the most travel tribe in nigeria

Nigerian Culture: A Rich Tapestry of Tradition and Diversity

Nigeria, often referred to as the “Giant of Africa,” is a country known for its diverse cultures, languages, and traditions. With over 250 ethnic groups, each with its unique customs and practices, Nigeria’s cultural landscape is a rich tapestry that reflects the country’s complex history and identity. In this exploration of Nigerian culture, we will delve into the history, languages, religions, art, cuisine, and traditional ceremonies that make Nigeria’s cultural heritage truly exceptional.

Nigeria, located in West Africa, is the most populous country on the African continent and one of the most culturally diverse nations in the world. Its culture is a reflection of its long history, which includes the rise and fall of ancient empires, the impact of colonialism, and a vibrant post-independence period. Nigerian culture is a blend of indigenous traditions, colonial influences, and contemporary global trends.

Historical Context, Languages and Linguistic Diversity

Of nigerian culture.

To understand Nigerian culture, it’s crucial to consider the historical context that has shaped it over the centuries:

• Ancient Civilizations : Nigeria is home to several ancient civilizations , including the Nok civilization, which existed around 1000 BCE and is known for its distinctive terracotta sculptures. The Kingdom of Nri, one of the oldest African monarchical traditions, dates back to the 9th century CE.
• Trans-Saharan Trade : Nigeria’s location along ancient trade routes, such as the Trans-Saharan trade route, facilitated cultural exchanges with North African and Middle Eastern civilizations.
• Colonial Era : Nigeria was colonized by the British in the late 19th century and remained under colonial rule until gaining independence in 1960. Colonialism had a profound impact on Nigerian culture, introducing Western education, religion, and governance systems.
• Independence and Nation-Building : Nigeria’s journey to independence was marked by political struggles and negotiations. After gaining independence, the country faced the challenges of nation-building, including forging a national identity that bridged ethnic and religious divides.

Nigeria is a linguistic mosaic, with over 500 languages spoken across the country. The linguistic diversity reflects the multiplicity of ethnic groups and cultures. Some of the major languages in Nigeria include:

• Hausa : Spoken predominantly in Northern Nigeria, Hausa is one of the country’s most widely spoken languages. It also serves as a lingua franca in the region.
• Yoruba : Yoruba is spoken in Southwestern Nigeria and neighboring countries. It has a rich cultural heritage and is known for its vibrant traditions , including the Yoruba religion and art.
• Igbo : The Igbo language is prominent in Southeastern Nigeria. The Igbo people have a unique cultural identity, with a rich oral tradition, masquerades, and a strong sense of community.
• English : As a former British colony, English is Nigeria’s official language and is used for education, government, and business communication.

Religions and Spirituality

Nigeria is religiously diverse, with a mix of indigenous African religions, Christianity, and Islam. These religious traditions have coexisted and sometimes blended, contributing to the country’s unique religious landscape:

• Christianity : Nigeria has one of the largest Christian populations in Africa, with various denominations, including Catholicism, Protestantism, and Pentecostalism. Churches play a significant role in social and cultural life.
• Islam : Islam is prominent in Northern Nigeria, where the majority of the population is Muslim. The region is known for its Islamic scholarship, with historical centers of learning such as Kano and Sokoto.
• Indigenous Religions : Many Nigerians continue to practice indigenous African religions, which vary among ethnic groups. These traditions involve ancestor veneration, rituals, and belief in deities associated with nature and the elements.
• Syncretic Religions : Some Nigerians practice syncretic religions that blend indigenous beliefs with elements of Christianity or Islam. Examples include the Yoruba-based syncretic religion known as “Yoruba religion.”

Art and Cultural Expression

Nigerian art and cultural expression are diverse and vibrant, encompassing various forms, including visual arts, music, dance, and literature:

• Visual Arts : Nigeria has a rich tradition of visual arts, including sculpture, painting, and textiles. Traditional sculptures, such as the Benin Bronzes and Nok terracotta figures, are renowned globally for their craftsmanship and cultural significance.
• Music and Dance : Nigerian music spans a wide range of genres, from traditional rhythms to contemporary Afrobeat and hip-hop. Nigerian musicians, such as Fela Kuti, King Sunny Ade, and Burna Boy, have achieved international acclaim. Traditional dances, like the Yoruba Bata dance and Igbo Agaba dance, are integral to cultural celebrations.
• Literature : Nigerian literature has produced globally recognized authors, including Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, and Chinelo Okparanta. These writers have explored themes of identity, post-colonialism, and social change in their works.
• Film Industry (Nollywood) : Nigeria’s film industry, often referred to as Nollywood, is one of the largest in the world by the number of films produced. Nollywood movies, known for their dramatic storytelling and cultural relevance, have gained popularity both within and beyond Africa.

Nigerian cuisine is as diverse as its culture, with each region offering its unique flavors and dishes . Staple foods include:

• Jollof Rice : A popular one-pot rice dish cooked with tomatoes, peppers, and spices, often served with chicken or vegetables.
• Fufu : A dough-like food made from cassava, yam, or plantains, typically served with soups and stews.
• Suya : Skewered and grilled meat, usually seasoned with a spicy peanut sauce.
• Egusi Soup : A thick, hearty soup made from ground melon seeds, vegetables, and meat or fish.
• Chinchinga : Grilled kebabs, a street food favorite in Northern Nigeria.
• Pounded Yam and Egusi : A dish featuring pounded yam served with a soup made from ground melon seeds and leafy vegetables.
• Akara and Moi Moi : Deep-fried bean cakes (akara) and steamed bean pudding (moi moi) are common snacks and sides.

9. Chapman : A popular Nigerian cocktail made with fruit juices, soda, and angostura bitters.

• Nigerian Snacks : Nigeria offers a wide range of snacks like chin-chin (fried dough), puff-puff (fried dough balls), and meat pies.

Traditional Ceremonies and Festivals

Traditional ceremonies and festivals play a significant role in Nigerian culture, serving as occasions for community bonding, religious expression, and cultural preservation:

• Eyo Festival : Held in Lagos, the Eyo Festival is a colorful and vibrant procession featuring masquerades, traditional attire, and cultural performances. It is a celebration of the city’s history and heritage.
• Durbar Festival : Celebrated in Northern Nigeria, particularly in Kano and Katsina, the Durbar Festival is a grand display of horsemanship, martial arts, and traditional music. It marks the culmination of Islamic festivities.
• New Yam Festival : Observed by various ethnic groups, the New Yam Festival is a harvest celebration that involves cultural performances, feasting, and giving thanks to deities for a bountiful harvest.
• Osun-Osogbo Festival : This Yoruba festival, held in Osogbo, celebrates the river goddess Osun. It features colorful processions, dance, and rituals at the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Argungu Fishing Festival : Held in Kebbi State, this festival is renowned for its fishing competition in the Argungu River. Participants use traditional methods to catch the largest fish.
• Igue Festival : Celebrated by the Benin people, the Igue Festival involves royal ceremonies, dances, and rituals to honor the Oba (king) of Benin.

Family and Social Structure

Nigerian society places a strong emphasis on family and community. Family units are often extended, with multiple generations living together. Key aspects of Nigerian family and social structure include:

• Respect for Elders : Elders are highly respected and revered in Nigerian culture. They often serve as sources of wisdom and guidance within the family and community.
• Extended Families : Many Nigerians live in extended family households, where multiple generations reside together. This arrangement fosters a sense of communal support and responsibility.
• Community Values : Community plays a vital role in Nigerian life. Events, celebrations, and challenges are often shared and addressed collectively.
• Gender Roles : Gender roles can vary across ethnic groups, but traditional Nigerian society often emphasizes distinct roles and responsibilities for men and women.

Challenges and Contemporary Issues

While Nigerian culture is rich and diverse, the country faces several challenges and contemporary issues that impact its cultural heritage:

• Ethnic and Religious Tensions : Nigeria’s diversity can sometimes lead to ethnic and religious tensions, which have, at times, resulted in conflict and violence.
• Globalization : As Nigeria becomes more connected to the global economy and culture, there is a concern about the potential erosion of traditional customs and values.
• Urbanization : Rapid urbanization has led to changes in lifestyle and social structures, affecting the way people engage with their cultural heritage.
• Preservation of Cultural Artifacts : Efforts are needed to preserve and protect cultural artifacts and historical sites, including addressing issues related to the repatriation of stolen artifacts.
• Language Preservation : Many indigenous languages are at risk of extinction. Language preservation initiatives are essential to safeguard Nigeria’s linguistic diversity.
• Youth Engagement : Encouraging young Nigerians to actively participate in and value their cultural heritage is vital for its continuity.

Nigerian culture is a vibrant and multifaceted tapestry of traditions, languages, religions, and customs. It is a reflection of the country’s history, diversity, and resilience in the face of numerous challenges. As Nigeria continues to evolve and grow, its rich cultural heritage remains a source of pride, identity, and inspiration for its people and the world. Embracing this diversity and nurturing its cultural roots is essential for the continued flourishing of Nigerian culture in the 21st century and beyond.

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• An Introduction To Nigerias Igbo...

An Introduction to Nigeria's Igbo People

The Ibo or Igbo people are found in southeastern Nigeria and have many interesting customs and traditions. With a population of around 40 million throughout Nigeria, they are one of the biggest and most influential tribes. Igbos are well-known for their entrepreneurial endeavours, both within Nigeria and around the world. Here’s everything you need to know.

The Igbo people are descended from Eri, a divine figure who, according to Igbo folklore, was sent from heaven to begin civilization. Another account presents Eri as one of the sons of Gad (as mentioned in the book of Genesis in the Bible) who travelled down to establish the present-day Igboland.

In Nigeria , Igbos inhabit an area referred to as Igboland, which is divided into two sections along the lower River Niger. They live in most or all parts of five states: Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo, as well as minor parts of Delta, Rivers and Benue states. Small Igbo communities are also found in parts of Cameroon and Equitorial Guinea.

As a result of the transatlantic slave trade, Igbos have migrated to other countries including Jamaica, Cuba, Barbados, Belize, the United States among others. Elements of Igbo culture have been found in Jamaican patois – for example the Igbo word ‘ unu’ which means ‘you’ is still used, while ‘ red Ibo ‘ or ‘ red eboe ‘ describes a black person with fairer skin (a lighter skin tone is common among Igbos). A area of Belize City is called Eboe Town after its Igbo-descended inhabitants. Since the late 20th century, many Nigeria immigrants have gone to the United States, and many of them are Igbos. It is estimated that more than 2000,000 Igbos live in the United States.

Culture and traditions

The Igbo political system differs significantly from most of its West African neighbours. With exception of a few major Igbo communities which have an Obi (king), Igbos have a traditional republican system of government, which is a consultative assembly of people, which guarantees equality to citizens. This system is a departure from the usual form of government with a king ruling over the subjects. Even though there are title holders who are respected by their achievements, they are never revered as kings.

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Historical findings

Many Igbo artefacts were discovered by Thurstan Shaw in 1959 and 1964 at archaeological sites in Igbo-Ukwu, including more than 700 high-quality artefacts of bronze, copper and iron, as well as stone beads, glass and ivory. Igbo bronze artefacts are said to be the oldest in West Africa. Five of the bronze artefacts from the dig are presently in the British Museum .

Traditionally, Igbos were mostly farmers, craftsmen and traders – evidence of crafts and metalwork were found in archeological discoveries. A number of the metals used by craftsmen were said to have been from Egypt , providing evidence of trade across the Sahara long before Europeans came to Africa.

