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More than 800,000 visit India for medical treatment in three years

Most of the people arriving on medical visas were from african nations.

An Indian health worker prepares the medical beds at a makeshift COVID-19 care facility inside the Omandurar Government Medical College Hospital. EPA

More than 800,000 foreigners visited India in the past three years for medical treatment, making it one of the top destinations for medical tourism.

About 825,000 medical visas were issued to foreigners, mostly in African nations, between 2019 and 2021, the Home Ministry said on Tuesday.

“A total of 410,677, 142,928 and 272,190 foreigners arrived on medical visas in 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively,” said Nityanand Rai, Minister of State for Home.

The numbers are significant, despite international travel restrictions because of the coronavirus.

The global medical tourism market is estimated to be worth about $72 billion. Countries such as Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand are leading destinations for medical tourism.

India’s medical tourism industry was expected to be worth $9bn in 2020, according to industry body the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry.

Last year, the country ranked 10th in the world in the Medical Tourism Index compiled by the Medical Tourism Association.

The country has almost 600 globally and nationally accredited hospitals that provide world-class treatment.

Foreign visitors seek treatment in medical centres such as Delhi and Mumbai, as well as smaller cities where costs are lower.

Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Oman and West Africa are among places from which people journey for treatment ranging from dental care to critical surgery including tumour removal, heart surgery and organ transplants.

Tourists can combine healthcare services with visits to tourist attractions throughout the country.

“I came to India because of its affordable cost and quality treatment and the doctors here are well experienced compared with other countries,” said Abdinur, 65, who visited from Somalia for a heart procedure in southern Hyderabad.

The pandemic slowed the flow of visitors, but the industry is expecting to bounce back.

Mahendrakar Sreekant, head of international operations at Medicover Hospitals in Hyderabad, said there had been a 30 per cent rise in patient footfall since last year.

“We receive nearly 500 patients from countries like Yemen and Africa every year. In fact, the footfall of patients has increased since the pandemic restrictions were lifted, as they were waiting for treatment,” Mr Sreekant told The National .

The Indian government has been pushing to make the country a go-to destination for quality and affordable care.

The country is the world's largest supplier of generic drugs.

DESTINATION

Brief Introduction to the Country and its Reputation in Medical Tourism

India has long been a captivating destination, not just for its cultural richness and historical grandeur, but increasingly for its advancements in healthcare. Recognized as one of the premier medical tourism destinations, India welcomes hundreds of thousands of medical tourists each year. The combination of cutting-edge technology, highly qualified healthcare professionals, and affordable treatments has solidified India's reputation as a medical tourism powerhouse. From elective procedures to critical surgeries, the country provides an expansive range of high-quality medical services to international patients.

Historical and Cultural Significance in Medicine

The roots of Indian medical practices can be traced back to its ancient systems like Ayurveda, Yoga, and Siddha, which are still prevalent and integrated into modern medicine. The country's historical commitment to medical research and surgery is exemplified by figures like Susruta, an ancient Indian physician often dubbed the "Father of Surgery." Modern Indian healthcare draws from this rich history, amalgamating traditional practices with contemporary medical science.

An International Hub for Medical Excellence

Indian hospitals and healthcare providers are increasingly being accredited by international organizations, underscoring their commitment to quality and excellence. The growth of private hospitals catering specifically to international patients is another feather in India’s medical cap.

Cutting-Edge Innovation and Technology

From robotic surgeries to pioneering techniques in cardiology and oncology, Indian healthcare providers are at the forefront of medical innovation. State-of-the-art facilities and medical equipment are now standard in many Indian hospitals, making the country an attractive option for those seeking advanced medical treatments not available or affordable in their home countries.

Popular Medical Procedures

List and brief descriptions of procedures.

India is especially known for offering quality treatments in the following areas:

• Cardiology (including heart transplants)
• Orthopedic surgeries (like knee and hip replacements)
• Cosmetic surgery
• Dental care
• Oncology (cancer treatments)
• Ophthalmology

Specializations or Pioneering Treatments

India has gained recognition for specialized treatments like Ayurvedic Therapies, stem cell therapy, and minimally invasive surgeries. Hospitals are also engaging in groundbreaking research and offering cutting-edge treatments in neurosurgery and cardiovascular care.

Top Hospitals & Clinics

Renowned hospitals.

• Apollo Hospitals
• Fortis Healthcare
• Max Healthcare
• Medanta - The Medicity

Accreditation and Affiliation Details

Most top-tier hospitals are accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH) and many have Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation.

Special Features, Awards, or Recognitions

Many Indian hospitals have won national and international awards for excellence in healthcare delivery and patient safety.

Cost Comparison

Comparative data.

On average, the cost of medical procedures in India is about 60-90% lower than in the United States, without compromising on quality. For example, a heart bypass surgery that costs upwards of $100,000 in the U.S. could cost as low as $5,000 in India.

Price Ranges

The following are approximate price ranges for some popular treatments:

• Knee Replacement: $4,000 - $9,000
• Hip Replacement: $5,000 - $10,000
• Heart Bypass: $5,000 - $8,000

Quality & Safety

Medical standards and practices.

India upholds high standards in medical practices, often on par with Western countries like the United States and the United Kingdom. The country has a rigorous medical education system that produces a large number of highly qualified doctors and nurses each year.

Accreditation Systems and Regulatory Bodies

Apart from international accreditations like JCI, Indian hospitals often seek accreditation from the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH), a constituent board of Quality Council of India. This ensures that the hospitals meet stringent guidelines in terms of quality and patient safety.

Quality Checks and Patient Safety Protocols

Hospitals and clinics in India are equipped with the latest technology to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Patient safety protocols are strictly followed, and quality checks are performed regularly to ensure the highest standards are maintained.

Patient Rights

Patients in India have the right to confidentiality, informed consent, and access to their medical records. Hospitals have dedicated International Patient Services departments that assist foreign patients in navigating healthcare in India.

Medical Visa Information

Guidelines and requirements.

International patients can apply for a Medical Visa, usually designated as ‘Med Visa’, which is specifically intended for medical treatments in India.

Duration, Documentation, and Application Process

A Medical Visa usually has a duration of up to one year or the period of treatment, whichever is less. Required documents often include a letter from a local doctor, a letter from the Indian hospital agreeing to treat you, and proof of financial stability. Online applications are generally processed within a week.

Travel-related Advisories or Restrictions

It is advisable to consult your home country’s embassy or consulate for any travel advisories or restrictions related to India, especially due to the evolving situation with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cultural Considerations

Local customs and etiquette.

While the hospital staff is usually well-versed in international etiquette, understanding local customs like greetings and modest dress codes can enhance your stay.

Language Barriers

English is widely spoken in Indian medical facilities. However, translators for other languages can usually be arranged by the hospital.

Dietary Considerations

Indian cuisine is diverse and can be spicy. Most hospitals offer international cuisine to cater to the dietary needs of foreign patients.

Travel & Accommodation

Popular and recommended areas to stay.

Areas near major hospitals in cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, and Chennai offer a range of accommodation options, from budget hotels to luxury suites.

