage” is conjugated in different tenses: “voyages”, “voyaged”, “voyaging”.
Noun : “The voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.”
Verb : “They voyaged through the Mediterranean on their yacht.”
“Christopher Columbus’s voyage to America was a pivotal event in history.”
“The astronauts’ voyage to the moon captured the world’s imagination.”
“During the 18th century, many explorers voyaged to the Pacific Islands.”
“She always dreamed of going on a voyage around the world.”

“Voyage” can also be used metaphorically, for example, “a voyage of discovery” means the process of learning or exploring the unknown.

Knowing these distinctions will allow you to choose the right word to describe your experience and impressions. This will not only improve your understanding of the English language but also help avoid misunderstandings when communicating with others.

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Tour vs. Travel

What's the difference.

Tour and travel are two closely related concepts that involve exploring new places and experiencing different cultures. While tour refers to a planned and organized trip with a specific itinerary, travel is a broader term that encompasses any journey or movement from one place to another. Tours are often guided and include prearranged accommodations, transportation, and activities, providing a structured and hassle-free experience for travelers. On the other hand, travel can be more spontaneous and flexible, allowing individuals to explore at their own pace and make their own arrangements. Both tour and travel offer unique opportunities for discovery, adventure, and personal growth, catering to different preferences and travel styles.

Further Detail

Introduction.

When it comes to exploring new destinations and experiencing different cultures, two popular options that come to mind are tours and independent travel. Both have their own unique attributes and advantages, catering to different preferences and travel styles. In this article, we will delve into the various aspects of tours and travel, comparing their attributes to help you make an informed decision for your next adventure.

1. Planning and Organization

One of the key differences between tours and travel lies in the level of planning and organization required. Tours are pre-arranged itineraries that are meticulously planned by tour operators. They take care of all the logistics, including accommodation, transportation, and activities. This can be a great advantage for those who prefer a hassle-free experience, as everything is taken care of, allowing you to simply enjoy the journey.

On the other hand, independent travel requires more personal planning and organization. You have the freedom to choose your own itinerary, accommodation, and transportation options. This flexibility allows you to tailor your trip according to your preferences and interests. However, it also means that you need to invest time and effort into researching and making arrangements, which can be both exciting and challenging.

2. Flexibility and Freedom

When it comes to flexibility and freedom, independent travel takes the lead. As mentioned earlier, you have the freedom to create your own itinerary and make spontaneous decisions along the way. You can explore off-the-beaten-path destinations, stay longer in places you love, or change your plans as you go. This level of flexibility allows for a more immersive and personalized travel experience.

On the other hand, tours often follow a fixed schedule and itinerary. While this may limit your freedom to some extent, it also ensures that you don't miss out on popular attractions and experiences. Tours often include expert guides who provide valuable insights and knowledge about the destinations, enhancing your overall understanding and appreciation of the places you visit.

3. Social Interaction

If you enjoy meeting new people and socializing during your travels, tours can be a fantastic option. Joining a tour group allows you to connect with like-minded individuals from different parts of the world. You can share experiences, exchange travel tips, and create lasting friendships. This social aspect of tours can be particularly appealing for solo travelers or those who prefer a ready-made social network.

On the other hand, independent travel offers a different kind of social interaction. It provides opportunities to interact with locals on a deeper level, immersing yourself in the local culture and traditions. You can stay in local guesthouses, eat at neighborhood restaurants, and engage in authentic experiences that may not be part of a typical tour itinerary. This can lead to more meaningful connections and a richer cultural experience.

4. Cost and Budget

Cost is an important factor to consider when comparing tours and travel. Tours often come with a fixed price that includes accommodation, transportation, and activities. This can make budgeting easier, as you know the total cost upfront. Additionally, tour operators often have established relationships with suppliers, allowing them to negotiate better deals and pass on the savings to the travelers.

On the other hand, independent travel allows you to have more control over your expenses. You can choose budget-friendly accommodation options, eat at local eateries, and decide which activities are worth the investment. However, it's important to note that unexpected expenses can arise during independent travel, such as transportation delays or last-minute changes in plans, which may impact your budget.

5. Safety and Security

When it comes to safety and security, both tours and independent travel have their own advantages. Tours often provide a sense of security, as you are accompanied by experienced guides who are familiar with the destination. They can offer guidance, handle any unforeseen situations, and ensure your safety throughout the trip.

On the other hand, independent travel requires you to take responsibility for your own safety. While this may seem daunting, it also allows you to exercise caution and make informed decisions based on your own judgment. By researching the destination, understanding local customs, and taking necessary precautions, you can have a safe and enjoyable travel experience.

In conclusion, both tours and independent travel have their own unique attributes and advantages. Tours offer convenience, organization, and the opportunity to meet new people, while independent travel provides flexibility, freedom, and a deeper cultural immersion. The choice between the two ultimately depends on your personal preferences, travel style, and the type of experience you seek. Whether you opt for a guided tour or decide to embark on an independent adventure, the most important thing is to embrace the journey and create unforgettable memories.

Comparisons may contain inaccurate information about people, places, or facts. Please report any issues.

Difference Between Tour & Travel

Tour and travel might appear similar, but there is a difference between the two terms. A tour is usually undertaken for enjoyment and relaxation, while travel is an uncountable noun and cannot be used with an indefinite article.

Key Takeaways

Tour is typically taken for enjoyment and relaxation, whereas travel can have various purposes.
Travel is an uncountable noun and cannot be used with an indefinite article.
A tour usually takes a longer time to complete, while travel can be short too.

The word “travel” is often used without a definite article, as in the sentence “Ms. Jasmine’s hobbies are travel, philately and music.” However, “travels” can be used to indicate several trips taken during a tour or to describe a long trip, although this usage is rare.

On the other hand, a tour often implies a specific purpose, such as educational tours, sports tours, or music tours. In each of these examples, a purpose is meant. For instance, during a music tour, musicians travel from one place to another in a country to perform and entertain audiences. Throughout the tour, music is the primary purpose, although the musicians may also take a few travels to nearby places for leisure.

The word “traveling” is sometimes used as a substitute for “travel,” as in the sentence “Robert likes traveling.” The meaning does not change in this case, as the gerund “ing” in “traveling” conveys the same meaning as “travel.” A tour typically takes a long time to complete, whereas travel can be short. Multiple travels can occur within a tour.

Difference Between Trip and Tour

Trip and tour are words that have similar meanings yet are different. Most of us are confused regarding their usage as they have similar meanings. Both the words “trip” and “tour” are used as a noun as well as a verb. In this article, we learn about the difference between “trip” and “tour.”

Difference between trip and tour

Meaning of Trip

The word “trip” is used as a noun as well as a verb. Generally, when “trip” is a noun, it means a short outing for pleasure or some other reason, like business purposes. For example, Mary went to a museum on a trip with her friends. When “trip” is a verb, it refers to stumbling over an object or losing balance while moving. It also means to activate an electrical system with a switch.

Usage of Trip

The word “trip” is mostly used when we want to refer to journeys for a short period for pleasure or some other reason, like business purposes. It also refers to stumbling over an object or falling.