The Igbo people’s most important crop is the yam, and it is the reason for the New Yam Festival (Iri Ji) celebrating the harvest of new yams. The yam is also a significant part of a traditional diet and is prepared as pounded yam, eaten with different soups or eaten immediately after being boiled. Igbos are well known for their variety of soups, made from locally grown vegetables, fruits and seeds. The most popular Igbo soups are oha , nsala , akwu , okazi and ofe owerri .

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The Igbo people have a traditional religious belief that there is one creator, called ‘Chineke’ or ‘Chukwu’. The creator can be approached through many other deities and spirits in the form of natural objects, most commonly through the god of thunder called ‘Amadioha’. Others gods include ‘Ala’, the feminine earth spirit, ‘Anyanwu’ (meaning ‘eye of the sun’) a deity believed to dwell on the sun, and ‘Idemili’, the water goddess whose symbol is that of a python. After Nigeria was colonized, most Igbos (more than 90%) became Christian, which is still the predominant religion today.

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In Igbo culture, a marriage is contracted by the man asking for the woman’s hand from her father, which is the first stage called ‘ iku aka ‘ (‘to knock on the door’). The second stage and second visit of the groom and his family members to the woman’s family will involve the presence of her extended family, where they must also give their consent. The groom will pay a third visit to pay the bride price and collect from his future in-laws the list of items he will bring to the woman’s family for the wedding. The fourth and final stage is the wedding itself, called ‘ igba nkwu ‘ or ‘wine carrying’ where the bride will come out to look for her groom (who will hide in the crowd) and offer him a cup of palm wine. The couple is then blessed by the family and well wishers, and celebrations begin.

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Which tribe is the most popular tribe in Nigeria?

As a Travel Agent, I often get asked about the most popular tribe in Nigeria. Nigeria is a diverse country with over 250 ethnic groups, each with its own unique culture, language, and traditions. However, when it comes to the most populous and politically influential tribe in Nigeria, there are a few that stand out.

According to the content provided, the most popular tribes in Nigeria include the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, and Ijaw. The Hausa-Fulani tribe accounts for approximately 29% of the Nigerian population, making it the largest ethnic group in the country. The Yoruba tribe follows closely behind, making up 21% of the population, while the Igbo and Ijaw tribes make up 18% and 10% respectively.

While these tribes may be the most populous and politically influential, popularity can be subjective and can vary depending on the context. For example, the Yoruba tribe is often referred to as the most fun-loving tribe in Nigeria, known for their accommodating nature and love for entertainment. On the other hand, the Ebira and Idoma tribes are celebrated for their exceptional beauty, with their distinctive facial features and curvaceous figures captivating many.

When it comes to wealth, the Igbo tribe is often recognized as the wealthiest African tribe. Their rich cultural heritage and entrepreneurial spirit have been the driving force behind their financial prosperity. However, it’s essential to note that wealth and popularity do not define the worth or importance of a tribe.

In Lagos State, the most populous city in Nigeria, the Yoruba tribe is prevalent, along with other indigenous ethnic groups such as the Ewe and Ogu peoples. These tribes have inhabited Lagos for many years, contributing to the cultural diversity and vibrancy of the city.

Despite the dominance of these tribes in various aspects, it’s important to recognize and celebrate the cultural richness, traditions, and contributions of all the tribes in Nigeria. The country’s ethnic diversity is a significant source of pride and should be respected and appreciated.

Frequently Asked Questions:

1. What is the most popular tribe in Nigeria?

The most popular tribe in Nigeria can vary depending on the context. However, some of the most populous and politically influential tribes in Nigeria include the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, and Ijaw tribes.

2. Which tribe is the most entertaining in Nigeria?

The Yoruba tribe in South-western Nigeria is often regarded as the most fun-loving tribe in the country. They are known for their accommodating nature and love for entertainment.

3. Which tribe is considered the most beautiful in Nigeria?

The Ebira and Idoma tribes are renowned for their exceptional beauty in Nigeria. The Ebira people, primarily residing in parts of Kogi State, are celebrated for their captivating facial features and curvaceous figures. The Idoma people in Benue state are also known for their beautiful girls.

4. Which tribe is the richest in Nigeria?

The Igbo tribe is often recognized as the wealthiest African tribe. Their rich cultural heritage and entrepreneurial spirit have contributed to their financial prosperity.

5. Which tribe is the most popular in Lagos?

Lagos State is home to various indigenous ethnic groups, primarily the Yoruba people, who live throughout the state. Additionally, the Ewe and Ogu peoples are also present in the far west of Lagos.

6. Which tribe is considered the best to marry in Nigeria?

The Igbo tribe is often regarded as a favorable choice for marriage in Nigeria. They are known for their caring nature, culinary skills, and attractive qualities.

7. Which tribe has the best music in Nigeria?

The Yoruba people in South-western Nigeria have made significant contributions to the arts and entertainment industry, especially in music. They are known for their talent and achievements in the Nigerian music scene.

8. What are the top three largest tribes in Nigeria?

The three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, and Igbo tribes. These tribes make up a significant percentage of the Nigerian population.

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Unraveling the Roots: Unveiling the Oldest Tribe in Nigeria

Delving into the History of Nigeria: Unveiling the Oldest Tribe

In the heart of the vibrant tapestry of Nigerian culture and heritage, lies a fascinating question that has intrigued historians, anthropologists, and common people alike: Who are the oldest tribe in Nigeria? This question serves as a gateway to understanding the diverse origins of this African nation and the multitude of peoples that have shaped its rich cultural landscape. Let’s embark on a journey to explore the ancient roots of Nigeria’s indigenous communities.

Tracing the Roots: Unraveling Ancient Lineages

The question of who are the oldest tribe in Nigeria is deeply intertwined with the complexities of Nigerian history, colonial influences, and the intricate puzzle of cultural anthropology. The notion of ‘oldest tribe’ signifies a search for the earliest inhabitants of the region, a quest to uncover the first settlers who laid the foundation for the diverse ethnic mosaic that exists today.

The Yoruba: Unraveling the Mysteries of an Ancient Kingdom

As we delve into the fascinating history of Nigeria, one tribe consistently emerges as a potential contender for the title of the oldest: the Yoruba. With their origins shrouded in the mists of time, the Yoruba people have left behind an enduring legacy of art, culture, language, and tradition. Their rich history is interwoven with the ancient Kingdom of Ile-Ife, believed by many to be the cradle of Yoruba civilization.

Unveiling the Igbo: A Legacy of Resilience and Innovation

In the tapestry of Nigerian history, another prominent tribe that has attracted attention is the Igbo. Known for their remarkable resilience, adaptability, and spirit of entrepreneurship, the Igbo people have contributed significantly to the economic and social fabric of Nigeria. Their origins can be traced back to the Igbo heartland in southeastern Nigeria, where they have preserved their unique cultural identity and rich traditions.

A Tapestry of Ancient Tribes: Celebrated Diversity

In addition to the Yoruba and Igbo, Nigeria is home to numerous other ethnic groups, each with its own unique history, language, and customs. From the Hausa and Fulani in the north to the Ijaw and Itsekiri in the south, the cultural diversity of Nigeria is a testament to its long and complex history. Together, these tribes have contributed to the vibrant mosaic of Nigerian culture, shaping its identity, and enriching its heritage.

As we conclude our exploration of who are the oldest tribe in Nigeria, it is important to recognize that the concept of ‘oldest’ is fluid and dynamic. The history of human settlement in Nigeria is a complex and multifaceted narrative, with various ethnic groups having inhabited the region for centuries or even millennia. The true beauty of Nigeria lies in its rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and customs, a testament to its role as a melting pot of human history.

Journey Through Time: Unveiling the Oldest Tribe in Nigeria

In the heart of Nigeria, where history and tradition intertwine, lies a captivating tapestry of diverse ethnic groups. Among them, one stands out as a testament to the enduring spirit of ancestry and cultural heritage: the Igbo people. Embark on a journey through time as we explore the rich history, vibrant traditions, and captivating stories that make the Igbo tribe the oldest in Nigeria.

A Legacy Etched in Time: The Igbo Tribe

With a lineage tracing back millennia, the Igbo people have played a pivotal role in shaping the cultural landscape of Nigeria. Their roots can be traced back to the ancient Kingdom of Nri, believed to have existed as early as the 9th century. The Igbo tribe’s resilience and adaptability have allowed them to flourish despite the challenges of time and change.

A Tapestry of Languages and Dialects

The Igbo tribe is known for its diverse linguistic heritage, with over 30 distinct dialects spoken among its people. The Igbo language, also known as Asụsụ Igbo, serves as a unifying force, connecting the various Igbo subgroups. This linguistic diversity reflects the richness and complexity of Igbo culture, underscoring their deep connection to their ancestral roots.

The Igbo Pantheon: A Realm of Deities and Ancestors

The Igbo people hold a profound reverence for their ancestors and deities, who play a central role in their spiritual beliefs and practices. Among the most prominent deities is Chukwu, the creator and supreme being, revered for his omnipotence and benevolence. Other deities include Ala, the earth goddess, and Amadioha, the god of thunder and lightning. Ancestral veneration is also deeply ingrained in Igbo culture, with individuals seeking guidance and protection from their departed loved ones.

Igbo Artistic Expressions: A Symphony of Creativity

The Igbo tribe’s artistic prowess manifests in a myriad of forms. Their intricate carvings and sculptures, often depicting human figures, animals, and mythical creatures, reflect their deep connection to the natural world. Igbo music, characterized by its energetic rhythms and soulful melodies, captivates audiences with its infectious energy. Their storytelling tradition, passed down through generations, preserves their rich history and cultural heritage.

The Igbo Economic Legacy: Ingenuity and Enterprise

The Igbo people have a long history of economic ingenuity and entrepreneurship. They are renowned for their trading prowess, establishing extensive trade networks across Nigeria and beyond. Igbo merchants played a pivotal role in the development of local and regional economies, contributing to the growth and prosperity of their communities. Their entrepreneurial spirit continues to drive economic development in Nigeria, with many Igbo individuals achieving remarkable success in various industries.

Igbo Cultural Festivals: A Celebration of Life and Heritage

The Igbo people celebrate a vibrant array of festivals throughout the year, each with its own unique significance and traditions. The New Yam Festival, known as Iri Ji, marks the harvest of the new yam crop and is a time of great rejoicing and feasting. The Ofala Festival celebrates the coronation or anniversary of a traditional ruler, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Igbo people. These festivals provide an opportunity for the community to come together, reaffirm their bonds, and honor their ancestors.

Igbo Traditional Attire: A Reflection of Identity and Pride

The Igbo people take great pride in their traditional attire, which holds deep cultural and historical significance. For men, the traditional outfit consists of a loose-fitting tunic called an “isiagu” or “agbada,” often adorned with intricate embroidery and complemented by a colorful cap. Women wear a wrapper known as an “akwa ocha,” which is draped elegantly around the body and paired with a blouse. These traditional garments are worn during special occasions, ceremonies, and festivals, serving as a symbol of Igbo identity and cultural heritage.

Igbo Cuisine: A Culinary Journey of Flavors

Igbo cuisine is a symphony of flavors, textures, and aromas that tantalizes the taste buds. One of the most popular dishes is “ofe oha,” a rich and flavorful soup made with oha leaves, meat, and spices. “Nkwobi,” a delicacy made from cow feet, is also a favorite among the Igbo people. “Abacha,” a spicy cassava dish, and “akara,” a deep-fried bean cake, are other culinary delights that showcase the diversity and deliciousness of Igbo cuisine.