Proximity to Medical Facilities

Staying close to the hospital is advisable for convenience, and many hospitals offer in-house accommodation options for international patients.

Transportation Facilities

Public transport in major Indian cities is generally good, with options ranging from taxis to metro services. Private car hire services are also readily available.

Post-procedure Relaxation and Recuperation Spots

India offers a plethora of tourist attractions, from serene beaches in Goa to the peaceful Himalayan regions, ideal for post-procedure relaxation.

Legal & Ethical Considerations

Legal rights of patients.

Patients have the right to legal recourse in case of medical negligence or malpractice, although the legal process can be lengthy.

Medical Malpractice Laws

India has a set of laws dealing with medical malpractice and negligence, aimed at protecting the patient's rights.

Ethical Considerations

Issues like organ transplants are strictly regulated, and only relatives can donate organs, with some exceptions.

Benefits & Risks

The major benefits of choosing India for medical treatment include cost-effectiveness, high quality of healthcare, and the availability of specialized treatments.

Risks or Concerns

Potential risks include varying standards among healthcare providers and long waiting times for certain treatments, though these are not common at leading hospitals.

Post-procedure Care

Post-operative care.

Indian medical institutions offer comprehensive post-operative care, including physical rehabilitation services.

Availability and Quality of Rehabilitation Centers

Several top-notch rehabilitation centers are available for procedures requiring long-term care, such as joint replacements.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• Is it safe to have surgery in India? Yes, if you choose accredited hospitals, patient safety and quality are generally excellent.
• Do doctors in India speak English? In most top-tier hospitals, doctors are fluent in English.
• What is the cost comparison? Medical treatments in India can cost 60-90% less than in Western countries.
• What about aftercare? Comprehensive aftercare and rehabilitation services are available.

Global Provider Members

Hindi and English

Indian Rupee

1,370,825,550

India is typically very hot, with the hottest and driest months lying between March and June. The average temperature during this time is usually 90 degrees Fahrenheit. However, in the western part of India, the average temperature can be much higher. The coolest months are between December and February, with the average daily temperature fluctuating between 50-59 degrees Fahrenheit (10-15 degrees Celsius). The rainy (monsoon) season lasts from March until June. Because the boundaries of India span a large land area, it does not fit into only one climate zone.

Facilitators

New Delhi, India

Haryana, India

Karnataka, India

Mumbai, India

Maharashtra, India

Delhi, India

Uttar Pradesh, India

Telengana, India

Tamilnadu, India

Punjab, India

Maharastra, India

Kerala, India

Gujarat, India

Tamil Nadu, India

Dehli, India

Featured Treatments

MedicalTourism.com

MedicalTourism.com is a free, confidential, independent resource for patients and industry providers. Our mission is to provide a central portal where patients, medical tourism providers, hospitals, clinics, employers, and insurance companies can all find the information they need. Our site focuses on patients looking for specific knowledge in the fields of medical tourism, dental tourism, and health tourism.

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Medical Tourism in India: Top destinations, scenarios and all you need to know

India in recent years has emerged as a major hub for medical tourism and is now considered among the top 6 medical value travel destinations in the world. here is all you need to know about it..

Medical Tourism , or Medical Value Travel, refers to the industry where international patients travel across the border for medical, cosmetic, or wellness treatments. India in recent years has emerged as a major hub for medical tourism and is now considered among the top 6 medical value travel destinations in the world. Its rapidly growing medical tourism industry has put Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai and Kochi on the globe for millions of people across Asia and Africa, who turn to these cities for all their surgical needs. Our unrivalled knowledge , top-notch doctors, extensive experience, and premier hospitals enable us to dominate the Indian medical tourism market. The patient can receive affordable treatment packages in India. (Also read: Kerala Tourism focuses on ‘responsible tourism’ to increase the livelihood of locals )

In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Danish Ahmed, Founder, Healthtrip.com, shared important insights regarding medical tourism in India.

Medical tourism scenario in India:

Medical Tourism in India, in mid-2020, was estimated to be worth around USD 9 billion which makes India stand at Number 10 in the Global Medical Tourism Index. Approximately 2 million patients visit India each year from 78 countries for medical, wellness and IVF treatments, generating $6 billion for the industry which is expected to reach $13 billion by 2026 backed by the government’s Heal in India initiative. This not only generates jobs, profits and forex for hospitals but also creates very valuable soft power for India, positioning it as the Healing Center of the world. It also creates demand for high-end equipment, which results in continuous upgradation of Indian healthcare, resulting in a spiral of demand generating quality, generating more demand.

Why do they choose India:

India’s key advantage is the price at which it can deliver the world-class quality of healthcare, along with complementing treatments in Ayurveda, which gives it the unique positioning of Holistic Healthcare. Aptly called, Heal in India, the expected initiatives from the government will ease visa and forex norms for these patients, unlocking the tremendous potential of medical tourism in the country. India is known to be the land of natural medicines to the world. India and Ayurveda have a history that longs back in time.

Where are most medical tourists from:

Most of the tourists are from Asian or African countries such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Indonesia and Kenya, among others.

Top 5 medical tourism destinations in India:

Chennai: One of the most well-liked locations in India for receiving medical care. According to research by the Confederation of Indian Industries, almost 40% of patients choose Chennai because of the city's high standard of care. Chennai, the "health capital of India," sees foreign patients annually for hip replacements, eye surgeries, cardiac bypasses, bone marrow transplants, and alternative medical procedures.

Mumbai: It is the city with India's fastest expanding medical tourism industry, and is home to a number of super speciality hospitals as well as a Research and Diagnostic Center for orthopaedic and weight reduction procedures. Mumbai is also well-known for its Ayurvedic therapies and cosmetic surgery.

New Delhi: Numerous outstanding private hospitals, including ones that offer packages for general surgery, eye surgery, heart care, and neurosurgery to foreign patients, can be found in the nation's capital.

Ahmedabad: Ahmedabad is another Indian city that is gradually rising to prominence as a centre for medical tourism. Many non-residents prefer seeking treatment in Ahmedabad because of its hospitals with top-notch amenities.

Bangalore: Due to the vast quantity of top-notch medical facilities and specialists among its medical professionals. These are Bangalore medical tourism's main attractions. There are also doctors in Bangalore who have had advanced training in the west with almost little wait time and quick access to medical care for visitors seeking treatment.

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Medical Tourism In India: A Comprehensive Guide

Looking for top-notch medical treatments and a chance to explore a vibrant culture? Look no further than India, the ultimate destination for medical tourism. In our comprehensive guide, we will take you through all the ins and outs of this booming industry in India. From the world-class healthcare facilities to the diverse range of wellness options, we’ll uncover why India has become a sought-after hub for those seeking quality medical care coupled with an enriching cultural experience. So pack your bags and join us on this journey to discover the wonders of medical tourism in India.

Table of Contents

Overview of Medical Tourism in India

India has emerged as a top destination for medical tourism, attracting patients from all around the world seeking high-quality healthcare at affordable costs. With its state-of-the-art medical facilities, well-trained professionals, and a wide range of treatment options, India offers a comprehensive healthcare experience. From cardiac surgeries to orthopedic procedures, cosmetic surgeries to wellness treatments, India has become renowned for its expertise in various medical specialties.