We are planning a trip to Lonavala in the next month. Here, the word “trip” is a noun, which refers to a small outing.
Vicky tripped over a stone and fell. Here, the word “trip” is a verb, which refers to stumbling over an object and losing balance.
I’m planning to go on a trip this weekend.
Prerna went to Delhi on a business trip.
He went to the zoo on a school trip.
Did you trip the alarm?
I stopped wearing stilettos because I tripped and fell down the last time, I wore them.
Vijay fell as Soha stuck out a leg to trip him up.

In the examples given above, the word “trip” is a noun in the first three sentences, while it is a verb in the last three sentences.

Meaning of Tour

The word “tour” is used as a noun as well as a verb. Usually, when “tour” is used as a noun, it refers to long journeys to several places for pleasure. It can also be an exploration of a building, estate, country, etc., or a tour of duty. For example, I had gone on a tour around my farms in our village. It can also be a journey for particular purposes like business, sports, politics, research, etc. When “tour” is used as a verb, it means to make a journey or to go around a place.

Usage of Tour

The word “tour” is mostly used when we want to refer to longer journeys to various places over days to enjoy and relax. It also means to make a journey or to go around a place.

I have been planning to go on a world tour for a long time. Here, the word “tour” is a noun, which refers to a long journey to several places.
The mayor of the town toured all the schools in the town yesterday. Here, the word “tour” is a verb, which refers to traveling from one place to another.
Sheela and her husband returned last night from their Singapore tour.
Did you remember the crazy things we did on our last tour?
When we were young, we used to go on tours during every summer vacation.
The head of the opposition party is touring all over India with his followers.
They have been touring around Europe for the last few weeks.
We are touring Australia to expand our business.

In the examples given above, the word “tour” is a noun in the first three sentences, while it is a verb in the last three sentences.

In this article, we have discussed the differences between “trip” and “tour,” as well as their meaning and usage, with examples. Hence, we can conclude that though the words “trip” and “tour” have similar meanings, they are used in different contexts.

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Key Differences

Know the Differences & Comparisons

Difference Between Travel and Tourism

While travel is a transition, tourism is possible when one reaches the ultimate destination. We all love going on trips with our families, friends and close ones. In this context, we use the words travel and tourism quite commonly. Tourism is an industry where businesses provide accommodation, transport and other facilities.

In the fundamental sense, a tourist is a person who sees places, but a traveller is someone who goes to places.

The main objective of travelling is movement, whereas the objective of tourism is for leisure.

Content: Travel Vs Tourism

Comparison chart.

What are Travellers?
Who are Travel Agents?

What is Travel?

When you travel, you go for a long trip or journey either solo or with a group of family or friends. One can use different modes of transportation like aeroplanes, trains, cars, buses and ships. It covers both domestic as well as international journeys. Travel increases your knowledge about the world, you experience the culture and traditions of that place, and also you learn what place is about.

Travelling can be for long distance, short distance, domestic, abroad, etc. It may include travelling by different ways like air, road, rail and water.

Who is a Traveller?

A traveller is someone who likes to travel light without any tour package that has a fixed schedule. Travellers believe in packing less and exploring more concepts. On travelling, people try to explore the place themselves. For that, they learn more and more about their culture and history. They also eat local cuisine, find out new places and visit their famous destinations. In other words, travellers blend with the locals. Travellers visit multiple destinations during their journey.

Who is a Travel Agent?

Travel Agent has complete information and knowledge of tourism products and services.

Also Read : Difference Between Economy Class and Business Class

What is Tourism?

In simplest terms, tourism means a travel business which covers all facilities of the service industries that cater to tourists. Tourism companies are responsible for ticket booking, visa clearance, organizing tours, accommodation facilities, transport facilities, etc.

Tourism is an industry that deals with preparing packages for tourists. Now you must be thinking – what is included in tourism? So, friends, tourism covers visiting tourist attractions, having cultural experiences, exploring natural wonders and going to new destinations. Shopping, sightseeing, entertainment, dining out at restaurants, attending cultural events, participating in adventure sports, and experiencing local culture, traditions and cuisines all form part of tourism.

Tourism is for pleasure purposes. It involves a to-and-fro trip. Tourism is a general concept in the sense that a large number of people visit places (near or distant).

Impact of Tourism in the Economy

Tourism is one of the important sectors for many economies that generate income from domestic and foreign tourists. Tourists shop a lot, so it is a source of income for the locals. It also contributes to creating jobs in hospitality industries like hotels, entertainment, transportation and restaurants. Not just this, it also increases employment opportunities for locals.

It also boosts economic growth in the country by bringing foreign money to the country, as foreign tourists spend on goods and services. However, the money is mainly utilized for the upgradation of infrastructure. Also, it takes care of the needs and wishes of the tourists.

Who are Tourists?

Any person who is away from their usual place of residence for a certain period but will return home. They participate in leisure activities. Their visit is temporary, i.e. for a short period only.

Types of Tourism

Domestic Tourism : When people go for holidays, short trips and day trips within their domestic country. For example , a Supporter of a cricket team going to watch cricket held in another city or a family outing.
Inbound Tourism : It is a form of international tourism wherein people go abroad from their home country. For Example , A group from the USA is visiting the UK for a trip.
Outbound Tourism : When people travel to visit international countries for leisure or business from their domestic country. For Example , A family from India is going to UAE on holiday.

Also Read : Difference Between Passport and Visa

Key Differences Between Travel and Tourism

While ‘travel’ means moving from one place to another, there will be a change in the location, weather and overall environment.
The term ‘travel’ is a very generic one which is used in our day-to-day lives. As against, ‘tourism’ is used by tour companies, and holiday operators often use the word ‘tourism’.
A traveller spends time with the local population and ethnic groups. He tries to understand their culture, eats local food, learns the local language, etc. In contrast, a tourist generally spends time with tourist groups. He comes to see their culture, eats different cuisines and prefers speaking English.
Travelling takes place solo or in small groups. At the same time, the tour takes place in large groups.
Tourism lays emphasis on having a lifetime experience of exploring new places and destinations. Also, in tourism, a person engages in a diverse culture.
In tourism, a planned itinerary and specific activity is present in a tour package. However, no planned itinerary and specific activity is present in travel.
When it comes to food, tourists always go to the restaurants where other tourists eat. But travellers are different; they eat where locals eat.
Tourists walk slowly, spend time in cafes, and click pictures of the places they visit or the things that attract them. As against, a traveller generally do a research on the places they visit and also checks the routes to get there. When they reach their destination, they like to know the history of that place.
Travelling takes place suddenly without any plan. But in the case of a tour, there are plans for every day, hour and in fact, moment. Furthermore, travellers can make changes to their plans depending on their needs and moods. But in tourism, people have to stick to their schedules, otherwise they miss the same.
A traveller seeks to learn the regional language so that he can communicate well with the locals to understand their lifestyle, culture, regional history and many more. Conversely, a tourist uses English as a medium of communication.

What is Ecotourism?

Ecotourism is a responsible and sustainable form of tourism. It focuses on the preservation of the environment and, at the same time, allows the visitors to have an immersive experience.

Tourism is a part of travel. However, all the travel is not tourism. Further, while a traveller is engrossed in the culture, a tourist loves to visit tourist spots at any location.

