north korea covid travel restrictions

Update April 12, 2024

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North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) Travel Advisory

Travel advisory july 24, 2023, north korea - level 4: do not travel.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Do not travel to North Korea due to  the continuing serious risk of arrest and long-term detention of U.S. nationals.  Exercise increased caution to North Korea due to  the critical threat of wrongful detention.

• All U.S. passports are invalid for travel to, in, or through the DPRK unless specially validated for such travel under the authority of the Secretary of State. 
• Special validations are granted only in very limited circumstances. More information on how to apply for the special validation is available  here .

The U.S. government is unable to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens in North Korea as it does not have diplomatic or consular relations with North Korea. Sweden serves as the protecting power for the United States in North Korea, providing limited emergency services. The North Korean government routinely delays or denies Swedish officials access to detained U.S. citizens.

Due to risks to civil aviation operating within or in the vicinity of North Korea, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has issued a Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM) and/or a Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR). For more information U.S. citizens should consult the  Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions and Notices .

Read the  country information page  for additional information on travel to North Korea.

If you receive a special validation to travel to North Korea:

• Draft a will and designate appropriate insurance beneficiaries and/or power of attorney.
• Discuss a plan with loved ones regarding care/custody of children, pets, property, belongings, non-liquid assets (collections, artwork, etc.), funeral wishes, etc.
• Visit our website for  Travel to High-Risk Areas .
• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Visit the CDC page for the latest  Travel Health Information  related to your travel.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler’s Checklist .

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North Korea’s Covid-19 Lockdown: Current Status and Road Ahead

Photo: CLEMENT MAHOUDEAU/AFP via Getty Images

Table of Contents

Report by Victor Cha , Katrin Fraser Katz , and J. Stephen Morrison

Published March 9, 2022

Available Downloads

• Download the Full Report 480kb

Current Status

• North Korea has instituted a “zero Covid-19 policy,” involving border lockdowns and quarantine measures, that it claims has enabled the country to remain Covid-free. The country is one of two in the world that has not begun a Covid-19 vaccination initiative.
• North Korea’s zero Covid-19 policy has precipitated secondary health and food crises.
• The combined effects of the lockdown, continued UN sanctions, and severe weather caused North Korea’s economy to contract by 4.5 percent in 2020, the worst decline since the great famine of the 1990s.
• The lockdown creates an added impediment to denuclearization talks, which have been stalled since 2019.
• North Korea can, and will most likely choose to, endure a continued lockdown.
• The regime may manage ongoing health and food crises through small and sporadic openings of the sort that occurred last fall and early this year, with the release of some shipments of humanitarian aid and a limited resumption of trade with China.
• A closing window of opportunity to receive aid as high levels of vaccination globally lead to a managed endemic situation;
• The easing of pandemic restrictions by China and South Korea after the Omicron wave;
• A worsening food crisis;
• The global proliferation of anti-virals; and
• The onset of a dangerous new variant.
• A high-volume humanitarian package proposal (e.g., 80 to 100 percent coverage with mRNA vaccines) to entice North Korea’s opening is untested and operationally feasible but would face political obstacles, monitoring concerns, North Korean “forum-shopping,” and North Korean resistance to linkage to denuclearization negotiations.

North Korea’s Covid Lockdown: Current Status and Road Ahead

CSIS hosted a panel of experts for a discussion of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on North Korea. The group discussed what is known about the current situation, the primary and secondary effects of the border lockdown, and the broader impact on North Korean society and markets. The group also examined North Korea’s path going forward, the possibility of an easing of restrictions, and the feasibility of humanitarian aid policies to North Korea. The meeting took place under Chatham House Rule on a not-for-attribution basis.

The Current Situation

North Korea has instituted a “zero Covid-19 policy” involving border lockdowns and quarantine measures since January 2020. It claims this has enabled the country to remain Covid-free. The country is one of two in the world (in addition to Eritrea) that has not begun a Covid-19 vaccination initiative, despite multiple offers from the global vaccination program COVAX. Presumably, the main impetus for the lockdown is the country’s vulnerability, as its fragile healthcare system is not equipped to deal with a Covid-19 outbreak. North Korea’s population, with no immunity from infection or vaccination, is exceedingly vulnerable to the virus. If a mass outbreak occurs, there will be no short-term solutions. The lockdown has precipitated the exit of almost all UN technical experts and senior managers, who would be needed at some level to oversee the delivery of vaccines in the event that North Korea accepts any in the future.

North Korea’s zero Covid-19 policy has precipitated secondary health and food crises , with supplies of imported medications drying up, routine immunization programs facing stock-outs, and sick people prohibited from traveling domestically to access hospitals. The country is also experiencing a food shortage, with the importation and internal distribution of food, fertilizer, farming equipment, and humanitarian aid severely restricted. Typhoons in 2020 caused flooding that further diminished crop yields. In July 2021, the United States assessed that 63.1 percent of the total population is food insecure, and one expert on the panel estimated that North Korea will suffer from 66,000 excess deaths per year as a result of its Covid-19 policies.

In addition to these human costs, North Korea’s economy contracted by 4.5 percent in 2020 due to the  combined effects of the lockdown, continued UN sanctions, and severe weather , the worst decline since the great famine of the 1990s. North Korea’s Covid-19 measures have also stifled bottom-up marketization processes, which North Koreans have been dependent on to support their livelihoods since the late 1990s.

The lockdown has also created an additional impediment to conducting diplomacy with North Korea on its nuclear and missile programs , which has been stalled since the collapse of U.S.-North Korea talks in 2019.

Looking Ahead

Despite these severe, multidimensional challenges, multiple experts assessed that North Korea can, and will most likely choose to, endure a continued lockdown. There are several reasons for this:

• First, the North Korean regime has survived periods of extreme hardship in the past, including the great famine of the 1990s that caused an estimated 1 to 2 million deaths. By comparison, one expert estimated that the worst-case scenario for North Korea in the event of an unmitigated Covid-19 outbreak would involve around 160,000 deaths.
• Second, North Korea’s leadership has accrued benefits from the zero Covid-19 policy insofar as it has provided the government with tools to strengthen ideological control, dominate markets, and stifle outside information.
• Lastly, according to conversations between experts and North Korean officials, the regime touts the country’s Covid-19 policy as a success that has protected the population. One North Korean official reportedly expressed astonishment and indignation about the death toll in countries that “don’t follow the rules” and noted that the world could have ended the pandemic if everyone followed North Korea’s example.

Rather than ending the lockdown, the regime may manage ongoing health and food crises through small and sporadic openings of the sort that occurred last fall and early this year, with the release of some shipments of humanitarian aid and a limited resumption of trade with China. The latter has included the refurbishment of military facilities near the border with China into quarantine and disinfection facilities for incoming cargo.

Nevertheless, certain developments could prompt North Korea to ease its lockdown.