Igbo Contributions to Nigerian History and Politics

The Igbo people have played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of Nigeria. Notable Igbo leaders, such as Nnamdi Azikiwe, the first President of Nigeria, and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, a prominent figure in the Nigerian Civil War, have left an indelible mark on the nation’s history. The Igbo tribe’s political activism and pursuit of equality have contributed to the development of a more just and equitable society in Nigeria.

The Igbo Diaspora: A Global Tapestry of Igbo Identity

The Igbo people have a strong presence in the global diaspora, with significant populations residing in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. These Igbo communities maintain strong ties to their homeland, preserving their cultural traditions, language, and identity. The Igbo diaspora serves as a bridge between Nigeria and the international community, fostering cultural exchange and promoting understanding among diverse populations.

Conclusion: The Igbo Legacy: A Testament to Resilience and Cultural Heritage

The Igbo tribe, as the oldest tribe in Nigeria, stands as a testament to the enduring power of cultural heritage and the resilience of the human spirit. Their rich history, vibrant traditions, and diverse cultural expressions have shaped the very fabric of Nigerian society. From their intricate art forms to their entrepreneurial spirit, the Igbo people have left an indelible mark on the nation’s history and continue to contribute to its cultural tapestry. As the Igbo tribe continues to navigate the challenges of a changing world, their legacy will undoubtedly endure, inspiring future generations with its timeless wisdom and unwavering spirit.

Where did the Igbo people originate from?

The Igbo people are believed to have originated from the ancient Kingdom of Nri, which existed as early as the 9th century.

What is the Igbo language called?

The Igbo language is known as Asụsụ Igbo and is spoken by over 30 million people worldwide.

What are some popular Igbo festivals?

Popular Igbo festivals include the New Yam Festival (Iri Ji), the Ofala Festival, and the Igbo Day celebration.

What are some traditional Igbo dishes?

Popular Igbo dishes include “ofe oha,” “nkwobi,” “abacha,” and “akara.”

Who are some notable Igbo leaders?

Notable Igbo leaders include Nnamdi Azikiwe, the first President of Nigeria, and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojuk

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8 of the best places to visit in Nigeria

Apr 27, 2023 • 9 min read

Get to know Nigeria with this guide to the country's best places to visit © i_am_zews / Shutterstock

After a day or two, most visitors to Nigeria wish they had planned to stay longer in the country.

Once they start seeing the sights, and meeting the people, they realize that there is way more to do than they had believed possible. Don’t make the same mistake – give yourself a long leash. For administrative ease, the country’s 36 states are grouped into six geopolitical zones. If you intend to stay in more than one state, plan your travels along the same lines; pick an anchor city, and take things one state or zone at a time.

In the South-South, for example, the scenic and slow-paced city of Uyo can be your base to explore the Niger Delta states. In the North East, Bauchi is a perfect base to explore the rocky landscapes of Plateau, Adamawa, Borno and Taraba states.

Narrow down your list with these top places to visit in Nigeria.

Best city for an intro to Nigeria

Whether you’re traveling solo or as a group, Abuja  is your best introduction to Nigeria. By design, it is a city for holidaymaking: hills, public gardens and leisure parks dot the cityscape, right through its residential districts, so you’re guaranteed ample green spaces. Millenium Park’s landscaped grounds attract hundreds of picnickers; rent a mat inside the park and just chill. Aso Rock, where Nigeria’s presidential palace gets its name, looms nicely in the background.

Abuja’s wide walkways and boulevards make walking a pleasure any time of the day. If you’re traveling with kids, Central Park , Magicland Amusement Park , Jabi Lake Park and Arttech District are go-to family spots. Together, they offer dining, outdoor activities and games – from horseback riding and roller-skating to bicycle trails and go-karts.

Abuja is also a city for hiking, and there’s a trek up any of the city’s hills every weekend. Organized by hiking groups and clubs like Naija Adventurers , Tha Outdoor Tribe and Mantrek Hikers Club , there is little or no formality to join. Periodically, the hiking extends to landmarks in neighboring Niger, Nasarawa and Kaduna states.

Planning tip:  Factor in a visit to Abuja's newly opened Nike Art Gallery  as you travel to or from the airport.

2. Calabar 

Best city for heritage and celebrations

Tourists come to Calabar to connect a number of nature and heritage sites: the Slave History Museum , Cross River National Park , Obudu Mountain Resort and the Afi Mountain Drill Sanctuary . 

The Bakor (or Ikom) monoliths, a group of 300+ stones that are 1–1.5m-tall (3–5ft), are also one of the region’s main attractions. These centuries-old stones are believed by clans in the host communities to be their forebears. Some of the stones are within easy reach of Calabar, others are in more remote forested areas, with a permanent exhibition in an open-air museum at Alok, 156km (97 miles) north of Calabar.

Another reason to visit Calabar is for its thrilling events, culminating with the Christmas festival, a December-long fiesta of concerts and street parties. Another crowd-puller here is the carnival, a pan-Nigeria cultural parade with participation from at least half a dozen countries. Leboku New Yam Festival, one of the best known in Nigeria, held in August or September, also draws people in. On the eve, host communities perform ritual ceremonies to their "stone ancestors", re-painting them in colored chalk and in readiness for the festival proper.

Best place to hang out on the beach

Lagos is a delight on many levels. The city’s coastline is already a busy corridor for resorts and beach houses. On weekends, Lagosians pour into a long stretch of private beaches  to party and enjoy a suite of water-based sports. For the best beach experiences, take a short boat ride to Tarkwa Bay or hop in a car to Landmark Beach .

As the birthplace of Nollywood (Nigeria’s movie industry) and the now-global Afrobeats movement, the city has been at the heart of Nigeria’s entertainment boom for decades. In the last half of the year, Lagos' creative side is in full swing as it hosts a long list of festivals, like the Lagos International Poetry Festival , Lagos Fringe Festival and Art X Lagos .

Its bustling metropolis aside, the “city of aquatic splendor” combines urban appeal with well-kept traditions. Downtown Lagos, home to the Eyo masquerade, is a network of Igas (palaces), shrines and markets. On its most westerly end, Badagry, once a town of enslaved people, is a place where tourists and pilgrims alike come to visit historical landmarks: Badagry Heritage Museum , Mobee Slave Relics Museum, Vlekete Slave Market Museum and Brazilian Baracoon, among others.

Planning tip: Lagos is at its partying best in December when it hosts multiple concerts, musicals and entertainment shows. The city is also less crowded during the period, meaning you can get where you want to be much faster.

4. Mambilla Plateau

Best for adventure travelers

A trip to the Mambilla Plateau is the ultimate Nigerian adventure. On this multi-day journey you’ll travel through vast savannah lands and long winding roads, driving up and down multiple hilly terrains, past dairy farms, streams, and rivers. At the Mayoselbe–Tunga stretch of the highway, you’ll come within a few feet of a tribe of monkeys.

Multiple waterfalls await you at Maisamari, Lemetela and Mbanga towns. But the goal of every visitor to Mambilla is to hike up Chappal Waddi (7936ft), the highest point in Nigeria. At Gembu, a major transit town near Cameroon, explore the Donga River on local paddle boats or visit any of the tea farms, the Highland Tea being the most prominent, where you'll see harvesters fling the leaves over their shoulders into elongated, hand-made baskets strapped to their backs. Make time to explore Gashaka-Gumti National Park , the largest of Nigeria’s 17 national parks, all managed by the Nigeria Parks Service .

Planning tip: You can reach Gembu by road from Abuja, Jalingo and Yola. Visits here involve long overland travels by bus and motorbike, so it's best to allow a week at least. Nature Connects , based on the Plateau, provides guiding and advisory services. Mambilla is suitable for hiking year-round, but best between December and March, when the grounds are less slippery. This is also the best time for wildlife spotting. The plateau is at its greenest between April and September; to visit some of its waterfalls, head there between September and December.

Best city for culture and history

Ilorin, in Nigeria’s North-Central region, is usually not on the itinerary of tourists but deserves to be. The emir’s palace is at the heart of Ilorin’s cultural and spiritual life. Palace officials will show you around, the tour typically starting from the four pillars memorializing the emirate’s past wartime exploits. The multiple buildings within and adjoining the palace (Ilorin Central Mosque, for one), are markers of various periods as Ilorin transitioned in the early 19th century from an outpost of the Old Oyo Empire to a stronghold of the Sokoto Caliphate.

Its historical appeal aside, Ilorin has preserved many of its old cottage industries, including aso oke (handwoven fabric), mat- and basket-weaving. Visit the unmissable Dada pottery, to learn about the skills passed down among womenfolk for generations.

Planning tip: Ilorin, like other northern Nigerian cities, sparkles at Eid-al-Adha when the city hosts the annual durbar festival, a colorful equestrian parade in northern Nigeria. In August, there’s a traditional mass wedding ceremony, which takes place in Shao town (14km/9 miles away).  

6. Northern Nigeria

Best region for architecture

Northern Nigeria is an outdoor gallery of eye-catching indigenous architecture – designed, built and decorated by master masons from the 19th century. From Sokoto and Kano (North-West) to Gombe and Maiduguri (North-East), your gaze is constantly met by brightly painted mosques. 

The palaces and some public buildings are more elaborately decorated, with Hausa motifs and, in some cases, complemented by Arabic inscriptions. Palaces of the Emirs of Dutse, Bauchi, Gombe and Zaria, and the Shehu of Borno are star examples. Inside the Gidan Makama Museum (Kano) and Kanta Museum (Kebbi), formerly palaces, you’ll learn more about the history and culture of Hausaland.  

There’s more Nigerian vernacular architecture in Jos, at the open-air Museum of Traditional Nigerian Architecture (MOTNA), which shares space with the Jos National Museum . Here, you’ll find lifesize replicas of huts and homesteads unique to different ethnic groups in the country. Among them: Tiv, Idoma and Afizere compounds. The Bight of Benin, modeled after the palace of the Oba of Benin, doubles as a restaurant. 

Best place for ancient traditions and high-up views

Idanre is the site of an old hilltop settlement in Nigeria’s Western region. Tucked among the hills is the old palace that was home to 25 successive kings. The path to the palace, its low roofing propped up by carved wooden posts, is dotted by relics of a past civilisation, including potsherd pavements, a native court, a prison and a shrine. 

The hills are Idanre’s main attraction. And looking out from 915m (3000ft) into the distance to the sprawling settlements at the foot of the hills, first occupied in the 1930s, is one of the most heartwarming views in this corner of the world. 

Planning tip: Idanre hosts a number of festivals throughout the year. In February, young men march off to two caves on the hills for the annual bat-hunting festival. Orosun festival, in honor of the goddess of fertility, is held in May. The town celebrates Ogun (god of Iron) in October; the Ide festival, perhaps the grandest of all, is in December. That’s when the paramount ruler, the Owa, leads a procession up the hills to wear a crown seen only once in a year.

8. Enugu and the South-East

Best region for national history and nature walks

Enugu is the heartland of Nigeria’s South-East region, a status it earned in the early 1900s when huge reserves of coal were discovered in its hills. Today, more than a century later, its tranquil neighborhoods, pine forests and public parks makes it one of Nigeria’s touristy cities. 

Begin your tour at the National Museum of Unity to understand the Igbo belief system. Part of the exhibition includes the Ijele masquerade, an important component of ceremonial gatherings in Igboland. Dig deeper into Igbo worldview at the Center for Memories . For more on Nigeria’s pre- and post-colonial history, head to the Nnamdi Azikiwe Centre, a museum and library that opened in December 2022, housed in what was the Premier’s Lodge of the old Eastern Region in the 1950s.