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Impact of six-month COVID-19 travel moratorium on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Dianna E. B. Hergott ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9417-4340 1 , 2 ,
Carlos A. Guerra ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-9528 3 ,
Guillermo A. García ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-4781 3 ,
Jeremías Nzamío Mba Eyono ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2604-4234 4 ,
Olivier T. Donfack 4 ,
Marcos Mbulito Iyanga 4 ,
Restituto Mba Nguema Avue 4 ,
Crisantos Nsue Abeso Nsegue 4 ,
Teresa Ayingono Ondo Mifumu 4 ,
Matilde Riloha Rivas 5 ,
Wonder P. Phiri 4 ,
Sean C. Murphy ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2048-0131 6 , 7 , 8 ,
Brandon L. Guthrie 1 , 9 ,
David L. Smith ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-3849 2 , 10 &
Jennifer E. Balkus ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-2523 1 nAff11

Nature Communications volume 15 , Article number: 8285 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

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Epidemiology
Risk factors

Importation of malaria infections is a suspected driver of sustained malaria prevalence on areas of Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Quantifying the impact of imported infections is difficult because of the dynamic nature of the disease and complexity of designing a randomized trial. We leverage a six-month travel moratorium in and out of Bioko Island during the initial COVID-19 pandemic response to evaluate the contribution of imported infections to malaria prevalence on Bioko Island. Using a difference in differences design and data from island wide household surveys conducted before (2019) and after (2020) the travel moratorium, we compare the change in prevalence between areas of low historical travel to those with high historical travel. Here, we report that in the absence of a travel moratorium, the prevalence of infection in high travel areas was expected to be 9% higher than observed, highlighting the importance of control measures that target imported infections.

The potential public health consequences of COVID-19 on malaria in Africa

Imported malaria definition and minimum data for surveillance

Cross-border malaria drivers and risk factors on the Brazil–Venezuela border between 2016 and 2018

Introduction.

Despite increased efforts and control strategies, Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria remains endemic in 85 countries and territories 1 . The increased frequency in which individuals move between and within countries has created added challenges for areas that have recently eliminated malaria, as well as those working towards elimination 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 . Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, has seen a significant decrease in malaria burden over the past two decades 11 ; however, there are several areas of the island, especially urban areas where prevalence is typically lower, that have not yet approached pre-elimination levels. These urban areas also tend to have a higher proportion of individuals who travel between Bioko Island and the mainland of Equatorial Guinea 12 , where malaria prevalence is substantially higher 7 . Several previous studies suggest that there is a high amount of importation of malaria to Bioko Island in returning travelers 13 , and that these imported infections contribute to sustained prevalence in urban areas 7 , 14 . However, previous analyses are based on retrospective reporting of travel history captured via cross-sectional surveys, and there have been no studies that have allowed for direct estimation of the impact of imported malaria cases to prevalence in high travel areas. Better estimates of the contribution of imported cases to malaria transmission are needed to inform malaria control measures.

In 2020, to address the COVID-19 pandemic and minimize local transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Equatorial Guinea imposed travel restrictions throughout the country, eliminating movement between the islands and the mainland from March to September 2020 15 . This, ostensibly, also eliminated the importation of Plasmodium infections to Bioko. The travel restriction provides a natural experiment in which the impact of imported infections can be directly assessed. Here, we compare the prevalence and odds of malaria infection before and after the travel restriction in areas that historically have had a high volume of travel to areas of historically low volume of travel using a difference in differences analysis. This allows us to directly assess the impact of imported malaria infection on prevalence on Bioko Island.

Data on malaria infection was collected before (2019) and after (2020) the travel moratorium through a household-based malaria indicator survey (MIS) with households selected from the whole island 16 , 17 . Using historical reported travel from MIS between 2015 and 2018, we use the distribution of travel frequency by enumeration area (EA) to classify areas as high travel (in the top quartile) or low travel (bottom quartile). In this work, we then compare the change in malaria prevalence and odds of infection in high and low travel areas before and after the travel mortarium to estimate the contribution of imported malaria to prevalence in high travel areas.

Travel prevalence and sample selection

In 2019 and 2020, there were 109 EAs sampled in the MIS. Based on 2015–2018 data, the range of travel prevalence to the mainland of Equatorial Guinea in each EA, defined as the smoothed proportion of individuals who had traveled in the past eight weeks 7 , ranged from 1.5% to 39.9%. We classified the EAs in the top quartile of the travel distribution ( ≥ 12.2%) as high travel areas, and those in the bottom quartile of the travel distribution ( ≤ 4.3%) as low travel areas, resulting in 56 EAs classified as high or low travel areas included in this analysis (Fig. 1 ). The distribution of households and individuals in each of the travel classifications is shown in Table 1 . Low travel areas had fewer individuals sampled compared to high travel areas, consistent with the population densities of these areas. Analyses were done using data from 12,128 of the 13,195 (92%) individuals who had non-missing data for all variables in the final analysis. There were no noticeable differences in the distribution of covariates in the full data set compared to the analytic data set.

EAs in teal are those in the top quartile of historical smoothed travel prevalence. EAs in gold are those in the bottom quartile of historical smoothed travel prevalence. EAs in gray were not selected for the analysis. EAs outlined in orange and filled with patterned dots are the areas with known land use changes over the study period.

Malaria prevalence before and after travel restrictions

The unadjusted prevalence of malaria in 2019 was 7.3% in low travel areas (95% CI: 4.5, 10.1), and 13.6% in high travel areas (95% CI: 12.4, 14.9). In 2020, prevalence in low travel areas increased to 12.8% (95% CI: 7.2, 18.5) while decreasing to 11.8% in high travel areas (95% CI: 10.0, 13.5), representing a prevalence difference of 5.5% (95% CI: 0.9, 10.1), and −1.9% (95% CI: −3.2, −0.5), respectively (Table 2 ). Assuming parallel trends in high and low travel areas, the Pf prevalence difference in high travel areas was 7.4% lower than would have been expected in the absence of the travel moratorium (95% CI: −12.1%, −2.6%), without adjustment.

A variety of factors known to be related to malaria risk were compared between 2019 and 2020 within each of the travel groups (Supplementary Table 1 ). Of those evaluated, time that individuals went indoors, insecticide spray coverage, within island travel, and presence of air conditioning showed significant differences between years and were included in the final model. The proportion of individuals who reported going inside their house before 7 pm increased 2.5% in low travel areas (22.5% vs. 25.1%) and 6% in high travel areas (29.2% vs. 35.4%). The proportion of households sprayed with insecticide decreased in 2020 (35.1%) compared to 2019 (46.9%) in low travel areas, whereas the spray coverage in high travel areas was higher in 2020 compared to 2019 (57.2% vs. 28.3%), consistent with the targeted IRS approach of the program 18 . The proportion of respondents who indicated they traveled within the island (and spent at least one night away from their home) in the past eight weeks decreased from 2019 to 2020 in both low travel areas (18.8% vs. 13.3%) and high travel areas (13.2% vs. 9.1%). The proportion of households with air-conditioning increased 6% in high travel areas from 2019 to 2020 (32.7% vs. 38.5%). There were also significant decreases in care-seeking behavior among respondents who were sick from 2019 to 2020 in both low travel areas (52.1% vs. 45.2%) and high travel areas (68.4% vs. 58.4%). However, given that this variable was only available for a small fraction of respondents, inclusion of this covariate was only included in sensitivity analyses only.