• Globally, one expert noted that many countries with high levels of vaccination and immunity are starting to enter a managed endemic situation, which could decrease overall levels of international interest in providing pandemic support. North Korea may perceive a closing window of opportunity to accept pandemic-related aid in this context.
• Regionally, a shift in China away from its own zero-Covid policy would leave North Korea more isolated and could prompt Pyongyang to consider making the same move. This type of move is not expected in China until after the 20th Party Congress in late 2022, at the earliest. A potential South Korean decision to resume its more liberal “living with Covid” policies post-Omicron could have a similar effect.
• Internally, a worsening of the food crisis might prompt North Korea to reopen its borders to trade and aid. Multiple experts noted that food, rather than health, is likely to be the main issue driving any lessening of North Korea’s Covid-19 restrictions.
• The introduction of antivirals (once supply is more abundant, not expected until 2023) could make it easier for North Korea to reopen safely without needing to accept the level of outside monitoring that a vaccine program would entail.
• The emergence of a dangerous new variant could prompt a tightening of the lockdown, but it could also spur North Korea to rethink its openness to a widespread Covid-19 vaccine program. One expert noted that places such as North Korea are at high risk of becoming the epicenter of new variants due to their low vaccine access and uncertain immunity levels.

Factors Surrounding a Potential Humanitarian Package Offer

Experts discussed the prospects for a new, high-volume proposal from COVAX to entice North Korea to begin a mass Covid-19 vaccination program. Such an offer could entail enough Pfizer or Moderna mRNA vaccines to cover 80 to 100 percent of North Korea’s population.

North Korea would likely be interested. Its officials have indicated—privately but not publicly—that they would prefer mRNA vaccines to the less effective Chinese Sinovac and AstraZeneca vaccines offered in prior COVAX allocation rounds. A mass vaccination campaign would enable North Korean leaders to protect their population for an easing of the lockdown, even though they continue to claim zero cases (it would also require a regime-led campaign to change public attitudes toward the virus to accept some level of infection). Previously, the largest COVAX offer included enough (non-mRNA) vaccines to cover 20 percent of the population. Furthermore, because there is no “anti-vax” culture in North Korea, the leadership would not face the public resistance to such a program as seen in other countries.

This approach would also be operationally feasible. Sufficient levels of global supply exist (one expert noted that North Korea’s program would use a relatively small portion of planned expansions of Pfizer and Moderna vaccine production). North Korea also has the experience and infrastructure needed to roll out mass vaccine campaigns quickly (95 to 97 percent of North Korea’s population were routinely immunized against diseases such as measles and polio prior to the pandemic). Experts further noted that the additional cold chain investments that mRNA vaccines require would not be prohibitive for North Korea.

The program would likely face some obstacles. North Korea would balk at monitoring requirements or become worried that the vaccine offer would be linked to requests in other areas, such as currently stalled denuclearization talks. North Korea’s negotiation style also presents challenges. Specifically, it often does not disclose what it wants—leaving others guessing and negotiating among themselves about what to put on the table—and “forum shops” among aid groups to get the best possible monitoring deal. Experts suggested some workarounds for these problems , including reframing monitoring as “technical support” (appropriate because vaccines are not fungible like other forms of aid) and allowing a single humanitarian actor to serve as the key interlocutor with North Korea to hold the line on monitoring terms (similar to the approach the United States took prior to aid shipments provided in 2008). The United States could also publicly endorse a policy, as it has in the past, that de-links aid from strategic interests such as progress on denuclearization. The start of a new South Korean administration in May might offer an opportunity for a humanitarian initiative.

Victor Cha is senior vice president and Korea Chair at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington, D.C. Katrin Fraser Katz is an adjunct fellow (non-resident) with the CSIS Korea Chair. J. Stephen Morrison is senior vice president and director of the CSIS Global Health Policy Center.

This is the first of three reports of the CSIS Korea Chair 2022 Tipping Points project, which looks at potential variables for critical change in North Korea and the peninsula. This project is supported by CSIS and the Korea Foundation.

This report is produced by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), a private, tax-exempt institution focusing on international public policy issues. Its research is nonpartisan and nonproprietary. CSIS does not take specific policy positions. Accordingly, all views, positions, and conclusions expressed in this publication should be understood to be solely those of the author(s).

© 2022 by the Center for Strategic and International Studies. All rights reserved.

Katrin Fraser Katz

J. Stephen Morrison

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North Korea

Warnings and insurance.

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office ( FCDO ) provides advice about risks of travel to help British nationals make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice .

FCDO advises against all but essential travel to North Korea

Your travel insurance could be invalidated if you travel against FCDO advice. Consular support is also severely limited where FCDO advises against travel.

North Korea’s borders are currently closed, but few British people visit when they are open. Those that do are usually part of an organised tour. If you decide to visit North Korea, follow the advice of your tour group and the local authorities. Failure to do so could put your personal safety at risk.

The North Korean authorities have reportedly detained some foreign nationals and denied them access to consular support.

While daily life in the capital city Pyongyang may appear calm, the security situation can change quickly with no advance warning about possible actions by the authorities. This poses significant risks to British visitors and residents.

Follow the political and security situation very closely and stay in touch with your host organisation or tour operator.

Current incidents and risks

Covid-19 lockdown.

No entry into North Korea is permitted while COVID-19 border restrictions remain in place. The North Korean government continues to temporarily suspend all passenger routes into and out of North Korea. The British Embassy in Pyongyang is temporarily closed due to these restrictions. This means you cannot get consular support from within North Korea.

You cannot enter or leave North Korea through the border with South Korea without special permission.

Nuclear testing

The level of tension on the Korean peninsula has remained high since 2017 when North Korea began a series of nuclear and missile tests.

A halt in nuclear testing and ballistic missile tests, announced in April 2018, came to an end in May 2019. Testing of ballistic missiles has taken place frequently since 2019.

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide as well as support for British nationals abroad which includes:

• advice on preparing for travel abroad and reducing risks
• information for women, LGBT+ and disabled travellers

Follow and contact FCDO travel on Twitter , Facebook and Instagram . You can also sign up to get email notifications when this advice is updated.

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance . Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

North Korea travel advice

Latest updates: Health – editorial update

Last updated: March 13, 2024 15:06 ET

On this page

Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, north korea - avoid all travel.

There is no resident Canadian government office in the country. The ability of Canadian officials to provide consular assistance in North Korea is extremely limited.

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Safety information

Canadian (and Swedish) authorities may encounter major difficulties and delays in obtaining consular access to you if you are detained, particularly outside of Pyongyang. The provision of consular access is solely at the discretion of the North Korean government. Knowledge of North Korean police and judicial systems is limited, which may further affect our ability to provide assistance to you.

Tourist facilities are minimal and telecommunications are unreliable. Individual tourism can be arranged only through a handful of North Korean government-approved travel agencies. Travel must be authorized in advance by the government. Travellers are closely observed, and their accommodations and telecommunications are monitored.

There are serious shortages of food, electricity and clean water.

You have no right to privacy. Your movements and communications may be under surveillance at any time. Your personal belongings may be searched, and authorities may review the contents stored on your electronic devices.

Register with the Embassy of Canada to South Korea in Seoul and with the Embassy of Sweden in Pyongyang.

Tensions on the Korean Peninsula

Tensions on the Korean Peninsula can escalate with little notice. They may increase before, during and after North Korean nuclear and missile tests, military exercises and incidents such as inter-Korean border skirmishes or other incidents that one or the other side finds offensive. Due to very limited access to international media broadcasts in North Korea, you may be taken by surprise by events that could affect your security.