After touring the museums, travel up the Milken Hills to the pine forest of the suburban Ngwo town and onwards to the caves and waterfalls further down the trail. Alternately, from Enugu drive to Awhum town, famed also for its caves and waterfalls – and a monastery . The Ezeagu Tourist complex is within the vicinity; here, you can take a dip in the gentle rush of the stream.

Planning tip: If you are keen for more cave-themed adventures, then cross the inter-state border into Anambra State. The Ogbunike Caves , 77km (48 miles) southwest of Enugu, are a maze of tunnels and streams with lots of bats. Less well known, but no less spectacular, are the caves-waterfalls-rock complex at Ogba-Ukwu, 60km (38 miles) from the port city of Onitsha.  

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The 10 Best Things to Do in Nigeria

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Located on the shores of the Gulf of Guinea and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Benin, Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country. With 250 different ethnic groups and over 500 different languages, it’s famous for its cultural diversity; and for the booming economies of megacities like Abuja and Lagos. Lagos in particular is synonymous with exploding tech, culinary, music, and arts scenes. Outside its major cities, Nigeria’s rural areas are just as extraordinary. From sun-soaked Atlantic beaches to teeming river deltas and sacred waterfalls, natural beauty abounds in this unique corner of West Africa . 

Explore the Chaotic, Cosmopolitan Culture of Lagos

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Nigeria’s biggest city is one of the fastest-growing urban areas in the world, with some estimates putting its population as high as 21 million people. Although many of its residents live in poverty, Lagos is also oil-rich and boasts a dizzying collection of world-class restaurants, galleries, and nightclubs. Watch artists at work while shopping for fine Nigerian paintings and sculptures at Nike Art Centre . Join the crowds patronizing the waterfront bars and street food stalls at Elegushi and Oniru Beaches; or experience fine dining in restaurants that run the gamut from West African to Italian to Japanese. Victoria Island is known for its nightclubs, with Quilox being the most iconic haunt for fashionistas, major music acts, and celebrities. 

Go on Safari in Gashaka Gumti National Park

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Located in the mountains on the Cameroonian border, Gashaka Gumti National Park is the largest national park in Nigeria. It incorporates roughly 2,600 square miles of dense rainforests, highland plateaus, and woodland savannah, in addition to soaring mountain peaks that include Nigeria’s highest. The diversity of its habitats allows for an incredible variety of wildlife. Look out for leopards, golden cats, and chimpanzees in the rainforests and elephants and lions on the savannah. The park is also designated as an Important Bird Area with more than 500 avian species recorded within its borders. You can buy permits and find accommodation in Serti, the main gateway to the park’s southern sector. Access is easiest during the December to March dry season. 

Search for Endangered Wildlife in Yankari National Park

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Covering 870 square miles in northeastern Nigeria, Yankari National Park is often labeled as the country’s most rewarding wildlife destination. Upgraded to national park status in 1991, it includes open grassland, river floodplains, and vast tracts of impenetrable bush. It’s best known as the home of Nigeria’s largest surviving elephant population and as one of four remaining strongholds for the critically endangered West African lion. Buffalos, hippos, and roan antelope are also frequently spotted. In between game drives, unwind in the naturally clear Wikki Warm Springs which stay at a balmy 88 degrees F (31 degrees C) all year round. If you plan on renting a car, you can self-drive through Yankari with a hired guide. Otherwise, the park offers twice-daily safari truck tours . 

Experience Yoruba Spirituality in the Osun Sacred Grove

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In the past, sacred forests existed on the edge of many Yoruba settlements. Most have now disappeared due to extensive urbanization, with the exception of the Osun Sacred Grove , located along the banks of the Osun River on the outskirts of Osogbo. Believed to be the dwelling place of the Yoruba goddess of fertility, Osun, the grove is dotted with sanctuaries and shrines where traditional priests and priestesses host daily worship ceremonies. The forest also showcases the sculptures of Austrian Susanne Wenger, who is credited with helping to save the grove when its existence was threatened in the 1950s. Travel during the 12-day Osun-Osogbo Festival (usually held in July or August) to witness religious celebrations and authentic Yoruba music and dancing. 

Learn More About Yoruba Culture in Ancient Ile-Ife

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Also located in Osun State, the ancient city of Ile-Ife is believed by the Yoruba people to be the birthplace of civilization. According to Yoruba legend, it was founded by Oduduwa on the orders of supreme god Olodumare and continues to be a stronghold for worshippers of the traditional deities. The Yoruba gods and goddesses are honored with frequent religious festivals held at sacred sites throughout the city. At Ile-Ife’s heart is the Oòni's Palace, home of the spiritual ruler of the Yoruba kingdom. Pay a small fee to view inside the palace and discover the royal shrine and the staff of Oduduwa. The palace is also home to Ife Museum with its famous collection of medieval bronze and terracotta sculptures. 

Soak Up Colonial History in Scenic Calabar

Located in the extreme southeast of the country, Calabar enjoys a picturesque location on the hillside above the Calabar River. Once an important port for ships trading goods across the Gulf of Guinea, the city is infamous as one of the continent’s biggest slave trade centers. It is estimated that as many as a million Africans departed from Calabar as slaves, as explained by exhibits in the Slave History Museum. The city was also a capital for the British Protectorate established in the 19th century and its oldest neighborhoods are characterized by the dilapidated grandeur of their historic colonial buildings. Every year throughout the month of December, the Calabar Carnival brings colorful parades, dancing, and international musicians to the city’s streets. 

Climb to the Top of Olumo Rock

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Olumo Rock is a huge granite outcrop that overlooks the city of Abeokuta in southwest Nigeria. In the 19th century, the rock served as a natural shelter and fortress for the Egba people during periods of inter-tribal warfare. Now it's regarded as an important symbol of protection. It’s also spiritually significant, with religious ceremonies held annually at the Olumo Shrine. At its highest point, the rock stands 450 feet above sea level. You can climb it (with the assistance of stone-carved steps if necessary) or ride a glass elevator to the top. Hire a guide to explain the engravings, shrines, and wartime hideouts you’ll see along the way. Guides cost approximately 1,000 naira and the site is also home to a museum and restaurant. 

Meet Endangered Primates at Afi Mountain Drill Ranch

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Drive five hours north of Calabar to reach Afi Mountain Drill Ranch , the field site for primate rehabilitation project Pandrillus . Founded in 1991, the project rescues endangered drill monkeys and chimpanzees that have been orphaned by the illegal poaching trade and rehabilitates them so that they can eventually be released back into the wild. At Afi Mountain, the monkeys are kept in huge enclosures that closely mimic their natural environment, giving you the opportunity for up-close encounters on a guided conservation tour or rainforest canopy walk. The project also enriches the local community by employing young Nigerians who might otherwise have turned to poaching to survive. The ranch is open 365 days a year and has guest cabins for overnight stays. 

Hike to Erin-Ijesha Waterfall and Ikogosi Warm Springs

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Also known as the Olumirin Falls, Erin-Ijesha Waterfall is located just outside the town of the same name in Osun State. Believed by the Yoruba to have sacred powers, the falls are a nature photographer’s dream with water cascading down seven distinct tiers. The physically fit can hike all the way to the top, then cool off with a swim in the serene pool at the bottom of the falls. Pack a picnic and plan to make a day of it, or divide your time with an afternoon visit to another natural phenomenon, Ikogosi Warm Springs . Located roughly an hour’s drive away, the springs consist of one warm spring and one cold, flowing side by side through Ikogosi town. Legend has it that the warm spring possesses curative powers. 

Discover Kano, West Africa’s Oldest City

The capital of northern Kano State, Kano is the second-largest city in Nigeria and the oldest city in West Africa. Founded approximately 1,400 years ago, it came to fame as a crossroads on the trans-Saharan trade route and was renowned as a center for Islamic scholarship during medieval times. Today Kano is famous for historic landmarks including its 12th-century city wall, the 15th-century Emir’s Palace, a series of elaborate mosques, and Makama’s House. The latter is home to a museum of Hausa and Fulani artifacts. Before planning a trip to this region of Nigeria, make sure to check the latest travel advisories . Current advice from the U.S. Department of State warns against all but essential travel due to frequent terrorist attacks by Boko Haram. 

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What is the Most Respectful Tribe in Nigeria?

What is the most respectful tribe in Nigeria? To start with, three major ethnic groups in Nigeria contribute to the vast cultural diversity of the country. The tribes are the Yorubas, the Igbos and the Hausas, and they make up about 70% of the country’s population . However, these major ethnic groups have several other sub-tribes. In total, there are an estimated 250 ethnic groups and tribes in Nigeria. Each of these tribes inhibits a territory that it considers to be its own by right of inheritance. Without further ado, let’s discuss the most respectful ethnic group in the West African country.

What Is the Most Respectful Tribe in Nigeria?

The Yoruba tribe takes the crown for being the most respectful ethnic group in Nigeria. They have open hearts and accommodate a lot. The Yoruba people also boast a rich cultural heritage, with unique beliefs, traditions and languages. One notable aspect of the Yoruba is the respect they have for elders and the emphasis on family ties. This can be reflected in their social practices.

Yoruba is the most respectful tribe in Nigeria. Photo/ Wikimedia Commons.

The tribe is found in the southwestern part of Nigeria and has a population of over 40 million people. They live mostly in the urban areas, especially in the populous Lagos City . However, there are also much smaller groups scattered living outside Nigeria in Benin and northern Togo.

Yoruba are known as one of the earliest thriving civilizations in Africa. Their progenitor, Oduduwa, is believed to be a migrant from the Middle East who settled down in the present-day Ile-Ife. And this is why the Ooni of Ife is considered to be the foremost and paramount ruler in Yoruba land. Most Yoruba men are farmers who grow corn, millet and yams as staples, and peanuts, plantains, peas and beans as subsidiary crops. Their women do little farm work but take control of the complex market system. Apart from being farmers and traders, the Yoruba people are also craftsmen. They have traditionally been among the most skilled craftsmen in Africa.

When it comes to religion, the Yorubas, who are the most respectful tribe in Nigeria, have accepted both Christians, Muslims, and Traditional worshipers. Interestingly, one family can have different worshipers. The biggest churches and the most influential religious leaders from Nigeria can be found in Yorubaland. Now you have an answer for what is the most respectful tribe in Nigeria.

Which Tribe Has Respect Most in Nigeria?

Compared to other ethnic groups in Nigeria, the Yoruba have the most respect. They are very powerful in politics and academia, and take pride in having the most professors in Nigeria. Prof. Wole Soyinka, who is the first Nigerian to receive a Nobel laureate, is a Yoruba man. A good number of Nigeria’s graduates from some of the finest colleges and universities in the world are Yoruba people.

A group of Yoruba women. Photo/ Reterdeen.

The political involvement of the Yorubas is another reason why they command respect the most in Nigeria. Yoruba’s Chief Obafemi Awolowo is known as one of the most influential leaders in Nigerian history. Other respected leaders from the community are SL. Akintola, Bode Thomas, among others.

What Is the Most Sophisticated Tribe in Nigeria?

Apart from being the most respectful tribe in Nigeria, the Yoruba are also the most sophisticated ethnic group in the country. This tribe has produced some of the most popular names in the music industry and sporting world.

The Yoruba people boast of being associated with the popular afro beats, fuji and afro-juju. Veteran Nigerian artists such as Ayinde Barrister, Fela Kuti, Ade, Lagbaja and King Sunny are from Yorubaland. Modern-day stars such as Tiwa Savage , Wizkid, Davido and Olamide are also from this community.