When adjusting for spray coverage, going inside before 7 pm, within island travel, and air-conditioning, prevalence in low travel areas increased by 5.8% (95% CI:0.5, 11.0) between 2019 and 2020, but decreased in high travel areas by 3.4% (95% CI: −5.1, −1.8) over the same period. After adjustment, the Pf prevalence in high travel areas was 9.2% lower than would have been expected in the absence of the travel moratorium (95% CI: −14.7%, −3.7%). Full model outputs are available in Supplementary Table 2 .

Similar results were seen when evaluating the relationship on a relative scale. Comparing the change from 2019 to 2020 in high travel areas to low travel areas, the unadjusted odds of Pf infection after the travel moratorium were 55% lower in high travel areas (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.71) than would be expected. Following adjustment, odds of infection was 62% lower in high travel areas compared to what would have been expected based on trends in low travel areas (aOR=0.38; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.63). Full results are shown in Supplementary Table 3 and Supplementary Fig. 1 .

Sensitivity analyses

There were three areas on the island, composed of seven EAs, with known land use changes over the study period that may have impacted risk of malaria transmission, outlined by orange in Fig. 1 . Three of these EAs on the western coast were included in our analysis. Evaluation of estimated prevalence in 2019 and 2020 in these three areas showed that in two of the three EAs, the observed prevalence difference between years was greater than the average difference in the low travel group (Supplementary Table 4 ). When we removed these three EAs from the analysis, the Pf prevalence difference in high travel areas was 5.4% lower than would have been expected in the absence of the travel moratorium (95% CI: −9.0, −1.7) in the unadjusted analysis and 6.8% lower than expected in the adjusted analysis (95% CI: −10.5, −3.1) (Supplementary Table 5 ). Comparing the relative change from 2019 to 2020 in high travel areas to low travel areas, the adjusted odds of Pf infection after the travel moratorium were 54% lower in high travel areas (aOR= 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.76) (Supplementary Table 3 ).

There was a decrease in care-seeking behavior in both travel groups from 2019 to 2020, which may result in fewer malaria infections being cleared. To evaluate the possible impact of this behavior, we created an EA level variable for care seeking, calculated as the proportion of those who were sick that sought care within each EA. Adding this variable to the model did not change the outcome: after adjustment, the Pf prevalence in high travel areas was 9.3% lower than would have been expected in the absence of the travel moratorium (95% CI: −14.5%, −4.0%). (Supplementary Table 6 ).

Given that most high travel areas are more urban (stratum 2) and low travel areas are more rural (stratum 1), we ran the analysis separately by stratum and conducted an analysis on a subset of high travel rural areas ( n = 5) compared to low travel urban areas ( n = 11) to verify that the observed changes were due to travel and not other differences between urban and rural areas over the analysis period. In stratified analyses, the Pf prevalence difference in was slightly greater rural areas (−10.4%, 95% CI: −19.5%, −1.2%) compared to urban areas (−8.3%, 95% CI: −14.8%, −1.8%), but the overall trend remained (Supplementary Table 7 ). In the subset analysis, results were similar to the full data set; prevalence in high travel areas decreased 6.9% (95% CI: −15%, 1.5%) more than what was expected in the unadjusted model and 8.5% (95% CI: −18.1%, 1.9%) more than expected in the fully adjusted model.

Model Validity

For the results of a difference in differences model to be valid, the parallel trends assumption must hold 19 . Using data from 2015-2018, the mean prevalence in high and low travel EAs was calculated and plotted with unweighted data from 2019 and 2020. Figure 2 indicates that the trend from 2015 to 2019 was similar in low and high travel groups, and then diverged in 2020 when travel was stopped. A generalized linear mixed effects model with individual level data of the Pf positivity for 2015 to 2019 among high and low travel areas, with an interaction term for each year and travel group showed a consistent difference in prevalence of around 7% between high and low travel areas. There was no significant difference in prevalence difference between the two areas except for 2017, when the difference in prevalence between the two areas was 2.7% lower than the difference in 2015 ( p = 0.005) (Supplementary Table 8 ). This divergence from trend may have been due to increased construction in several areas in the low travel group during this year. Removing those two areas from the model resulted in a decreased difference (1.9%) which was no longer significant ( p = 0.052). The model was repeated using a random sample of 80% of the data for 50 iterations. The interaction in 2017 was significant in almost all the iterations (39/50). All other years showed significant difference in <8% of iterations.

The 95% confidence intervals (CI) from the grouped mean estimates are shown at each point estimate. The dashed line represents predicted prevalence in 2020 in a counterfactual scenario with no travel moratorium. Prevalence estimates from each enumeration area (EA) in each year are presented as points, and their size is proportional to the number of individuals tested within the EA. The total number of individuals included in the calculation for each year is as follows: 2015: high ( n = 5889), low ( n = 3560); 2016: high ( n = 5097), low( n = 2799); 2017: high ( n = 5050), low( n = 2642); 2018: high ( n = 4861), low ( n = 2647); 2019: high ( n = 4532), low( n = 2354); 2020: high ( n = 4346), low ( n = 1957).

Simulation models suggest there are areas of Bioko Island in which high proportions of malaria prevalence can be attributed to infections acquired while traveling to higher burden areas 7 , 13 , 14 . A recent model suggested that drastically reducing the number of imported infections between Bioko Island and the mainland could significantly reduce prevalence in areas with a high proportion of travelers 14 . However, prior to 2020, there were, understandably, no intervention studies nor other data to definitively support the model simulations. Travel restrictions imposed as a measure to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 provided an opportunity to directly evaluate the impact of imported infections. We observed that in the absence of travel, prevalence in historically high travel areas decreased by 2%, while prevalence in low travel areas increased by 5% over the same period. This suggests that, assuming parallel trends, in the absence of the travel moratorium, one would have expected Pf prevalence to be 7% higher in high travel areas than what was observed. When adjusting for spray coverage, time one went indoors, within island travel, and air conditioning, the difference in trends increased to 9% and remained significant.

In 2019, prior to the travel restrictions, odds of malaria infection were two to three times higher in areas of Bioko Island with a historically high proportion of travelers, relative to areas of historically low travel. This finding is similar to a 2013 analysis that showed infection risk was greater in children living in areas with the highest proportion of travelers 13 . In 2020, when the movement of individuals was restricted, there was no difference in risk of malaria infection observed in high travel areas compared to low travel areas. This observation both further supports the hypothesis that a significant fraction of the Pf prevalence observed in high travel areas could be explained by imported infections 7 , while also suggesting that malaria risk in these areas is not solely driven by importation. Interestingly, when we looked at the impact of travel within urban and rural stratum, the difference in prevalence in 2019 between high and low travel areas, as well as the change in prevalence observed overtime and comparing groups, was greater in the rural strata (−10.4%, 95% CI: −19.5, −1.2) compared to the urban strata (−8.3%, 95%CI: −14.8, −1.8). This may be explained by the higher receptivity to onward transmission of imported cases in rural areas. If this is the case, imported infections would demonstrate a multiplicative effect on prevalence because they contribute to more secondary infections than imported cases in urban areas.

