tourist places near rustaq

Top 20 Places to See in Rustaq, Oman

•  Rustaq Fort
•  Rustaq Grand Mosque
•  Rustaq Palace
•  Wadi Al-Mashayel
•  Wadi Al-Mawil
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Bird Watching
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Camel Riding
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Camping Sites
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Caves
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Fishing
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Hiking Trails
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Horse Riding
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Hot Springs
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Picnic Areas
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Rock Climbing
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Swimming Pools
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Waterfall
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel Wildlife Sanctuary
•  Wadi Al-Mudayel
•  Wadi Bani Kharus

•  Jabal al Akhdhar
•  Jabal al Hafeet
•  Jabal al Jais
•  Jabal al Lawz
•  Jabal al Makhdhar
•  Jabal al Qahwan
•  Jabal al Qalb
•  Jabal al Qamar
•  Jabal al Qarah
•  Jabal al Qasab
•  Jabal al Yabreen
•  Jabal al Yashkur
•  Jabal al Yibir
•  Jabal al Yidma
•  Jabal al Yithran
•  Jabal al Yutaylah
•  Jabal al Zabirah
•  Jabal al Zalzalah
•  Jabal al Zawahirah
•  Jabal al Zawahir
•  Jabal al Zawiyah
•  Jabal al Zawr
•  Jabal al Zuqar
•  Jabal al Zuwaidah
•  Jabal al Zuwara
•  Jabal al Zuwayyah
•  Jebel Akhdar
•  Jebel Samhan
•  Jebel Shams
•  Wadi Bani Khalid
•  Wadi Sareen
•  Wahiba Sands
•  Al Buraymi
•  Al Mudhaibi
•  Bawshar
•  Bidbid
•  Buraimi
•  Dhank
•  Haima
•  Khasab
•  Liwya
•  Muscat
•  Nizwa
•  Rustaq
•  Saham
•  Salalah
•  Sohar
•  Suhar
•  Al Hazm Castle
•  Al Mughsayl Beach
•  Mutrah Souq
•  Wadi Tiwi

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Rustaq (Oman)- Rustaq fort + Al Hazm fort + Nakhal fort

Last updated on November 1, 2023 by Claire Robinson - this article contains affiliate links. If you purchase through them, I get a small commission ( more )

Al Rustaq Oman has become famous thanks to the 3 forts on the Rustaq Loop. Not far from Muscat, you can admire the Rustaq Fort, The Nakhal fort and the Al Hazm castle.  Below is my guide to help you plan your visits with tips, map and photos.

Before my tips + photos, here are my favorites for Oman:

My favorite platform to rent a car in Oman: DiscoverCars

My favorite adventure from Muscat: Dolphin and Snorkeling

My favorite excursion from Muscat: Wadi Shab and Bimmah Sinkhole

My favorite places to stay:

• Muscat , the capital – see the best rated hotels or my favorite hotel: The Chedi
• Sur , for the turtles – see the best rated hotels
• Khasab , Musandam peninsula – see the best rated hotels
• Wahiba Sands , in the desert – see the best rated hotels or my favorite camp: Desert Nights Resort

Why visit the Region of Rustaq in Oman?

Just West Of Muscat is a road called the Rustaq Loop. For those interested in historical structures, it includes 3 forts:

• the Rustaq fort,
• the Nakhal fort
• and the Al Hazm castle.

It make for a great day trips from Muscat.

Rustaq used to be the capital of Oman, during the era of Imam Nasir bin Murshid al Ya’arubi.

More photos after the planning tips.

Planning tips and Maps – Rustaq Loop

Getting to rustaq oman – map / location.