The crime rate is low. Petty crime occurs, especially at the Pyongyang Sunan International Airport. Ensure that your personal belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, are secure at all times.

Road safety

Travel within North Korea is severely restricted. Transportation is usually provided by local tour representatives or authorities. Major highways are in good condition, while rural roads can be hazardous. Police checkpoints, usually located at the entry to towns, may require that travellers provide documentation before onward travel is permitted.

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the North Korean authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid at least 6 months beyond the date you expect to leave North Korea.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Canadians must have a visa to enter North Korea. You can obtain a visa from a North Korean mission in a third country after approval from the government in Pyongyang. The process for obtaining visas can be extremely slow and arduous.

Canadians arriving without a valid Canadian passport and visa may be detained, arrested, fined or denied entry.

Professional journalists must apply for special permission to visit North Korea and may not enter the country on a tourist visa, even if they are travelling for personal reasons.

Tourist visa: required Business visa: required Student visa: required

Other entry information

Foreigners can enter North Korea either by air or by train. It is not possible to enter North Korea from South Korea or to enter South Korea from North Korea.

Even if you meet all entry requirements, you may be arbitrarily arrested and/or detained at your point of entry.

Dual citizenship

If you are a Korean citizen or have family ties with North Korea, you should carefully consider your decision to visit. Authorities periodically subject dual citizens and children of former Koreans to certain laws and obligations.

Canadians who also have South Korean citizenship must obtain approval from South Korean authorities for travel to North Korea. For more information, contact the Embassy of Canada to the Republic of Korea in Seoul, South Korea.

Unauthorized points of entry

Foreigners have been detained, and in one instance shot, for entering the country at unauthorized points. Ensure that you stay within permitted zones and strictly follow North Korea’s procedures and protocols.

Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from a country   where yellow fever occurs.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is not recommended.
• Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
• Contact a designated  Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre  well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre

* It is important to note that  country entry requirements  may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest  diplomatic or consular office  of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

Japanese encephalitis is a viral infection that can cause swelling of the brain.  It is spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Risk is very low for most travellers. Travellers at relatively higher risk may want to consider vaccination for JE prior to travelling.

Travellers are at higher risk if they will be:

• travelling long term (e.g. more than 30 days)
• making multiple trips to endemic areas
• staying for extended periods in rural areas
• visiting an area suffering a JE outbreak
• engaging in activities involving high contact with mosquitos (e.g., entomologists)

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.   Limited malaria transmission may occur in this destination, but risk to travellers is very low.    Antimalarial medication is not recommended for most travellers. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times: 

• Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.
• Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows.
• Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.
• Wear permethrin-treated clothing. 

If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

In this destination, rabies is commonly carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. In this destination, rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.  

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

• In this country, risk of  dengue  is sporadic. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
• Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
• The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
• Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue fever.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by bacteria and usually affects the lungs.

For most travellers the risk of tuberculosis is low.

Travellers who may be at high risk while travelling in regions with risk of tuberculosis should discuss pre- and post-travel options with a health care professional.

High-risk travellers include those visiting or working in prisons, refugee camps, homeless shelters, or hospitals, or travellers visiting friends and relatives.

Medical services and facilities

The level of medical services and facilities is poor. Hospitals often lack heat and medicine, and suffer from frequent power outages. Immediate payment in cash is expected for treatment. Pyongyang Friendship Hospital, in the Munsu-dong district of Pyongyang, is staffed by English-speaking professionals. If possible, avoid undergoing surgery. Medical evacuations are very difficult to arrange and are not guaranteed. You should take this into account prior to travel if you have an unstable medical condition. If you show symptoms of a serious communicable disease, you may be subject to strict quarantine conditions.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

North Korea is under international and Canadian sanctions . These sanctions could be relevant to and affect your travel.

Foreigners must register through their host organization within 24 hours of arrival in the country.

You must be accompanied by an official guide at all times. Follow all instructions from your guide. Unauthorized conversations with locals or currency exchange, as well as making a purchase in a store not designated for foreigners, could lead to fines or arrest.

Foreigners are prohibited from using public buses or the subway.

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are strict. Convicted offenders can expect jail sentences and heavy fines.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Import and exports

Importation of satellite telephones and shortwave radios is prohibited. Such items are confiscated upon entry and usually returned upon departure.

The import and export of local currency is prohibited.

Authorities may seize any material that they deem to be pornographic, political or intended for religious proselytizing. If you plan to bring material written in the Korean language, ensure that it will not be interpreted by local authorities as being against the interests of the North Korean regime.

Involvement in politics and unsanctioned religious activity can result in detention.

Photography of airports, roads, bridges, seaports and rail stations is prohibited. Any pictures or video taken outside of tourist areas could result in confiscation of equipment or detention. Seek permission from your tour guide before taking photographs.

Dual citizenship is not legally recognized in North Korea.

If local authorities consider you a citizen of North Korea, they may refuse to grant you access to Canadian consular services. This will prevent us from providing you with those services.

Travellers with dual citizenship

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. It does not apply between Canada and North Korea.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in North Korea by an abducting parent:

• act as quickly as you can
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in North Korea to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre.

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

• International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
• Travelling with children
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Emergency Watch and Response Centre

Ensure that you are not seen to be critical of the country’s political system or its current and former leaders Kim Jong-un, Kim Jong-il and Kim Il-Sung and their family members.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers

North Korean law does not prohibit sexual acts between individuals of the same sex. However, homosexuality is not widely accepted in North Korean society.

2SLGBTQI+ travellers have experienced harassment and verbal abuse.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

The currency is North Korean won (KPW). Cash is the most accepted form of payment. Foreigners are expected to use the Euro or, alternatively, the Chinese renminbi or U.S. dollar. Change in foreign currency is often unavailable. Banking facilities are limited. There are no ATMs. Some hotels accept credit cards, if you give them advance notice.

The rainy (monsoon) season extends from the end of June until August. Typhoons occur in August and September.

Severe rainstorms can cause flooding and landslides, which in turn can result in significant loss of life and extensive damage to infrastructure, as well as hamper the provision of essential services. North Korea is also prone to drought. Keep informed of regional weather forecasts, avoid disaster areas and follow the advice of local authorities.

Tornadoes, cyclones, hurricanes, typhoons and monsoons

Local services

There is no centralized number to reach emergency services. Research and carry contact information for local police and medical facilities.

Consular assistance

There is no resident Canadian government office in North Korea. You can obtain consular assistance from the Swedish embassy in Pyongyang.

For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada in South Korea and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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N. Korea eases certain travel restrictions on border residents amid “victory” against COVID-19

China and North Korea held several discussions on restarting trade last month, but the talks ultimately ruptured due to the COVID-19 issue, a source in China told Daily NK

Before declaring an end to the country’s COVID-19 crisis, North Korea eased certain travel restrictions on residents of the China-North Korea border region. However, people from other areas of the country are still restricted from entering the border area.

A Daily NK source in Yanggang Province said Friday that Hyesan authorities received an order in early August that stated people can travel to areas other than those along the China-North Korea border. 