Previous analyses have suggested there may be areas where malaria prevalence is solely attributable to imported infection 7 , as several of these locations are in urban centers where there is generally improved infrastructure and fewer mosquitoes. If this were true, it would have been anticipated that the risk in high travel areas would be substantially less relative to low travel areas once importation was eliminated. However, this analysis showed sustained prevalence and no difference in odds of infection in the absence of travel. One explanation for this finding is that there was still residual travel occurring, even with the travel moratorium, which allowed infections to continue to be imported during 2020. While a small percentage of individuals did report travel in the past 8 weeks in the 2020 MIS (1%), it seems unlikely that this would sustain the observed prevalence in the population of high travel areas. Another explanation is that infections in high travel areas were acquired through travel to other areas of the island. There is often frequent travel within the island, especially between Malabo and areas in the periphery, where the force of infection is significantly higher 12 , 14 . In 2019, residents in both high and low travel areas reported an average of 1 trip to another part of the island in the past 8 weeks (range: 1-5 trips), which did not substantially change in 2020. Therefore, it is possible that the remaining prevalence in high travel areas is from within-island parasite movement. However, there was no significant difference seen between prevalence in those who reported within island travel and those who did not in 2020 (Supplementary Table 9 ), suggesting this does not offer a full explanation. A final possibility is that high travel areas are receptive to local transmission, and levels of endemic transmission persist even when imported infections are removed. This is supported by a 2019 incidence study conducted in Malabo, which suggests local transmission is occurring in peri-urban areas in Malabo district 20 . In that study, while travelers tended to be more likely to have an infection, no incident infections related to travel were identified, supporting the hypothesis that there is local transmission occurring, even in areas where travel is common. In addition, recent entomological monitoring in urban Malabo using human landing catches 21 and larval collections have confirmed the presence of anopheline vectors showing varying levels of human biting rates and larval densities across the city (Supplementary Fig. 2 ). Therefore, the results of this analysis suggest that control strategies that aim to reduce the malaria burden in travelers, either by reducing the burden in the areas where they travel, and/or by treating returning travelers, would impact the overall prevalence in several communities in Bioko. Additionally, control measures that aim to reduce local transmission, such as IRS, distribution of LLINs, and larval source management should be continued, even if additional interventions that target imported infections are introduced. Further analyses are needed to better understand the role of importation and local transmission at a more granular level.

The interpretation of our results depends on several assumptions. First, it is assumed that the change in prevalence in low travel areas is a valid estimate of the change we would expect in the high travel areas in the absence of imported infections. That is, the two areas had parallel trends prior to the elimination of travel 19 . While it is difficult to definitively verify this assumption, comparing data in high and low travel areas from 2015-2019 suggests similar trends over time. In 2017, the difference in prevalence between the two groups was significantly smaller than in all other years, possibly due to some large, transient increases in prevalence in a few low travel areas due to construction projects. Changes in the ecological landscape are difficult to measure and may have also differentially impacted low and high travel areas during our analytic period. For example, an outbreak occurred in 2019 in a low travel area in the south of the Island, because of recent construction that created additional breeding sites 22 . While there was no precise measure of land use changes to allow for direct adjustment in the model, we did have anecdotal information indicating seven EAs known to have major changes in land use, three of which were included in our analysis. When these EAs were removed from the analysis, the difference in differences and ratio of ratios were slightly attenuated, but still of similar magnitude and significance. Therefore, if it were possible to precisely measure changes in the ecological landscape and include them in the model, we may expect a slightly lower prevalence difference, but the conclusions would likely remain the same. Another variable that was not available at a granular level was rainfall, which can impact mosquito abundance. Inconsistent secular trends are problematic in DID models if they differentially impact the areas of interest. While there have been changes in the monthly amount of rainfall over time on Bioko, there have been increases both in high and low travel areas, and the assumption is that this would equally impact malaria transmission potential in these areas. Finally, our model assumes that enumeration areas were correctly classified as low and high travel areas. While we have high confidence in the assignment of households to the correct EA because the survey is managed through a spatial decision support program 18 , there are some low travel areas that are situated immediately next to a high travel area. Given that mosquitoes could travel between these two areas, there could be spillover effects from the imported cases into neighboring areas. If that were the case, we would expect that the prevalence in these neighboring EAs would also have decreased in 2020 compared to 2019. That was not observed, and the mean prevalence in these EAs increased 5% between the years, consistent with the overall observed trends. Calculation of travel prevalence also does not account for the frequency of trips nor possible malaria prevention measures taken while in the higher burden area, which can impact the probability of acquiring an imported infection. Having more detailed information on infection risk while traveling or detailed molecular information to classify imported and locally acquired infections would have allowed us to better delineate areas with high levels of imported cases.

Despite minimal disruptions to the distribution of antimalarials during the study period, we did note that limited MIS data suggested that care seeking decreased by about 10% in both arms between 2019 and 2020, which is similar to data reported through the DHIS2 surveillance system during this time period (internal communication with G.A. García). This decrease in care-seeking could result in increased prevalence, which may be more profound in high travel areas where there was less care-seeking overall. However, adjusting for a community-level care-seeking variable in our model did not impact the results. This is most likely because the decrease was similar in both arms, and not large enough to heavily influence prevalence.

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in early 2020 disrupted health systems around the world. As countries closed borders, limited movement, and restricted activities to curtail the initial spread of COVID-19, other public health programs were impacted. This is especially true for many malaria-endemic countries, in which COVID-19 restrictions and global supply chain issues resulted in disruptions in the distribution of long-lasting insecticide nets, application of insecticides, and availability of anti-malarial medicines 15 , 23 , 24 . The World Health Organization modeled the potential impact of disruptions to malaria interventions and estimated these disruptions could increase cases by upwards of 20% and deaths by greater than 50%, especially in scenarios where access to treatment was disrupted 25 . Similar impacts were seen during the Ebola outbreak in 2014-2015 when health systems were disrupted 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 . However, in these models and analyses, the potential impact of reducing importation and movement of Plasmodium infections was not considered 30 , 31 . This analysis shows that on Bioko Island, where malaria control interventions remained largely uninterrupted during the pandemic 15 , travel restrictions resulted in a decrease in malaria prevalence in areas with a high prevalence of travelers. It is possible that other areas with high proportions of imported infections may also have seen these decreases because of the travel restrictions, despite other interruptions to the health care system. This analysis suggests that the impact of COVID-19 on malaria burden may be underestimated in areas with a high prevalence of travelers. Additionally, as borders are now open and imported infections return, malaria control strategy discussions should include interventions that target these infections to reduce the burden.

