travel on liquid size

Here's the 411 on the TSA's 3-1-1 liquids rule

We've all been there. Waiting in the Transportation Security Administration line only to hear agents call for a "bag check," often because a traveler had a liquid product in their carry-on that's over the allowed limit (or some sort of other prohibited item).

It's a process that can sure slow things down, particularly on the busiest travel days. As you pack for your trip and consider what to put in your carry-on or checked luggage, it's important to consider what the TSA's limits are for liquids and similar products.

Since September 2006, the TSA has gone by the 3-1-1 rule when it comes to those types of products, including items like toothpaste, shampoo, conditioner, mouthwash and lotion -- sunscreen included.

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In short, the 3-1-1 rule is: Each liquid you bring through the TSA checkpoint must be in a 3.4-ounce or smaller container ("3"), all containers must be placed inside one clear quart-size plastic bag ("1") and each passenger is only allowed one plastic bag ("1").

If you meet those requirements, you should get through security without issue. However, if your liquid items are larger than 3.4 ounces each, you'll have to leave them in your checked bag.

There are a few exceptions, though.

The TSA has kept in place a temporary pandemic exception to the rule, allowing up to 12 ounces of liquid hand sanitizer in carry-on baggage.

Part of this exception: The hand sanitizer will have to be screened separately since it's technically over the limit. You'll need to remove it from your bag before it goes through the scanner.

There are also exceptions for larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels and aerosols. You can bring those products in larger, "reasonable" quantities, the TSA's website says. However, you must declare those items to security officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

This could, obviously, take a little more time than if you're traveling without those items.

This exception doesn't include sunscreen, despite calls to relax sunscreen restrictions at TSA checkpoints. Like other liquid products, sunscreen bottles over 3.4 ounces must go in your checked luggage.

There are also many liquids you cannot bring with you .

You can bring creamy cheeses, liquid chocolate, liquid coffee, creamy dips and spreads, gravy, honey, hummus, ice cream, jam, jelly, juice, syrup, peanut butter, salad dressing, sauce, salsa, soda, soup and yogurt as long as they are in a container of less than 3.4 ounces according to the TSA .

Related: Should you get TSA PreCheck or Clear — or both?

And yes, you can bring your water bottle with you, even if it weighs more than 3.4 ounces — as long as it's empty. This can also be a great way to save money at the airport, since -- as the TSA points out -- many airports have filling stations for reusable water bottles.

When in doubt, consult the TSA's list of what you can carry through the airport and check with your airline.

Additional reporting by Clint Henderson and Sean Cudahy.

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• Travel Tips

Everything You Need to Know About TSA Liquid Rules

Get the details on flying with beauty products, medication, and other essential items.

Dealing with airport security can be a daunting aspect of air travel. There's a lot to contend with, from the long lines at checkpoints to keeping track of all the guidelines set by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA).

Travelers are frequently tripped up by the TSA liquid rules — specifically, the 3-1-1 policy regarding liquids in carry-on bags. From the detailed requirements for traveling with liquids to helpful packing tips, we explain everything you need to know before going through security.

What is TSA's 3-1-1 rule?

In 2006, British security officials thwarted a plot to bomb an aircraft with liquid explosives carried on board. Since then, security agencies around the world have limited the amount of liquid passengers can bring through airport security.

In the United States, TSA stipulates that all liquids, gels, and aerosols must be in 3.4-ounce (100-milliliter) containers or smaller. All liquids must fit into a single, clear quart-size bag, and passengers can only pack one of these bags in their carry-on.

The 3-1-1 designation is a simple way to remember these numbers: individual liquid containers must be 3.4 ounces or smaller, they must fit into one clear, quart-size bag, and there is only one bag allowed per passenger.

Permitted liquids that do not comply with the 3-1-1 rule must be packed in checked bags or thrown out at airport security. Some liquids, such as gasoline or other flammable liquids, are prohibited entirely, both in checked and carry-on bags.

Are there any exceptions to the 3-1-1 rule?

TSA does exempt some items from the 3-1-1 rule: medically necessary liquids, breast milk, infant formula, toddler drinks, and pureed baby food typically packaged in pouches. You can bring more than 3.4 ounces of these liquids on board, but you may have to undergo additional security screening.

"Inform the TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process that you're carrying them," TSA spokesperson Jessica Mayle tells Travel + Leisure . "These liquids are typically screened by X-ray, but TSA officers may also test them separately for explosives or concealed prohibited items. Officers may ask you to open the container and/or have you transfer a small quantity of the liquid to a separate empty container, or dispose of a small quantity, if feasible."

If you don't want your exempt liquids to be screened by X-ray, inform your TSA officer, and they will use alternative security measures to clear the items.

Another exception is liquids purchased after security in an airport. In domestic U.S. airports, you can bring nonalcoholic drinks and other liquid items purchased in terminal shops or eateries onto your flight. (This is not always the case if you are passing through security again in international airports for a connecting flight.) Duty-free liquids, however, will be sealed in a tamper-safe bag before boarding. Sometimes they're permitted in the cabin, and other times they may be stowed elsewhere on the plane.

You can also pass through security with liquids that have been frozen solid . By taking this extra step, you can easily tote your favorite drink past security — even if it's well over three ounces.

Rules about partially frozen items do not apply to some childcare items, such as ice or gel packs used to transport breast milk, formula, or baby food, or gel- or ice-filled baby teething toys. If these items are not completely frozen, they will be screened using the same procedures as medically necessary items. While hand sanitizer must conform to the 3-1-1 rule, wet wipes are allowed.

Packing Tips for Liquids in Carry-on Bags

• While many products are sold in 3.4-ounce sizes suitable for travel, not all of them are. Consider decanting your liquids into leakproof travel-size containers.
• "Another way to save space in your quart-sized bag is to pack solid versions of products, which you can put in your luggage or carry-on bag without needing to place it in the quart-size bag," travel advisor Ateet Ahuja of Complete Getaways tells T + L. "For example, you can bring a stick or solid version of some perfumes and shampoo bars instead of liquid shampoo." This solid Korean sunscreen stick is affordable and easy to pack.
• Buy your liquids, like body lotion or mouthwash, at your final destination. "While you'll spend a little extra, the cost far outweighs the potential of it spilling or leaking in your bag," says Ahuja.
• On that note, prepare for spills — Ahuja advises wrapping a small hand towel around your quart-size bag.
• Pack your liquids bag in an easy-to-access place, like an external compartment or the top of your carry-on bag. According to Ahuja, "This will save you time in the TSA line."
• Check the allowance for specific items using TSA's What Can I Bring? list . Here you'll find answers regarding everything from gel-style candles — not allowed — to dry ice, which requires airline approval rather than TSA approval.

If you're unsure about whether an item not listed adheres to the 3-1-1 rule, you can contact TSA before your trip. "Ask your questions via Facebook Messenger , weekdays from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET," says Mayle. "You can also call the TSA Contact Center at 866-289-9673."

Related Articles

Everything You Need to Know About the TSA’s Liquid Limit

The tsa allows liquids under 3.4 ounces in your carry-on—but what’s considered a “liquid” isn’t always obvious..

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Don’t forget to remove your liquids when going through TSA screening.

Photo by Jaromir Chalabala/Shutterstock

Whether you’re a carry-on-only kind of person or not , knowing the Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) liquid limits is essential for anyone who travels by plane in the United States. Yet understanding which of your toiletries, foods, and other items even count as “liquid”—let alone how best to pack them—can get confusing. Use this guide to understand the TSA’s rules and restrictions about liquids, common exceptions, and tips to help ensure your next airport security screening goes smoothly.

What is the TSA liquid limit?

The TSA’s liquid limit for carry-ons—known as the 3-1-1 rule—allows travelers to pack liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes under 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) in their carry-on bags. Passengers are allowed up to one quart-sized bag per person , or roughly nine 3.4-ounce containers in a single quart-sized bag. Anything more will have to go in a checked bag or risk being tossed out.

If your liquids are stored in containers larger than 3.4 ounces, even if there’s only 3.4 ounces left inside the bottle, you can’t bring them through security.

Completely empty bottles, such as your reusable water bottle , are allowed through the TSA checkpoint since (spoiler alert!) they don’t contain any liquids at that moment.

Which toiletries TSA allows in your carry-on

The TSA allows all of the following common toiletries in your carry-on only in containers that are 3.4 ounces or less:

• Shampoos and conditioners
• Lotions and sunscreen
• Gel hair products

In other words: yes, you can bring toothpaste, deodorant, and sunscreen through TSA checkpoints but only if they are in travel-sized containers.

Powders and powder-like substances, including baby powder and some makeup items, aren’t restricted in your carry-on bag. But if you’re carrying more than 12 ounces (350 milliliters) of a powder, you’ll need to place it in a separate bin for X-ray screening, and it may be subject to additional screening—so it’s a good idea to budget an extra few minutes at the security checkpoint if you think this might happen.

Tips for packing your toiletries in your carry-on

To comply with TSA regulations, invest in small, reusable toiletry bottles, like these capsules by Cadence.

Courtesy of Cadence

Especially if you don’t have TSA PreCheck , it’s helpful to pack all of your toiletries in a quart-sized (or smaller) clear plastic toiletry bag for screening. Although improved airport technology means that far fewer air passengers (both in PreCheck and non-PreCheck lines) will have to take their liquids out out of their carry-on, it’s still helpful to have all of your liquids in one bag just in case you get pulled aside for additional screening. For an upgrade from that large Ziplock, we recommend the standard-sized Clarity Jetset Case from Truffle ($88), which has a clear window panel and is comparable in size to a quart-sized bag.

Since toothpaste is considered a liquid, paste, or gel by the TSA, most of us toss those tiny one-ounce tubes in our carry-on bags. However, if you want to ditch the hard-to-recycle packaging, consider toothpaste tablets, an ecofriendly alternative that’s not subject to the 3-1-1 rule. We like Humankind’s fluoride toothpaste tablets ($12), which resemble small mints and turn to paste when you crush them between your teeth. Matador has also recently released a reusable toothpaste tube ($10), which you can fill (and refill) with your regular toothpaste.

For travel toiletries that are easy to rebottle (like shampoo or body wash), consider investing in reusable bottles or containers so you can always keep your preferred brand on hand. Some of our favorite TSA-approved toiletry bottles include:

Buy Now: GoToob three-pack of 3.4-ounce bottles, $30, rei.com

These easy-to-fill, leakproof silicone tubes are ideal for shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and body washes. GoToob’s line comes in a variety of sizes, ranging from 1.7 to 6 ounces, and are easy to clean between refills.

Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $13 for one or $35 for three, matadorup.com

Each three-ounce, TSA-approved bottle is made from a durable, waterproof, nylon-based fabric. Like GoToob, they’re leakproof and easy to fill, but thanks to their flexible, fabric-like design, they will shrink to their contents, taking up less space in your pack. >> Read the full review of the Matador FlatPack

Buy Now: $14 for one or $74 for six, keepyourcadence.com

The refillable travel containers by Cadence are small, leakproof “capsules” that click together with magnets. At 0.56 ounces, they’re best for makeup and toiletries you don’t need much of—like a weekend’s worth of shampoo or a week of that under eye cream you only need a dab of.

Foods are subject to liquid limits

The TSA’s 3-1-1 rule applies to food too, meaning you’ll need to make sure any foods that count as liquids, gels, or pastes (like yogurt, peanut butter, pâté, jams, or that tasty pimento cheese spread you tried to bring home from Charleston) are less than 3.4 ounces or packed in your checked bag. There are some exceptions, like frozen foods and juice for babies, and the TSA’s website is the best resource to check for specific items.