Tiwa Savage and Wizkid are from Yorubaland. Photo/ The Guardian Nigeria.

Yoruba is famous for producing top footballers in Nigeria. Over the years, we have seen stars such as Segun Odegbami, Thunder Balogun, and Rashidi Yekini emerge from the southwest. In other sports, heavyweight boxer Anthony Joshua and UFC’s Isreal Adesanya have made the Yoruba proud.

Despite being one of the most respected and respected tribes in Nigeria, Yoruba states have high rates of criminal activities. The unemployment level of the Yoruba youth has led to an increase in crimes such as kidnapping and rape.

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About the author.

Abraham Odhiambo

Abraham Odhiambo is a writer with interests in nature, travel, African safari and sports. I'm pursuing a bachelor's degree in Media and Communication at Egerton University.

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The Most Beautiful and Indigenous Tribes In Nigeria

by Lonely Africa Editors | Nigeria

Mar 20, 2022

With over 200 million citizens  (1)  belonging to the 300 or more ethnic groups living in Nigeria, this West African nation is the most ethnically diverse country in Africa. Here’s a brief guide to some of the most indigenous and beautiful tribes in Nigeria.

Be aware that these tribes might still find their way to the dirtiest tribes list, and that’s because it is safe to say Nigeria has no full and effective ways of dumping refuse yet, and some rural areas are not very aware of the value of cleanliness. But we have to think of other reasons that make these communities stand out amongst others in the country. That includes infrastructures, education, cuisines, tradition, and language.

The foremost and popular  tribes in Nigeria  are Yoruba, Hausa, and Igbo. However, there are lots of different tribes with over 520 languages, some of which can trace their roots from these fundamental three. 

For this rundown, we did an overall survey that incorporated analyzing the tidiness, education, infrastructures, and status of the 36 states in Nigeria.

Here are the most beautiful and indigenous tribes in Nigeria.

The Efik-Ibibio are located around Nigeria’s coastal south-eastern area in Akwa Ibom State and Cross River state. There are various languages spoken, for example, the Annang lingo and the Oron dialect.

Ekpe people are the secret society that safeguards the Efik-Ibibio culture, the “Ekpe”, signifying “Lion”, was indigenous to South-eastern Nigerian and turned into a famous symbol in the Efik-Ibibio culture. Furthermore, the Ekpe of the Efik-Ibibio people designed “Nsibidi,” the famous old way of writing for the Efik people.

The Efik/Ibibio People Have Various Edible Vegetable Delicacies Such As; Afang soup, Edikang Ikong soup, Fufu, pepper soup, Ukwoho, Atama, etc.

The Ibibio have held a rich oral history through ages. Prior to Nigeria’s freedom, the clan made a few attempts to make their own sovereign state inside Nigeria, going as far as even setting meetings with the British Crown.

The Ibibio people are mostly Christians and known for their crafts—for example, creating distinct wooden masks and carvings.

The Ibibio clan comprises Annang, Efik, Ekid, Oron, and Ibeno sub-ethnic groups, and they communicate in related languages. Besides English, the Ibibio language is part of their school’s syllabus. Likewise, the language of Akwa Ibom state makes it to broadcasting via radio and TV programs.

In spite of the fact that the Ibibios may have alternate beliefs from other tribes, they are welcoming and benevolent to outsiders. The group lives in a quiet region with a low crime percentage, and they are one of the most tranquil ethnic groups in Nigeria.

“Mesiere” is the manner in which Efik/Ibibio people say “hi”.

Moreover, the two states, Akwa Ibom and Cross River, home to the Ibibio-Efik clan, are among the top-ranked territories in cleanliness.

We could date the historical backdrop of Ibibio people back very far, making them one of the oldest ethnic groups in Nigeria. The Ibibio-Efik tribe is the fourth biggest in Nigeria regarding the size.

Uyo and Calabar are top urban areas in the nation when we look at orderliness and tidiness. These spots and overall areas are very serene and ecologically friendly. 

Outstanding metropolitan areas of the Ibibio-Efik tribe include; Uyo, Calabar, Odukpani, Ikot Abasi, Eket, Ikot Ekpene, Oron, Akamkpa, Abak, Etinan, and Itu towns. A visit to these places will leave you contemplating whether you are still in Nigeria. One of the noteworthy attractions for visitors and foreigners to these spots is the solid level of security.

Places of interest to visit  include; The Calabar Tropicana, Ibom Le Meridien Ibom Hotel and Golf Resort, Ibom Tropicana Resorts, Obudu Cattle Ranch, and Cable Cars, Uyo international arena, Ibeno beach, and a ton of others.

The Igbos are another friendly ethnic group in Nigeria. Making up about 18% of the populace, they are very diverse and referred to as Nigeria’s finance tribe. The Igbos live outside their geographical zone more than some other ethnic groups in the nation. 

This is not far-fetched because we can find them in all the  Nigerian states  and outside the country doing various businesses. They accomplish this through their friendly method towards other tribes.

The Igbo people descended from the Nri Kingdom, the oldest kingdom in Nigeria. Over 24 million people in Nigeria speak the Igbo language to communicate daily. To residents of Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo states, the Igbo language is their first language. In some areas of Akwa Ibom, Delta, and Rivers state, they also speak the Igbo language.

However, the Igbo language is not just spoken in Nigeria alone. It is also in use at Cameroun  (2)  and Equatorial Guinea  (3) . This is because of the large numbers of immigrants from Nigeria to these nations.

The Igbo people dwell in the south-eastern district of the nation. They have no particular administration arrangements, only a customary system that ensures that the citizens are doing fine and that equality and justice prevail.

The Igbo people additionally had their conventional beliefs in tradition, but after colonization  (4) , over 90% switched to Christianity, Catholicism being the major branch. Although, they have a passable tolerance for other religious worshippers among them.

Remarkable metropolitan areas in Igbo land which the tribe cohabitates most include: Onitsha, Enugu, Owerri, Awka, Aba, and Abakiliki cities.

The strength of the Igbo people is in their capacity to manage and grow businesses well. There are lots of successful and renowned entrepreneurs that are Igbos. This tribe possesses five states where the Igbo language is the predominant language.

Likewise, the Igbo people have a significant influence in the Nigerian oil exchange because they mine most of this natural resource on Igbo land.

Farming is the primary income source for this tribe of the Igbos (corn, manioc, sweet potato, vegetables, rice, palm oil, and so forth). 

The Igbos are more into trading, fishing, and collections of wild organic products like berries, spices, and other plants. They are not very active with rearing animals due to the constant attacks of Tse-Tse flies.

Some of their delicacies include sweet potato, cocoyam, manioc, corn (made into porridge or soups), different vegetables, and fish. Igbo locals use palm oil and other spicy flavors to make salad mixtures like Jakwu, Abacha, and Ugba.

Say “Kedu”, when you meet somebody who communicates in the Igbo language. It is a typical method of greeting, and it means “how are you”.

The Yoruba tribe is the friendliest and inviting tribe in Nigeria. The influx of other ethnical groups into Lagos, Ibadan, Abeokuta, Ota, and Oshogbo are perfect representations. They are also the first ethnical groups in Nigeria to have western civilization; they are likewise liberal than some other Nigerian ethnic groups.

Additionally, there is religious versatility among the Yoruba people, while a minority still practices traditional worshipping  (5) . The Yorubas are very adept with tradition and Ile Ife, which in Yoruba folklore is the place life started, and the Yoruba tribe’s spiritual home.

Christianity and the Islamic religion are major religions practiced. And even though there are vast differences between the two religions, the worshippers coexist peacefully among themselves in the same environments.

The Yoruba ethnic group is also notable for having a low crime percentage. The Yorubas are strong because of their scholastic prowess and political clouts. They have the highest number of professors in the country, and many Yoruba indigenes who study outside the country and western universities home and abroad make the country proud.

The Yoruba people originally settled in the south-western part of Nigeria and are still here today.

The Yoruba language is significant in Nigeria. The fundamental areas that communicate in this language are Oyo, Osun, Kwara, Ogun, Ondo, and Lagos states and a few parts of Kogi State. The Yoruba language is also a popular lingua in many countries. Same as the Igbo language, it is so popular abroad because of immigrants to the UK and the USA.

When you intend to greet a Yoruba language speaker, say “Bawo ni”, which is ‘how are you’ in the Yoruba language. However, make an effort not to address an older person in this form because they consider it rude.

As mentioned, Yoruba states are in the southwest and north-central areas of Nigeria. Nonetheless, Yoruba speakers are also in parts of neighboring countries like The Republic of Benin, Ghana, and Togo.

The fundamental business of the Yoruba tribe is fishing and farming. They harvest sweet potato, corn, cassava, bananas, vegetables, groundnut, and millet. Their primary export product is cocoa. Animals rearing is a tough feat because of the absence of adequate land for fields and tsetse flies’ infestation.

The Yoruba people have rich dishes, and that includes, Asaro, Iyan, Pap, Gbegiri (Beans Soup), Egbo, Ikokore, Ila Asepo, Ekuru, Amala, etc.

The staple alcoholic drink of the Yoruba people is emu (palm wine) tapped from palm trees.

Note this before attempting Yoruba dishes-Yoruba people use lots of pepper spices in their meals, and they use palm oil for most local foods.

4. Tiv/Idoma

The Tiv/Idoma ethnic groups are arguably the fourth biggest groups in Nigeria. They are a Bantoid group in the Benue district of Nigeria. They number up to about 6.5 million people all around Nigeria and are also located in neighboring Cameroon.

Also, in Plateau, Nassarawa, and Taraba states, the language is active.

These ingenious groups migrated from southern Africa through south-central and afterward to west-central Africa before eventually settling in West Africa via the river Congo and Cameroon mountains.

The Idoma and Tiv tribes are natives of Benue state and its environs. The Idoma tribe is perhaps the largest and powerful tribe in the middle belt area of Nigeria.

Even though these people make up a small part of the nation’s populace, they are quite significant. The Tiv and Idoma people are farmers by profession. They deal in products like millet, sorghum, and sweet potatoes.

They also have a mixture of Christian and Muslim populace, while a lesser number still practices traditional religion.

The Tiv/Idoma people are fascinating. Their friendly way is apparent in different parts of their culture: clothing, marriage, dance, and cuisine, which includes Aninge, Gbodi, Nune, Asondo, beat sweet potato, wheat, and so forth.

They cohabitate with different tribes in the nation through Inter-marriage relations, business transactions, and residency.

The Ijaw people make up about 10% of the Nigerian populace and live mainly in the delta of the Niger River. This ethnic group lives in the oil-rich area, which has led to their communities being explored for oil, impacts of which have caused environmental vulnerabilities.

Strifes have emerged in the past between the citizens, the government, and oil companies because of the mismanagement of oil revenue. The income from this asset did not benefit the local communities.

This group of people comprises 50 kinship clans who majorly work as fishermen and farmers, and their predominant religion is Christianity.

The Ijaw language has a couple of different dialects, and over 2 million people in Delta, Ondo, Bayelsa, and Ekiti states use these dialects. Egbema, Ikibiri Arogbo, and west Tarairi languages are the language’s dialects.

To make proper acquaintance in Ijaw, you will say ‘Tobaroa.’

Four major foods eaten are:

• Keke Fieye (A delicacy prepared with unripe plantains).
• Polofiyai (This is a mixture of dry fish, periwinkle, plantain, onion, new fish, prawns, and so on).
• Kiri Igina (This soup consists of Ogbona, otherwise known as Irvingia, eaten with swallow foods).
• Opuru-Fulou (A prawn soup).