Malaria indicator survey structure

The MIS is carried out annually on Bioko Island between August and September, as has been previously described 16 , 17 . Briefly, information on malaria risk factors, including off-island travel in the previous eight weeks, is collected from selected households. Sampling units are geographically defined enumeration areas (EAs); under this scheme all households were eligible for selection into the survey through a stratified, single-cluster survey design. To guide and track programmatic malaria activities, Bioko Island has been divided into geographically defined map areas which are 1 km x 1 km squares 32 . The 209 map areas that included households were used to define EAs for the MIS. If a map area had at least 100 households, it was its own EA; if there were fewer than 100 households in the map area, several map areas were combined (based on geographical proximity) to create an EA with at least 100 households. Before sampling, the EAs were then divided into two strata based on population density and estimated local residual transmission (LRT), which is the predicted amount of infections acquired locally 7 . To select the sample for the MIS, within each EA, a simple random sample of households was taken using specified sampling fractions for each stratum: 24% for stratum 1 (areas with lower population density and higher LRT), and 4.8% in stratum 2 (areas with higher population density and lower LRT).

All adults provided written consent for testing, and the head of household consented for anyone under the age of 18. All consenting individuals who lived in a selected household and were present during the time of the survey were tested for Plasmodium malaria parasites using a CareStart Malaria HRP2/pLDH rapid diagnostic test (RDT) (Access Bio, Somerset, NJ, USA). Individuals who were positive for malaria by RDT were provided with artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) by a Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) nurse per national policy, based on World Health Organization guidelines 33 . Data from the MIS is collected electronically through an ODKCollect form managed on an in-house Android application.

Sample selection for analysis

Smoothed mainland travel prevalence (the fraction of people surveyed who reported having traveled to the mainland in the eight weeks prior to the survey) for each map area was estimated using travel data from the 2015 to 2018 MIS, using the R-INLA package as per methods described in Guerra et al. 7 . For map areas with no estimates, the value from their nearest neighbor was utilized. If an EA was composed of multiple map areas, a weighted average was calculated from all map areas in the EA. The weight of each map area was equal to the number of households in that area out of the total number of households in the EA.

After a historical travel prevalence was assigned to each EA, those in the top quartile of travel prevalence were labeled as high travel areas, and those in the bottom quartile of travel prevalence were labeled as low travel areas; EAs from the middle two quartiles were excluded from analysis (Fig. 3 ).

Violin plot showing the distribution of travel by EA for all EAs, color coded by travel area classification, based on smoothed travel prevalence estimates from 2015-2018 7 . EAs in the top quartile of travel distribution (teal) were classified as high travel areas, and those in the bottom quartile of travel distribution (gold) were classified as low travel areas. Areas in the middle two quartiles (gray) were not included in the analysis.

Statistical analyses

All statistics were performed using R statistical software (v3.6.2). Analyses of survey data were conducted within the survey package (v4.1-1). The survey design dataset accounted for the stratified sampling weights of the original MIS as well as the non-independence of results within households and within EA. The main outcome of interest, Pf positivity, was coded as a binary variable. For each travel area, the survey mean prevalence was estimated from individual level data by year and are presented with a 95% CI.

To analyze the possible impact of the travel moratorium on malaria risk on Bioko Island, a difference in differences analysis was conducted to compare the difference in prevalence of infection between 2019 and 2020 in historically high travel areas relative to the difference in prevalence in historically low travel areas during the same time. For our main analysis, we fit an unadjusted and adjusted survey generalized linear model with robust standard errors. To determine variables to include in the adjusted model, we compared values of several variables determined to be related to malaria risk a priori between 2019 and 2020 within travel group. Any variable that had a meaningful difference between years within a travel group was included in the final model. A meaningful difference was defined as an absolute change of at least 5% and proportional change of at least 10%. Analysis was done with observations that had complete data for all variables in the fully adjusted model. To estimate how the prevalence of infection in high travel areas changed between 2019 and 2020 relative to the change in prevalence in low travel areas over the same period, the model included an interaction term between a binary variable for time and travel. Coefficients and 95% CIs were extracted for various combinations. The general model is presented in Eq. 1 :

Where ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{0}$ is prevalence of malaria infection in low travel areas in 2019, ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{1}$ is the difference in prevalence comparing 2020 to 2019 in low travel areas, ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{2}$ is the difference in prevalence of infection between low travel and high travel areas in 2019, and ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{3}$ is the difference in differences of prevalence comparing the change in high travel areas between 2019 to 2020 to the change in low travel areas from 2019 to 2020. ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{4}$ represents a vector given the covariates in matrix Covars that represent the various covariates included in respective models, and ${{{\rm{\varepsilon }}}}$ is the residual variance. ${{{{\rm{\beta }}}}}_{3}$ is the coefficient of interest to estimate the impact of the travel restrictions on prevalence.

Given that our outcome was binary, we also evaluated the relationship between odds of infection in high and low travel groups between years using logistic regression. The same models were fit but utilizing a logit link function. Coefficients and 95% CIs were exponentiated to get comparative odds ratios between years and travel areas.

Data from the 2015–2018 MIS was used to assess the robustness of the parallel trends’ assumption by visually assessing the trends from 2015 to 2019 in high and low travel areas and fitting a linear mixed effects model with an interaction term for each year and travel stratum in the pre-moratorium data 34 . To test the robustness of the model, we performed a bootstrapped analysis using a randomly selected 80% sample of the data, repeated for 50 iterations. A count of the number of times each interaction term was significant (suggesting non-parallel trends) was calculated. For the analysis of parallel trends, non-survey weighted prevalence was calculated each year, as sample selection in 2015–2018 was not done in the same manner as subsequent years.

There were seven EAs known to have had large land use changes over the study period, three of which were in our analytic dataset. As there was not a reliable way to measure land use change in all areas during the study period, we conducted a sensitivity analysis, in which the main analysis was repeated with a data set that excluded the three EAs that were known to have had land use changes over the study period.

Ethics & inclusion statement

Approval for the annual implementation of the Malaria Indicator Survey was provided by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW) of Equatorial Guinea. This analysis was determined to be exempt from further IRB review by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division (STUDY00012460).

The National Malaria Control Program approved the exploration of this research question. Development of the analysis plan, review of possible confounders, and discussion of preliminary and final results was done by a collaboration of local and global researchers. Understanding of locally relevant information, such as land use changes and programmatic challenges during the study period was instrumental in the correct interpretation of results.

Reporting summary

Further information on research design is available in the Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article.

Data availability

The data that support the main findings of this study are available in the GitHub repository [ https://github.com/d-hergott/DID-public ] 35 .

Code availability

Reproducible code for the main analysis is available in the GitHub repository [ https://github.com/d-hergott/DID-public ] 35 .

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Acknowledgements

We thank the participants and survey teams of Bioko Island who participated in the Malaria Indicator Survey. Malaria control on Bioko Island, including the Malaria Indicator Survey, is funded by the Government of Equatorial Guinea in partnership with a consortium of private companies led by Marathon Oil Corporation. Support for this work was also provided by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01 AI163398, DLS) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV 030600, DLS).