“People’s economic activities have picked up because they can travel as long as they have a certificate stamped by the head of their neighborhood watch unit Neighborhood watch units (inminban, people's units) are Nort... More and the police officer and security officer in their district,” he said.

On Aug. 10, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un declared “victory” in the country’s battle against COVID-19 during a meeting to review the nation’s emergency quarantine efforts. Based on the source’s report, North Korea appears to have relaxed travel restrictions on border residents in the run-up to the meeting.

Residents of Yanggang Province’s border region can now travel to parts of the province away from the border as long as they have a travel certificate. Before, people in border towns had a tough time leaving their cities or counties; now, with restrictions relaxed somewhat, travel to non-border areas of the province has become easier for them. 

The source also noted that people living in Hyesan can now travel to non-border areas such as Pungseo County, Kimhyonggwon County and Paegam County with few restrictions. Of course, they must carry a certificate signed by the head of their neighborhood watch unit Neighborhood watch units (inminban, people's units) are Nort... More and their local police officer and security officer when traveling. 

However, people living in the China-North Korea border region are still restricted from going to other border towns, and residents of non-border regions are not allowed to travel to the border region. In short, the authorities continue to strictly prevent people’s access to the border region, likely as a measure to prevent people under severe economic distress from defecting the country. 

Meanwhile, some North Koreans say the country quickly declared an end to COVID-19 with a view to quickly reinvigorate trade with China. 

A source in China said the two countries held several discussions on restarting trade last month, but the talks ultimately ruptured due to the COVID-19 issue.

“North Korea’s economic situation has grown worse following delays in restarting bilateral trade, so it declared an end to COVID-19, claiming there were no more fever cases,” he said. “[The declaration] appears to be aimed at pushing for a quick restart to trade with China.”

Please direct any comments or questions about this article to [email protected].

Read in Korean

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North Korea: how the COVID outbreak is putting pressure on the regime

Professor of International Relations and Security, University of Bradford

Disclosure statement

Christoph Bluth received funding from the Korea Foundation.

University of Bradford provides funding as a founding partner of The Conversation UK.

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For most of the COVID pandemic, North Korea has taken a different approach to the rest of the world. While other countries locked down and restricted international travel, the North Korean government took its own measures to protect itself , including denying the existence of the virus, refusing donations of vaccines and restricting information to its citizens.

In early 2020, North Korea had an advantage compared to other countries: much of the population never interacted with foreigners , as for most people international travel is tightly controlled and only rarely permitted. Even internal travel is heavily restricted, making it more difficult for a disease to spread.

Nonetheless the country was not completely isolated, because in the northern region many would illegally cross the border for occasional work in China and then return to North Korea . There was also a great deal of official traffic across the border. But in January 2020, the North Korean leadership completely closed the border and terminated almost all cross-border trade .

Fast forward to the beginning of 2022 and an outbreak of omicron in North Korea resulted in such a rapid spread of the virus that the strategy of COVID denial was no longer sustainable. Some sources have speculated that a massive military parade held to mark the 90th anniversary of the North Korean army was a super spreader event, resulting in a lockdown in the capital Pyongyang.

On May 20 the authorities stated that 2.5 million North Koreans had contracted COVID (referred to as the “fever”). Allegedly 1.8 million people have recovered and 66 people died. But it is highly likely that there has been much more illness and death .

North Koreans are particularly vulnerable for a variety of reasons. First of all, although the population is not obese ( one factor in the mortality from COVID), many are suffering from severe chronic malnutrition. According to a UN report, 42.4% of North Koreans were malnourished during 2018-21 . Moreover, the healthcare system is so underdeveloped that it cannot provide the life-saving treatments that many western COVID patients have received .

Andrei Lankov, the director of analysis and news company the Korean Risk Group, has reported that the North Korean authorities are advising the general population not to seek medical help but to treat the illness with paracetamol or ibuprofen . Lankov suggests that if they went to hospitals, the treatment they would receive would not be any different.

Previously in the pandemic

There was a risk early on that the virus would come to North Korea from China. Nevertheless, by April 2020 expert analysts believed that North Korea had largely succeeded in containing the outbreak .

Yet there were persistent reports of some COVID deaths. For example, it was reported early in the pandemic that 180 soldiers had died of COVID and 3,700 had been quarantined . However, establishing details of what is happening in North Korea is always extremely difficult because of secrecy and poor record keeping.

Extreme measures appear to have been taken both to prevent news getting out and to keep the virus under control. Sources say that doctors were not permitted to discuss COVID with anyone in order to protect the reputation of the country. The town of Kaesong, which is close to the South Korean border, was closed for a three-week lockdown because of just one case of COVID.

Until the end of 2021 the North Korean regime’s approach to the outside world was one of denial. It claimed to be COVID free, relying on its total information control, as well as general authoritarian restrictions over the population. Although the outside world did not believe that North Korea was entirely free of cases, the leadership managed to maintain internal control.

However, this strategy of containment had severe consequences for the economy of North Korea as trade with China reduced to a trickle and the country, already under very severe sanctions from the United States, faced a severe and growing shortage of food .

The Kim Jong-un regime rejected foreign aid to help deal with the pandemic. In July 2021 North Korea was offered and rejected 2 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine . It also refused the 3 million doses of the Chinese vaccine Sinovac that were allocated to North Korea by the global vaccine team . Instead, Kim continued to deal with the pandemic in his own way .

For now, the greatest danger to Kim’s authoritarian rule does not come from the general population, but from the country’s elite . However, from the very beginning of the pandemic, the North Korean leadership has done its utmost to protect the elite, providing masks, requiring social distancing and privileged access to healthcare .

Elderly people in the remote countryside are most at risk. But the combination of increasing food scarcity, the economic consequences of domestic restrictions, the downturn in trade and the virtual collapse of informal markets due to the trade restrictions means that there are genuine risks to the stability of North Korea . Kim may be forced to accept more international help and reduce the burden of sanctions to control the situation.

This may explain the recent frequency of missile launches and preparations for a further nuclear test . As in the past, North Korea may seek to put pressure on the international community as a means to increase its bargaining power with the US.

It’s not clear yet how the US will respond.

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North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)

Latest update.

Do not travel to North Korea due to the very different laws affecting visitors and the uncertain security situation. 

North Korea (PDF 247.16 KB)

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Advice levels

Do not travel to North Korea.

• North Korea and South Korea are technically still at war, and tensions have increased in recent times. North Korea frequently conducts missile tests or other provocations, raising regional tensions. Monitor developments.
• The North Korean Government restricts information, especially about domestic politics and international relations. You can usually access international satellite TV channels at some tourist hotels. However, if the government shuts these down in a crisis, you may not know what's happening. Monitor state broadcasts and, if possible, international media for signs of increasing tensions.
• Crime against travellers is rare. However, some travellers have reported petty crimes. Keep your passport and belongings close, especially at Pyongyang Airport and in public markets.
• The rainy season is from late June to late August. Typhoons can happen in August and September. Excessive rain can cause flooding and landslides, damage housing and infrastructure, and may disrupt essential services. Know your hotel's evacuation plan.
• North Korea and neighbouring countries experience earthquakes. Large earthquakes can make destructive tsunamis more likely. Don't wait for official warnings, alarms or sirens. Know the tsunami warning signs and move to high ground straight away if you're on the coast. 