The Hausa people are the largest tribe in Nigeria  (6) , making up roughly 25% of the populace. Their homeland is the Northern area of Nigeria, between the River Niger and Lake Chad. This tribe occupies nineteen out of the 36 in the country.

The Hausa tribe practices a homogenized culture  (7) . They are able to keep their customs, culture, and lifestyle before and after colonization. Islam is the Hausa people’s dominant religion brought by merchants from Mali and Guinea during their business trading. The tribe communicates more with the Hausa language.

Hausa is the most widely spoken language in Nigeria, and they often associate it with the Islamic culture. As per the electronic version of Ethnologue – 1991 SIL, for 18.5 million Nigerians, Hausa was the primary language, and 15 million people communicate in this language as a second lingua. But as the years advance, the information found on Wikipedia reports that Hausa is now the local language for around 70 million people and a second language for about 50 million people.

Sokoto, Kaduna, Katsina, Kano, Bauchi, Jigawa, Zamfara, Kebbi, and Gombe states are primary territories that communicate in the Hausa language.

The language is not just the states’ language but also utilized for broadcasting on global media stations like the BBC.

The Hausas are strong because the vast majority of people in public offices are Hausas and occupy significant Nigerian positions. Since Nigeria gained independence in 1960, this tribe has produced 90% of presidents in the country.

 Aside from this, they dominate the Nigerian military, and the richest man in Africa, Aliko Dangote  (8) , is also a Hausa man. With all these, it is tragic that this tribe is the poorest of all the major tribes the country has and has the country’s highest death rate.

“Sannu” is the method of greeting in the dialect when making a proper acquaintance with a Hausa person. It is a usual method of greeting for companions or family members.

Hausa delicacies include vegetables, porridge, soups, meat, dairy items, and fish. And the indigenous dishes are; Dan Wake, Tuwo Shinkafa, and Suya.

Security, good management, finances, infrastructures help determine if a place is beautiful and habitable. These, amongst other things, are what people often research before living in an area.

This article outlined the most beautiful and indigenous tribes in Nigeria, the most educated, the most resourceful, neatest, etc. What are your thoughts, and which will you like to include or exclude from this list?

Photo by Jessica Felicio on Unsplash

Article was originally published on Whatsdalatest.com

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Nigeria Highlights

Home to approximately 192 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, has one of the largest populations of youth, and the seventh most populous country in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groupings, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, have diverse cultures and exhibiting unique art. ‘Nollywood’, the local film industry is the third largest in the world and the country maintains pioneering status with its music which has played major roles in influencing contemporary world music. A rich array of cuisines, fashion styles and festivals exist across the different tribes.

Highlights: ♦ Lagos - the vibrant commercial hub of Nigeria; ♦ Badagry - a coastal town, where we will learn more about the slave trade era;  ♦ Ile Ife - cradle of yoruba civilisation; ♦ Abuja - the administrative centre of Nigeria

Day 1. Lagos Upon arrival in Lagos, you will be met and transferred to your hotel. -/-/-

Day 2. Lagos - city tour Lagos, also known as Eko (from its origin in 1630) is the vibrant commercial hub of Nigeria. With its population of is over twenty million, Lagos is the most populous city in Nigeria, and the country in turn, is the most populous black nation on earth. Lagos is known to be the economic, financial, and commercial nerve centre of west Africa, and the 5th largest in Africa. The city is located on the Atlantic coast of the region and comprises of a litany of islands, a mainland and a peninsula. Our first visit after breakfast will be to Makoko stilt village - a village built on water. Here we shall explore by canoe, the watery environs and the lifestyle of the villagers. Next stop is Lagos Island, the first settlement of Lagos where we learn about the origins of Lagos and explore historical sites. The National museum houses artifacts and culture from some of the over 250 tribes of Nigeria and will be our stopover before we proceed for lunch and experience delicious Nigerian cuisine. At Nike Art Gallery we shall behold the four floors and thousands of exquisite and authentic Nigerian art and craft done by Nigerian artists. Lekki Conservation centre shall be our last site visit for the day where you can climb the longest canopy walkway in Africa and explore the nature reserve that is home to many free range animals. B/-/-

Day 3. Lagos - Badagry - Lagos We shall set off early for our day trip to Badagry. The coastal border town of Badagry can be found west of Lagos and near the border separating Nigeria from the republic of Benin. Its coast and location made it the perfect trade route in the slave trade era. And so, here, we shall visit the old slave market, slave trade museum and relics, and the homestead the then King Seriki Abbas, and the Gberefu beach (slave embarkation point). Back to Lagos for overnight. B/-/-

Day 4. Lagos - Abeokuta - Ile Ife After breakfast, we take off to Abeokuta and visit historic Olumo rock, Itoku market selling ‘Adire’ (batik) fabric. We continue to Ile Ife in Osun state. Ile Ife is known as the cradle of yoruba civilisation. Then, on to the Ife archeoliógicl museum and the Natural Hiistory Museum.  B/-/-

Day 5. Ile Ife - Osogbo After breakfast we set off for Osogbo, the capital of the Osun State. This town is a farming region where yams, cassava, grain, cotton and tobacco are grown. It also hosts the annual Osun-Osogbo festival along the River Osun. The festival is centered around the sacred grove of the river goddess Osun, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The dense forest of the Osun Sacred Grove is one of the last remnants of primary high forests of southern Nigeria and is regarded as the abode of the goddess of fertility Osun. This goddess is worshipped by the traditional Yoruba Orisha worshipers. The Osun Sacred Grove was decorated by the Austrian-Nigerian artist and illustrator Susanne Wenger (1915-2009).  B/-/-

Day 6. Osogbo - Lokoja - Abuja After breakfast, depart for a full day journey to Abuja. Along the way, we stop at Lokoja, the confluence town that offers a panoramic view of the merging point of the Niger and Benue rivers (also known as the confluence point). Proceed to visit fishing villages along the river Niger en-route Abuja. B/-/-

Day 7. Abuja - Gurara Falls- Zuma Rock - Abuja Abuja is an entirely purpose-built, planned administrative centre and took over from Lagos as the capital of Nigeria in 1991. The site for the new capital was chosen because of its central location, easy accessibility, pleasant climate, low population density, and the availability of land for future expansion. Abuja is surrounded by abundant hills, highlands, Savannah grassland, and tropical rain forests. After breakfast, we set off for Gurara falls and then Zuma rock just outside the city. Upon return, we proceed to the National mosque, the arts and crafts village, and Jabi lake. You will have the option to try some of the unique delicacies attributable only to northern Nigeria...think Kilishi (spicy beef jerky) and Kunu ( a sour/sweet diary-based gruel).  B/-/-

Day 8. Abuja. City tour. After breakfast, we set off for another day of exploring. First port of call is the Pottery village. Next, we tour the administrative points of interest - The national assembly complex, central business district, international conference centre. We won't leave out the largest church in west Africa - Dunamis International Gospel centre.  B/-/-

Day 9. Departure After breakfast, transfer to the airport for departure. B/-/-

Currency fluctuations might cause correction of price at any time.

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Top 10 Most Populated Tribes in Nigeria (2024)

by Oluchi Chukwu · January 24, 2024

Which country in Africa has the most ethnic groups? Nigeria, with over 250 different tribes! But which 10 tribes make up the largest number of people?

Based on new 2024 population data, the biggest Nigerian tribes are the Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, Ibibio-Efik, Kanuri, Urhobo-Isoko, Ijaw, Edo, and Nupe tribes respectively. Where do they live in Nigeria? What languages and religions do they have?

Read below to find out more about Nigeria’s 10 most populous tribal groups!

TOP 10 MOST POPULATED TRIBES IN NIGERIA (2024)

With an abundance of unique and diverse ethnic groups, Nigeria stands out as a country rich in cultural heritage.

Based on recent 2024 population data, the ten largest tribal groups in the country are examined below.

THE HAUSA TRIBE

As home to over 62 million people in Nigeria alone, the Hausa tribe can rightly claim the title of the country’s largest ethnic group.

Their home communities are concentrated primarily across states in northern Nigeria like Sokoto, Zamfara, Kebbi, Kano, and Kaduna.

Important Hausa cities include ancient trading posts like Kano and Zaria that were linked to major Saharan and sub-Saharan trade routes for centuries. SEE: HAUSA STATES IN NIGERIA .

From city-dwelling musicians to rural village farmers, all Hausa cultural practices revolve around the Islamic faith brought to the region by Arab traders and clerics dating back to the 14th century.

THE YORUBA TRIBE

Coming in a close second with around 50 million members in Nigeria are the culturally dynamic Yoruba people.

Based predominantly in the southwest, Yoruba subgroups like the Ijebu, Egba, Ekiti, and Oyo populate Lagos and other southern Nigerian states in Yoruba land .

One of precolonial Africa’s most urbanized groups, the Yoruba operated influential city-states centered around politics, academics, commerce, and religion.

To this day, Yoruba communities emphasize progress through modern education, business activities, and technological innovation.

THE IGBO TRIBE

With current population figures indicating about 40 million members, the Igbo represent one of Nigeria’s three major ethnic identities alongside the Hausa and Yoruba.

Igbo territory lies chiefly in Nigeria’s southeast, where subgroups populate areas of Enugu, Imo, Anambra, Ebonyi, and Abia states. SEE IGBO STATES IN NIGERIA

Traditional Igbo society is decidedly egalitarian and democratic, with extended familial clan groups forming the broadest political unit.

Known for achieving extraordinary business success within Nigeria, Igbos increasingly take on white-collar jobs across global metropoles like Houston, London, and Hong Kong.

THE FULANI TRIBE

Numbering well over 25 million in Nigeria alone, the somewhat insular Fulani people occupy various territories across West and Central Africa.

Their largest Nigerian population center lies in the northern Sahel, specifically Adamawa, Katsina, Kaduna, and Sokoto States. ALSO SEE: TOP 10 MOST POPULATED STATES IN NIGERIA (2024)

Historically the Fulani established temporary settlements as they traversed the grasslands between Nigeria and Senegal in search of grazing lands for their vast cattle herds.

While urban Fulanis have adopted more modernized lifestyles in recent decades, most remain committed to the ethnic group’s pastoral identity and reputations as patient livestock farmers.

THE IBIBIO-EFIK TRIBE

The Efik and Ibibio are two closely related subgroups located in southeastern Nigeria’s Akwa Ibom and Cross River States. They together number around 8 million members as of 2024.

Along with other Southeastern groups like the Ijaw, these fifth largest Nigerian tribes were somewhat isolated historically from the major Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo spheres of cultural influence.

Traditional Efik and Ibibio societies revolved around secret societies, divine kingship rituals, and local trading networks which brought them into contact with early European traders arriving on the Atlantic coast as early as the 1500s.

THE KANURI TRIBE

An estimated 7 million Kanuri people populate northeastern Nigerian states like Yobe, Borno, Adamawa, and Bauchi. They represent the largest single ethnic group in this distinct cultural region.

The Kanuris emerged from the power vacuum left after the decline of the unified Bornu Empire which dominated areas around Lake Chad for nearly a millennium until the 1800s.

Scholars speculate that Kanem-Bornu at its peak may have been the largest nation state in Africa during the Middle Ages.

Modern Kanuris still communicate using the standardized Kanuri language first spread under their medieval kings and overlords.