Exceptions to TSA’s liquids rule: Full-sized liquids that you can bring through security

The TSA has several important exemptions to its liquids rule. You’re allowed to bring full-sized bottles of the following:

Hand sanitizer: Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the TSA currently allows travelers to bring up to 12 ounces of hand sanitizer in their carry-on bags. These will be screened separately.

Medication: You’re allowed to bring medically necessary liquids, aerosols, and gels through security. This also includes the ice or gel packs you may need to keep your medications cool. You are not required to store these items in a plastic, resealable bag, but you should remove them from your luggage and let the TSA officer know what you’ve packed.

Baby formula and breast milk: Like medication, you can bring freezer packs to keep these items cool, and you should remove them from your luggage and notify an agent when you go through security. More baby-related exceptions? Gel or liquid-filled teethers and canned or jarred baby food.

Of course, the final decision on whether an item is allowed through the checkpoint rests with the TSA officer.

If you’re ever unsure about a specific item, the TSA’s website has a handy, searchable list of prohibited and allowed items worth checking before you travel. You can also now text the TSA with your questions.

This article was originally published in 2022. It has been most recently updated on March 21, 2023, with additional information.

UponArriving

TSA Liquid Rules Ultimate Guide (3-1-1 Explained) [2023]

Bringing your liquids through airport security is not always as straightforward as you might think.

There are several rules that apply when bringing your liquids through airport security checkpoints and, yes, many are obvious to those of us blessed with a shred of common sense.

But in some cases there are some less obvious restrictions that could apply to your liquids.

And when you start talking about things like baby essentials, medications, and liquids like alcohol, there are many lesser-known rules and exceptions that come into play.

Violating these rules can sometimes mean slowing down the flow of the screening checkpoint (something we all should want to avoid) but in other cases it could mean violating the law and you basically becoming an airport criminal.

And nobody wants that.

So it’s a good idea to get acquainted with how these rules work and in this article, I’ll give you a detailed breakdown of the 3-1-1 rule and also talk about the many different types of exceptions and additional rules that apply to different types of liquids such as medications and alcohol.

Table of Contents

What is the TSA Liquids “3-1-1 Rule?”

The TSA Liquids 3-1-1 Rule states that you can only bring liquids in containers no larger than 3.4 liquid ounces (100 milliliters) and that all of your liquid containers must fit “comfortably” into one clear, quart-size bag.

Where does the 3-1-1 come from?

It’s just an easy way to memorize the different requirements that make up the rule and I’ll hit on those below.

3.4 fluid ounces or (100 mL)

The “three” indicates that your liquids must be contained within a container no larger than 3.4 fluid ounces or (100 ml).

(TSA uses 3.4 ounces because it’s easier to remember but really  100 ml comes out to 3.3814 fluid ounces. )

One of the biggest things that people get confused about is that the 3.4 ounce requirement applies to the size of the container and not the liquid within the container.

So let’s say that you have a 6 ounce container with only 2 ounces of fluid inside.

You may think that because you have under 3.4 fluid ounces of liquid, you are good to go but because your container is larger than 3.4 ounces, you cannot bring that through TSA.

The other big thing to know is that this refers to fluid ounces which relates to volume and is very different from ounces used for weight.

Some products like honey could weigh 4 ounces but still fit inside of a 3.4 fluid ounce container. It helps to know how to convert ounces/grams to fluid ounces .

Tip: Use the free app WalletFlo to help you travel the world for free by finding the best travel credit cards and promotions!

1 quart-sized resealable bag

The first “one” means that your liquids must fit within 1 quart-sized resealable bag. Typically, this will be a clear Ziploc bag which just makes things easy for everybody.

The key thing to note here is that the containers must fit “comfortably” inside this resealable bag.

What does “comfortably” mean?

It basically just means that the bag is not bursting at the seams. (Think about how a pair of jeans should fit when you’re being honest with yourself about your waist size.)

If you are not able to easily reseal your bag, then your contents may not be fitting comfortably inside.

In such a scenario, it’s possible that a TSA agent could ask you to throw something out in order to allow your bag to comply with the rules.

In my personal experience, I have not seen a lot of TSA agents enforce the “comfortable” requirement very strictly but if you have bottles poking out of your liquids bag, I could see that being an issue.

1 quart size bag per person

The last requirement is that you are allowed 1 quart size bag per person.

The easiest way to comply with this is to simply separate your liquids bag from your carry-on and have one liquids bag in your bin when going through security.

Otherwise, it could look like you are trying to bring through two bags of liquids.

The best packing tip I have for this is to keep your liquids bag at the top of your carry-on so that you can easily retrieve it.

There’s nothing worse than scrambling to find that liquids bag while trying to get ready to go through a screening checkpoint.

TSA Pre-Check liquids rule

TSA Pre-Check allows you to bypass the main security line and pass through a screening line that is usually much shorter and quicker. This also means avoiding the full body scanner in many cases. It basically makes you a VIP when it comes to airport security checkpoints.

If you have TSA Pre-Check , you can take advantage of several benefits including things like:

• Shoes can stay on
• Belt can stay on
• Light jackets can stay on
• Laptops allowed to stay in bag
• Liquids (3-1-1) can stay in bag

That last perk is the most relevant to the liquids rule as you will not have to remove your liquids bag and place them in one of the bins when going through security. You can simply leave them in your carry-on and pass through the metal detector without any issue.

I highly recommend that you look into getting Pre-Check in order to expedite your security screening. It will only cost $78 for five years and all you have to do is pass a background check. You can also get it if you are approved for Global Entry ( read how to get approved here ).

New hand sanitizer liquids rule

Due to the ongoing threat of coronavirus and the potential threat of spreading germs throughout airports and aircraft, TSA recently implemented a change with respect to hand sanitizer.

Passengers will now be allowed to bring one hand sanitizer bottle up to 12 ounces. These larger bottles will be screened separately so just be aware that it could add some extra time.

What exactly is a “liquid?”

In some cases, what constitutes a liquid will be very clear.

For example, it’s pretty much common sense that water inside of a water bottle is a liquid. The same applies for cologne, mouthwash, etc.

But liquids also can include less-obvious forms like aerosols, gels, creams, or pastes.

This means that several common items you would be bringing along for your trip could be considered a liquid like: toothpaste , lotion , sunscreen, shaving cream, shampoo , conditioner, and others.

You can find travel-sized products for most of these so it’s usually pretty easy to bring along items that comply with the TSA liquids rule.

Other items

You need to be mindful of other items that could be considered liquids like deodorant . For example, the following types of deodorants will be subject to the 3-1-1 rule:

• and Roll-On deodorants

Prohibited items

Just because you have something like an aerosol and it is in a container no larger than 3.4 ounces, that does not mean that you can bring it as a carry-on.

There are quite a few prohibited items like aerosol insecticide, bear spray, etc. that are not allowed as carry-ons. In fact, some of those items may not even be allowed on the plane at all. This is a good place to search if you are in doubt about whether or not you can bring a particular item.

Be aware that some items like hairspray may even have size restrictions when packed in your checked baggage.

Foods can also be liquids

One aspect of the TSA liquids rule that throws a lot of people off is that they forget many foods also qualify as liquids.

Here is a non-exhaustive list of food items that will fall under the liquids rule:

• Liquid chocolate
• Creamy dips and spreads
• Mashed fruits such as applesauce
• Jam and jelly
• Maple syrup
• Oils and vinegars
• Peanut butter
• Wet pet food
• Salad dressing
• Salsa and sauces

Basically anything that is usually poured, scooped, squeezed, slurped, or mashed will be considered a liquid for TSA purposes.

If your food is solid on the other hand , chances are you can bring it through.

TSA rules for liquid medications

The liquids rule provides exceptions for medical supplies and medications .

TSA allows larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels, and aerosols in “reasonable quantities” than your 3-1-1 allowance.

You do not have to have a prescription for these items but keep in mind that you need to comply with state laws regarding prescriptions and controlled substances.

This leaves two questions often to be asked and answered.

The first is what is considered “medically necessary?”

For example, is contact lens solution medically necessary?

It seems the answer to that is probably yes given the TSA states, they allow “larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels, and aerosols in reasonable quantities for your trip” on the page regarding contact lenses.

So if in doubt check the website and then inquire with AskTSA if you still don’t know.

The second question is what is considered a “reasonable quantity?”

What is deemed as a reasonable quantity is a subjective determination.

According to the TSA, you should bring what’s necessary for the duration of your trip (e.g., seven days) plus a day or two just in case things get delayed or canceled.

If you stick to what you think will be necessary for the duration of your trip, I don’t think you will often run into trouble. But if you’re bringing a six month supply of medication on a four day getaway, that’s when you might start to run into trouble if questioned.

TSA states that you must declare them to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

You also want to remove these from your carry-on so that they can be screened separately from your belongings. (You do not have to put your liquid medication in a plastic Ziploc bag.)

Just be aware that if one of your liquid items declared as medically necessary sets off the alarm, it may require additional screening and may not be allowed.

Baby essentials

You are allowed to bring formula, breastmilk, and juice for infants or toddlers in “reasonable quantities” through airport security. According to the TSA, reasonable quantities for baby essentials typically means the duration of the flight.

When bringing these items through security, be sure to separate these from your carry-on bag so that they can be screened separately from the rest of your items.

If you are carrying liquids in excess of 3.4 ounces, you are advised to inform the TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process that you have excess liquids. You can do this when you are unloading your items into the bin.

In many cases, excess liquids will be screened by x-ray.

It’s also possible that an officer may ask you to open up the container and potentially even transfer a small quantity of the liquid for testing.

If you are worried about the effects of an x-ray machine on your liquids, The Food and Drug Administration states that there are no known adverse effects from eating food, drinking beverages and using medicine screened by X-ray.

If that is not good enough assurance for you, you can ask to avoid the x-ray machine.

Additional steps may be able to be taken to clear the liquid but the traveler will likely have to undergo additional screening procedures which could include a pat down and a thorough screening of all of your carry-on property.

You will also be allowed to bring along ice packs, freezer packs, frozen gel packs and other accessories required to cool formula, breast milk and juice.

If these are in a partially frozen state or perhaps appear like a slushy they will be subject to the same screening as described above.

Other permitted baby items include gel or liquid-filled teethers, canned, jarred and processed baby food.

Just always be aware that these items may have to undergo additional screening.

TSA liquid rules for alcohol

Bringing alcohol through TSA presents a number of different challenges.

First, your alcohol in most cases will have to comply with the liquids 3-1-1 rule. This means that you won’t be able to bring in regular bottles of liquor or beer.

It is possible to find small bottles that are under 3.4 ounces (mini-liquor bottles are often around 1.7 ounces, so this means that they are small enough to be brought on the plane as a liquid).

But contrary to what many people think, it’s also permitted to bring your own alcohol in one of your own containers.

The catch is that there are specific restrictions about what type of alcohol is allowed on board and that can be allowed as a carry-on. You really need to make sure that you are abiding by these rules because you could be violating federal law otherwise.

The first regulation to know is that alcohol beverages with an alcoholic percentage above 70% (140 proof) is never allowed on the plane . In fact, alcohol with such a high alcohol percentage is considered a hazardous material.

If the alcohol content is above 24% but not above 70% then the alcoholic beverage must be in its retail packaging. A lot of popular alcoholic beverages for within this range. Here are some  ranges  for the alcoholic content of some common beverages:

Alcohol Percentage Content

• Vodka | ABV: 40-95%
• Gin | ABV: 36-50%
• Rum | ABV: 36-50%
• Whiskey | ABV: 36-50%
• Tequila | ABV: 50-51%
• Liqueurs | ABV: 15%
• Fortified Wine | ABV: 16-24%
• Unfortified Wine | ABV: 14-16%
• Beer | ABV: 4-8%
• Malt Beverage | ABV: 15%

And finally, one of the most important things to remember is that you are not allowed to serve yourself your own alcohol when flying.