Full travel advice: Safety

• Medical facilities are basic, including in Pyongyang, and hygiene is poor. Avoid surgery unless you need it to leave North Korea. If you're seriously ill or injured, you'll need medical evacuation to China for treatment. Contact the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang or if possible, the Australian Embassy in Seoul for assistance. Medical evacuations are very expensive and difficult to organise. Ensure your travel insurance covers this. 
• Insect-borne, waterborne, foodborne, and other infectious diseases are risks in North Korea. Ensure you have the appropriate vaccinations and bring preventative medication. Practice good personal hygiene, avoid raw or undercooked foods and drink only boiled or bottled water.
• Medications can be very hard to get in North Korea. If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal. Take enough legal medicine for your trip.
• From March to May, strong winds carry yellow dust to the Korean Peninsula from Mongolia and China. This can cause eye, nose, mouth and throat irritations. Get medical advice if you have heart or breathing problems.

Full travel advice: Health

• Travelling as part of a tour or with a guide doesn't give you special protection from North Korean laws. Authorities may arrest, detain or expel you for activities that aren't crimes in Australia. They may also search your belongings and monitor your communications.
• Don't use or carry illegal drugs. Penalties for drug offences are severe and parole is unlikely. Drug traffickers can get indefinite jail sentences.
• Authorities may judge many activities as spying. Be very careful when taking photos. It's illegal to photograph anything other than designated public tourist sites. Always ask your North Korean guide for permission before taking photos.
• North Korea has strict laws about what you can bring into the country. It's illegal to bring in religious, pornographic or political items. Declare all published material and electronic devices when you arrive. It's also illegal to knowingly or unknowingly possess items that breach North Korean law.
• Be careful who you talk to and what you say. It's illegal to show disrespect or make jokes about North Korea, current or former leaders or their families. It's also illegal to talk to North Koreans without authorisation. Authorities may consider it spying if you do. Only shop at stores designated for foreigners.
• North Korea doesn't recognise dual nationality. The North Korean authorities may permit limited or no consular assistance to detained dual nationals. This includes Australians of Korean heritage, including those originally from South Korea. Australian-South Korean dual nationals may need permission from South Korean authorities to travel to North Korea.

Full travel advice: Local laws

• If despite our advice, you travel to North Korea, you'll need a visa for all types of travel. North Korea doesn't have an embassy or consulate in Australia. This means you need to travel to another country, such as China, to get your visa. If you're travelling for business, you'll need a North Korean sponsor and permission from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Journalists must get a special visa. Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. You should contact the nearest embassy or consulate of North Korea for the latest details. 
• Tours to North Korea have been suspended until further notice for most nationalities including Australians. If North Korea re-opens its borders to other countries, you may have to travel via Beijing, requiring a double-or multiple-entry visa for China. Without such a visa, you won't be able to re-enter China when you leave North Korea. Contact the  Embassy or Consulate of the People's Republic of China  for details.
• Travellers must register with North Korean government authorities within 24 hours of arriving. Do this through your host organisation or hotel.
• The local currency is the North Korean Won, although foreigners are not permitted to use it. Foreigners are required to use foreign currency. The Euro is the most widely accepted foreign currency. US dollars and Chinese yuan are also widely accepted. Exchanging currencies is difficult. You can't use ATMs, traveller's cheques, or debit and credit cards. Take enough foreign currency for your trip in small denominations.
• You can only travel on an official tour. An official guide must always accompany you. Charges for travel can be high, including for taxis, guides, tolls and permits.

Full travel advice: Travel

Local contacts

• The  Consular Services Charter  details what we can and can't do to help you overseas.
• Australia doesn't have an embassy in North Korea. We aren't able to provide regular consular services to Australian citizens in North Korea. Our ability to provide consular services in North Korea is extremely limited. The  Australian Embassy in Seoul  may be able to provide limited consular assistance to Australians in North Korea, although it is not possible to contact the Embassy in Seoul directly from North Korea. If you're arrested or detained, North Korean authorities may deny you consular access to Australian officials. 
• The  Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang  serves as the 'protecting power' for Australia and provides limited emergency consular services. There may be reduced capacity from the Swedish Embassy to offer consular assistance. The North Korean authorities may delay or deny your access if you are arrested or detained.
• If despite our advice, you travel to North Korea, consider registering your travel to North Korea with the Australian Embassy in Seoul.
• To stay up-to-date with local information, follow the Australian Embassy in Seoul's social media accounts to the extent possible.
• If you require consular assistance, please contact the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang or, if possible, the Australian Embassy in Seoul. 

Full travel advice: Local contacts

Full advice

Civil unrest and political tension.

Since the practical end of the Korean War in 1953, the Korean Peninsula has been divided by a demilitarised zone (DMZ), which separates:

• North Korea or the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK)
• South Korea or the Republic of Korea (ROK)

An armistice agreement helps to maintain peace. However, North and South Korea are still technically at war and relations are tense. Tensions have increased in recent times.

South Korean and North Korean militaries sometimes exchange artillery fire across lines of control.

Security and tension

The security situation on the Korean Peninsula can worsen with little warning.

North Korea regularly conducts ballistic missile launches and has conducted underground nuclear tests. These activities increase tension in the region.

North Korea regularly makes hostile statements about other countries, including Australia.

North Korea says it can't guarantee the safety of embassies and international organisations in the country if there's conflict.

Access to information

North Korea is a closed society.

Authorities restrict access to information. What's available is unreliable. There's very little, if any, information about internal politics.

You can usually access international satellite TV channels at hotels that international travellers use, although these are often censored and can be quickly disrupted.

Civil unrest, internal instability or tension on the Korean Peninsula could rise quickly. Your access to information, including via international news channels, can be quickly cut off.

If, despite the risks, you travel to North Korea:

• take the necessary precautions to ensure your safety
• pay close attention to your personal security
• monitor state broadcasts and other local sources for signs of rising tension, civil unrest or internal instability
• if possible, monitor South Korean and other media for security risks
• you should notify the Australian Embassy in Seoul of your travel plans

Crime against travellers is rare. However, some travellers have reported petty crimes.

Keep your passport and belongings close particularly:

• at Pyongyang airport
• in public markets

Cyber Security

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth.

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions, or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media.

More information:

• Cyber security when travelling overseas

Kidnapping can happen anywhere, anytime, including destinations that are typically at lower risk. The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

Terrorism is a threat throughout the world.

Terrorist threats

Climate and natural disasters

North Korea experiences natural disasters and  severe weather , including:

• flooding and landslides
• earthquakes

In an emergency, our ability to provide consular assistance, if any, will likely be severely limited.

If a natural disaster occurs:

• exercise caution
• stay away from affected areas
• secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location
• follow the advice of local authorities
• monitor local media and other sources
• keep in contact with friends and family

Check with tour operators before travelling to affected areas.

Register with the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System to receive alerts on major disasters.

Typhoons and severe weather

The rainy season is from late June to late August.