Author information

Jennifer E. Balkus

Present address: Public Health-Seattle & King County, Seattle, Washington, USA

Authors and Affiliations

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Dianna E. B. Hergott, Brandon L. Guthrie & Jennifer E. Balkus

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Dianna E. B. Hergott & David L. Smith

MCD Global Health, Bioko Island Malaria Elimination Project, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA

Carlos A. Guerra & Guillermo A. García

MCD Global Health, Bioko Island Malaria Elimination Project, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

Jeremías Nzamío Mba Eyono, Olivier T. Donfack, Marcos Mbulito Iyanga, Restituto Mba Nguema Avue, Crisantos Nsue Abeso Nsegue, Teresa Ayingono Ondo Mifumu & Wonder P. Phiri

National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea

Matilde Riloha Rivas

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Sean C. Murphy

Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA

Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Brandon L. Guthrie

Department of Health Metrics Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

David L. Smith

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Contributions

D.H. and J.B. conceptualized the analysis. D.H., J.B., J.N.M.E., M.M.I., G.A.G., and O.D. designed the analytical plan. J.N.M.E., O.D., M.M.I., R.M.N.A., C.N.A.N., and T.A.O.M. collected and cleaned the survey data. M.R.R. and W.P.P. provided operational oversight and support. C.A.G. calculated travel prevalences. D.H. carried out the analyses, created the figures, and drafted the manuscript. C.A.G., G.A.G., S.C.M., D.L.S., B.G., and J.B. provided critical review and editing of the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dianna E. B. Hergott .

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Hergott, D.E.B., Guerra, C.A., García, G.A. et al. Impact of six-month COVID-19 travel moratorium on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Nat Commun 15 , 8285 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52638-2

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Tourism vs. Hospitality – Decoding the Differences

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Tourism vs. Hospitality - Decoding the Differences

The hospitality and tourism industries are closely connected, but they are not the same thing. Though both connect to travel and leisure, these two industries have distinct differences that need to be understood if you are considering a degree or career in the field. By knowing how they are different, you can choose the right degree that will help you achieve your desired career path.

What is the Difference Between Tourism and Hospitality?

Hospitality is a field that focuses on providing accommodations to visitors at hospitality-related industries, such as hotels, motels, restaurants, cruise ships, country clubs, casinos, and convention centers, while tourism is focused on providing quality attractions and events in order to entice tourists to come.

For each of these fields to be successful, they focus on specific ways to keep people satisfied so they will return. Hospitality businesses must build strong relationships with their guests to not only prevent them from going to a competitor, but to keep them coming back. Many tourism businesses are classified as hospitality businesses as they must also have meaningful relationships, but they are more focused on traveling activities that may include heavy planning and marketing.

What are the Similarities Between Tourism and Hospitality?

Both the hospitality and tourism industries focus on serving people when they travel. These are highly competitive and always-changing fields that require people to be able to adapt to a changing market and work environment. Both tourism and hospitality professionals need to be good marketers to draw potential clients and customers to their industries.

What Jobs are there in the Travel and Tourism Industry?

The travel and tourism industry focuses on helping people plan and execute their travel arrangements. Some jobs in tourism management include:

Travel Agent

A travel agent is a great career path for people who majored in tourism. Travel agents work with their clients to plan their trips, so they must be highly organized and have a knowledge of the travel industry so they can book resorts, cruise ships, airline travel, and more for their clients.

Travel agents also assist clients with their travel budgets by calculating travel costs and helping clients choose trips and adventures that fit within their budget. They also can assist clients with getting their passports or other paperwork in order so they can legally travel.

The pay for a travel agent varies because they often earn commissions based on the trips and services they book, as well as the setting they work in. Travel agents can work independently or work with a travel agency, depending on the demand in their area.

Flight Attendant

A flight attendant works in an airline to help travelers get to their destination safely and comfortably. While travelers often see the simple work of the flight attendant, such as passing out snacks and collecting garbage, flight attendants are also trained on how to help protect passenger safety if something goes wrong.

Flight attendants need to be good at working with people, even those who are not in a good mood or who face frustration when they travel. One of the main benefits of this profession is getting to travel to and explore many destinations around the world.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that the demand for flight attendants will increase by 17% from 2019 to 2029, so it is a great time to pursue this career path.

What Jobs Are There in the Hospitality Industry?

Jobs within hotels, restaurants, and event centers tend to fall in the hospitality industry category. Hotel managers, event managers, hotel clerks, bar managers, and chefs are just a few examples in this industry, with details as follows:

Hotel Manager

A hotel manager makes sure that guests are comfortable during their stay in a hotel or resort. They may have to arrange for blankets or other amenities to be taken to hotel rooms, oversee the employees of the hotel, and ensure that supplies, like soap and shampoo, are ordered in a timely manner. On a resort property, the hotel manager may also be in charge of entertainment. The exact setting or location will dictate exact duties and responsibilities for this role. Overall, it is the manager’s job to handle customer service needs that pop up during a guest’s stay.

Event Manager

An event manager or event planner helps plan large events to ensure all attendees enjoy the experience. These individuals, like others in the hospitality industry, need to be highly organized. Event managers will plan all of the details, gather bids from venues and vendors, coordinate transportation for attendees, arrange for food, and even connect with local hotels to ensure people have a place to stay. They help their clients manage and maximize their budgets and ensure that everything is ready when the special event starts.

The BLS estimates that this career will grow 8% from 2019-2029, which is much faster than average. Approximately 10,800 new jobs will be created in this field, so it is a great time to consider pursuing a position in event management.

A concierge is employed by a resort or event center to help guests book entertainment and enjoy their stay more fully. These professionals need to know their local area well so they can connect guests to the entertainment options that best fit their tastes and desires for their trip.

Concierge professionals tend to be employed by high-end resorts and luxury hotels. Distinguished guests expect to have someone to help them book their services and are willing to tip well for this service.

Restaurant and Catering Professionals

The hospitality industry is also the industry that covers restaurants and catering services. While those interested in opening a restaurant or catering business will also need to explore food service training, training in hospitality will help them understand the customer service side of this industry. These professionals can work anywhere where food and beverage are prepared and served, including hotels, resorts, and restaurants.