Instead, you must request a flight attendant to serve you the alcohol or else you will be violating FAA regulations. Some flight attendants will happily serve you your own beverage but others will not be so inclined.

If you purchased alcohol at duty free store, different rules apply in that scenario. Basically, you can bring your duty free alcohol through TSA security but you have to comply with three separate requirements:

• The duty free liquids were purchased internationally and you are traveling to the United States with a connecting flight.
• The liquids are packed in a transparent, secure, tamper-evident bag by the retailer and do not show signs of tampering when presented to TSA for screening.
• The original receipt for the liquids is present and the purchase was made within 48 hours.

Read more about this rule  here .

Checked baggage liquid rules

Many times, you can simply place your liquids in your checked baggage and not have to worry about that pesky 3-1-1 rule.

This is usually the way to go on longer trips when you might be bringing large quantities of things like shampoo or shaving cream.

But as mentioned above, you still need to make sure that the type of liquid is allowed on a plane. Certain materials may be considered hazardous and you could be violating the law by bringing those on board.

If you are loading up your checked baggage with a bunch of liquids, make sure that you double bag if there is potential for the liquids to spill!

TSA Liquid Rules FAQ

The TSA 3-1-1 rule does not apply to checked baggage. However, there are some restrictions on what liquids can be transported in your checked baggage. There may also be limitations on the quantity of liquids when it comes to importing large quantities of things like alcohol. At some point, you might have to obtain a license for certain goods.

TSA definitely enforces the liquids rule and I would recommend not trying to circumvent the rule. It’s possible that an agent may be more lenient than another in certain circumstances but I would always assume that an agent will be enforcing strictly so that I don’t run into any unexpected issues.

TSA has the rules in order to detect potential explosives and other harmful materials that exist in liquid state.

The same liquid rules apply for both domestic flights and international flights. One difference that you might encounter is when you purchase duty free goods before an international flight. See the duty-free section above for more details. Also, when flying internationally it is recommended that you get to the airport extra early. It is possible that you could get hit with SSSS and be forced to undergo a heightened security screening, so always plan out extra time.

While you might view your makeup as special, there are no special rules for your makeup when it comes to TSA. They must abide by the same 3-1-1 rule explained above. Read more about makeup rules here.

No, you do not have to take out your liquids if you have TSA Pre-Check.

The same TSA liquids rule will apply to all airlines. So if you’re flying American or Delta, the rules will be the same as if you were flying Southwest or United. With that said, some airlines do have some differences in how they handle acceptable baggage so you should make sure to read up on the latest baggage policies for the airlines.

If you are traveling from an “international last-point-of-departure” to the U.S ., powder-based substances in carry-on baggage greater than 350mL or 12 oz. may require additional screening. If your substance is over 12 ounces and cannot be cleared it will not be allowed onto the aircraft cabin. TSA recommends that you transport powders in your checked baggage.

TSA has several rules you need to follow when it comes to drinking liquids through airport security. The most well-known is the 3-1-1 rule but there are other considerations you need to think about like foods that might trigger the rule and exceptions for medical and baby essentials. In the end, try to be as reasonable as possible with what you are bringing through and you will run into few problems.

Daniel Gillaspia is the Founder of UponArriving.com and the credit card app, WalletFlo . He is a former attorney turned travel expert covering destinations along with TSA, airline, and hotel policies. Since 2014, his content has been featured in publications such as National Geographic, Smithsonian Magazine, and CNBC. Read my bio .

I will be traveling from Mexico April 25th. Will I be able to bring back a bottle of Tequila in my check in luggage probably wrapped safely? Thanks, Regina Green

The above is good detail but how about: electric shaver and charger electric toothbrush

Yes and yes!

Check these out:

https://www.uponarriving.com/tsa-rules-razors/ https://www.uponarriving.com/tsa-toothpaste/

I will be leaving Chicago going to Manila via Istanbul on 21 July 2022, Turkish Airways. I will be bringing 4 bottles of Scotch whiskey in original container, unopened and sealed and properly packed with bubble wrap. Is this allowed?

How do I know which states allow medication‘s to be in a travel organizer, and not in their original bottles? I am flying from Philadelphia with a layover in Ireland, and finally to Paris on Aer Lingus.

Hand sanitizer rules have reverted back to the 3-1-1 guidelines.

Thanks for this update. Do you have a source on that? Couldn’t find updated info.

Comments are closed.

Privacy Overview

Rules for Liquids in Checked Baggage: The Complete Guide

TripSavvy / Ashley DeLeon 

DIY Ways to Secure Your Packed Liquids

Go with the pros, add padding, anticipate inspections, tips for packing liquids in checked baggage.

You can carry liquids in checked baggage, but you will have to do some research and take precautions. First, you must find out which liquids are not allowed on airplanes regardless of where you pack them. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has a list of these prohibited liquids on its website . You should also look at the Federal Aviation Administration's list of hazardous materials. Never try to bring prohibited materials with you when you fly.

After you've done your research, you must determine whether you can bring the liquid items of your choosing to your destination. If you plan to carry several bottles of wine, for instance, you may not be able to bring them into certain U.S. states due to liquor import regulations. Travelers flying to or from Canada will want to read the Canadian air travel regulations, and visitors to the UK should read the United Kingdom's list of items you may carry in hand (carry-on) and hold (checked) baggage.

Your next step is to decide whether you want to pack colored liquids, such as red wine or nail polish, which could damage your clothing. Carrying any colored liquid can be risky. Decision-making factors include whether these items are available at your destination and whether your itinerary is flexible enough to allow you to purchase them locally, rather than bring those liquids with you.

Finally, you will need to carefully pack your liquid items so they will not break or leak. There are several ways to accomplish this. Read on for our complete guide on what to know before packing liquids for your next trip.

To prevent leaks, wrap the top of your bottle or container with duct tape so the cap stays on. (You may also want to pack a small pair of sharp scissors in your checked bag so you will be able to remove the tape later.) Put the container into a zipper-top plastic bag and seal the bag closed. Next, place that bag into a larger zipper-top bag and seal it closed, pressing out all the air as you do so. Wrap the whole thing in bubble wrap if the container is breakable. Finally, wrap that bundle in a towel or in clothing. (Many travelers suggest using dirty laundry for this.) Place the wrapped bottle or container in the middle of your largest suitcase, surrounded by clothing and other soft items.

A variation on this method involves using a hard-sided plastic or cardboard container to protect your liquid item. Use a small cardboard box or a sealed plastic container. Double-bag the liquid item as described above. Then, place it in the container and pad it with crushed newspapers, plastic air pillows or crumpled plastic grocery bags. Tape the box shut and pack it in the center of your suitcase.

You can buy styrofoam or bubble wrap "shippers," which are sealable padded bags. Brand names include the inflatable VinniBag or the Wine Mummy. Boxes made especially for transporting glass and liquid items are another option. Your local wine shop or pack-and-wrap store may carry shippers. Be aware that the bubble wrap bags will keep escaping liquid from staining your clothes, but may not prevent glass bottles from breaking. The box shipper will take up more room in your luggage. While it may not prevent liquid from escaping, the box shipper minimizes the risk of breakage.

Protect your liquid items by placing them in the middle of your suitcase, completely surrounded by clothing and other items. Be aware that your suitcase could be dropped or crushed, perhaps more than once, on its way to your destination. It may even be dragged on the ground behind a luggage cart. If you can choose from several suitcases, pick the one with the stiffest sides and pack it as tightly as you can to better cushion your liquid items.

If you pack liquid items in your checked bag, assume that your bag will be inspected by a baggage security screener. The screening officer will see your liquid item on the baggage scanner and will probably need to take a closer look at it. Do not pack valuables, even liquid ones, or prescription drugs in your checked baggage.

• Careful packing and padding will increase your chances of success, so make sure to transfer all liquids to leak-proof containers.
• Pare down your packing. Not everything can fit in your suitcase! Decide what toiletries you may find up for grabs in your hotel room, and edit, edit, edit.
• Two-in-one items are always a good idea.
• If you have a large-sized soap or shampoo that you really want to take on your trip, invest in travel-sized toiletry bottles . This way, you can pour some into the correctly sized bottle and still be allowed to take it with you on your trip.

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Plan, Ready, Go®

Carry-On Liquid Success: Packing Tips & Must-Have Items

Packing carry-on liquids can be challenging. This guide simplifies the process, ensuring you fit essential toiletries in a one-quart bag. Master the art of selecting and packing your carry-on toiletries, and travel lighter with confidence.

Key Takeaways: Packing Toiletries for Carry-On Luggage

• Follow the TSA 3-1-1 Liquids Rule: Travelers can bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes in their carry-on, with each item being 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less.
• Choose the Right Bag: A clear bag, no larger than one quart, is the limit for taking on the plane. A 1-quart Ziploc bag is commonly used.
• Minimize & Optimize Toiletries: Focus on packing only essentials and consider using solid alternatives or utilizing your hotel’s amenities to save space in your liquids bag.

This post includes affiliate links. If you make a purchase through one of these links, I may earn a small commission at no additional cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.  See disclaimer.

The TSA 3-1-1 Liquids Rule

According to the United States Transportation Security Administration (TSA) , “You are allowed to bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes in your carry-on bag and through the checkpoint. These are limited to travel-sized containers that are 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less per item. Placing these items in the small bag and separating from your carry-on baggage facilitates the screening process. Pack items that are in containers larger than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters in checked baggage.

Any liquid, aerosol, gel, cream or paste that alarms during screening will require additional screening.”

What kind of bag should I use to pack toiletries in my carry-on luggage? 

For packing toiletries in a carry-on, use a clear bag no larger than one quart. While many “TSA-approved” bags are available online and in stores, some may seem larger than the limit. To avoid potential issues at security, a 1-quart Ziploc bag is a safe choice.

PRO TIP: Consider getting TSA Pre-check  or Global Entry  (which comes with TSA Pre-check eligibility) so that you can go through security without pulling your liquids bag out of your carry-on luggage.

Get the perfect packing list template

Want a simple printable packing list template? Just print it out and fill it out so you don’t forget anything you want to take on your trip. Get the blank printable packing list in the Plan, Ready, Go Etsy shop.

Looking for a digital packing list you can use on your computer or mobile device? The packing list spreadsheet includes two tabs to help you track everything you need to pack plus all of the things you want to buy before your trip. The packing list is pre-filled for a one-week trip and is fully editable so you can start from scratch or use the existing list as your starting point.

Get the packing list template spreadsheet in the Plan, Ready, Go Etsy shop.

Tips for packing liquids in carry-on luggage 

Packing all liquid toiletries in a quart bag can be tricky, but with the right strategies, it’s feasible. Here are tips to optimize liquid packing in your carry-on bag .

Cut your skin care regimen down to just the essentials 

Cleanser, toner/liquid exfoliator, facial moisturizer. When packing carry-on liquids, that’s all you need throughout your trip unless you’re traveling for longer than a week. If you have room in your liquids bag after you’ve put in everything else that you need to take, then that’s the time to add in things like spot treatments on overnight masks. 

To trim your skin care liquids even further, use facial cleansing cloths instead of packing liquid, gel or cream cleanser, or face wash. I never travel without these dry cloths that I buy on Amazon and activate with water . That way I can travel with the exact amount I need. They never dry out like the moist towelette ones. 