India’s Emergence as a Top Medical Tourism Destination

Over the years, India has gained recognition as one of the leading hubs for medical tourism. The country offers advanced medical treatments at a fraction of the cost compared to Western countries. This has led to an increasing number of international patients traveling to India for their medical needs. The availability of world-class healthcare infrastructure, highly skilled doctors, and the use of cutting-edge technology has contributed to India’s growing reputation as a medical tourism hotspot.

Reasons Why People Choose Medical Tourism in India

There are several reasons why people choose medical tourism in India. Firstly, the affordability factor plays a significant role. Medical treatments in India are generally much cheaper compared to Western countries, making it an attractive option for patients looking to save on costs without compromising on quality. Secondly, India’s healthcare facilities are renowned for their high standards and state-of-the-art equipment. Patients can expect world-class treatment and care from experienced medical professionals. Lastly, India offers a diverse range of treatment options, making it a preferred choice for various medical specialties.

Major Cities and Hospitals for Medical Tourism in India

India’s major cities have established themselves as prominent destinations for medical tourism. Delhi, the capital city, is home to numerous renowned hospitals and healthcare facilities that cater to a vast array of medical needs. Mumbai, known as the financial capital, boasts of internationally acclaimed hospitals offering top-notch medical services. Bangalore, the IT hub of India, is also a popular choice due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure. Chennai and Kolkata are also worth mentioning for their well-established hospitals that provide world-class treatments.

Types of Medical Treatments Available in India

India offers a wide range of medical treatments across various specialties. Cardiology and cardiovascular surgeries are highly sought-after in India, with hospitals performing complex procedures with excellent success rates. Orthopedics and joint replacements are also prominent areas of expertise, with skilled surgeons providing advanced treatments. Cosmetic and plastic surgeries are another popular choice due to the affordability factor and the availability of skilled professionals. Additionally, India is known for its traditional healing practices, such as Ayurveda and wellness treatments, that attract those seeking holistic approaches to health.

Advantages of Medical Tourism in India

Affordability of medical treatments in india.

One of the primary advantages of medical tourism in India is the affordability factor. The cost of healthcare in India is significantly lower compared to Western countries, making it an attractive option for patients looking for cost-effective solutions without compromising on quality. Patients can often save up to 70% on medical treatments by choosing to undergo procedures in India. These savings can be utilized for other expenses, such as travel, accommodation, and post-treatment care.

High-Quality Healthcare Facilities and Infrastructure

India boasts world-class healthcare facilities and infrastructure that meet international standards. Renowned hospitals in India are equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and cutting-edge technology, ensuring that patients receive the best medical care possible. The healthcare sector in India continuously invests in upgrading infrastructure and adopting innovative practices, ensuring that patients have access to top-notch healthcare services.

Well-Trained and Experienced Medical Professionals

India is home to highly skilled and experienced medical professionals who have received training from prestigious institutions both within the country and abroad. Indian doctors and surgeons are known for their expertise, precision, and success rates in various medical procedures. Many doctors practicing in India have international exposure, further enhancing the quality of medical care offered.

Short Waiting Periods for Treatments

One of the significant advantages of medical tourism in India is the minimal waiting periods for treatments. In Western countries, patients often have to wait for extended periods to undergo certain medical procedures. However, in India, patients can experience shorter waiting times, allowing them to receive timely medical attention. This quick turnaround time is beneficial, especially for patients in need of urgent treatment or seeking relief from prolonged medical conditions.

Popular Destinations for Medical Tourism in India

India’s major cities serve as popular destinations for medical tourism due to their excellent healthcare infrastructure and expertise. Here are some key cities for medical tourism in India:

Delhi, the capital city, hosts numerous prestigious hospitals and medical centers. Renowned institutions such as All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Apollo Hospitals offer a wide range of treatments and attract patients from all over the world.

Mumbai, the financial capital, is home to advanced healthcare facilities that provide cutting-edge treatments. Hospitals like Jaslok Hospital and Lilavati Hospital are known for their expertise in various medical specialties.

Bangalore, known as India’s Silicon Valley, has become a preferred choice for medical tourism due to its world-class hospitals and skilled medical professionals. Manipal Hospital and Fortis Hospital are among the renowned healthcare providers in the city.

Chennai is known for its advanced healthcare infrastructure and expertise in various medical fields. Apollo Hospitals, Sankara Nethralaya, and Fortis Malar Hospital are some of the leading hospitals in Chennai providing top-notch medical services.

Kolkata, the cultural capital, has several reputable hospitals that offer a wide range of medical treatments. Hospitals like Apollo Gleneagles Hospital and Fortis Hospital provide comprehensive healthcare services to both domestic and international patients.

Key Medical Specialties in India

India excels in various medical specialties, attracting patients from around the world seeking advanced treatment options. Here are some key medical specialties in India:

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgeries

India is renowned for its expertise in cardiac care and cardiovascular surgeries. Hospitals like AIIMS, Apollo Hospitals, and Fortis Escorts Heart Institute are known for their exceptional success rates in complex cardiac procedures.

Orthopedics and Joint Replacements

Orthopedic treatments and joint replacements are highly sought-after in India. Skilled orthopedic surgeons in hospitals such as Max Super Specialty Hospital and Narayana Health perform advanced procedures, providing relief to patients suffering from joint-related conditions.

Cosmetic and Plastic Surgeries

India is emerging as a popular destination for cosmetic and plastic surgeries, as it offers high-quality procedures at affordable prices. Skilled surgeons in hospitals like Apollo Cosmetic Clinic and Fortis Hospitals specialize in various cosmetic procedures, including rhinoplasty, liposuction, and breast augmentation.

Ayurveda and Wellness Treatments

India is world-renowned for its ancient healing system, Ayurveda. Many patients seeking holistic wellness and rejuvenation experiences choose India for Ayurvedic treatments. Wellness centers and hospitals like Kairali Ayurvedic Healing Village and Soukya International Holistic Health Center provide authentic Ayurvedic treatments and therapies.

Patient Experience and Care

India’s medical tourism industry places great emphasis on providing a seamless and comfortable experience for international patients. From pre-arrival planning to post-treatment follow-up, patients receive comprehensive care throughout their medical journey. Here are some aspects of patient experience and care:

Pre-Arrival Planning and Assistance

Medical tourism facilitators and hospitals in India assist patients with pre-arrival planning, including medical visa applications, scheduling appointments, and coordinating treatment plans. They serve as a point of contact, ensuring that all necessary arrangements are made for a smooth and hassle-free experience.

Accommodation and Transportation Arrangements

Medical tourists in India are provided with various accommodation options catering to different budgets and preferences. Many hospitals have tie-ups with nearby hotels, ensuring that patients have a comfortable stay during their treatment period. Additionally, transportation arrangements, including airport transfers and commuting to and from hospitals, are also taken care of by service providers.