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The Difference between Trip and Tour - Meanings. Most students think the words 'trip' and 'tour' are the same, but that's not the case. Both words have entirely different meanings and would be incorrect if used interchangeably. The word 'trip' can be used both as a noun and a verb.
Tour vs. Trip
However, there are subtle differences between the two. A tour typically involves a planned itinerary with a specific purpose, such as visiting multiple destinations or attractions within a set timeframe. It is often guided and organized by a tour operator or agency. On the other hand, a trip is a more general term that can encompass any kind of ...
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How to Remember the Difference between Trip and Tour. To differentiate, think of a "trip" as a personal journey, emphasizing individual experiences and flexibility. Contrastingly, envision a "tour" as a curated exploration led by experts, providing an in-depth look at a destination's highlights with the convenience of arranged details. When to Use Trip and Tour
Difference between Trip and Tour
The purpose of 'the trip' includes purpose and movement of the person. The purpose keeps on changing every time. Trips are usually not more than one day or two-three days. Tours are usually for a week or more. The key difference between the terms 'trip' and 'travel' is based on their individual definitions wherein the term 'trip ...
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Trip: Can have various purposes, including leisure, business, family visits, or personal reasons. Tour: Typically organized for specific purposes such as sightseeing, exploration, cultural immersion, or educational experiences. 12. Trip: Can have a flexible or open itinerary, allowing for spontaneous choices and activities.
Difference Between Trip and Tour
Trip, travel, tour, expedition, voyage are some nouns that are used in similar contexts. Trip and tour are loosely synonymous with journey. Although both refer to a journey, trip is a short journey for a particular purpose whereas trip is a journey during which several places are visited. This is the main difference between trip and tour.
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Meaning and use of the words 'trip', 'travel', 'journey', 'tour', and 'voyage'. The explanation below should help clarify the meaning and use of vocabulary related to travel. The word 'travel' is used to talk about going from one place to another. Verb : Paul travels a lot in his job. Noun : Travel nowadays is faster than before.
Difference between Trip and Tour
Tour. Meaning. The term 'trip' usually refers to short journeys for leisure or business. It can also imply losing balance while moving. The term 'tour' implies longer journeys covering multiple destinations, primarily for enjoyment. It can also be associated with research, arts, sports, business, or political purposes.
Trip vs Tour: Difference between Trip and Tour
There are a few subtle but important differences between the two terms. Trip: A trip is an extended stay away from home, typically for leisure purposes. Trips can be planned entirely on your own or with the help of a tour operator. Tour: A tour is a travel arrangement in which someone else provides all or part of the transportation ...
Travel vs Trip
What is the difference between Travel and Trip? These two words frequently confuse learners of English. A quick explanation that is valid for most situations is the following: Travel - a verb (the action) Trip - a noun. Susan's husband isn't in town at the moment; he is on a business trip. He travels to many different
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Definition and Differences between Travel, Trip, and Journey. Travel is a verb that means going to a place, especially far away, while trip refers to the process of traveling from one place to another, usually for a short time. Journey, on the other hand, implies traveling from one place to another without necessarily returning.
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One piece of travel (going from one place to another) - usually a long distance. The journey takes 3 hours by plane or 28 hours by bus. He made the 200-mile journey by bike. "A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step" - Lao-tze, Tao Te Ching. We can also use journey in a more "metaphorical" way to talk about ...
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As a noun, "tour" means a visit to a place or area, especially for the purpose of sightseeing and learning about it. It can also be a trip for pleasure, especially as a vacation, visiting several different places in an area. As a verb, "tour" means to travel somewhere, e.g., to spend a month touring (around/in) Kenya.
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1. Planning and Organization. One of the key differences between tours and travel lies in the level of planning and organization required. Tours are pre-arranged itineraries that are meticulously planned by tour operators. They take care of all the logistics, including accommodation, transportation, and activities.
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The distinction between a tour and travel lies in the fact that the former refers to a pre-planned, organized trip with a specific itinerary and often includes a guide, while the latter encompasses the broader concept of exploring, experiencing, and journeying through different places without any predetermined schedule or structure. Learn the difference here.
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In the examples given above, the word "tour" is a noun in the first three sentences, while it is a verb in the last three sentences. Trip. Tour. When "trip" is a noun, it means a short outing for pleasure or some other reason, like business purposes. When "trip" is a verb, it refers to stumbling over an object or losing balance ...
Tour vs. Travel: What's the Difference?
6. Tours are usually pre-arranged, involving organized activities and often a guide. This structured approach provides a convenient way to see various attractions without the need for personal planning. In contrast, travel can be spontaneous or planned, and it doesn't necessarily include a guided aspect. It's more about the act of moving and ...
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Difference Between Travel and Tourism (with Comparison Chart)
When you travel, you go for a long trip or journey either solo or with a group of family or friends. One can use different modes of transportation like aeroplanes, trains, cars, buses and ships. ... Key Differences Between Travel and Tourism. While 'travel' means moving from one place to another, there will be a change in the location ...
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9. Travel can be both a verb and a noun in its usage. As a verb, it indicates the action of moving or being in transit. As a noun, it describes the act or the experience itself. On the other hand, Tour, while also being a verb and a noun, when used as a verb, refers to the act of making a guided journey around a place or places. 9.
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Cosmos and Globus are solid budget options. In between are Insight, Trafalgar, GAdventures, Collette — and my own tour company, Rick Steves' Europe. High-end tours typically cost $400 to $1,050 per day, include most meals and sightseeing, and host smaller groups. Low-end tours cost $150 to $250 per day, include fewer meals, charge extra for ...
Travel vs. Tourism: What's the Difference?
Tourism, conversely, carries with it an implication of relaxation, exploration, or business-related visits to conferences, conventions, or trade shows. 9. The industries supporting each also differ. While travel encompasses various modes of transportation, accommodations, and reasons, tourism is an economic cornerstone for many regions ...
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What is the difference between travel and tour?
Tour is a synonym of travel. In intransitive terms the difference between travel and tour is that travel is to pass from here to there; to move or transmit; to go from one place to another while tour is to make a journey; as, to tour throughout a country. In transitive terms the difference between travel and tour is that travel is to force to journey while tour is to make a circuit of a place.
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We offer different types of travel credit: Trip Credit, Flight Credit, and Travel Vouchers. Each type of travel credit has its own terms and conditions, so be sure to read them carefully before redeeming your credit. Keep in mind, travel credits can only be used to book flights, and can't be used to pay for extras like seats or bags. ...
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Tourism vs. Hospitality
Travel Agent. A travel agent is a great career path for people who majored in tourism. Travel agents work with their clients to plan their trips, so they must be highly organized and have a knowledge of the travel industry so they can book resorts, cruise ships, airline travel, and more for their clients.

Difference between Trip and Tour | Trip vs Tour

Table Summarising the Difference between Trip and Tour

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Trip vs Tour

Trip and Tour – Meanings

How to Pronounce Trip and Tour

Differences between Trip and Tour

When to Use Trip and Tour

Usage of Trip

Usage of Tour

How to use Trip and Tour

Using “Tour”

Additional Considerations

Trip and Tour – Examples

Examples of Trip

Examples of Tour

FAQ’S

What is the difference between trip, journey, and voyage?

What is a tour in travel?

What is the difference between a ride and a trip?

Why is a journey called a trip?

Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons

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Difference Between Trip and Tour

Trip – Meaning and Usage

Tour – Meaning and Usage

Grammatical Category

Places Visited

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Understanding the Distinction: Travel, Trip, and Journey Explained

Key Takeaways

Definition and Differences between Travel, Trip, and Journey

Travel as a verb meaning to go to a place, especially far away

Trip as the process of traveling from one place to another, usually for a short time

Journey as traveling from one place to another, not necessarily returning

Common Uses and Examples of Travel, Trip, and Journey

Travel: “I love to travel to different countries.”

Trip: “We went on a business trip to New York.”

Journey: “His journey around the world took him three years.”

Clarifying Misuses of Travel, Trip, and Journey

Incorrect uses of travel: “He traveled to the grocery store.”

Proper uses of the terms: “I traveled to Europe.”

Understanding the Nuances between Travel, Trip, and Journey

Travel focuses on the action of going to a distant place.

Trip emphasizes the process of traveling and staying in a place.

Journey implies a longer and more significant travel experience.

Conclusion and Importance of Using the Correct Terms

1. What is the difference between travel, trip, and journey?

2. Can you give examples of each term – travel, trip, and journey?

3. Is there any overlap between these terms?

4. How does understanding the distinction between these terms help in communication?

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