Excessive rainfall can cause flooding and landslides, damage housing and infrastructure, and may disrupt essential services. Flash flooding can occur after short periods of rain. 

August to September is typhoon season, but typhoons may occur at other times.

Flooding  is common during the rainy season and may disrupt transport and other essential services. Check if severe weather has affected the areas where you plan to travel.

The direction and strength of typhoons can change with little warning.

If a typhoon approaches:

• know your hotel evacuation plans
• identify your local shelter

If you stay:

• adequate shelter might not be available
• flights could be delayed, suspended or fill quickly
• ports may close

Contact your airline for flight updates.

World Meteorological Organisation Severe Weather Information Centre

Earthquakes and tsunamis

Earthquake activity on the Korean Peninsula is low for the region. However, North Korea and neighbouring countries do experience earthquakes. Large earthquakes, predominantly in neighbouring countries, can cause destructive tsunamis that may affect the Korean Peninsula.

Get updates on earthquakes and tsunamis from the US Tsunami Warning Center .

If there's an earthquake or tsunami:

• follow our advice for natural disasters
• move to higher ground right away if you're on the coast

Don't wait for official warnings, such as alarms or sirens. Once on high ground, check local media.

Travel insurance

Get comprehensive travel insurance before you leave. 

Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

You'll probably need a specialised insurance policy that covers travel to high-risk destinations. Most Australian policies won't cover you for travel to North Korea.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

• what activities and care your policy covers
• that your insurance covers you for the whole time you'll be away

Physical and mental health

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition. 

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

• have a basic health check-up
• ask if your travel plans may affect your health
• plan any vaccinations you need

Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your  nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate  to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location. 

• General health advice
• Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

Medications

Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

Medications can be very hard to get in North Korea.

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in North Korea. Take enough legal medicine for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor stating:

• what the medication is
• the required dosage
• that it's for personal use

Health risks

Insect-borne illnesses

Malaria is a risk, especially in the south of the country from May to September.

Japanese encephalitis is also a risk.

To protect yourself from disease:

• make sure your accommodation is insect-proof
• use insect repellent
• wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing
• consider taking medicine to prevent malaria
• get vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis before you travel

Infectious diseases

Other health risks

• Waterborne, foodborne and other infectious diseases occur, including:
• tuberculosis

Intestinal worm infections, such as roundworm, are common. These can affect travellers.

Get advice on preventative medicine for intestinal worms.

Hand, foot and mouth disease

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is common.

Serious outbreaks sometimes occur. Outbreaks usually start in March and peak in May but can continue until October each year.

The disease mostly affects children aged under 10 years. Adult cases, especially in young adults, are not unusual.

Signs of HFMD include fever and blisters and rashes on the hands, feet and buttocks.

The disease is spread by direct contact with nose and throat discharges and faeces of infected people.

To protect yourself from illness:

• boil drinking water or drink bottled water from bottles with sealed lids
• avoid ice cubes
• avoid raw and undercooked food, such as salads
• wash your hands frequently and thoroughly

Yellow dust

Yellow dust is carried to the Korean Peninsula by strong winds from Mongolia and China from March to May.

The dust can:

• cause eye, nose, mouth and throat irritations
• make breathing and heart problems worse

To protect yourself:

• stay indoors as much as possible
• avoid exercising outdoors on days of high yellow dust concentration
• speak to a doctor if you're concerned about symptoms

Medical facilities

The standard of medical facilities is basic and hygiene is poor. This includes in Pyongyang.

Avoid surgery unless you need it to leave North Korea.

The Friendship Hospital has English-speaking doctors for travellers. The hospital is in the Munsudong District of Pyongyang. Like other hospitals in North Korea, it may:

• lack heating and medical supplies
• have power outages and other difficulties

The Friendship Hospital may not have strong infection control capabilities. Healthcare standards in North Korea mean that adequate care could not be provided to both residents and travellers in the event of a mass casualty incident or epidemic. 

The cost of medical treatment is high.

You may need to pay cash up-front, usually in euros, before a hospital will treat you.

Travel from rural areas to Pyongyang for medical emergencies can be long and difficult.

Medical evacuation

Since January 2020, North Korean authorities have severely restricted flights in and out of North Korea. This makes medical evacuation difficult.           

If you become seriously ill or injured, you'll need to be evacuated to China for treatment. Contact the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang or if possible, the Australian Embassy in Seoul for assistance.

Medical evacuation can be very expensive. It can also be difficult to arrange quickly. You may face delays getting the required approvals or booking flights. There are few regular flights from North Korea.

You and your medical escorts will also need visas for  China for evacuation. 

Authorities don't allow evacuation across the demilitarised zone to South Korea.     

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.  If you are arrested or detained, ask North Korean officials to notify the Embassy of Sweden immediately.

Travelling as part of a tour or with a guide offers no special protection from North Korean laws.

Arbitrary arrest and detention

Authorities have arrested and detained foreigners, including Australians.

Culture and politics influence authorities when they're making arrests, not just the law.

You may be arrested, detained or expelled for activities that aren't crimes in Australia.

Authorities closely watch travellers. They may search belongings in your hotel room or monitor your email, internet, phone and fax usage.

Penalties for drug offences are severe. Trafficking can result in an indefinite jail sentence.

Parole is rare in drug-related cases.

Carrying or using drugs

Authorities make arrests and detain people for many activities. Penalties can be very harsh.

Many seemingly innocent activities may be perceived as spying.

It's illegal to take photos of anything other than designated public tourist sites. This includes:

• roads and bridges
• rail stations
• government buildings
• scenes of poverty
• anything that may give a negative impression of North Korea

Always ask your North Korean guide for permission before taking photos.

It's illegal to:

• bring items that may be seen as religious, pornographic or political
• not declare published material or electronic devices when you enter
• knowingly or unknowingly possess items that breach North Korean law
• show disrespect or make jokes about North Korea, current or former leaders or their families
• engage in an unauthorised currency transaction
• shop at stores not designated for foreigners

It's also illegal to talk to North Koreans without authorisation. This may be perceived as spying.

If you're involved in a civil or commercial dispute, authorities can stop you leaving the country.

Australian laws

Australia has sanctions against North Korea . It is prohibited to supply, sell, or transfer to North Korea (directly or indirectly) goods other than food and medicine unless authorised. It is also prohibited to procure or receive goods other than food and medicine from North Korea unless authorised. Be aware that Australia's sanctions prohibit the transfer of luxury goods to North Korea.

Australians travelling to North Korea can carry items on the luxury goods lists for personal use only. You must not sell or give these items to others.

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

Staying within the law and respecting customs

Dual citizenship

North Korea doesn't recognise dual nationality.

If you're a dual citizen, this limits the consular services we can provide if you're arrested or detained. This includes if you're an Australian of Korean heritage, including if you're originally from South Korea.

If you're a South Korean-Australian dual citizen, you may need to get approval from South Korean authorities to travel to North Korea.

Get advice from a South Korean embassy or consulate before you travel.

Dual nationals

Local customs

Same-sex relationships are not explicitly illegal in North Korea. However, authorities don't find them acceptable. Be discrete.

• LGBTI travellers

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

If despite our advice, you travel to North Korea, you need a visa for all types of travel.