• Not far from the coast
• West of Muscat
• Muscat to Rustaq = 1h15 drive
• Nizwa to Rustaq = 2h30 drive
• Below is a map to help you locate Rustaq

This location is included (with GPS coordinates, map of region and planning info) in my travel guide eBook that helps you easily plan your Oman road trip :

Plan your dream trip in Oman thanks to my guide

• 8 maps to easily plan your itinerary
• 190+ pre-selected locations
• Tips to make the most of your time
• GPS coordinates direct to the carparks
• 100+ original photos to help you choose

Driving the Rustaq Loop

• 40 min West of Muscat is Barka, turn inland on Road 13 until Rustaq and turn back towards Road 1 and the see on Road 11
• or do the opposite
• Below is a quick map I draw to show you the Rustaq Loop
• All locations are accessible via normal car – no 4WD needed
• Without any stop the loop Barka to Barka takes 2h40 

Need to rent a car in Oman?

• Compare prices on my favorite platform:   Discovercars.com – one of the best rated comparison sites!
• Choose a car with enough power for the mountain roads
• Consider their full coverage option – for peace of mind! 
• Book early to have a large choice of vehicles!

See all my tips

Visiting the forts of the Rustaq Loop

• Check each section below for information about the forts and their access
• Avoid Fridays to do this loop as a lot of places are closed
• Accommodations in Rustaq – no options

Where to stay in Oman?

My favorites on a road trip:

• Muscat –  capital city –   see best rated accommodations
• Nizwa  – to explore the forts and hinterlands –  see best rated accommodations
• Sur –  for the turtles, beaches, wadis… –  see best rated accommodations
• Wahiba Sands  – for the experience of sleeping in the desert –  see best rated accommodations
• Salalah  – to explore the Southern lands –  see best rated accommodations
• Khasab  – to explore the Musandam Peninsula –  see best rated accommodations

Visiting the Rustaq fort, Oman

About the rustaq fort.

Rustaq used to be a significant town in Oman due to its strategic position between coast and mountains. This is why the Rustaq fort is one of the largest in the country. It is also one of the oldest forts in Oman which has been expanded several times in its history.

It is a large complex with its own irrigation system, mosque and prison. It has 4 towers, the tallest reaching 20 meters in height.

Together with the Al Hazm castle, they have bee submitted to the World Heritage list but from what I can see, they have not been nominated.

The walls surrounding the complex really gives it a charm and intriguing effect.

I don’t drink coffee

But I also like other drinks and sweets! Do you like the free content you find on my blog? All my tips and practical information, without intrusive advertising…

Best view of the Rustaq fort

You can admire the imposing structure from further away by taking the road up to a mausoleum (GPS coordinates in the eBook ) You will get the views of the Rustaq fort you can see below.

The fort of Rustaq – practical infos

• Opening hours – The fort opened to the public Saturday to Thursday (at least 9am to 4pm) and Friday (at least 8am to 11am).
• Entry fee – 0.5 OMR
• It does not have an official website – so maybe ask your accommodation to call to check if there is no special closure.
• There is a Mosque inside, therefore it does not open on Friday afternoons
• Bring water – the stairs under the heat can be difficult

Visiting the fort

• It has 3 floors
• There is weapon room, a prison and a mosque
• It has towers reaching 20m (65ft) in height
• Like most forts in Oman , It offers beautiful perspectives with mix of round and square features

Rustaq Spring

Not far from the fort, your can also visit a hot water spring.

Al Hazm Castle

About al hazm.

The Al Hazm Castle is located not far from Rustaq. It is a large military fort from the beginning of the 18th century. It is a 2 story rectangular fort with 2 towers. So from the outside the fort is less intriguing.

Visiting Al Hazm

The fort can be visited  – Opening hours: Saturday to Thursday (at least 9am to 4pm) and on Friday (8am to 11am).  Plan quite a lot of time with all the corridors and rooms to discover. Displays are set up in different rooms to show how life used to be. Bathrooms for the public. They also proposed audio guides.

It is considered one of the best forts to visit.