Language and Translation Support

India acknowledges the diversity of its patient base and understands the importance of effective communication. Hospitals and medical tourism providers offer language assistance and translation services to overcome any language barriers that patients may face. This ensures clear communication between medical professionals and patients, minimizing any potential misunderstandings.

Post-Treatment Follow-Up and Care

After the completion of medical procedures, patients require post-treatment follow-up and care. Medical providers in India offer comprehensive post-treatment support, including consultations, medication management, and guidance on post-operative care. This ensures that patients have a smooth recovery process and receive the necessary guidance for long-term care.

Cost and Financial Considerations

One of the primary reasons patients opt for medical tourism in India is the significant cost savings compared to Western countries. Here are some important cost and financial considerations:

Comparison of Treatment Costs in India and Western Countries

Medical treatments in India are considerably cheaper compared to Western countries. Patients can save a substantial amount on their medical expenses by choosing to undergo procedures in India. Cost comparisons of specific treatments between India and Western countries can help patients make informed decisions regarding their healthcare.

Health Insurance Coverage and Reimbursement Options

Many international health insurance providers offer coverage for medical treatments in India. Patients are advised to check their insurance policies for details on coverage and reimbursement options. Medical tourism facilitators can assist in navigating insurance-related queries and providing guidance on reimbursement options.

Payment Methods and Currency Exchange

India accepts various modes of payment for medical treatments, including cash, credit cards, and wire transfers. Patients are advised to check with the hospital or medical tourism provider regarding accepted payment methods. Additionally, currency exchange services are available at airports and banks for patients who need to convert their currency to Indian Rupees.

Travel and Tourism in India

Medical tourists in India have the opportunity to explore the country’s rich cultural heritage and vibrant tourist attractions. Here are some details regarding travel and tourism in India:

Tourist Attractions and Cultural Experiences in India

India offers a myriad of tourist attractions, including historical monuments, UNESCO World Heritage sites, beautiful landscapes, and diverse cultural experiences. From the stunning Taj Mahal to the serene backwaters of Kerala, medical tourists can indulge in exploring India’s rich history and natural beauty.

Visa Requirements and Travel Arrangements

International patients visiting India for medical treatments are required to obtain a medical visa. The visa application process involves providing relevant medical documentation and an invitation letter from the hospital or medical tourism provider. Medical tourism facilitators can assist patients in the visa application process and provide guidance on any additional travel requirements.

Local Transportation and Tour Guides

India has a well-developed transportation network, offering various options for local travel during medical tourism visits. Taxis, app-based cab services, and public transportation are easily accessible in major cities. Additionally, hiring a tour guide can enhance the experience, providing insights into local culture, traditions, and places of interest.

Safety and Quality Assurance

India’s healthcare industry places great emphasis on safety and quality assurance to ensure the well-being of patients. Here are some aspects of safety and quality assurance:

Accreditation and Certification of Hospitals in India

Many hospitals in India are accredited by organizations such as the Joint Commission International (JCI) and the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). These accreditations ensure that hospitals meet international standards of patient care, safety, and quality.

Patient Safety Standards and Procedures

Safety protocols and procedures are in place to ensure the well-being of patients. From infection control measures to stringent quality control systems, hospitals in India prioritize patient safety. Experienced medical professionals follow established guidelines and protocols to deliver safe and effective healthcare.

Tips for Choosing a Reliable Medical Tourism Provider

When choosing a medical tourism provider in India, it is essential to consider factors such as reputation, experience, and patient reviews. Researching the provider’s track record, affiliations with reputed hospitals, and the expertise of their medical professionals can help patients make informed decisions. Additionally, seeking recommendations from trusted sources or engaging with medical tourism facilitators can provide valuable insights into reliable service providers.

Cultural Sensitivity and Etiquette

Being culturally sensitive and observing proper etiquette is crucial when seeking medical treatment in a foreign country like India. Here are some aspects of cultural sensitivity and etiquette to keep in mind:

Understanding Indian Culture and Norms

India is a diverse country with varying cultural practices and norms. Familiarizing oneself with basic aspects of Indian culture, such as greetings, gestures, and dress codes, can help patients navigate social interactions smoothly. Respecting and embracing the local culture can contribute to a positive and enriching experience.

Etiquette for Interacting with Medical Professionals

Maintaining a respectful and courteous attitude when interacting with medical professionals is important. Addressing doctors and medical staff with the appropriate honorifics, asking relevant questions, and carefully following their instructions showcase an understanding of professional customs and foster a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Respecting Local Customs and Traditions

India is known for its rich traditions, customs, and religious practices. Being mindful of local customs and traditions, such as removing footwear before entering certain spaces or following appropriate dress codes in religious sites, showcases respect for the local culture. Adhering to these customs can foster positive interactions with locals and add to the overall experience.

Medical tourism in India offers a comprehensive healthcare experience, combining world-class treatments with a vibrant cultural immersion. With its affordable costs, high-quality healthcare facilities, well-trained professionals, and a diverse range of medical specialties, India has emerged as a top destination for patients seeking advanced medical treatments. The country’s major cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Kolkata, offer excellent healthcare infrastructure and expertise. From cardiac surgeries to cosmetic procedures and traditional healing practices, India caters to various medical needs. With a focus on patient experience and comprehensive care, medical tourists receive assistance in pre-arrival planning, accommodation arrangements, language support, and post-treatment follow-up. The affordability factor, along with the high quality of healthcare, makes India an attractive choice for medical tourism. As the industry continues to evolve and advancements are made, the future of medical tourism in India looks promising. Whether it is for a specific medical procedure or a wellness retreat, exploring medical tourism in India can provide an excellent healthcare experience coupled with a glimpse into the country’s rich culture and heritage.

Indian Culture Team

• Heal in India: Emergence of India as a Hub of Medical Tourism

• Team India Blogs

Interestingly, India is visited not only for its tradition, enthralling beauty, and delightful diversity but also for its high-end healthcare ecosystem and world-class medical treatment. Over the years, India has become a premier and attractive destination for travellers from across the globe to attain best-in-class clinical treatment, recharge, and rejuvenate.

Medical Tourism (also known as Medical Value Travel, Health Tourism, or Wellness Tourism) is defined as the accelerating practice of travelling across international locales and territories to seek healthcare services. Healthcare services and offerings in India are primarily classified into three broad categories:

• Medical Treatment: Treatment for curative purposes that include cardiac care, organ transplantation, orthopedics, neurosciences, oncology, and bariatrics.
• Wellness and Rejuvenation: Offerings focused on rejuvenation or for aesthetic reasons such as cosmetic surgery, stress relief, spa treatments, etc.
• Alternative Medicine: Treatment to seek AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) services

Across these categories, India is largely visited by medical visitors from Afghanistan, Pakistan, Oman, Bangladesh, Maldives, Nigeria, Kenya and Iraq. Key medical tourism destinations within India include hospitals and diagnostic centres in Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities such as Delhi NCR , Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, Chandigarh , Jaipur, etc. Naturally, several underlying factors are making India a popular medical tourism destination. These are as follows:

• Infrastructural Facilities and Digital Enablement: Ranging from the problems of the eye, heart, and kidney to organ transplantation, orthopedics, and cancer, the Indian healthcare ecosystem is delivering world-class care and treatment at lower costs (almost 20% less for major surgical treatments as compared to those of developed equipped with internationally recognized facilities). Currently, India has around 37 Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospitals and 513 National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH) accredited hospitals that provide care at par or above global quality standards and benchmarks. India is also home to some of the most renowned super-specialty hospitals and services that provide patients with the latest and most advanced treatment options using the latest technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), and Robotics for greater accuracy and holistic well-being.
• Trained Manpower: India is not only the center of world-class amenities but is also home to some of the most renowned and revered doctors in the world that are pioneers in their respective areas of specialization and clinical expertise. With over 1.2 million Allopathic doctors, 0.17 million dental surgeons, 2 million nurses, and 0.8 million formally trained Ayurvedic doctors, the country has the largest pool of doctors and paramedical staff in South Asia. Most of the doctors in the nation have trained and worked at some of the most prestigious medical institutions in the US, UK , and other developed nations, thus making them highly competent and capable in providing care to patients coming from the far corners of the globe.
• Alternative Medicine and Therapeutic Treatments: India has positioned itself as the focal point of AYUSH, naturopathy, Vedanta, and meditation techniques, curated and restored from the most ancient of sciences and arts. From yoga ashrams to spas and wellness centers offering holistic therapies, India offers a multitude of sites and locations to retreat, recharge, and rejuvenate. The strong branding of AYUSH by the Government is drawing patients to India from across the world. Several players like Apollo and the Manipal Group are setting up wellness centers equipped with traditional healthcare remedies.
• Quality of Care: Besides being the most affordable and accessible destination to seek clinical care and wellness treatment, India has emerged as the forerunner in providing care, which is inclusive, personal, and compassionate, truly living by “Athithi Devo Bhava” (Guest is akin to God). Medical personnel in India strive to maintain the highest standards by putting the patients’ needs and interests ahead of everything and by listening to them empathetically and compassionately.

To poise and establish India as the hub of medical tourism , the Government of India has been taking crucial steps and interventions to reduce the time of waiting and to ensure hassle-free travel, stay, and treatment for the medical patient and attendant. Some of the key initiatives include:

• e-Medical and Medical Attendant Visa: The e-tourist visa launched in 2014 has expanded to include medical visits and medical attendant visas to streamline, ease, and expedite the travel procedures and protocols for allowing multiple entries and long-term stay of Medical Tourists. Additionally, separate immigration counters and facilitation desks have also been set up at major Indian airports to provide end-to-end support and facilitation. Owing to these facilities and logistical support systems, the number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in India on the medical visa have grown to an astounding 697,000 in 2019 from 495,056 in 2017.
• The National Medical and Wellness Tourism Board: The National Medical and Wellness Tourism Board has been constituted under the Chairmanship of the Minister for Tourism to provide a dedicated and comprehensive institutional framework to promote and enhance Medical Tourism including the Indian system of medicine covered by AYUSH. The Board acts as the umbrella organization that governs and promotes Medical Tourism, with representations from the Ministry of AYUSH, Quality Council of India (QCI), and the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH).
• Digital Enablement: The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and the Services Export Promotion Council (SEPC) have developed a healthcare portal for seekers and potential medical tourists from across the globe which functions as a comprehensive, one-point information site that covers hospital-related and travel-related information on India. The digital portal covers 124 accredited medical facilities across 93 medical centers, 30 Ayurveda and wellness centers, and 1 special category center.
• Fiscal Support and Non-Fiscal Initiatives: To encourage Medical Tourism in the country, the Ministry of Tourism aims to provides financial support to approved Wellness Tourism Service Providers (WSTPs) and Medical Tourism Service Providers (MTSPs) under the Marketing Development Assistance Scheme (MDA). The Government has also been taking dedicated initiatives to promote indigenous medicine and related therapeutic procedures. The Ministry of AYUSH has recently been allocated INR 2,970 Crore in the Union Budget for FY 2021-22, as compared to INR 2,122 Crore in the Union Budget for FY 2020-21, tapping centuries of the wisdom of spiritual philosophy that is unique and unparalleled to the nation. Furthermore, the Ministry of Tourism has constituted a Wellness and Medical Tourism Promotion Committee (WMTPC) and chalked out detailed guidelines to promote Wellness and Medical Tourism as niche tourism products among international tourists and to make India a holistic tourism destination for 365 days offering varied medical services and techniques.

The growth drivers and interventions undertaken by the Government stand as testimony to India’s positioning as the healthcare destination of the world and truly invite the world to 'Heal in India'.

• Medical Value Travel in India: Enhancing Value in MVT, Report by FICCI
• Investment Opportunities in India’s Healthcare Sector, Report by NITI Aayog
• http://www.indiahealthcaretourism.com/
• https://tourism.gov.in/wellness-tourism
• https://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-02/REVISED%20GUIDELINES%20FOR%20WELLNESS%20MEDICAL%20TOURISM%20AS%20ON%2006.12.2016.pdf
• https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/panorama/india-s-rise-as-hub-of-medical-tourism-738603.html
• https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/travel-tourism/medical-tourism-in-india-sees-recovery-amid-covid-19-pandemic/2101384
• https://www.statista.com/statistics/313724/total-contribution-of-travel-and-tourism-to-gdp-in-india-by-segment

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Medical Tourism in India

Last updated on January 14, 2023 by ClearIAS Team

Medical tourism is described as any activity that involves a foreign visitor traveling and spending at least one night at the destination to rejuvenate, restore, or maintain health through medical intervention. Since the last decade of the 20th century, India has emerged as a global leader in the medical tourism sector. Read here to learn about the growth of medical tourism in India.

Over the past decade, India has gained a reputation for providing high-quality medical service at low costs to medical tourists traveling from across the globe.

However, with the travel bans during the covid-19 pandemic , the influx of medical tourists had dipped. According to the Tourism Ministry, India registered a negative growth of 79.4% in 2020.

Although, the situation looks positive once more owing to the efforts made to handle the pandemic situation. Market insights suggest the demand forecast to increase at a robust 19 % CAGR in 2022.

Table of Contents

Medical tourism in India

India’s healthcare industry offers a combination of both modern and traditional forms of medicine which sets the country apart from others.

• First, it has a set of world-class doctors and hospitals that provide treatment at fractional rates when compared to other countries.
• Secondly, India’s systems of medicine: AYUSH i.e., Ayurveda, Yoga, Panchakarma, Rejuvenation Therapy, etc, which are the most ancient forms of medicine, are now gaining immense popularity globally.

The government also recently announced plans to launch an AYUSH Mark which is a mark to provide credibility to AYUSH products in India and promote India’s medical tourism sector.

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Additionally, the other medical services and facilities are also backed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA).

India’s healthcare industry has advanced significantly over the past 30 years, as seen by the notable accomplishments it has made.

• One of the industries that have contributed the most to revenue and are expanding quickly is healthcare.
• Both public and private providers support the healthcare industry. Over the past few years, national health policies have been crucial in establishing a more inclusive healthcare system to achieve structured Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
• In addition, India provides less expensive treatment alternatives than the US and the UK without sacrificing the standard of healthcare. About one-fourth, less is spent on therapy in India than it is in the United States.