If you arrive without a valid visa, you may be:

• denied entry

There is no longer a North Korean embassy or consulate in Australia. This means you need to travel to another country, such as China or Indonesia, to get your visa for North Korea.

You may need to provide recent international travel itineraries to apply for a visa. You may also have to show these when you arrive in North Korea.

Other visas

Business travellers generally need:

• sponsorship by a North Korean organisation
• permission from the North Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Professional journalists must apply for special permission to visit. Authorities do not permit journalists to enter the country on a tourist visa.

Entry and exit conditions change regularly. Contact the  Embassy of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in Indonesia  for details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules.

Border measures

You'll likely need a double or multiple-entry visa for China if you're travelling through China to or from North Korea. Otherwise, you won't be able to re-enter China when you leave North Korea. Contact the  Embassy or Consulate of the People's Republic of China  for details.

Travel advice for China

Other formalities

Australia has sanctions against North Korea that limit what you can take with you. See Local laws.

When entering North Korea, you need to declare all:

• published material, such as books, academic papers and pamphlets
• communications devices, such as mobile phones, satellite phones, GPS receivers and radios

Assume that authorities will inspect published material and electronic devices and possibly confiscate them. Speak to your tour operator if you have concerns.

If authorities don't confiscate your controlled items, you may need to leave them at the customs checkpoints. You may be able to collect them when you leave.

You may be quarantined if you show medical symptoms of a serious communicable disease.

Embassy or consulate of North Korea

Register on arrival

Travellers must register with government authorities within 24 hours of arrival in North Korea. You can do this through your host organisation.

If you stay in a hotel, confirm at check-in that your hotel will take care of your registration.

Some countries won't let you enter unless your passport is valid for 6 months after you plan to leave that country. This can apply even if you're just transiting or stopping over.

Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.

You can end up stranded if your passport is not valid for more than 6 months.

The Australian Government doesn't set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid for long enough, consider getting a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:

• In Australia, contact the Australian Passport Information Service .
• If you're overseas, contact the nearest Australian embassy or consulate .

Passport with 'X' gender identifier

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can’t guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest  embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers.

The local currency is the North Korean Won (KPW). Foreigners are not allowed to use the Won. Foreigners are required to use foreign currency.

The euro is the most widely accepted foreign currency. US dollars and Chinese yuan are also widely accepted.

Changing currencies in North Korea is difficult.

Banking facilities are limited and traveller's cheques aren't accepted.

ATMs are not available.

You can't use a debit or credit card to withdraw cash from a bank.

Some shops and restaurants catering to travellers might convert foreign currency so you can pay.

Use cash. Take small denominations of foreign currency, as you may not be able to get change from large denominations.

Local travel

North Korea doesn't allow independent tourism. Authorities restrict travel within the country.

Authorities only allow tourism in groups organised by North Korean officials or by approved travel agencies.

An official guide must always accompany travellers.

You may have to show your identity documents at police checkpoints when entering and leaving towns.

Travellers often report that charges for travel can be high and arbitrary, including charges for:

• hire vehicles

Communications

Assume that authorities are monitoring all your phone conversations. This includes your mobile if it wasn't confiscated when you arrived.

International phone lines may be disconnected without notice.

Some hotels in Pyongyang allow direct dial international phone calls. Charges are high.

Internet access is severely restricted.

Communications are unreliable.

Direct telephone calls to or from South Korea are not possible.

Necessities

You can buy food and clean water with hard currency at some hotels and restaurants.

Energy and pharmaceutical shortages are common.

Road travel

Tour operators or sponsors usually provide road transportation.

Expect regular delays with vehicles and passengers needing to clear through checkpoints.

Highways are relatively good. Rural and some suburban roads can be in a poor state.

Tourists are generally not allowed to drive.

Vehicles may be old and break down.

Public transport

Authorities restrict foreigners’ use of public transport , including the rail network.

Ask your tour operator or guide about public transport or rail travel.

If you're travelling by train, expect long delays due to power outages.

Many coastal areas are sensitive.

If you travel to North Korea by sea, your vessel could be detained or fired on.

Flights to and from North Korea are regularly cancelled or delayed.

Sanctions are in place that affect North Korean service providers, including airlines. Check with your tour operator or airline before you travel.

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check North Korea's air safety profile with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Research and carry contact information for local police, medical facilities and your host organisation.

Depending on what you need, contact your:

• family and friends
• travel agent
• insurance provider

Consular contacts

Read the  Consular Services Charter  for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

Australia doesn't have an embassy in North Korea. The  Australian Embassy in Seoul  provides consular assistance to Australians in North Korea, although our capacity to do so is very limited. 

If you're arrested or detained, North Korean authorities may deny you consular access to Australian officials. 

The  Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang  serves as the 'protecting power' for Australia and provides limited emergency consular services. The Swedish Embassy may have reduced capacity to offer consular assistance, and North Korean authorities may deny access to consular officials.

If despite our advice, you travel to North Korea, consider registering your travel to North Korea by advising the Australian Embassy in Seoul.

If you require consular assistance, please contact the  Australian Embassy in Seoul  if you're able, or the  Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang . 

Australian Embassy, Seoul

19th floor, Kyobo Building

Seoul 03154, Republic of Korea

Phone: +82 2 2003 0100

Fax: +82 2 2003 0196

Website:  southkorea.embassy.gov.au

Check the Embassy website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

South Korean phone numbers can't be called directly from within North Korea.

Embassy of Sweden, Pyongyang

Munsudong 3

Taedonggang District

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Phone: (+46) 8 405 10 00

Email:  [email protected]

Website:  swedenabroad.se/en/embassies/north-korea-pyongyang

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

• +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
• 1300 555 135 in Australia

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North Korea, the original Hermit Kingdom, slowly reopens after covid

SEOUL — North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was a master of social distancing long before the covid-19 pandemic, as head of a totalitarian state that has exerted tight control on its contacts with the outside world for seven decades. But even by Kim’s standards, the last 3½ years have been extraordinary.

North Korean authorities shut down international borders at the beginning of the pandemic in 2020. Almost all cross-border exchanges, including tourism, diplomatic visits, aid deliveries and trade, were restricted to prevent the coronavirus from infiltrating the country’s poor health-care system.

Now, the state is cracking open its doors.

North Korea’s flagship airline Air Koryo restarted services late last month from Pyongyang to Beijing and the Russian port city of Vladivostok. Freight transport by rail and waterways had already been increasing months before the resumption of passenger travel.

Kim himself is expected to make a rare trip to Russia to meet Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin later this month, his first known international trip since the pandemic closure, U.S. officials said Monday . Washington has accused Moscow of illegally seeking North Korean munitions for use in Ukraine.

Kim’s pandemic dictatorship

The Kim regime exploited the coronavirus as an excuse to impose even more control on people’s economic and social rights, experts and human rights advocates say. North Korea’s civilian economy, led by underground entrepreneurs, took a hit from the border closures barring black-market trade with China. Kim imposed restrictions on ordinary citizens’ movements, assembly and access to outside information, citing risks of exposure to covid.

The prolonged isolation also deepened the country’s chronic food insecurity, making people grow more dependent on Kim’s authoritarian leadership for their livelihoods.