Tip: use a digital and editable packing list to stay organized and make quick adjustments to your list as you pack for your trip.

Cut your hair care regimen down to the bare essentials 

Only take what you absolutely need to care for your hair on your trip. For you, that might be just shampoo and hairspray.  

If you’re staying in a hotel, you can minimize the toiletries you pack in your carry-on by using the products the hotel provides. Or try a shampoo bar like this one and leave shampoo out of your liquid toiletries bag altogether. 

Use your trip to use up the last of your toiletries 

I love to set aside my last bit of eyeliner or a sample of a skin care product for a specific trip coming up. Then I take those with me on my trip and just throw them out before I come home. 

When you travel carry-on only, every bit of space you make for yourself (especially on a return trip when you might have souvenirs to bring back) can help. 

Replace as many liquid toiletries as you can with solids (or powders that travel well) 

There are a lot of liquid toiletries that you can replace with solid-form versions like solid deodorants, solid shampoos, etc. They don’t need to be packed in your 1-quart liquids bag, which will free up space for you. 

• This is my favorite solid sunscreen stick.  
• You can try this popular solid shampoo bar . 
• You can also get solid conditioner bars like this one . 
• You can even buy solid body lotion to help keep you moisturized while you travel. 
• If it works for you, instead of liquid foundation and concealer, use mineral makeup like this one .  

You’ll save so much space in your carry-on liquids bag.

Share toiletry space with your travel partner  

If you have a travel partner who uses very little in the way of liquid toiletries use him or her as your mule to get a few extra things on the plane. My husband’s liquids bag holds shampoo, toothpaste, and antibacterial ointment. That’s it. So, he usually also takes my shampoo and we share the toothpaste. Now that’s love!  

Buy toiletries at your destination

If you’re going to be traveling long-term you might opt to wait until you reach your destination to purchase some toiletries or over-the-counter liquid medications. 

For example, if you’re planning to spend several weeks in one place (or road-tripping at your destination) you could wait until you arrive to purchase things like shampoo, toothpaste, or sunscreen that you know you will use daily (or multiple times per day).

Toiletries and travel size liquids packing list ideas for carry-on travel

Use this list as a starting place for packing toiletries when traveling carry-on only. You can easily customize it for your own needs and how you like to travel. I like to minimize my toiletries as much as possible and go low maintenance for hair and makeup on my travels.

  Keep track of everything you’re packing with these blank printable packing lists .

You can purchase travel sizes of your favorite products or get some reusable travel-sized containers of various sizes so that you can just take with you a bit of your full-size products from home.

• This “Amazon’s Choice” set comes with many different kinds of containers in different sizes.
• These bottles are also really popular on Amazon.

Skincare products 

• Cleanse with these dry cloths you activate with water. They’re perfect for traveling light. 
• I swear by this day moisturizer with SPF 30. 
• And I never travel without my travel-size bottle of this liquid exfoliant . 

Hair care products 

• Try this solid shampoo bar , so you don’t have to pack it in your liquids bag. 
• This solid conditioner on Amazon gets great reviews. 
• I also usually take a small hairspray with me. I pick up travel-size versions of my favorites at the drug store.

Makeup 

Face makeup .

• I like to travel with a long-lasting concealer or foundation/concealer combo. This concealer is my favorite .
• I also like this “foundcealer.”   
• To cut down on the quantity of liquids you pack in your carry-on, you might want to try a powder mineral foundation like this one . 

Eye makeup 

• I prefer to keep it simple here. I like to pack a good affordable eyebrow pencil with a clear eyebrow gel like this one . 
• Then perhaps try an eyeliner like this one . 
• A good tubing mascara like this one will help prevent smudges. 
• If taking an eyeshadow, consider using a retractable eyeshadow stick. It’s less likely to break up during travel like a traditional powder eyeshadow. 
• Keep it simple with a flattering lip gloss like this . 
• Or perhaps even just use lip balm. I never travel without it, especially on those long, dry flights. 

Miscellaneous toiletries and liquids 

• Travel is the perfect excuse to use up those little toothpaste and floss samples you get from your regular dental checkups. 
• And we never travel without this little item to help remove stains, since at least one of us (me) is a pretty messy eater. 

Packing carry-on liquids FAQs

The TSA 3-1-1 liquids rule can be confusing when it comes to which specific items apply and which don’t. It’s important to remember and follow the TSA liquid rules for everyone’s safety and so you can get through the checkpoint without delay.

What is the 3-1-1 rule for flying with liquids?

The 3-1-1 rule refers to the TSA’s regulation that allows passengers to bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes in their carry-on bag and through the security checkpoint. Each container within the bag must be 3.4 oz. (100 milliliters) or less.

Can I use any bag for my carry-on liquids?

While there are many “TSA-approved” clear toiletry bag options available, it’s recommended to use a clear bag no larger than one quart to avoid any discrepancies at security checkpoints. A 1-quart Ziploc bag is a commonly used and reliable option.

Are there any exceptions to the 3-1-1 rule for carry-on liquids?

Yes, there are exceptions to the 3-1-1 rule for carry-on liquids. These exemptions include medications and nourishment for babies and toddlers such as breast milk and formula.

Can I bring toiletries in my carry-on? 

Yes, you can bring toiletries in your carry-on. But you’ll need to take a little care with how you pack liquid toiletries for your flight. Follow the TSA 3-1-1 liquids rule for any liquids, gels, or pastes that you pack. Then you’ll sail through security with no problem.

Can I bring mascara in my carry-on? 

Yes, you can bring mascara in your carry-on. However, it’s important to note that mascara is considered a liquid, gel, or paste by most airlines. So, it must adhere to the liquid restrictions set by the airline or the security authority of the country you’re flying from. For the U.S., that means mascara must be in your 3-1-1 liquids bag and not just in a general makeup bag. It’s always a good idea to check with your airline or the security regulations of the country you’re departing from to ensure compliance.

Does toothpaste count as a liquid?

Yes, toothpaste is typically considered a liquid or gel by airline and security regulations. This means that if you’re bringing toothpaste in your carry-on bag, it must adhere to the liquid restrictions in place.

Final thoughts on packing toiletries in your carry-on 

Figuring out how to pack toiletries when traveling carry-on only can be a challenge…and it can also be highly personal. What works for one person may not work for you. 

You also might find that you enjoy the challenge of packing for longer and longer trips with a minimal number of toiletries. And certainly, with all the solid toiletries options available, you should be able to get any liquids you need into that 1-quart Ziploc bag. 

Do you have any tips or tricks for packing your toiletries when traveling carry-on only?

Related articles about traveling carry-on only 

• What to Take on a Flight (in Your Carry-on)
• How to pack a suitcase to maximize space
• Travel Essentials for Women
• The Best Tips for Packing Light and Traveling Carry-on Only  
• How to Pack Light for a One-week Trip  

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Darcy Vierow is a busy professional and travel planning expert with years of experience maximizing travel with limited time and on a less-than-average salary. Her tips have been published by Forbes, MSN.com, Yahoo! News, Yahoo! Finance, Aol, Newsbreak and GOBankingRates. Read more about Darcy Vierow .

Hello Darcy, loved reading your helpful articles. In one article you mentioned a Columbia rain jacket which I cannot find and I want to order it this week for an upcoming trip. Would you please tell me which Columbia rain jacket it is?

Hi, Valerie. I recommend the Columbia Arcadia II. I bought mine directly from the Columbia website. https://www.columbia.com/p/womens-arcadia-ii-rain-jacket-1534111.html .

Have a great trip!

I use contact lens cases for some of my lotions and moisturizers. I had an abundance of them leftover from the days when I wore contacts, so I began using them for travel. They are small, but can easily hold a week’s worth of moisturizer. Use different colored cases for different products, or label each one if you are afraid you won’t remember what is in each case.

That’s a great idea. Thanks so much for sharing!

Thank you for these great tips! Traveling to India and trying to wrap my brain around what to do for 20 hours and how to pack our carry ons just in case our luggage gets lost!

You’re so welcome! Have a wonderful trip.

Thank you Darcy. Traveling internationally for the first time. Of the sites I’ve read, yours was the most helpful regarding liquid carryons. Thanks again Joyce

Thanks so much for your kind words! I wrote this post because back when I went on my first international trip I also had trouble finding the information I needed to help me pack my liquids for carry-on only travel.

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TSA Liquids Rule Explained: What Size Liquid Can You Bring on a Plane?

What you can and can’t bring on a plane, including the amount allowed, can be very confusing for even the most experienced of flyers, especially when it comes to liquids.

According to TSA regulations, you are allowed to bring liquids in containers that don’t exceed 3.4oz/100ml in your carry on.

There are also limits when liquids are packed in your checked bags, which many people are not aware of, though the limits are much greater.

Table of Contents

• 1.1 Carry on Bags
• 1.2 Checked Bags
• 2 No Differences For International Flights
• 3 Airlines Follow TSA Regulations
• 4 How to Pack Liquids for Flying
• 5 You Will Be Able to Bring 7-8 Bottles in Your Carry On
• 6.1 Carry On Bags
• 6.2 Checked Bags
• 7 A Loophole to Bring More Than 3.4 Oz/100ml On a Plane
• 8 Exceptions to the 3-1-1 Rule
• 9 Liquids That Are Forbidden
• 10 Surprising Items That Qualify As Liquids
• 11 What the 3-1-1 Rule Stands For
• 12 Why the 3-1-1 Rule Exists

What Size Liquid Can You Take on a Plane?

Carry on bags.

The TSA has a rule in place called the 3-1-1 Rule .

The 3-1-1 Rule states that “each passenger may carry liquids, gels and aerosols in travel-size containers that are 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters .”

These containers must also fit in a 1-quart sized, resealable bag.

You are required to take this bag out of your carry on and place it in a screening bin as you go through airport security.

Note that it is the size of the container itself and not how much liquid is in the container that matters.

So, if you have a bottle that contains just 1ml of liquid inside a 4oz container, it still won’t be allowed through.

Checked Bags

Not many passengers are aware that there are restrictions on the quantity of liquids you can pack in their checked bags.

According to the TSA:

• A container must not exceed 0.5 kg (18 ounces) or 500 ml (17 fluid ounces).
• The total aggregate quantity of your toiletry products must also not exceed 2 kg (70 ounces) or 2 L (68 fluid ounces).

No Differences For International Flights

Even though it may not be called the 3-1-1 rule worldwide, the rules remain the same if you’re flying internationally.

So regardless if you’re flying from or within Mexico, Canada, the UK, Europe or any other country, you are only allowed to pack liquids (as well as gels and aerosols) in containers that are no larger than 3.4oz/100ml in your carry on.

Airlines Follow TSA Regulations

All airlines follow TSA regulations .

So this means that regardless if you’re flying with Delta, Southwest, American Airlines, JetBlue, or any other regional or major air carrier worldwide, you are only allowed to bring liquids in containers that do not exceed 3.4oz/100ml in your carry on.

How to Pack Liquids for Flying

There are a few guidelines you should follow to make your next flight go as smoothly as possible.

• Make sure that no container you want to bring is no larger than 3.4oz/100ml.
• Buy travel-friendly products of your favorite products.
• If the company doesn’t sell travel-friendly sizes, buy your own 3.4oz/100ml containers and transfer the liquids into them.
• Consider packing non-liquid alternatives instead (you can bring a bar of soap on a plane on a plane , for example, with no restrictions. The same applies to sunscreen sticks ).
• Share toiletry space with your travel partner, as the 3-1-1 Rule applies to each passenger.
• Store your items in a clear bag that is no larger than 1 quart.
• Use your checked luggage for liquids in larger containers.