In terms of alternate medical treatment, the Indian medical treatment systems of yoga, ayurveda, rejuvenation therapy, and panchakarma are among the most ancient methods of medical treatment in the world.

The southern state of Kerala has developed medical tourism services as one of its core products for promoting tourism in the region.

Based on the Medical Tourism Index 2020-21, India is ranked 10th out of the top 46 countries, 12th out of the world’s top 20 wellness tourism markets, and 5th out of 10 wellness tourism destinations in Asia-Pacific.

• India boasts 39 Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited and 657 National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH) accredited hospitals.

India holds an advantage as a medical tourism destination due to the following factors:

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• Most of the doctors and surgeons at Indian hospitals are trained or have worked at some of the medical institutions in the US, Europe, or other developed nations.
• Most doctors and nurses are fluent in English.
• Top-of-the-line medical and diagnostic equipment from global international conglomerates is available at many Indian hospitals.
• Indian nurses are among the best in the world. Nearly 1000 recognized nurses-training centers in India, mostly attached to teaching hospitals, graduate nearly 10,000 nurses annually.
• Even the most budget-conscious traveler can afford first-rate service and luxury amenities

Most of the tourists are from Asian or African countries such as Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Maldives, Indonesia, and Kenya, among others.

Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi, Ahmedabad, and Bengaluru are the top 5 medical tourism destinations in India.

Wellness tourism

Wellness Tourism includes travel for a less stressful lifestyle, promoting a healthier, and finding balance in one’s life.

Ayurveda, Yoga, meditation, Panchakarma, and Rejuvenation Therapy are among the most ancient systems of medical treatment in India and the best way to promote Wellness Tourism.

The Ministry of Tourism has drafted guidelines for wellness tourism. These guidelines address issues regarding making available quality publicity material, training and capacity building for the service providers, participation in international & domestic Wellness related events, etc.

Mushrooming of wellness centers in the country has given rise to the concern for quality service.

• The Guideline for the Accreditation of wellness centers has been developed by National Board for Accreditation of Hospitals & Healthcare Services (NABH) in consultation with AYUSH and released during the workshop on wellness tourism organized by the Ministry of Tourism in 2011.
• The Ministry of Tourism has also extended its Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme to wellness tourism service providers including accredited wellness centers.

Impact of Covid-19 on medical tourism

Planned hospital operations decreased by as much as 80% during the state-wide lockdown in India caused by the new coronavirus outbreak, while unplanned systems decreased by 66%.

With the government of India’s assistance, the healthcare sector launched a comprehensive response strategy to combat the epidemic.

• Specialized COVID-19 hospitals and isolation facilities were established, and resource mapping using technology was started.
• The Indian government created several programs and used technology to combat the pandemic.
• The Aarogya Setu app was utilized across the nation to improve contact tracing, syndromic mapping, and infection self-evaluation.
• India not only met its own needs but also stepped up to help other nations during these difficult times.

Despite having several initiatives in place, the Medical Tourism industry of the country still faces some serious challenges.

• One of the major challenges that India is facing is promoting and creating awareness about state-of-the-art facilities in India.
• India is witnessing strong competition from destinations like Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Turkey, and South Korea with low-cost options.
• In India, there is a lack of cohesiveness amongst the major players in the industry to come together and represent India on a world platform to acquire newer customers.
• Apart from these, inconsistent fee structure and lack of transparency in billing to foreign patients, and absurdly high margins to trade to refer patients are some of the challenges.
• Most Indian hospitals are also facing a lack of trust from foreign patients. The hospitals have observed poor hygiene awareness in medical attendants, unhygienic food handling, and lack of good hospitality services, heterogeneous pricing of services, and industry standards.

The government can play a vital part to upgrade the medical tourism sector. But the industry is facing the following problems which are caused by the governments. They are:

• no regulations
• taxation anomalies
• bureaucratic roadblocks
• no work on land reforms
• lack of long-term investor-friendly policies
• instability concerning terrorism and communal tensions.

On the part of insurance and allied services, the medical tourism industry in India is also facing some key bottlenecks. They are:

• inadequate insurance cover
• the underdeveloped insurance market in India
• insurance frauds
• overseas companies refusing reimbursement.

The following challenges, due to the infrastructural parts of the medical tourism sector in India, are:

• lack of access
• dearth of capital
• Lack of community participation and awareness
• Non-participation in the rural sector
• lack of concern for sustainability
• complex visa procedures
• lack of good language translators
• airport facilities still being inadequate

Government initiatives for medical tourism

The government has implemented various initiatives to overcome the challenges and push India’s rise as a hub of medical tourism through the promotion of ayurveda, yoga, and other Indian systems of medicine in the international market.

Heal India Initiative:

• Heal in India is a new initiative developed under Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission in which there will be healthcare professionals, and hospital services to help patients seeking medical help in India.
• With this type of initiative, Government aims at promoting Medical Tourism in India via Heal in India Portal.
• It’s another Programme called Heal by India Government that aims to encourage Indian Health care Workers to go abroad and serve patients globally.

Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme

• MDA scheme offers financial assistance to approved tourism service providers.

Medical Visa provisions

• Special provision has been made for tourists traveling to India for healthcare purposes.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs has introduced a new category of visa, Medical Visa, that can be issued to foreigners traveling to India for healthcare reasons.

Setting up a feedback mechanism to obtain testimonials from tourists traveling to the country for medical purposes.

• This ‘one-step’ portal would add convenience and provide credible information for medical tourists coming to India.

Way forward

To become the top-most medical travel destination, there is a need for significant investments into making the healthcare industry and equipment attractive for international patients.

• Patients spend most of their time in guest houses and are prone to further infections from such places.
• Thus, proper infrastructure and standardization need to be brought into the tourism industry and the nexus of guest house service providers urgently.
• Another aspect that needs to be tapped into is the opportunity for selling Indian health insurance to foreigners. This can generate an additional $9 billion in patient inflow to India.

The government is pulling out all its aces to maximize the industry’s potential. The aim is to make India the No.1 Destination for Medical Tourism in the world, tripling its revenue to $13 billion within 4 years.

The government has also proposed an outlay of US$ 28.7 billion for health and well-being, which is 137% higher than the previous year’s budget outlay.

In the post-Covid world, the demand for the healthcare industry is bound to surge and there is a huge potential for India to realize and aggressively advance towards attracting medical tourists from other parts of the world including Europe and the Americas.

With the government making it their priority to make India the hub of medical tourism, the initiatives combined with the surging demand are sure to make India the center for all medical tourists in the future.

-Article written by Swathi Satish

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Table of Contents

India’s medical tourism industry has grown rapidly over the past decade, with nearly 2 million patients visiting from neighbouring countries each year and generating $13 billion in forex annually.

However, to become the top medical travel destination, improvements are needed in the ecosystem surrounding patient experience and accommodation. Investment in medical travel facilitators and standardised guesthouses is crucial, as is pursuing the opportunity for selling Indian health insurance to foreigners, potentially generating an additional $9 billion. 