THE URHOBO-ISOKO TRIBE

The Urhobo and Isoko ethnic subgroups jointly account for southern Nigeria’s largest tribal community outside of the better known Yoruba bloc.

Current population figures place their combined numbers at around 6.5 million, predominantly occupying Delta State and neighboring areas.

Both the Urhobo and Isoko communicate using the Edoid language group, along with other southern minorities like the Esan and Afemai.

However clear cultural differences led to distinctive Urhobo and Isoko identities historically which remain salient in tribal disputes over land and resources in present-day Delta State.

THE IJAW TRIBE

As one of the more vocal ethnic minorities in Nigeria , the oil-rich Ijaw number approximately 5 million people inhabiting the swampy coastal areas of Rivers, Bayelsa, Delta, and Edo States.

Despite ongoing environmental degradation of their fragile freshwater and mangrove habitats from decades of petroleum operations, most Ijaws still rely on fishing and simple agriculture to support their village families and clans.

Due to long-term military occupation and oil company dominance of their homelands, feelings of marginalization and unrest still trouble Nigeria’s Ijaw youths.

THE EDO TRIBE

The ancient Edo kingdom centered around the famous Benin City represented one of West Africa’s outstanding civilizations during the second millennium A.D.

Today, around 4.5 million Edo speakers occupy Edo State, speaking closely related languages linked to neighboring Delta-Edo subgroups like the Isoko.

While the cultural sophistication of monumental architecture and exquisite bronze sculptures seen during Benin City’s golden age declined after its sacking by British invaders in 1897, modern Edo communities from city planners to rural farmers continue adapting traditional lifeways to contemporary Nigeria.

THE NUPE TRIBE

Based in the traditional emirates system of the central Niger and Benue River valleys, the rural Nupe people represent Nigeria’s tenth largest ethnic group with an estimated population around 4 million.

Dominated historically by the nearby Hausa, the Nupe adopted Islam and its accompanying education and literacy centuries ago.

This allowed the Nupe to fill administrative positions like scribes and clerks in royal Hausa courts.

While functioning practically as junior partners in the patchwork of subgroups occupying Nigeria’s central belt, Nupe communities retained distinct cultural practices seen in local architecture, food ways, music, and tribal leadership structure.

So which Nigerian tribe has the most people? The Hausa in the far north lead with over 62 million people. Who comes next in population size?

The Yoruba of the southwest have about 50 million members. And in third place are the Igbo with around 40 million, living mainly in the southeast. Smaller tribes can still have millions of members too – like the cattle-herding Fulani, the coastal Ijaw, and city-dwelling Edo.

What ties all these colorful tribes together into one country? Their shared future in Nigeria, Africa’s exciting mega-diverse homeland which shows how many different cultures can thrive side-by-side!

Oluchi Chukwu

Oluchi is a seasoned Information blogger, content developer and the editor of Nigerian Queries. She is a tech enthusiast who loves reading, writing and research

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Top 10 Strongest Tribes in Nigeria (2024)

by Mfonobong Daniel

Which ethnic group in Nigeria is the most powerful, do you want to know? In Nigeria, there are more than 300 known tribes, all of which have unique customs, traditions, and languages. But which tribe in Nigeria is the most powerful? You’ll find the answer in this article. Igbos are skilled in commerce, but Yorubas are the nation’s most educated ethnic group. To be fair, each tribe in Nigeria is powerful, albeit in separate regions. In terms of population, area, military prowess, and political influence, the Hausa and Fulani tribes are the strongest. The Yoruba tribe is strong in terms of academics, whereas the Igbos boast about being the wealthiest tribe in terms of banking and business. The strongest tribes in Nigeria now are highlighted below.

TOP 10 STRONGEST TRIBES IN NIGERIA

The nation’s top-performing ethnic groupings are listed below.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Which Nigerian tribe is the most powerful? Hausa The Hausa tribe are predominantly located in Nigeria’s northwest and the neighboring southern Niger. They are the most significant ethnic group in the region, which also has a sizable population of Fulani. Due to their adoption of Hausa language and culture, the majority of Fulani have established themselves among the Hausa as a governing class.

Kano was the most formidable city-state by the fourteenth century. The hub for the trans-Saharan trade in grain, cloth, leather, and salt had been established in Kano. The Bayajidda fable reflects Hausa oral history.

The language, culture, and ancestry were all shared by the Hausa states. The states were known for their ferocious rivalries, with each state striving for dominion over the others.

They hindered the strength of their combined state since they were always at war with one another and frequently collaborated with intruders to the disadvantage of their sister states.

FULANI TRIBE

The second-largest tribe in terms of numbers in the nation is the Fulanis. They are located in the nation’s Northern geopolitical region. These ethnic groupings contain a variety of civilizations. In contrast to Christianity and other major religions, Islam is the predominant religion of the Fulani people in the states where they live.

The Fulanis are regarded as one of Nigeria’s strongest tribes because the majority of them hold prominent positions in the government. In reality, this group has given Nigeria 90% of all its presidents ever since country’s independence in 1960.

In addition, they are numerous in the Nigerian military. In addition, they have the greatest mortality rate in the nation among all the major ethnic groups, making them the poorest tribe overall.

The ability of Igbo speakers to manage money wisely and operate enterprises is one of their greatest assets. This tribe inhabits five states in the southeast of Nigeria where the Igbo language is the most common one.

You hardly travel anywhere in the nation without running into an Igbo entrepreneur. They are regarded as the Nigerian tribe with the highest concentration of prominent businessmen and women. Despite their bragging about this accomplishment, Igbos are not without faults. The FBI has published a list of fraudsters who commit cybercrimes, scamming both large corporations and ordinary people. Unfortunately, a higher percentage of the list’s names belonged to the Igbo tribe.

YORUBA TRIBE

In terms of politics and academia, the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria is also powerful. They take pride in having the most professors in the nation and graduates from several of the finest colleges in the globe. The Yoruba-speaking states are located in Nigeria’s south-western geopolitical region.

The political involvement of the Yorubas is another factor contributing to their reputation as one of Nigeria’s strongest tribes. Additionally, they have a respectable number of powerful, active politicians holding national leadership positions.

The Yoruba tribe’s youth have a high rate of unemployment, which is the only problem. This has caused an increase in rape, kidnapping, and other criminal activity in the Yoruba states.

BENIN TRIBE

The Kingdom of Benin, commonly referred to as the Edo Kingdom, was a sovereign state located in what is now the southwest of Nigeria. One of the first and most advanced states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa was the Benin Kingdom. It developed from the former Edo Kingdom in the eleventh century AD and flourished until the British Empire seized it in 1897.

Before the invention of firearms in the 15th century, the Benin people relied heavily on archery, the short sword, and conventional weapons like the spear. In order to produce light firearms, an area guild of blacksmiths attempted to be reorganized in the 18th century. The Benin army also had a specific force made up of crossbowmen.

IBIBIO-EFIK TRIBE

The Ibibio-Efik are among the strongest ethnic groupings in the country. The Ibibio people live along southern Nigeria’s coast. The states of Akwa Ibom and Cross River contain the most of them. The Ibibio Union requested British recognition as an independent entity during Nigeria’s colonial era.

The Ibibio people are thought to have been the region’s first occupants. They are thought to have arrived at their current location approximately 7000 B.C. It is unclear when the Ibibio entered state, notwithstanding the historical evidence.

It is stated that an Ijaw born person can be found close by wherever there is a river. Even though it’s not always the case, such words are nevertheless quite important. The Niger Delta in Nigeria is home to a group of people known as the Ijaws. And because of their affection for the water, many of them work as migrant fisherman.

The Ijaw tribe is without a doubt the most populous one in the Niger Delta region, with a populace of about 14 million. They might rank as Nigeria’s fourth-largest ethnic group.

ITSEKIRI TRIBE

The Itsekiri tribe is exceptional in every way. They are well endowed with the things that their stature would suggest they lack. As a result, they are among Nigeria’s most loved ethnic groupings.

The Itsekiri might not be as numerous as the other major ethnic groups in the nation. They do, however, brag of having significant personnel and material resources. These characteristics, which go back to pre-modern times, have remained to attractively describe the Itsekiri version of history.

The Tiv belong to the Tivoid people. They number more than 5 million people and make up about 2.4% of Nigeria’s overall population. There are a few Tiv speakers in Cameroon and roughly 5 million Tiv speakers in Nigeria.

Numerous nations around the world, including the United States and the United Kingdom, are home to members of the Tiv group. These nations have unions where people can gather and talk about issues affecting their people all over the world.

The Nupe are an indigenous people that originated in the Middle Belt of Nigeria (traditionally referred to as Nupawa by the Hausa and Tapa by the neighboring Yoruba). They are a minority in Kwara State and the dominant ethnic group in Niger State.

The Tsoede, who abandoned the palace of Idah and founded a loose confederation of cities along the Niger in the 15th century, is credited with giving rise to the Nupe.

IGALA TRIBE

Nigeria is home to several ethnic groups, including the Igálá. Since Lokoja had previously served as the home of Nigeria’s capital, the Igala played a key part in the development of Nigeria.

Igala civilization in its traditional form was governed by a kingdom. Kings were deities and lived in a world full with restrictions. They hosted lavish courts that were attended by numerous servants and officials. Every heavenly kingdom in Africa had traditions that served as limits on the king’s authority.

In addition to the tribes mentioned above, there are a number of other minor ethnic groups that are significant to the country. As an illustration, consider Nigeria’s south-south region’s Ogoni, Ekoi, and other tribes. They originate from the oil-producing regions that, thanks to the crude oil they generate, are responsible for most of Nigeria’s wealth.

Mfonobong Daniel

Daniel is an Editor on Nigerian Infopedia who craves for writing, researching and also watching soccer.

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Top 10 Strongest Tribes In Nigeria

• by Faith Oluwa
• Last Updated - August 21, 2024

Nigeria, located in West Africa, is noted for its diverse cultural heritage and lively ethnic tapestry. Nigeria, with over 250 ethnic groupings, is a melting pot of diverse cultures, languages, and customs. Tribes play an important part in Nigerian society, serving as the foundation for the country’s cultural identity and legacy. We will look at Nigeria’s strongest tribes, analyzing their historical significance, cultural customs, and contributions to the country.

Strongest Tribes In Nigeria 

1.hausa tribe.

The Hausa tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, primarily concentrated in the northern regions. With a population exceeding 70 million, the Hausa people have had a significant impact on Nigeria’s political and economic landscape. Known for their strong adherence to traditional values, the Hausa tribe cherishes cultural practices such as the durbar festival, henna art, and traditional attire like the babban riga. They are also renowned for their mastery of trade, agriculture, and craftsmanship. Read Richest Men In Cross River State & Net Worth

2. Fulani Tribe

The Fulani tribe, also referred to as Fulbe, is a nomadic pastoralist group that spans across several West African countries, including Nigeria. The Fulani people played a vital role in the spread of Islam in the region and have a rich cultural heritage. Known for their cattle rearing and migratory lifestyle, the Fulani tribe has made significant contributions to the economy and social fabric of Nigeria, particularly in the northern regions. They also wield political influence, with prominent Fulani figures holding key positions in government.

3. Igbo Tribe

The Igbo tribe is renowned for their rich history, vibrant culture, and entrepreneurial spirit. With a population of over 40 million, the Igbo people are widely distributed across Nigeria, with a strong presence in the southeastern region. The Igbo tribe has made substantial contributions to Nigeria’s economic landscape, with Igbo entrepreneurs involved in various sectors such as trade, manufacturing, and entertainment. Igbo cultural practices, including the New Yam Festival and masquerade ceremonies, showcase their deep-rooted traditions and customs.