You Will Be Able to Bring 7-8 Bottles in Your Carry On

In total, you can take 32 ounces (or 1 quart) of liquids on a plane.

But as the containers themselves will take up space in the single quart-sized bag, you won’t be able to take a full 32 ounces of liquids in your carry on.

You will be able to bring about 25 ounces in total, in 7 or 8 travel-sized 3.4oz/100ml containers onto a plane in your carry on.

How Many Ounces in Total Can You Take On a Plane?

Carry on bags.

As just mentioned, you can bring 32 ounces (or 1 quart of liquids on a plane), though it will more likely be 25 ounces in 7-8 bottles.

If liquids are packed in your checked bags, each container must not exceed 18 ounces or 17 fluid ounces).

The total aggregate quantity of your toiletry products must also not exceed 70 ounces or 68 fluid ounces.

A Loophole to Bring More Than 3.4 Oz/100ml On a Plane

There is a loophole that lets you bring more than 3.4oz/100ml of liquids on a plane, though it only works with very few items and under certain circumstances.

If you are traveling with a young child or baby, you can say that the item is for them.

Of course, this will only work for bringing a water bottle on a plane and not items like alcohol, coffee or tea . 

Exceptions to the 3-1-1 Rule

There are several exceptions to the 3-1-1 Rule.

The following items, if packed in your carry on bags, are allowed to exceed 3.4 oz/100ml:

• Breast milk and formula
• Liquid medication
• Hand sanitizer
• Jumbo disinfecting wipes
• STEB items (secure, tamper-evident bags purchased at the airport)
• Cough syrup
• Gel-filled bras
• Saline solution
• Ice packs (must be frozen solid)

Liquids That Are Forbidden

There are several liquids that, even if under 3.4 oz/100ml, you are not allowed to bring on a plane in either your carry on or checked bags.

These items include:

• Most flammable liquids ( you can bring nail polish on a plane , though)
• Most toxic liquids
• Aerosols that do not qualify as toiletries
• Alcoholic Beverages over 70% ABV (140 proof)
• Insecticide
• Spray Paint
• Spray Starch
• Cooking Spray

Surprising Items That Qualify As Liquids

There are also items that you wouldn’t expect to count as liquids, but actually do.

• Peanut butter
• Hair mousse
• Snow globes

What the 3-1-1 Rule Stands For

The 3-1-1 Rule stands for 3 ounces, 1 passenger, 1 quart-sized bag.

While the limit is actually 3.4 ounces instead of 3 ounces, we guess that 3.4-1-1 Rule didn’t have the same ring to it.

Why the 3-1-1 Rule Exists

The 3-1-1 Rule exists because terrorists have previously tried to sneak liquid explosives on a plane on more than one occasion.

While the rule is frustrating, it exists for the safety of passengers.

Ella Dunham

Ella Dunham, a Freelance Travel Journalist and Marketing Manager, boasts an impressive career spanning eight years in the travel and tourism sectors.

Honored as one of "30 Under 30" by TTG Media (the world’s very first weekly travel trade newspaper), a "Tour Operator Travel Guru" and "Legend Award" winner, Ella is also a Fellow of the Institute of Travel, a Member of the Association of Women Travel Executives, has completed over 250 travel modules, and hosts travel-focused segments on national radio shows where she provides insights on travel regulations and destinations.

Ella has visited over 40 countries (with 10 more planned this year).

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Calling All Travelers: These Are the Official TSA Liquid Rules

You don't want security to throw away your new, full-size bottle of shampoo do you?

Every item on this page was chosen by a Town & Country editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.

We've all fallen victim to TSA while traveling; here's a refresher so you don't make the same mistakes again.

TSA Liquid Rules:

According to the TSA website , these rules apply for liquids, aerosols, gels, creams, and pastes.

All liquids must be in a 3.4oz or smaller container. Your serums, creams, cleansers, and masks are too expensive to lose, so check their sizes and if they're too big, leave them at home or transfer them to a smaller container.

They have to be able to fit in a quart-size bag. Before you throw 10 containers of liquids into your carry-on, make sure that everything can fit in a quart-size bag. Think about what you really need for your trip, a la Marie Kondo , and remember you can always buy things once you arrive at your destination.

Powders must be in 12oz containers or smaller. TSA placed new restrictions on powders in 2018. Ensure that your makeup, protein powder, and baby powder are in containers within that range, or put them into a checked bag.

Travel-Size Beauty Essentials

Drunk Elephant The Littles™ Set

Sunday Riley Power Couple Kit

Drybar The Four Pack

Ole Henrikson Truth Serum®

SK-II Facial Treatment Essence Mini

LA MER The Moisturizing Soft Cream

Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Toner

LE LABO Santal 33 & AnOther 13 Set

Kiehl's Since 1851 Super Age-Correcting Collection

Shiseido Urban Environment Oil-Free Sunscreen

R+Co Television Perfect Hair Shampoo

COOLA Suncare Sport Sunscreen Spray SPF 30

Anything else has to go into a checked bag. If you can't part with your full-size products, they have to go into a checked bag to avoid getting tossed into the TSA product graveyard. If you're looking to save money, share one checked bag with your whole group.

Only empty water bottles will pass the TSA checkpoint. If you bring a refillable water bottle, make sure it's empty before you approach security. You can fill it up after you go through the checkpoint or buy water in the terminal.

There are exemptions. If you use a medication that comes in liquid, aerosol, gel, cream, or paste form and the container is larger than 3.4oz, it's exempt from the above rules. Similarly, if you're carrying baby formula, breast milk, or other liquid foods for your child, these are also exempt.

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Airline and TSA Carry-On Restrictions

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Table of Contents

Airline-specific carry-on luggage rules

Tsa liquid limits, how many ounces are allowed on a plane, additional tsa carry-on rules, final thoughts on tsa rules for carry-ons.

Whether you’re purposefully packing light or supplementing your checked luggage, it’s important to keep Transportation Security Administration (TSA) carry-on luggage size in mind when packing a bag and heading to the airport.

After all, not all airlines allow full-size carry-ons for free, and most have slightly different rules on carry-on bag size. Don’t get caught unaware at the gate; hefty baggage fees and inconvenience may await.

» Learn more: Want TSA Precheck for free?

Here’s what you need to know about airline and TSA carry-on size allowances.

Airline carry-on dimensions differ depending on the carrier. When purchasing your flight, you’ll be able to see your carry-on and personal item limits.

A personal item is typically a small backpack, purse, briefcase, diaper bag, camera bag or any item of a similar size that can fit underneath the seat in front of you. A carry-on bag could be anything from a large backpack to a small rolling suitcase. But it’s less shape than size that matters, so here are carry-on luggage size restrictions for each of the major domestic airlines:

Alaska Airlines

On an Alaska Airlines flight, you can bring a carry-on and a personal item for free.

Carry-on bags are limited to 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including wheels and handles. All three measurements shouldn’t add up to more than 45 inches.

For personal items, Alaska offers examples of a purse, laptop or briefcase.

Alaska doesn't list weight limits, but it says that passengers should be able to lift items that go in an overhead bin.

» Learn more: Guide to Alaska Airlines baggage and other fees

American Airlines

For an American Airlines flight, passengers get one personal item and one carry-on, no matter what type of fare is bought (elite members included).

Carry-on bags shouldn’t be larger than 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high including handles and wheels.

Dimensions of personal items should not exceed 18 inches long, 14 inches wide and 8 inches high.

There are no weight restrictions for carry-on luggage.

» Learn more: American Airlines bag fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Delta Air Lines

Delta flyers are allowed one carry-on bag and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches width and 9 inches high. The total length plus width plus height of baggage must not exceed 45 linear inches.

For personal items, Delta says size examples are purses, small backpacks and laptops.

Three places have weight limits: Singapore (7 kg, about 15.4 pounds), Beijing (10 kg, about 22 pounds) and Shanghai (10 kg, about 22 pounds).

» Learn more: Delta Air Lines baggage fees: How they work, how to avoid them

Frontier charges for both checked luggage and carry-on bags, and the price depends on the route you fly and your ticket type.

Business tickets include a carry-on bag and two checked bags with an increased 50-pound weight allowance. Premium tickets and economy tickets also include a carry-on bag, but checked bags can be purchased a la carte. Basic tickets only include a free personal item.

Prices vary depending on if you buy the bags before via the web or mobile app, at the ticket desk, or the boarding gate.

Carry-on bags must weigh less than 35 pounds and must not exceed 10 inches deep, 16 inches wide and 24 inches high. Bags must fit in the overhead bins.

Checked bags must be no longer than 62 linear inches (length + width + depth) and must weigh under 40 pounds. Bags weighing more than 40 pounds will incur additional charges per bag per direction. Bags weighing 41-50 pounds will cost you $50 more (except business tickets) and bags weighing 51-100 pounds will cost $100 more.

Personal items cannot exceed 8 inches deep, 18 inches wide and 14 inches high.

» Learn more: Frontier baggage fees: How they work

Not all JetBlue passengers are allowed the same carry-on items. Passengers who bought Basic Blue fares get one personal item (except Mosaic customers who always get a carry-on). Blue, Extra Blue, Blue Plus and Mint fares allow one carry-on and one personal item.

Including wheels and handles, length, width and height measurements may not exceed 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items can be no more than 17 inches long, 13 inches wide and 9 inches high or smaller to fit under the seat in front of you.

There are no weight limits for carry-on luggage on JetBlue.

» Learn more: Guide to JetBlue baggage, cancellation and other fees

Southwest Airlines

Southwest is known for having a generous free checked luggage allowance, but carry-on restrictions are similar to most other airlines — one personal item and one carry-on per traveler.

Carry-on measurements should not exceed 24 inches long, 16 inches wide and 10 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 18.5 inches long, 8.5 inches wide and 13.5 inches high.

Southwest doesn't list weight limits for carry-on items.

» Learn more: The guide to Southwest baggage and other fees

United Airlines

Most travelers flying with United can bring one carry-on and one personal item, but if you’re traveling on a basic economy fare, you’re allowed one personal item only (unless you’re a MileagePlus Premier Member, are traveling internationally or have a MileagePlus credit card, like the United℠ Business Card ).

Including handles and wheels, the maximum dimensions for a carry-on are 22 inches long, 14 inches wide and 9 inches high.

Personal items are limited to 17 inches long, 10 inches wide and 9 inches high.

United doesn't publish weight limits for carry-ons.

» Learn more: What you need to know about United Airlines baggage and other fees

Depending on the airline you fly with as well as how long you’re traveling for, you might wonder whether you’re better off traveling with a checked bag rather than a carry-on . This can be especially relevant if you’ve got some liquids with you that exceed the TSA carry-on liquid limits.

WANT TSA PRECHECK FOR FREE?

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Statement credit of up to $100 as reimbursement when you charge the application fee for TSA PreCheck or Global Entry to the card. Available once every 4 years.

Statement credit of up to $100 as reimbursement when you charge the application fee for TSA PreCheck, Global Entry or NEXUS to the card. Available once every 4 years.

If your credit card offers reimbursement for the application fee for programs like TSA PreCheck or Global Entry, you must pay the fee with the card. You cannot submit a claim for reimbursement if you paid with some other method. Reimbursement will usually appear as a statement credit in your account within two months.

Cards typically offer reimbursement of only one fee once every four to five years. Check the terms and conditions of your card for the specific rules that apply. Note also that these cards only reimburse the application fee for a trusted traveler program. They don't automatically enroll you in the program or guarantee that you'll be accepted by the program. You still have to apply and go through the required screening, which in the case of TSA PreCheck and Global Entry includes an in-person appointment.