The Nakhal Fort

About the Nakhal fort

The 3rd major fort on the Rustaq Oman Loop in the Nakhal fort. It makes me think of the Nizwa fort but situated on higher grounds. Located on a hill it was designed around it and re-built in the 17th century.

Visiting the Nakhal Fort

It can be visited – Saturday to Thursday (at least 9am to 4pm) and Friday (8am to 11am) – and offers great views of the surroundings.

Want to see more of Oman?

• Best things to do in Oman – read article
• Best of photos from Oman – Landscapes – read article
• Where to stay in Oman –  read article
• Best days trips from Muscat – read article
• Planning a road trip in Oman – read article
• Driving in Oman – read article
• Best Things to do in Muscat – read article
• The impressive Wadi Shab – read article
• The desert of Wahiba Sands – read article
• The Ras Al Jinz turtle reserves – read article

Planning a trip to Oman?

Check out my travel guide to help you plan:

And keep track of your own trip!

Want to see more of Oman’s beauty?

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June 18, 2020 at 8:42 AM

Hey Claire! In the past couple of weeks, I’ve read most of your blogs specially about Oman. I love the way you portray your experience about a country which makes it even more beautiful. Your pictures are everything a reader needs to get fully immersed in the story. I’ve made up my mind to visit Oman after everything settles down and you have contributed a lot in that decision making. Thanks a lot!

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• home » Oman » Tourist places in Rustaq .. Tourist guide for the most beautiful tourist destination in the Sultanate of Oman

Tourist places in Rustaq .. Tourist guide for the most beautiful tourist destination in the Sultanate of Oman

Tourist places in Rustaq in the Sultanate of Oman .. the tourist trip is enjoyable when you combine the natural places for recreation and historical monuments to get to know the past so Arab travelers give you your guide to the ideal place to do this.

Table of Contents

Traveling to Rustaq .. Know the temperatures and the best times to visit in Rustaq, Sultanate of Oman ..

“al mansoor fort” .. the best tourist places in rustaq .., “rustaq castle” .. the most important tourist attraction in rustaq .., “al hazm castle” .. the best tourist attractions in rustaq .., “rustaq villages” .. the most beautiful tourist places in rustaq .., “al kasfah hot spring” .. the best tourist places in rustaq .., fort al hawqayn, the most important tourist place in rustaq., “waterfalls al hawqayn”. the best tourist places in rustaq., tourist places in rustaq ...

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Al Rustaq - Discovering Oman

Travel and respect, explore and smile, be curious and kind. have wild trips, travelling to al rustaq.

In this page you can find every information for a holiday in Al Rustaq, a pretty good destination in Oman (all info about the whole country here) . We will answer the most important questions: what to visit , when to go , how to get to Al Rustaq and what means of transport to use to get around . We will describe typical foods , the costs for tourists and where to find accomodation . We will list also the places to see around Al Rustaq , and we will also talk about safety and how each type of traveler can enjoy a trip here. So, if you are travelling through Oman, here's everything to know about Al Rustaq for a perfect holiday.