4. Yoruba Tribe

The Yoruba tribe boasts an ancient civilization that dates back thousands of years. With over 40 million people, the Yoruba tribe is primarily concentrated in southwestern Nigeria. The Yoruba people have a rich cultural heritage, with a complex pantheon of gods, renowned artwork, and vibrant festivals such as the Olojo Festival and Osun Osogbo Festival. They have made significant contributions to the arts, music, and literature, with notable figures like Wole Soyinka and Fela Kuti emerging from Yoruba roots. Additionally, the Yoruba tribe has a strong presence in Nigerian politics, producing influential leaders throughout history.

5. Benin Tribe

The Benin tribe is known for its historical significance and cultural splendor. The Benin Kingdom, which existed from the 13th to the 19th century, was one of the most powerful and sophisticated empires in West Africa. The Benin people are renowned for their exquisite bronze casting, intricately designed masks, and unique cultural practices. The monarchy plays a central role in Benin society, with the Oba (king) holding significant traditional and ceremonial powers. The Benin tribe takes pride in preserving its cultural traditions and celebrating festivals such as the Igue Festival.

6. Ibibio-Efik Tribe

The Ibibio-Efik tribe primarily resides in the southeastern part of Nigeria, particularly in Akwa Ibom and Cross River states. The Efik people have a rich heritage of monarchy, with the Obong of Calabar serving as the traditional ruler. The Ibibio-Efik tribe is known for its distinct traditional attires, such as the George wrapper and the Ekpo. Ekpo is a secret society among the Efik people that plays a crucial role in maintaining social order and upholding cultural traditions. The Ibibio-Efik tribe is also celebrated for its colorful dances, such as the Ekombi and Abang dances, as well as its vibrant festivals like the New Yam Festival and the Ekpe Festival.

7. Ijaw Tribe

The Ijaw tribe, predominantly residing in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, is known for its strong connection to water and rich natural resources. Traditionally a fishing community, the Ijaw people have also been involved in the oil exploration industry, which has greatly influenced their socio-economic landscape. The Ijaw tribe has a history of political activism and has played a significant role in the struggle for resource control and the rights of their communities. Their cultural practices, such as the Ogidigbo dance and masquerades, reflect their deep-rooted traditions and heritage.

8. Itsekiri Tribe

The Itsekiri tribe is located in the Niger Delta region, mainly in Delta State, Nigeria. The Itsekiri people have a rich history that dates back to the ancient city-state of Warri. They are renowned for their fishing and trading activities, which have contributed to their economic prosperity. The Itsekiri tribe is known for its cultural practices, including the Olu of Warri kingship system and the Ogiame festival. The Itsekiri people have produced notable individuals in various fields and continue to make significant contributions to Nigerian society. Read also Richest Men In Delta State & Net Worth

9. Tiv Tribe

The Tiv tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, primarily residing in Benue State. The Tiv people are predominantly agrarian, known for their farming practices and expertise in agriculture. Their farming techniques, such as the use of mounds and terracing, have contributed to food security in the region. The Tiv tribe has a unique social organization and kinship system, with strong communal ties and a rich cultural heritage. Their festivals, such as the Tor-Tiv coronation and the Yam Festival, showcase their traditions and customs.

10. Nupe Tribe

The Nupe tribe is located in central Nigeria, primarily in Niger State. The Nupe people have a rich history that dates back to ancient times and have been influential in trade and commerce. Known for their traditional governance system and social structure, the Nupe tribe has maintained their cultural practices and customs. The Nupe language, known as Gure-Kahugu, is widely spoken in the region. The Nupe people have made significant contributions to the arts, crafts, and agriculture, and their festivals, such as the Nupeland Fishing Festival, attract visitors from far and wide.

11. Igala Tribe

The Igala tribe is predominantly found in Kogi State, Nigeria, and is one of the oldest ethnic groups in the country. The Igala people have a rich history and a strong traditional leadership system. The Attah of Igala serves as the paramount ruler and custodian of Igala customs and traditions. The Igala tribe has been influential in politics and has produced notable figures who have held key positions in government. Their cultural practices, such as the Ekwe and Okoso festivals, showcase their vibrant traditions and celebrations.

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Nigeria’s cultural landscape is a mosaic of diverse tribes, each with its own unique history, traditions, and contributions. They have played vital roles in shaping the nation’s identity and development. By recognizing and appreciating the richness of Nigeria’s tribal heritage, we can foster unity, celebrate diversity, and foster a sense of national pride. 

This involves supporting cultural initiatives, promoting inter-tribal dialogue, and ensuring the inclusion and representation of all tribes in the nation’s social and political spheres. By doing so, Nigeria can harness the strength of its diverse tribes, leverage their unique perspectives, and create a harmonious and prosperous future for all its people.

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Over 130 People Have Never Returned From Oregon's Most Scenic Peak

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• Over 130 people have died on the most scenic mountain in Oregon since 1896.
• Hypothermia and falling are the main causes of death on the mountain.
• Hike this Oregon mountain safely by bringing the correct supplies, and be sure to get prior training.

The Cascade Range is one of the most beautiful mountain ranges in Oregon. It is also the tallest and longest, which is why it is a popular place to hike, especially with a portion of the iconic Pacific Crest Trail cutting through it.

With the thousands who have explored the range over the years, some accidents have indeed occurred along the way. Unfortunately, more than just accidents have happened on one particular mountain (one that's often believed to be one of the best hikes in America for mountain climbers), as 130 people have never returned from Oregon's most scenic peak.

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Over 130 People Have Never Returned From Mount Hood

Since 1896, there have been 130 people who have died on mount hood.

With an elevation of about 12,000 feet, Mount Hood doesn't appear to be too intimidating; it's not quite in the challenging realms of Colorado's expert-only fourteeners . Plus, given Mount Hood's low probability of erupting, it's a popular spot to ski and snowboard.

Mount Hood is also one of the most popular mountain hikes in Oregon ; thousands try their best to make it to the top each year. But among those thousands are also tragedies, as many people have lost their lives on Mount Hood, leaving behind friends and loved ones in the process.

Every year, 8,000 to 10,000 hikers take to Mount Hood and attempt to reach the summit. Some make it, while others find the climb too strenuous and turn around so that they can tackle the mountain another day.

Unfortunately, some who don't make it to the top of Mount Hood fail due to circumstances on the mountain that take their lives. According to records, there have been over 130 deaths on the mountain, with some estimating the number sits at over 150.

While it's possible to hike both the north and south sides of Mount Hood, the south is where the majority of deaths occur. This is because Mount Hood's south side is the most popular route to take, given that it is a steady climb for the most part until reaching a more technical section at the top.

The scary thing about Mount Hood is that it doesn't matter how experienced a hiker is; everyone is at the same risk when trying to hike to the top. Those who do manage to summit Mount Hood know that they have done so while escaping the most common causes of death on the mountain.

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The Most Common Cause Of Death On Mount Hood

The most common causes of death on mount hood are hypothermia and falling.

More hikers than not complete the ascent of Mount Hood without incident. However, with more than 100 people having been unable to make it off the mountain alive, it calls into question what problems come into play when trying to hike to the top of Mount Hood.

There are two main reasons why people perish on Mount Hood. Those reasons include:

• Hypothermia

Of those who fall, many times it is as a result of other hikers knocking rock or ice off the mountain that ultimately strikes another hiker. Since so many hikers attempt the ascent of Mount Hood at one time, this becomes an even larger problem during the peak hiking season on the mountain.

The places where hikers most often fell on Mount Hood in more recent years include:

The most deadly incident on Mount Hood occurred in May 1986 when a group of students, parents, and teachers from Oregon Episcopal School started their ascent up the mountain . A snowstorm that turned into a blizzard hit Mount Hood.

Of the 20 people, 15 of whom were students, two decided to turn back before the storm got too bad. Those who remained on the mountain found shelter in a snow cave.

By the time they were located three days later, seven students and two faculty members were dead, having perished from hypothermia. This became the second most deadly ascent of a mountain in North America.

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How To Hike Mount Hood Safely

Hiking mount hood safely means choosing the right time of year to hike, having the right supplies, and training.

Hiking Mount Hood may be one of the most difficult mountains in the US to ascend that does not have technical rock climbing to reach the top. However, because it is so accessible, hikers may take to the mountain not being fully prepared. That is why it is so important to know the ins and outs of Mount Hood so that it can be hiked safely.

The Best Time Of Year To Hike Mount Hood

One of the biggest factors that is not thought of when preparing for hiking Mount Hood is the time of year. The general consensus is that the best time of year is April to July. This is because there is still snow on the mountain, which can help prevent slipping on ice, and there are far fewer storms that hit Mount Hood this time of year.

That said, this also tends to be the most popular time to climb Mount Hood. This means there is more opportunity for chunks of snow, ice, or boulders to be accidentally dislodged by hikers along the way. If that happens, falls are more likely.

This is why some believe that winter is the best time to hike Mount Hood. Not only is the snowpack deeper, covering crevices and ice to make the ascent less dangerous in that regard, but there are fewer people to have to navigate around. The trade-off comes as the storms in the area can be very hard to plan a hike around. As such, this could also be a treacherous time to hike Mount Hood.

Having The Right Supplies To Hike Mount Hood

Having the right supplies is key to safely hiking Mount Hood. While everyone has certain items they bring to make their hike more comfortable, there are some basic items that hikers need to have to successfully and safely get to the top of the mountain.

The supplies required to hike Mount Hood:

• Warm layers

Outside of these supplies, hikers should bring other items like sunscreen, water, gloves, and the like. Hikers should prepare to carry everything needed (and pack it in a way that doesn't affect one's steady footing), while also being prepared for the elements while hiking the 12,000 feet to the top.

Be In Good Physical Shape

It goes without saying that to hike Mount Hood safely, being in good physical shape is a must. This means not only being physically fit but having taken the time to get acclimated to elevation as well.

Most who train to hike Mount Hood do so with various cardio exercises, lots of hiking on smaller elevated mountains, preparing themselves to get up early, and even stair exercises to be fully ready when it's time to tackle Mount Hood (and not become another statistic of the mountain).

Over 17 million airline passengers head out for the busiest Labor Day weekend ever

This summer's record-breaking travel season is not over yet.

This Labor Day weekend is expected to be the busiest ever for the holiday at airports — with 17 million passengers planning to fly through Wednesday, the Transportation Security Administration said.

On Friday, there were over 8,000 delays and 450 cancellations affecting flights within, into or out of the U.S. By Saturday afternoon, there had already been 1,800 delays and 180 cancellations, according to the flight tracking site FlightAware .

The American Automobile Association reported that domestic travel this weekend is up 9% compared to last year. Travel to Seattle — which is Labor Day's most popular destination — also went up nearly 30% from last year, when it had also topped the list. According to AAA's booking data, Alaska cruises have been sold out for the weekend.

AAA said international travel over Labor Day weekend is down 4% compared to last year. It said international travel costs, which went up by 11%, may have been a factor.

Meanwhile, for road trip lovers, the average price for gas this weekend in the U.S. is lower this year — dropping to about $3.35 for a gallon of regular from $3.82 a year ago. AAA said it's preparing to rescue more than 300,000 stranded drivers over the coming days due to flat tires, dead batteries and lockouts.

This busy Labor Day weekend caps a historic summer for travel. The TSA said the 10 busiest days in the agency's history took place this summer starting in May. On July 7, the TSA screened a record 3 million in a single day.

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