Cross-border telemedicine also presents a large opportunity, given India’s skilled workforce and cost advantage.

In this blog, we will explore the benefits and risks of medical tourism in India, as well as provide tips for those considering travelling to India for medical treatment.

Medical tourism is a growing industry, and India is one of the most popular destinations for medical tourism. India has a well-established healthcare system, and many hospitals in India are accredited by international organisations such as Joint Commission International (JCI) and National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). 

Additionally, India offers world-class medical treatment at a fraction of the cost of Western countries.

How is India becoming a popular medical hub for patients?

India is rapidly becoming a popular medical hub for patients due to a variety of factors.

• Firstly, the country has a world-class healthcare industry that offers top-quality treatment at a fraction of the cost compared to other countries. This is due to the availability of highly skilled doctors and modern hospitals.
• Secondly, India’s traditional systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda, Yoga, and Panchakarma, which are some of the oldest forms of medicine in the world, are gaining immense popularity globally.

The combination of modern and traditional medicine makes India a unique destination for medical tourism, with patients seeking a holistic approach to healthcare.

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has implemented various measures to promote medical tourism in India. These include:

Special provision of Medical Visa available in 165 countries, a feedback mechanism to obtain testimonials from medical tourists, and the ‘Heal in India’ initiative which aims to position the country as a global hub for medical and wellness tourism.

The initiative includes an online portal for foreigners seeking medical treatments, which provides a one-stop-shop for all services from treatment package costs to grievance redressals and feedback.

The initiative also aims to diversify its operations by sending Indian doctors abroad to treat patients.

Benefits of Medical Tourism in India:

• Cost-effective treatment : The cost of medical treatment in India is significantly lower than in Western countries. Patients can save up to 80% of the cost of medical treatment in India compared to the USA.
• Quality healthcare : Indian hospitals offer world-class healthcare facilities and services. Many hospitals in India have internationally trained doctors and nurses, and are equipped with the latest medical equipment and technology.
• No waiting time : In many Western countries, patients have to wait months or even years for medical treatment. However, in India, patients can receive medical treatment immediately, without having to wait.
• Travel and tourism opportunities : Patients can combine their medical treatment with travel and tourism. India is a popular tourist destination, with a rich cultural heritage and diverse cuisine.

Risks of Medical Tourism in India:

• Language barriers : Patients who do not speak the local language may face communication difficulties with doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals.
• Infection control : Infection control standards in some Indian hospitals may not be up to the same standards as those in Western countries.
• Cultural differences : Patients may experience cultural differences in medical treatment and patient care.
• Travel risks : Patients may face travel risks, such as jet lag, long flights, and exposure to different climates and diseases.

Tips for Medical Tourism in India:

• Choose a reputable hospital : Do your research and choose a hospital that is accredited by international organisations such as JCI and NABH.
• Consult with your doctor : Consult with your doctor before travelling to India for medical treatment. Your doctor can advise you on the risks and benefits of medical tourism and help you make an informed decision.
• Plan your trip : Plan your trip in advance and make sure to arrange for transportation, accommodation, and other logistics.
• Communicate effectively : Communicate effectively with healthcare professionals and make sure to ask questions if you do not understand something.
• Follow infection control guidelines : Follow infection control guidelines, such as washing your hands regularly and wearing a mask if necessary.

Conclusion:

India, despite being a developing country, offers world-class and standardised medical services and care, aided by the latest technology.

In conclusion, the demand for the healthcare industry is expected to surge in the post-Covid world, and India has a significant potential to attract medical tourists from around the globe, including Europe and the Americas. The government’s efforts to make India the hub of medical tourism, combined with the increasing demand, are likely to make India a leading destination for medical tourism in the future. This development not only saves lives but also generates valuable jobs and more than $13 billion in forex, highlighting the potential benefits of medical tourism for India’s economy and healthcare sector.

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• January 28, 2020
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Table of Contents

Medical tourism (also called health tourism or global healthcare) refers to the rapidly-growing practice of travelling across international borders to seek healthcare services. Services typically sought by travellers include elective procedures as well as complex surgeries, etc. 

Medical tourism has become a thriving industry in the recent past. Tourists from around the world cross borders in search of the right kind of medical treatment. The global medical tourism market is estimated to be around $45.5 billion to $72 billion. Leading destinations within the medical tourism market include Malaysia , India, Singapore , Thailand , Turkey , and the United States. These countries offer a range of medical services that include dental care, cosmetic surgery , elective surgery and fertility treatment. 

India is now being put up on the international map as a heaven for those seeking quality and affordable healthcare . India is a recognized place for treatment cum leisure. The Indian hospitality and healthcare facilities together are responsible for increasing the rate of increase in Medical Tourism in India. While there are many factors which are responsible for the growth of Medical Tourism in India, below are some major reasons why India is becoming is the hub for medical tourism.

Lower cost of treatment

With the cost of medical treatment in the developed Western world remaining high, the Indian medical tourism sector has an edge because of cost-effective medical care. Studies have shown that healthcare in India saves 65-90 per cent money compared to similar service in the Western countries.

Indian doctors are recognised as among the best at the international level. Medical technology, equipments, facilities and infrastructure in India are at par with international standards. With more than 28 JCI accredited hospitals, India provides treatment of high quality using the latest technology and technique. 

Waiting time

In developed countries like US, UK and Canada patients have to wait for major surgeries. India has no waiting time or very less waiting time for surgeries.

Despite linguistic diversity in India, English is considered as an official language. Due to which communication becomes easy with foreign patients as it is an international language.

Government of India, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of Tourist are working hard to make India a more prominent medical destination. For this purpose, medical visa (M-visa) has been introduced, which allows a medical tourist to be in India for a specific period. Apart from this, visa on arrival is granted for citizens from few countries, which allows them to stay in India for 30 days.

Alternative Health Practices

Traditional Indian health practices such as Ayurveda, yoga, Unani, Siddha and homeopathy also attract a number of medical tourists. 

Manpower and alternative options

India has a number of hospitals, a large pool of doctors, nurses & supporting staff with required specialization and expertise. The most popular treatments sought in India by medical tourists are alternative medicine, bone-marrow transplant, cardiac bypass surgery, eye surgery and orthopaedic surgery. 

Attraction of ‘Incredible India’

India, with its ancient and modern heritage, diversities of culture and exotic destinations is always an attraction to international travellers. Medical travel offers a mix of pleasure, luxury and quality healthcare for medical patients coming to India. 

This traditional knowledge of health care, along with India’s reputation in modern, Western approaches, is fuelling the country’s rise in medical tourism. At present, the Indian medical tourism market is valued at $ 7 -8 billion. Besides the healthcare facilities, coming to India allows tourists to visit exotic destinations   located nearby. People get to go see parts of the world and attractions that they may otherwise never get a chance to visit. Great sightseeing and opportunities to go see parts of the world and experience cultures that you may never otherwise experience can enhance the benefits of medical tourism. Many people relish and jump on the opportunity to learn more about how people live in the other parts of the world, and this can sometimes be the best part of a medical tourist trip.