General info for a trip to Al Rustaq

What to visit in Al Rustaq

Sure, here are some tourist attractions in Al Rustaq (Oman): 1. Al Hazm Castle - This impressive 18th-century fortress is one of the most popular attractions in Al Rustaq. It was built by Imam Sultan bin Saif Al Ya'rubi and has been beautifully preserved. Today, visitors can explore the castle's grounds and marvel at its architecture and history. 2. Rustaq Hot Springs - Located just outside of Al Rustaq, these hot springs are renowned for their therapeutic properties. The water at the springs is rich in minerals and is believed to have healing effects, particularly for those suffering from skin conditions. 3. Rustaq Fort - Another impressive fortress in Al Rustaq is the Rustaq Fort. The fort dates back to the 13th century and was used by various tribes over the years. Today, visitors can explore the fort's interior, including its vast network of rooms and corridors. 4. Souq Al Aina - This bustling market is a great place to experience local Omani culture. From spices and textiles to jewelry and handicrafts, Souq Al Aina has something for everyone. Visitors can haggle with vendors and leave with authentic souvenirs. 5. Ain Al Kasfa - This beautiful wadi (a valley or ravine) is located in the Hajar Mountains just outside of Al Rustaq. The wadi is known for its clear, flowing water and stunning views. Visitors can hike through the wadi and take a refreshing dip in one of the many pools along the way. 6. Nakhal Fort - While technically not located in Al Rustaq, this magnificent fort is just a short drive away in the town of Nakhal. The fort dates back to the 17th century and is known for its impressive architecture and intricate carvings. Visitors can explore the fort's many rooms and learn about its rich history. Overall, Al Rustaq is a great destination for those interested in history, culture, and natural beauty. In this website, you can find many other destinations to visit in Oman, so you can have a look in the "USEFUL LINKS" sections in this page for other places that could inspire your trip. You can find more information in this page dedicated to the top 10 attractions to visit in Al Rustaq .

When to go on holiday to Al Rustaq

The best time to visit Al Rustaq and Oman in general is during the winter months, from November to March. During this time, the weather is cool and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 20-30°C (68-86°F). This makes it ideal for outdoor activities and exploring the city's natural attractions, such as the Hajar Mountains and hot springs. However, if you don't mind the heat, the summer months (April to October) offer cheaper accommodation and fewer crowds. Just be aware that the temperatures can be extremely hot, reaching up to 45°C (113°F) during the day, and it's important to stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities during this time. You can book here visit and activities to do during your holiday !

How to get to Al Rustaq

There are several ways to get to Al Rustaq in Oman. 1. By Car: You can rent a car from Muscat and follow the Route 15 that leads you to Al Rustaq. It is approximately a 1-hour drive from Muscat to Al Rustaq. 2. By Taxi: You can take a taxi from Muscat to Al Rustaq. Taxis are readily available in Muscat and can be found at taxi stands across the city. 3. By Bus: There are several bus services operating between Muscat and Al Rustaq. The main bus station in Muscat is in Ruwi. You can take Bus 2 from Ruwi to Al Rustaq. The journey takes approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes. 4. By Private Tour: You can also book a private tour that includes transportation to Al Rustaq. This is a good option for those who prefer a more comfortable and hassle-free journey. I would suggest you to check the availability of public transportation before planning your trip. To find the most convenient flights, compare (and book if you like!) the best offers here on Skyscanner . To hire a car to visit Al Rustaq, I recommend to check this: COMPARE HERE ALL OFFERS FOR CAR RENTAL

Typical foods in Al Rustaq

Al Rustaq is a city in Oman known for its flavorful cuisine. Here are some typical foods of Al Rustaq with a short description for each of them: 1. Harees - a hearty dish made from ground wheat and meat, usually beef or lamb. It is slow-cooked for hours until it becomes a thick porridge-like consistency and is often served with spices and ghee. 2. Mashuai - this is a traditional Omani dish that consists of roasted fish (usually kingfish) stuffed with a spicy blend of herbs and served with rice. 3. Shuwa - a succulent and tender meat dish made by marinating meat (usually goat, lamb, or camel) in a blend of spices and then wrapping it in banana leaves before cooking it in an underground pit for several hours. 4. Omani Halwa - a sweet, sticky dessert that is made from sugar, water, rose water, saffron, and cardamom. It is often served with black coffee or tea. 5. Biryani - a fragrant and spicy rice dish that is a staple in Omani cuisine. It is often served with meat (chicken or lamb) and vegetables, and is flavored with a blend of spices and saffron. 6. Saloona - a hearty stew made with vegetables and lamb, beef, or chicken. It is typically served with rice or bread and is a comfort food for many Omani families. 7. Makhboos - a rice dish that is flavored with a blend of spices and tomato paste and is often served with meat (chicken or lamb) and vegetables. It is a popular dish during celebrations and special occasions. You can find general info about typical foods in Oman here .