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» SEE the best credit cards that pay for TSA PreCheck and Global Entry

Before you even make it to your departure gate, you have to clear a TSA checkpoint. This means you must adhere to the TSA liquid limit in order to make it through security.

Containers that are 3.4 ounces or less are allowed, but there are other rules to keep in mind as well.

Carry-on liquid limit

The TSA liquid rule — also known as the 3-1-1 rule (3 ounces, 1 bag per 1 person) — is straightforward: "You are allowed to bring a quart-sized bag of liquids, aerosols, gels, creams and pastes in your carry-on bag and through the checkpoint. These are limited to travel-sized containers that are 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less per item." Any liquids in larger containers will have to go into checked baggage (and are subject to overweight fees).

A basic clear, zip-top container qualifies as an eligible quart-size bag for passing through security.

The easiest way to manage the amount of fluids in your carry-on is to start with containers that are no larger than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters and your quart-sized bag.

The maximum carry-on liquid size and amount will depend on how much you can fit into your single quart-sized bag.

3-1-1 liquids rule exemptions

The 3-1-1 liquid rule has several exceptions if you're traveling with certain liquid medicines or baby food.

TSA allows larger amounts of certain medically necessary liquids, gels and aerosols in "reasonable quantities" for your trip. The amount allowed is not stated.

The only catch? You must declare the medication to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection, alongside any accessories associated with your medicine, such as freezer packs or syringes.

Labeling your medical items can help facilitate the screening process.

Formula and breast milk are considered medically necessary liquids, and thus exempt from the carry-on liquid limit. Water and juice for babies is also allowed in quantities greater than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters.

These child and infant nourishment items are allowed in carry-on baggage and do not need to fit within a quart-sized bag. You may also bring teethers that are gel- or liquid-filled and canned/jarred/processed baby food in your carry-on baggage.

» Learn more: 7 ways to avoid paying bag fees

Duty-free liquids

The final exemption to TSA liquid limits apply to duty-free liquids purchased during inbound international flights. It's important that these bags are secure and temper evident and stored in a transparent bag.

Be sure to keep the item's original receipt handy in case a TSA officer asks to see it.

» Learn more: Can you bring food through TSA?

The only flammables allowed in a carry-on are cigars, cigarettes, disposable and Zippo lighters, and dry batteries (like AAs or AAAs).

Camping and sports equipment

You can carry-on an air mattress with a built-in pump (by following special instructions), antlers, basketballs, footballs, baseballs, soccer balls, bike chains and bike pumps. Bicycle allowances vary by airline, but baseball bats, bear spray and bear bangers are never allowed — nor is aerosol insecticide.

Other items

There are some banned items, including knives, firearms and box cutters. A full list of which can be found on TSA’s website .

Still not sure if something you plan to carry-on is restricted? Send a photo to AskTSA on Twitter or Facebook Messenger to find out.

» Learn more: What foods you can bring on a plane

No matter which airline you fly with, first make sure you know what size carry-on you’re allowed to bring onboard and are familiar with (and prepared for) TSA’s carry-on restrictions, too. Then, you can expect a smoother and less stressful airport and airliner experience.

How to maximize your rewards

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Delta Carry-On Size, Liquid Policy & Other Important Restrictions

Delta carry-on size (dimensions), weight restrictions for carry-on bags, weight restrictions for checked luggage, my recommended carry-on, rules for “special items”, delta personal item size, delta connection flights, the tsa 3-1-1 rule, delta food policy, delta airlines carry-on policy: pet fees, tsa-approved pet carrier for delta airlines, prohibited items:, restricted items:, frequently asked questions about delta’s carry-on policy.

If you have an upcoming flight with Delta and are planning to travel with just carry-on luggage , you’ll need to be up to speed with Delta’s carry-on policies.  Each airline’s rules are slightly different, so don’t just assume that what works for one will work for all airlines.

In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about Delta’s carry-on policy. This includes Delta’s carry-on size and weight limits, liquid policy, personal items, pets, and prohibited items.

Delta Airlines Carry-On Rules

Delta allows you to bring one carry-on bag and one personal item onboard with you at no additional charge. The only restriction is that your personal item must be small enough to fit under the seat in front of you.

Delta’s carry-on bag size limit is 22″ x 14″ x 9″. These dimensions include the wheels and handles of your carry-on bag.

If you aren’t sure what size your carry-on is, Delta has carry-on sizers located near the ticket counter.  These templates will help you make sure your carry on bag will fit in the overhead bin before you get to the gate.

As a rule, Delta doesn’t impose weight restrictions on a carry-on bag.   But there are a couple of international exceptions to this rule, including:

• Singapore – Changi International Airport (SIN): Carry-on bags cannot exceed 15 lbs. (7kgs)
• Beijing – Capital International Airport (PEK): Carry-on bags cannot exceed 22lbs. (10kgs)
• Shanghai – Pudong International Airport (PVG): Carry-on bags cannot exceed 22lbs. (10kgs)

I fly Delta almost every week into and out of many airports and I have never had them weigh my carry on bag for domestic or international flights. I have not flown to Singapore, Beijing or Shanghai on Delta, so I can’t speak to the weight restrictions on those routes.

Weight restrictions with checked luggage vary by cabin, destination, and medallion status. The general rule of thumb is if you don’t have medallion status you are allowed up to a 50 lb. weight limit per bag. If you have Delta medallion status, you are allowed up to 70 lbs. per bag for domestic flights and 50 lbs. per bag for international flights.

However, Delta One, First, and Business passengers are allowed up to 70 lb limit per piece regardless of Medallion status.

If you are looking for a great carry-on bag when flying Delta, I recommend the Travelpro Maxlite 5 Expandable Spinner. I have used this carry-on for years and brought it with me on many Delta flights.

It’s durable, reasonably priced, and holds everything I need for shorter trips (3-4 days). Plus the spinner wheels make it very easy to get through the airport quickly and effortlessly.

This carry-on bag has been sizer bin tested to accommodate overhead bin space on most major US airlines.

Case Dimensions:

• H: 21 in. W: 14 in. D: 9 in.

Note: If fully expanded it may not meet overhead bin size limits, so be careful to not overpack.

Delta will allow you to travel with some “special items” which do not meet their checked or carry-on size or weight dimensions. You will want to talk with the gate agent upon checking in to address the needs and characteristics of your special item. The gate agent will help you check your special item and determine if any extra fees will apply.

“Special items” may include:

• Strollers and Child safety seats
• Sporting Equipment
• Musical Instruments
• Medical Equipment & Wheelchairs
• Fragile items
• Perishable Items & Imported Merchandise

Delta’s carry-on policy allows you to travel with a free personal item in addition to one piece of carry-on luggage. Personal items include a purse, briefcase, laptop, backpack, blanket, shopping bag, or a similar-sized item.

Personal items must be able to fit under the seat in front of you. Underseat dimensions are 20 x 15 x 11 inches (55 x 38 x 28cm) on most Delta aircraft.

In addition to your carry-on bag and personal item, you can bring the following items with you:

• A jacket and umbrella
• Food or drink purchased after clearing the security checkpoint
• Duty-free merchandise
• Special items like strollers, child restraint seats, or assistive devices such as wheelchairs or crutches

If you happen to be flying on a Delta Connection flight with fifty seats or less (such as a CRJ 200), Delta’s policy states that you can bring a personal item with you, but not a carry-on bag, due to limited overhead space.  Personal items must be able to fit under the seat in front of the passenger.

All carry-on bags within Delta’s size restrictions will be gate checked, free of charge, during the boarding process and returned upon deplaning.   

However, despite this “official rule” there are some bags you can carry on a regional jet.  Check out our article on the best carry-on luggage for regional jets for a list of options, including under-seat luggage.

Delta Liquid Policy

The rules for carry-on liquids are set by the TSA (Transportation Security Administration), not by the airline.  Delta doesn’t have its own specific Liquids Policy, they just enforce the rules and policies of the TSA.

It’s also important to note that the rules for bringing a “liquid” in your carry-on bag differ from those that govern what you can bring in your checked luggage. Liquids in a carry-on bag must be 3.4 ounces or smaller and fit in a 1 quart-sized container. Anything larger must be placed in your checked luggage.

• All liquids, gels, pastes, and aerosols must be in a container of 3.4 ounces or smaller.
• All liquids must be in a resealable quart-sized clear plastic bag removed from your carry-on during the TSA screening process. 
• Special exceptions are in place for items such as medication, formula, breast milk, etc.
• Food and Drinks purchased once you have cleared TSA checkpoints are not included in these restrictions.

The TSA 3-1-1 rule provides the parameters for how passengers can bring liquids on an airplane in their carry-on.

Each passenger may carry liquids, gels, and aerosols in travel-size containers that are 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters and are enclosed in a sealed one-quart-size bag. Common travel items that must comply with the 3-1-1 liquids rule include toothpaste , shampoo, conditioner, perfume , mouthwash, deodorant , and lotion.

Any liquid that does not meet the TSA 3-1-1 rule will either have to be checked with your luggage or will be thrown away at the security checkpoint.

Exceptions to this rule are certain medications and baby food/child nourishment .

The TSA also sets the rules for what type of food you can bring on the plane . There are two different scenarios pertaining to food: 

• The food you bring with you from home, and
• The food you buy at the airport after you have gone through security.

When bringing food with you from home, an important thing to note is the classification of liquid vs. solid foods.  

The general rule is “If you can spill it, spread it, spray it, pump it, or pour it, then it’s considered a liquid or gel”.   This means your food may be considered a liquid and will fall under the TSA 3-1-1 liquids rule , which mandates that any liquid, gel, cream, aerosol, or paste in a carry-on must be 3.4 ounces or less, and fit in one quart-size resealable bag (only one such bag is allowed per passenger).

Here’s a link to the TSA website advising what food can be brought with you on your Delta flight.  This applies to food you are bringing from home through security.  

Once you get through security, you can bring just about any food or beverage on the plane that you buy at the airport. The one exception is alcohol. You cannot bring open alcohol on the plane with you. You can bring a sealed bottle of alcohol purchased at the airport (such as a duty-free shop), but you are not allowed to open or consume alcohol on the plane unless it is provided by Delta.

Delta Pet Policy

Delta may not charge for your carry-on bag, but they will charge for your carry-on pet.

If you are going to bring a pet on board with you, it must be able to fit in a small, ventilated pet carrier that fits under the seat in front of you. You will also have to call Delta in advance to tell them you are bringing a pet with you and confirm that they are allowed on your flight.

Delta generally allows up to 2 pets in business/first class and up to 4 in the main cabin. Pets are accepted on a first-come, first-serve basis. So if your pet meets Delta’s pet requirements , contact  Delta Reservations  in advance to arrange to bring your pet on board.

Pets in cabin kennels will count as your one carry-on item.  In addition to the kennel, you can bring one personal item onboard the aircraft.

Here is a chart showing the pet fees Delta charges each way.   Double them for a round-trip flight.

If you do plan on bringing your pet with you, make sure you follow TSA’s pet policy and have an airline-approved Pet Carrier that conforms to Delta’s pet policy .

I have traveled with 2 dogs over the last 10 years, one was a 20 lb. Shih Tzu-Bichon (in the picture above) and another is a 12lb. Chihuahua mix. We used the Sherpa pet carrier when bringing them on a flight with us and it worked great!

Features mesh panels so your pet can breathe easily, a non-slip shoulder strap, locking zippers, and a rear storage pocket for treats and other goodies.

Approved for use on most major airlines and the small and medium sizes are included in Sherpa's exclusive Guaranteed on Board program.