India is on the right path to becoming a destination of choice for medical tourism. India today, is rightly called ‘the pharmacy to the world’. In order to achieve the stated vision of being ‘the provider to the world’ by delivering quality care at affordable cost, integrated effort by all key stakeholders including the government, health & tourism industry, service providers, facilitators and regulators is the need of the hour. 

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WELLNESS TOURISM

• The potential of wellness systems, developed through centuries of wisdom of this ancient civilization would be fully tapped. This is being done by positioning India as a centre of Ayurveda, Yoga, Sidha, Naturopathy, etc. together with the spiritual philosophy that has been integral to the Indian way of life.  
• Ministry of Tourism has drafted guideline for wellness tourism. These guidelines address issues regarding making available quality publicity material, training and capacity building for the service providers, participation in international & domestic Wellness related events, etc.  
• Mushrooming of wellness centers in the country have given rise to the concern for quality service. The Guideline for Accreditation of wellness centers have been developed by National Board for Accreditation of Hospitals & Healthcare Services (NABH) in consultation with AYUSH and released during the workshop on wellness tourism organized by Ministry of Tourism on 15 Feb 2011.  
•   The Ministry of Tourism has also extended its Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme to wellness tourism service providers including accredited wellness centers. Presently the wellness centers accredited by State Tourism Departments are also eligible for the MDA. After the accreditation guidelines of NABH is in place, all wellness centers seeking MDA would be asked to be as close to the accreditation guidelines of NABH as possible.  
• The initiative of accreditation of wellness centre by NABH and AYUSH has been greatly driven be the Ministry of Tourism as also consultation with the Wellness Tourism Service Providers, State Governments and other stakeholders. 

MEDICAL TOURISM

Medical tourism (also called medical travel, health tourism or global healthcare) is a term used to describe the rapidly-growing practice of travelling across international borders to seek healthcare services. Services typically sought by travelers include elective procedures as well as complex surgeries, etc.

India holds advantage as a medical tourism destination due to following factors:

• Most of the doctors and surgeons at Indian hospitals are trained or have worked at some of the medical institutions in the US, Europe, or other developed nations.  
• Most doctors and nurses are fluent in English.  
• Top -of-the-line medical and diagnostic equipment from global international conglomerates is available at many Indian hospitals.  
• Indian nurses are among the best in the world. Nearly 1000 recognized nurses-training centers in India, mostly attached to teaching hospitals, graduate nearly 10,000 nurses annually.  
• Even the most budget-conscious traveler can afford first-rate service and luxury amenities

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Medical Tourism: Travel to Another Country for Medical Care

Traveling to another country to get medical care can be risky. Learn about the risks and how to minimize them.

Traveling Internationally for Medical Care

Each year, millions of US residents travel to another country for medical care which is called medical tourism. Medical tourists from the United States most commonly travel to Mexico and Canada, and to several other countries in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

The reasons people may seek medical care in another country include:

• Cost: To get a treatment or procedure that may be cheaper in another country
• Culture: To receive care from a clinician who shares the traveler’s culture and language
• Unavailable or unapproved procedures: To get a procedure or therapy that is not available or approved in the United States

The most common procedures that people undergo on medical tourism trips include dental care, cosmetic surgery, fertility treatments, organ and tissue transplantation, and cancer treatment.

Medical Tourism Can Be Risky

The risk of complications depends on the destination, the facility where the procedure is being performed, and whether the traveler is in good health for the procedure(s). Other issues that can increase a traveler’s risk of complications include:

Infectious Diseases.  All medical procedures have some risk of infection. Complications from procedures performed in other countries include wound infections, bloodstream infections, donor-derived infections (in the case of transplantations or transfusions), and diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV.

Antimicrobial resistance.   Highly drug-resistant bacteria and fungi have caused disease outbreaks among medical tourists. Antimicrobial resistance happens when germs develop the ability to not respond to drugs such as antibiotics used to treat infections. Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem. Healthcare facilities in another country may not have adequate infection control practices and medical tourists could be at risk for getting a drug-resistant infection.

Quality of Care. Some countries’ requirements for maintaining licensure, credentialing, and accreditation may also be less than what would be required in the United States. In some countries, counterfeit medicines and lower quality medical devices may be used.

Communication challenges. Communicating with staff at the destination and healthcare facility may be challenging. Receiving care at a facility where you do not speak the language fluently could lead to misunderstandings about your care.

Air Travel.  Flying after surgery can increase the risk for blood clots, including  deep vein thrombosis . Delaying air travel for 10-14 days following major surgeries, particularly those involving the chest, will minimize risks associated with changes in atmospheric pressure.

Continuity of Care.  Travelers may need to get health care in the United States if they develop complications after returning. Follow-up care for complications might be expensive. Treatment might be prolonged and might not be covered by your health insurance.

How You Can Minimize Medical Tourism Risks

Research the clinician and facility.

• Check the qualifications of the clinician who will be doing the procedure and the credentials of the facility where the procedure will be done. Accrediting groups, including Joint Commission International, DNV GL International Accreditation for Hospitals, and the International Society for Quality in Healthcare, have lists of standards that healthcare facilities need to meet to be accredited. Please note that all surgeries carry the risk of complications and accreditation does not guarantee a positive outcome.
• If you go to a country where you do not speak the language, determine ahead of time how you will communicate with your clinician and others who will be caring for you.

Before you travel

• Get a pretravel consultation. See your healthcare provider or a travel medicine clinician at least 4–6 weeks before the trip to discuss general information for healthy travel and learn about specific risks you may face because of your health status, the procedure, and travel before and after the procedure.
• Obtain international  travel health insurance  that covers medical evacuation back to the United States.
• Find out what activities are not recommended around the time of the medical procedure, such as swimming or hiking, and plan accordingly.

Maintain your health and medical records

• Bring copies of your medical records with you, including results of lab tests and other tests related to your condition and care. Inform the medical staff at your destination of allergies you may have.
• Pack a  travel health kit  with your prescription and over-the-counter medicines in their original packaging. Bring enough medicine to last your whole trip, plus a little extra in case of delays. Also, bring copies of all your prescriptions and a list of medications you take, including their brand names, generic names, manufacturers, and dosages.
• Get copies of all your medical records from the medical facility at your destination before you return home. You may need to get them translated into English.

Arrange for follow-up care before you travel

• Identify where you will be staying immediately after the procedure.
• Make sure you can get any needed follow-up care in the United States. Follow-up care for medical complications can be expensive and might not be covered by your health insurance. Travelers considering procedures outside the United States should understand the potential financial costs associated with follow-up care or emergency care in the event of complications, review their health insurance policies to determine what, if anything, is covered and plan for the possibility of paying for additional care out-of-pocket.
• Supplemental travel health insurance may also be available to cover follow-up or emergency care from procedures received abroad.

Related Resources

• CDC Yellow Book: Medical Tourism
• American Medical Association Ethical Guidance on Medical Tourism
• Organization for Safety, Asepsis, & Prevention's Traveler’s Guide to Safe Dental Care
• The International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery guidelines for travelers
• International Travel (US Department of State)
• Your Health Abroad (US Department of State)

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