“The past 3½ years of self-isolation provided an ideal environment for the North Korean leadership to exert greater central control over all realms, from one’s way of life to the economy,” said Rachel Minyoung Lee, a senior analyst at the Open Nuclear Network in Austria.

Aid workers, trade delegations and diplomats have been unable to enter the country, shuttering firsthand insights that could help inform those on the outside.

“Reopening borders will mean a greater likelihood of inflows and outflows of information, which will pose challenges to North Korea’s ongoing policy of greater centralization,” Lee said.

What’s happening inside North Korea? Since the pandemic, the window has slammed shut.

Why reopen the borders now?

During the lockdown, North Korea tried to make do with its ideology of self-reliance, such as boosting domestic manufacturing in limited areas, including textiles and agriculture. The regime has also ramped up its cybercrime activities to steal foreign currency in forms of cryptocurrency and other virtual assets, cyber analysts say.

But worsening economic conditions have pushed the Kim regime to seek external relief and partially reopen its borders to trade, according to experts.

“The cost of isolation that piled up over the years, however, has reached a breaking point for Kim,” said Heo Jeong-pil, a professor of North Korean studies at Dongguk University in Seoul.

North Korea’s economy shrank for three years in row from 2020, according to estimates by South Korea’s central bank. The North’s essential trade with its ally China tumbled to a decades-long low of $320 million in 2021, down 90 percent from pre-pandemic levels.

Following a limited resumption of freight traffic last year, trade with China rebounded rapidly to $1.06 billion during just the first half of 2023. Since May, train services between North Korea and China have increased to twice daily, and some customs facilities reopened in June, according to a parliamentary briefing by South Korea’s National Intelligence Service.

And trade with Russia is increasing as well, though at lower levels than with China. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the growing global isolation of Moscow has pushed the Kremlin closer to the Kim regime .

North Korea has “a capacity to promptly supply Russia with the sought-after munitions” following a full-fledged reopening of the land route between the two countries, said Cho Han-bum, an analyst at Seoul’s Korea Institute for National Unification.

Overseas North Koreans return

Pyongyang is set to repatriate thousands of North Korean nationals stranded in China and Russia during the pandemic lockdown. Air Koryo last month resumed trips to Beijing and Vladivostok to bring back North Korean citizens.

North Korea’s health authorities said last week that Pyongyang has approved the return of its citizens abroad, citing an adjustment in the degree of its anti-epidemic stance amid “the eased worldwide pandemic situation.” Returnees will be monitored at quarantine wards for one week, according to state media.

“Many hundreds, or thousands, of North Koreans have been stuck outside of their home country for more than 3½ years now and so these first chances are for them to return,” said Simon Cockerell, the general manager of Beijing-based North Korea tour operator Koryo Tours.

Among the North Koreans facing imminent repatriation are students studying abroad, diplomats and laborers, as well as defectors detained in China. As a close ally of Pyongyang, Beijing regards North Korea defectors not as refugees but as illegal economic migrants.

Some experts believe North Korea may push to send more workers abroad to take the place of repatriated laborers. They provide an important source of foreign income for the regime, despite international sanctions banning overseas workers.

Covid-19 concerns remain

Despite the gradual reopening, the covid-19 situation inside the country remains unclear.

Kim, North Korea’s leader, made a highly disputed claim of “victory” over the coronavirus in August 2022, just three months after the country reported its first outbreak. Kim hinted at a covid-19 vaccination drive later that year, but there is still no evidence of a mass immunization campaign in North Korea.

As world reopens, North Korea is one of two countries without vaccines

“Lacking vaccines, North Korea resorted to a severe lockdown to fight the virus, and the country managed to remain shut until the pandemic began to wane globally,” said Ahn Kyung-su of the Seoul-based research center dprkhealth.org .

Covid-19 is still a risk to the country’s ill-equipped medical system, but the need for reopening has grown to outweigh the risk, according to Ahn. The borders have been reopening in phases to allow time and resources for the North’s health authorities to prepare accordingly, he said.

Will foreigners be allowed in?

Pyongyang has yet to make an announcement about when foreigners will be able to enter the country.

The Kim regime will gradually allow in accredited diplomats and aid workers, as well as tourists, said Heo, the Dongguk University professor. “While very careful at this point, North Korean authorities do need opportunities to raise foreign currency, and that is why they ultimately want tourists back.”

Last week, North Korea’s parliament passed a law for “expanding” international tourism, hinting the country is preparing to allow in more tourists. But it is unclear exactly when.

“Nobody knows when a border opening for foreign tourists will happen, but given that they do tend to move slowly and that the opening for North Koreans has only just started, it would be expected to be sometime later,” said Cockerell, the tour company manager.

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North Korea sends a delegation to Iran in effort to break its diplomatic isolation

A high-level North Korean economic delegation was on its way to Iran for what would be the two countries’ first known talks since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic

SEOUL, South Korea -- A high-level North Korean economic delegation was on its way to Iran, the North's state media said Wednesday, for what would be the two countries’ first known talks since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Embracing the idea of a “new Cold War,” North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is pushing to build up cooperation with countries confronting the United States, as his intensified weapons tests prompted the U.S. and South Korea to expand their military drills.

Pyongyang's delegation led by Yun Jung Ho, North Korea’s minster of external economic relations, flew out Tuesday for the trip to Iran, official Korean Central News Agency said Wednesday. State media did not immediately provide further details.

Pyongyang and Tehran are among the few governments in the world that support Russian President Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine , and both have been accused of providing Russia with military equipment.

The last known time North Korea sent senior officials to Iran was in August 2019, when a group led by Pak Chol Min, vice chair of Pyongyang’s rubber-stamp parliament, made a weeklong visit. The two countries had active diplomatic exchanges until North Korea sealed its borders in an effort to stave off the pandemic, before a cautious reopening in 2023.

South Korea’s Unification Ministry, which handles affairs with the North, did not immediately comment Yun’s visit to Iran.

North Korea has made efforts for months to boost the visibility of its ties with Russia and China as Kim attempts to break out of diplomatic isolation and join a united front against the U.S.

In 2023, Kim visited Russia’s Far East for a rare summit with Putin, which highlighted the countries’ expanding military cooperation, including the North’s alleged transfers of artillery shells, missiles, and other munitions to Russia.

Earlier this month, Kim hosted top Chinese official Zhao Leji, who heads the ceremonial parliament and ranks third in the ruling Communist Party hierarchy. It was the highest-level meeting between the countries in years.

On Wednesday, Kim Yo Jong, the North Korean leader’s powerful sister, slammed the latest rounds of U.S.-South Korean joint military drills and insisted that the allies will never break the North’s determination to build up “our overwhelming and most powerful military muscle.”

The statement comes a week after U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Linda Thomas-Greenfield called for the international community to be alert to the possibility of military cooperation between North Korea, Iran and Russia. Iran has been accused of providing drones to Russia for use in the war against Ukraine.

“We are concerned about … the Iranians providing weapons to the Russians and the Russians also supporting efforts to help (North Korea) expand their own research into developing weapons. And certainly, that would be the case with Iran as well,” she said.

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