Prohibited and Restricted Items

There are certain items that are considered dangerous and classified as hazardous materials. Dangerous goods are prohibited from both your carry-on and checked baggage on all flights. The rules for these items are not specific to any airline and are mandated by the Federal Aviation Administration.

Here is a list of items that are strictly prohibited on Delta flights:

• Aerosol products (such as cooking spray or anti-static spray)
• Household Cleaners such as bleach, drain cleaners, or pesticides 
• Car Batteries
• Fireworks or explosives
• Ammunition, gunpowder, black powder, mace, and pepper spray
• Torch or blue flame lighters and all lighter refills
• Fuel (gasoline or sterno cans)
• Meals Ready to Eat (MREs)
• Pocket knife
• Paints, stains, or lubricant 
• “Strike-anywhere” matches 
• Safety razors and straight razor blades
• Hoverboards, balance gliders, self-balancing boards, or motorized riding suitcases that use lithium or lithium-ion batteries 
• Items with refrigerants including refrigerators, air conditioners, freezers, or dehumidifiers

The following items are not considered “dangerous goods” and are allowed when packaged properly, in accordance with TSA regulations:

• Ammunition, Explosives, or Firearms
• Battery or Fuel-Powered
• Food or Alcohol Transportation
• Personal Care & Medical Items
• Robotics, Machine, Household Items & Other  
• Sporting & Leisure Goods
• Tobacco, E-Cigarettes, Marijuana
• Knitting/ scissors
• Hiking or trekking poles
• Hair dryer/Straightener
• Sunscreen/bug spray
• Food as a carry-on
• Fishing hooks
• Fragile glass items

A complete list can be found on the FAA and TSA websites.

Delta allows you to bring 1 personal item and 1 carry-on with you onboard your flight.

No. Delta allows you to bring on 1 personal item and 1 carry-on at no additional charge.

Delta has no weight limit except for select flights to Asia, such as Singapore, Beijing, and Shanghai.

No. Even though Delta has a weight restriction for some destinations, they typically don’t weigh your carry-on bag. They pay more attention to the size of the carry-on rather than the weight.

Delta’s under-seat dimensions are 20x15x11 inches (55x38x28cm) on most of their aircraft.

Yes. If you travel to a country/airport with a duty-free store and purchase items sealed in clear plastic bags, you can travel with those items as a carry-on.

Certain types of razors are permitted in your carry-on while others are not. In general, electric and disposable razors are permitted. Safety razors, straight razors, and razor blades are not. This article will help you understand the various rules for different types of razors including electric razors, straight razors, safety razors, disposable razors, and razor blades.

There is no charge to carry a bag when you buy a Delta Basic Economy fare.  The carry-on rules are the same for all classes of service.  The main difference is with a Basic Economy ticket, you will be one of the last to board, so overhead space will be limited.

Related Articles

• Delta Delay and Cancellation Compensation
• How to get a Refund from Delta
• Delta Premium Select Review (DTW to HND)
• Guide to Delta Airline Hubs
• Delta Airlines Standby Policy

Tim is a business road warrior and avid leisure traveler who has flown over two million miles in the air and spent well over a thousand nights in hotels. He enjoys sharing tips, tricks, and hacks to help readers get the most out of their travel experience and learn how to “travel like a pro”!

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Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports

There are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.

There are different rules if you’re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons , for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.

Airport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it’s normally allowed in hand luggage.

Hand luggage allowances

Check with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.

Check the rules for electronic items and devices you’re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.

Taking liquids through security

There are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. Check the rules for liquids before you travel.

If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).

The rules for taking liquids through security in your hand luggage have changed for some UK airports. Check with the airport before you travel.

Liquid restrictions outside the UK

Countries outside the UK might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.

You can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:

• put it in your hold luggage
• put it in your hand luggage after screening

Food and powders

Food items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.

Frozen items

You cannot usually carry frozen items in your hand luggage, for example liquid, food or ice packs. 

There are some exceptions - check the rules for:

• medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements
• baby food and baby milk

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What Counts as a Personal Item on a Flight?

By Blane Bachelor

All products featured on Condé Nast Traveler are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.

It’s a common scenario while boarding a crowded flight: Flight attendants start Tetris-ing suitcases, backpacks, briefcases, jackets, and other items into overhead bins, trying to make sure there’s room for everyone’s luggage. A key piece of the what-fits-where puzzle is the personal item, which generally refers to the small purse , backpack , or tote bag that airlines allow passengers to carry on board for free—and which must be able to fit under the seat in front of you.

But with packed flights on the horizon as the holiday season approaches, and more travelers trying to avoid paying checked-bag fees (along with the risk of the airline losing said checked bag), it’s essential for fliers to understand airline rules around personal items—and remember common courtesy when it comes to flight attendants, fellow passengers, and shared spaces on the aircraft. Here’s what you need to know about personal items for your next flight.

What counts as a personal item?

• Does a pet carrier count?
• What are the guidelines from major US airlines?
• What about low-budget airlines?
• What are the best personal items for travel?

Almost universally, carriers allow passengers to bring onboard a personal item like a purse, backpack, or briefcase, at no additional charge. This item is in addition to the free carry-on piece , such as a small wheeled suitcase, allowed by most major airlines (except, generally, on the cheapest fare class such as basic economy).

Except for mobility devices (such as crutches, canes, and wheelchairs) and items like car seats, personal items must be able to fit under the seat in front of you—a specification airlines clearly state on their websites. “A well understood, and accepted by the majority of airlines, definition of a personal item is a bag that can be stored under the seat in front of you,” explains Anton Radchenko, CEO of AirAdvisor , a Boston-based passenger claims management company. Radchenko also says that the exact dimensions can differ between airlines.

There are some notable exceptions to the personal item rule as well. Most major US carriers don’t count kid-specific items such as diaper bags, strollers, and car seats (the latter to be used onboard) as a personal item. In addition, most airlines allow passengers to bring extras—duty free purchases, food and drink bought after clearing the security line, and jackets, coats, or umbrellas, for example—that don’t count toward their personal item. And that’s where things can get complicated, especially on full flights.

“Often passengers will arrive with a suitcase, personal items, coats, and sometimes even shopping bags,” says Josephine Remo , a Copenhagen-based former flight attendant with Scandinavian Airlines. “Obviously, all of that does not fit under the seat.”

Cue a scenario sure to happen more often as the holiday travel season ramps up: flight attendants removing personal items like small backpacks, jackets, or shopping bags from the overhead bins and requesting owners to place them under the seat in front of them. “In general, passengers need to understand that the overhead bins are for everyone and no one is entitled to a certain amount of space,” Remo says. If you're boarding with more than one personal item, know that you'll likely need to condense your belongings to fit on your person or under the seat in front of you—additional overhead space is not guaranteed.

Does a pet carrier count as a personal item?

It depends on the airline, but generally, most major US airlines allow a pet carrier as a piece of carry-on luggage. But the carrier must fit under the seat in front of you (meaning your second bag may have to go in the overhead compartment), and passengers must make a reservation ahead of time, as most airlines have limits on the number of pets traveling in the cabin. There’s also usually an additional fee.

What are the guidelines for major US carriers?

American requires personal items to have dimensions less than 18" x 14" x 8". Good news for travelers flying basic economy on American: The carrier has announced those fares now come with one carry-on for free, in addition to a personal item, to all destinations.

Delta does not list specific dimension requirements for personal items on its website, but like other airlines, requires them to fit under the seat in front of you.

All JetBlue fares include a personal item that must fit under the seat in front of you and must not exceed 17" 13" x 8." Passengers with Blue, Blue Plus, Blue Extra, and Mint fares can bring a carry-on bag (space permitting) that fits in the overhead bin, plus a personal item. The airline also specifies that any additional or larger carry-on bags brought to the gate will incur a fee ($65 for the first or second checked bag) and need to be checked.

Blue Basic fares only include one personal item. There are a few exceptions, however: Mosaic members; travelers on a JetBlue transatlantic flight; those who combine a Blue Basic fare with an Even More Space seat (on all legs, if connecting); active US military; and unaccompanied minors.

Southwest allows a personal item for all passengers such as a purse, small backpack, food container, or laptop. The carrier does not specify the required dimensions of personal items, but states the item must be able to fit under the seat in front of you.

Personal items on United flights must not exceed total dimensions of 17" x 10" x 9". United has an online baggage fee calculator to estimate costs to check a bag, noting that it’s cheaper to pay for these fees ahead of time.

What about personal items on budget airlines and low-cost carriers?

The personal item issue gets a bit trickier when it comes to budget carriers, which generally allow passengers one free personal item but charge for full-size carry-on luggage. Spirit Airlines, for example, has a range of fees for a carry-on beyond the personal item included in ticket prices. But, as its website notes, if you know you’ll have a larger carry-on bag, it’s advisable to pay during the booking process to avoid paying more later in the game (like a recent $99 at-the-airport carry-on fee we found on the carrier’s “Spirit Bag-O-Tron” baggage calculator ).

Not surprisingly, passengers adamant about not paying such hefty fees sometimes try to pass off larger bags as personal items. While social media is full of viral videos showing space-saving tips for carry-on luggage, some travelers take their packing hacks even further by stuffing travel pillows with clothes or making a small purchase in the airport and then using the store bag to fill with additional items, since airport purchases and duty free items are technically allowed by most carriers. However, travelers who egregiously flout an airline’s policy on personal items should proceed with caution, Radchenko advises.

“We have been made aware of instances where passengers have tried to pass off larger bags as personal items, which we strongly advise against,” he says. “Airlines have safety obligations to meet in terms of the size of bags that can be placed in seating areas, and they take these obligations seriously. Trying to get away with using a large bag as a personal item can result in passengers having to pay high on-the-day prices for an additional cabin or hold item, which they will also not be able to access easily, or at all, during a flight.”

Editor-approved personal items

Below, eight bags Traveler editors regularly take on the road.

• Health & Household
• Household Supplies
• Stain Removers

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Tide To Go Pen Liquid Stain Remover for Clothes, Tide To Go Pen, Instant Spot Remover for Clothes, Travel & Pocket Size, 3 Count

About this item.

• Powerful solution breaks stains down; microfiber pad lifts and absorbs them; Doesn't contain bleach
• Portable, pen-like design - fits neatly into briefcases, purses, drawers, or car compartments
• No mess, nothing to throw away, nothing to get on hands
• Works well on tomato juice, ketchup, BBQ sauce, grape juice, coffee, wine, tea, chocolate syrup and more
• Doesn’t contain bleach

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From the manufacturer

Product Description

Tide to Go is the portable, instant stain remover that helps eliminate many fresh food and drink stains on the spot. Keep a Tide to Go in your briefcase, car, purse and kitchen -- everywhere you encounter stains.

Product details

• Is Discontinued By Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ No
• Product Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 4.25 x 0.9 x 9.1 inches; 0.8 ounces
• Item model number ‏ : ‎ 10037000018718
• Date First Available ‏ : ‎ March 13, 2006
• Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ Procter & Gamble - Household/Laundry/Food
• ASIN ‏ : ‎ B01C3NAT16
• #102 in Laundry Stain Removers
• #1,840 in Sales & Deals

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Tide To Go Pen

A must have for on the go stain removal!

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My Completely Honest Review of Tide to Go Stain Remover

Quick and Honest Review!

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Important information

Safety information.

Keep out of reach of children. In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water. If irritation persists, seek medical advice.

Indications

Instant Stain Remover. Helps remove many fresh food and drink stains.

Ingredients

Active Ingredients: Biodegradable Cleaning Agents.

Remove excess residue from stain. Press tip onto stain to release desired amount of solution. Rub tip gently across the stain to remove it. When necessary, add more liquid and continue rubbing gently.

Legal Disclaimer

Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.

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Customer reviews.

Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.

To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness.

Customers say

Customers like the value, versatility, portability, and quality of the cleaning agent. For example, they mention it's an inexpensive gift, works great on most stains, and is easy to carry in a pocket. That said, opinions are mixed on the smell.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

Customers like the quality of the cleaning agent. They mention that it works great on most stains, is effective, and is a valuable tool for emergencies. Some say that it's a great product that works on everything.

"This easy to carry in pocket book, helps in emergency to take out stains . Apply in cases of stain while at a restaurant or messing up your clothes." Read more

" Great product . Perfect size for purse or desk drawer. Smells lite. Quick drying time. Durable" Read more

"...Its compact and portable design, coupled with its effectiveness , makes it a valuable tool for anyone who leads an active and busy lifestyle...." Read more

"...They have gotten out so many of the various stains that he has made on everyone’s clothes and belongings so far...." Read more

Customers find the cleaning agent portable. They say it's easy to carry in a pocket or bag, and is great for on the go. Some mention that it works on everything and is small enough to slip into their pocket.

"This easy to carry in pocket book , helps in emergency to take out stains. Apply in cases of stain while at a restaurant or messing up your clothes." Read more

"...Its compact and portable design, coupled with its effectiveness, makes it a valuable tool for anyone who leads an active and busy lifestyle...." Read more

"...And the best part? It's pocket-sized , so you can take it with you wherever you go...." Read more

"...I especially love that Tide Stain Remover is so portable . It comes in a small, pocket-sized container, so I can always have it with me...." Read more

Customers like the value of the cleaning agent. For example, they mention it's an excellent product for the money, affordable, and a great stocking stuffer or inexpensive gift. That said, some say the peace of mind it provides is well worth it.

"...stain removers, the convenience and peace of mind they provide are well worth it ...." Read more

"...This has the best value for the price Perfectly described and advertised. Was able to find them fast :)Very high quality..." Read more

"...But overall a very good buy . Definitely going to buy again" Read more

"...It doesn’t get rid of really old stains though so beware!! The price is a bit pricey but it’s worth it!!" Read more

Customers find the cleaning agent easy to use. They mention it's convenient to have on hand for random spills, and that it goes on easy. Customers also say the pen is quick and hassle-free, and it'll remove stains from clothes.

"...or just going about your daily routine, these stain remover pens offer a quick and hassle-free way to address stains before they become permanent...." Read more

"...I also appreciate how easy and mess free it is to use. The applicator tip allows for precise application...." Read more

"...It's super easy to use – just swipe it over the stain, and poof, it's gone! Whether it's coffee, food, or who-knows-what, this pen tackles it all...." Read more

"... No need for complicated instructions or pre-treatment rituals. Just uncap, swipe, and boom – stains begone...." Read more

Customers find the cleaning agent handy for pretreatment, spills, and everyday use. They also say the pocket-sized packaging is a practical and efficient solution. Customers also mention that it's great to have for anybody, and great for coffee spills and toothpaste drips.

"...Tide Stain Remover for Clothes in pocket-sized packaging is a practical and efficient solution for dealing with unexpected stains on the go...." Read more

"They remove the stains and are handy to take on my Grandson’s Baseball trips!" Read more

"I’m clumsy and these work great on spills on my clothes . Love this & will buy again, I carry one everyday in my bag. 😃I do recommend these for sure..." Read more

" Really convenient to remove spills when I'm away, so as to remain sharp looking until I can get home." Read more

Customers find the size of the cleaning agent handy for pre treating stains and easy to take anywhere. They say it comes in a small, pocket-sized container that fits everywhere. Some say that the size is good for 1 person and not a family with kids.

"Great product. Perfect size for purse or desk drawer . Smells lite. Quick drying time. Durable" Read more

"...The travel and pocket sized design is incredibly convenient . I also appreciate how easy and mess free it is to use...." Read more

"...It comes in a small, pocket-sized container , so I can always have it with me...." Read more

" Small like a pen so easy to take anywhere, works on Everything at gets stains out before annd after they set, easier before!" Read more

Customers have mixed opinions about the smell of the cleaning agent. Some say it smells nice, while others say it stinks.

"Great product. Perfect size for purse or desk drawer. Smells lite . Quick drying time. Durable" Read more

"...The odor of salad dressing lingered on the felted tip. I keep one in my purse for quick use. I would recommend this product. Tide is a brand I trust." Read more

"...I’ve never noticed any scent left by the Tide Pens and you don’t have to press down too hard to get the product out...." Read more

"...However, one aspect that falls short is its peculiar smell . The odor is undeniably off-putting, leaving a lingering scent on the treated garments...." Read more

Customers are mixed about the fading of the cleaning agent. Some mention that it dries quickly, while others say that it's completely dried out or half empty. The liquid inside seems to be dried up, and the color on the outside is faded and smeared.

"The stains don’t come off, but makes shirt wet ." Read more

"...Perfect size for purse or desk drawer. Smells lite. Quick drying time . Durable" Read more

"...The only issue I find annoying is that once it's on, it stays wet longer than I would like . But Stains are worse, so I will purchase these again." Read more

"...My only complaint is that they can dry up easily /quickly sometimes." Read more

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Disclaimer : While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists. Actual product packaging and materials may contain more and/or different information than that shown on our Web site. We recommend that you do not solely rely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using or consuming a product. For additional information about a product, please contact the manufacturer. Content on this site is for reference purposes and is not intended to substitute for advice given by a physician, pharmacist, or other licensed health-care professional. You should not use this information as self-diagnosis or for treating a health problem or disease. Contact your health-care provider immediately if you suspect that you have a medical problem. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Amazon.com assumes no liability for inaccuracies or misstatements about products.

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Medications (Liquid)

TSA allows larger amounts of medically necessary liquids, gels, and aerosols in reasonable quantities for your trip, but you must declare them to TSA officers at the checkpoint for inspection.

Learn more about transporting medication on your next flight.

Minister says reintroduction of liquid restrictions at six airports ‘temporary’

T he reintroduction of restrictions on carrying liquids over 100ml at six regional airports in the UK is a “temporary measure”, according to the Transport Secretary.

The change will come into effect from midnight on Sunday and will affect passengers travelling from London City , Aberdeen, Newcastle, Leeds /Bradford, Southend and Teesside airports.

All of the airports have next generation security checkpoints (NGSC) in operation, which create a 3D image of what is inside passengers’ bags and had allowed them to scrap the rule.

The 100ml rule was introduced in 2006 following a foiled terror plot to blow up planes flying from London to the US with home-made liquid bombs.

The announcement we’ve made, which comes into force from midnight tonight, actually only affects six regional airports and about 6% of those travelling

Mark Harper said airline passengers should “check with their airport what the rules are” on carrying liquids over 100ml amid some confusion over the restrictions.

He told BBC Breakfast on Saturday: “The announcement we’ve made, which comes into force from midnight tonight, actually only affects six regional airports and about 6% of those travelling.

“For most passengers, actually, the rules haven’t changed at all yet and won’t therefore change tonight. People should just check with their airport what the rules are or the processes are at a particular airport.

“We’ve reintroduced that rule while updates and changes are made to the scanning equipment at airports to make sure we can continue delivering our world-leading levels of aviation security.

“It’s a temporary measure and we’ll set out when that can be reversed in due course.”

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The state of tourism and hospitality 2024

Tourism and hospitality are on a journey of disruption. Shifting source markets and destinations, growing demand for experiential and luxury travel, and innovative business strategies are all combining to dramatically alter the industry landscape. Given this momentous change, it’s important for stakeholders to consider and strategize on four major themes:

• The bulk of travel is close to home. Although international travel might draw headlines, stakeholders shouldn’t neglect the big opportunities in their backyards. Domestic travel still represents the bulk of travel spending, and intraregional tourism is on the rise.
• Consumers increasingly prioritize travel—when it’s on their own terms. Interest in travel is booming, but travelers are no longer content with a one-size-fits-all experience. Individual personalization might not always be practical, but savvy industry players can use segmentation and hypothesis-driven testing to improve their value propositions. Those that fail to articulate target customer segments and adapt their offerings accordingly risk getting left behind.
• The face of luxury travel is changing. Demand for luxury tourism and hospitality is expected to grow faster than any other travel segment today—particularly in Asia. It’s crucial to understand that luxury travelers don’t make up a monolith. Segmenting by age, nationality, and net worth can reveal varied and evolving preferences and behaviors.
• As tourism grows, destinations will need to prepare to mitigate overcrowding. Destinations need to be ready to handle the large tourist flows of tomorrow. Now is the time for stakeholders to plan, develop, and invest in mitigation strategies. Equipped with accurate assessments of carrying capacities and enhanced abilities to gather and analyze data, destinations can improve their transportation and infrastructure, build tourism-ready workforces, and preserve their natural and cultural heritages.

McKinsey Live event: Faces, places, and trends: The state of tourism & hospitality

Thursday, June 13 at 10:30 a.m EDT / 4:30 p.m CET

Now boarding: Faces, places, and trends shaping tourism in 2024

Global travel is back and buzzing. The amount of travel fell by 75 percent in 2020; however, travel is on its way to a full recovery by the end of 2024. More regional trips, an emerging population of new travelers, and a fresh set of destinations are powering steady spending in tourism.

There’s no doubt that people still love to travel and will continue to seek new experiences in new places. But where will travelers come from, and where will they go?

We share a snapshot of current traveler flows, along with estimates for growth through 2030.

The way we travel now

Which trends are shaping traveler sentiment now? What sorts of journeys do today’s travelers dream about? How much are they willing to spend on their trips? And what should industry stakeholders do to adapt to the traveler psychology of the moment?

To gauge what’s on the minds of present-day travelers, we surveyed more than 5,000 of them. The findings reveal disparate desires, generational divides, and a newly emerging set of traveler archetypes.

Updating perceptions about today’s luxury traveler

Demand for luxury tourism and hospitality is expected to grow faster than for any other segment. This growth is being powered in part by a large and expanding base of aspiring luxury travelers with net worths between $100,000 and $1 million, many of whom are younger and increasingly willing to spend larger shares of their wealth on upscale travel options. The increase is also a result of rising wealth levels in Asia.

We dug deeper into this ongoing evolution by surveying luxury travelers around the globe about their preferences, plans, and expectations. Some widely held notions about luxury travelers—such as how much money they have, how old they are, and where they come from—could be due for reexamination.

Destination readiness: Preparing for the tourist flows of tomorrow

As global tourism grows, it will be crucial for destinations to be ready. How can the tourism ecosystem prepare to host unprecedented volumes of visitors while managing the challenges that can accompany this success? A large flow of tourists, if not carefully channeled, can encumber infrastructure, harm natural and cultural attractions, and frustrate locals and visitors alike.

Now is the time for tourism stakeholders to combine their thinking and resources to look for better ways to handle the visitor flows of today while properly preparing themselves for the visitor flows of tomorrow. We offer a diagnostic that destinations can use to spot early-warning signs about tourism concentration, along with suggestions for funding mechanisms and strategies to help maximize the benefits of tourism while minimizing its negative impacts.

Six trends shaping new business models in tourism and hospitality

As destinations and source markets have transformed over the past decade, tourism and hospitality companies have evolved, too. Accommodation, home sharing, cruises, and theme parks are among the sectors in which new approaches could present new opportunities. Stakeholders gearing up for new challenges should look for business model innovations that will help sustain their hard-won growth—and profits.

Unbundling offerings, cross-selling distinctive experiences, and embracing data-powered strategies can all be winning moves. A series of insight-driven charts reveal significant trends and an outlook on the future.

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