Is Al Rustaq an expensive destination for tourists?

Al Rustaq is a city in Oman that offers a mix of modern and traditional attractions, including historic forts, traditional markets, and natural beauty. In terms of expenses, Al Rustaq can be considered a mid-range destination compared to the rest of Oman. Accommodation, transportation, and food expenses are typically affordable, especially if you choose to stay in a guesthouse or budget hotel and dine in local restaurants. However, prices for tourist activities such as guided tours, adventure sports, and entrance fees to some attractions can be relatively expensive. Overall, Al Rustaq can be an affordable destination for those who plan wisely.

Where to find accomodation in Al Rustaq

Is al rustaq a safe destination for tourists.

Yes, Al Rustaq in Oman is generally considered a safe place for tourists. Oman, in general, is known for being a friendly and peaceful country with low levels of crime and terrorism. However, as with any travel destination, it's important to take basic precautions to ensure your safety and security, such as staying aware of your surroundings, avoiding isolated areas at night, and keeping your valuables out of sight. It's also a good idea to check the latest travel advice and information from your embassy or consulate before your trip. You can find general info about safety for tourists in Oman here . Always check updated government info about travelers's safety on the ufficial Foreign Affairs website of your government, before visiting Al Rustaq.

What type of travelers will enjoy Al Rustaq the most?

Al Rustaq in Oman is a great place for families and couples who are interested in exploring Oman's rich culture and history. It is also a great destination for those looking for a relaxing getaway in a beautiful natural setting. There are many cultural and heritage sites in Al Rustaq, such as the majestic Rustaq Fort, which is a must-visit for those interested in history and architecture. Visitors can also explore the hot springs, mountains, wadis, and valleys that surround the town, which offer opportunities for adventure and relaxation. While Al Rustaq is not necessarily known for its nightlife and entertainment options, it can be a great spot for those looking for a peaceful and authentic experience of Oman's unique culture and natural beauty.

How to get around Al Rustaq

In Al Rustaq, Oman, you can travel around by car, taxi or public transportation. However, the most convenient and flexible mode of transportation would be by renting a car or using a taxi service as public transportation is limited and not always reliable. Renting a car would allow you to explore the city at your own pace and convenience. Taxis are also widely available and relatively inexpensive.

What to see around Al Rustaq

Sure, here are some nice places to visit in a day trip from Al Rustaq: 1. Nakhal Fort - Visit this beautiful fort which dates back to the 17th century. It's located just 30 minutes from Al Rustaq and offers amazing views of the surrounding mountains. 2. Wadi Bani Auf - This is one of the most beautiful wadis in Oman, just 45 minutes away from Al Rustaq. You can enjoy a hike, picnic, and swimming in the cool waters. 3. Rustaq Hot Springs - Relax in the natural hot springs located in Rustaq, just 10 minutes from Al Rustaq. It's considered a therapeutic spot and perfect for rejuvenation. 4. Al Hazm Castle - This castle is known for its unique architecture and intricate details. It's located just 20 minutes from Al Rustaq and worth visiting. 5. Al-Awabi - This picturesque village is located 30 minutes away from Al Rustaq, and home to traditional Omani souqs where you can buy souvenirs for your loved ones. I hope this helps! For every travel information about Oman you can click here . Wild Trips is the Wikipedia of travel: in the unfortunate case you find an error, please write to us to correct it... Thank you! Follow us on Facebook if you like wild trips around the world and beautiful itineraries in Italy: https://www.facebook.com/wildtrips .

USEFUL LINKS

Here you can find a list of destinations in Oman , each with a link to the page with detailed description about what to see and what to do: Muscat: what to see and do Nizwa: what to see and do Salalah: what to see and do Sur: what to see and do Musandam: what to see and do Khasab: what to see and do Jabrin: what to see and do Bahla: what to see and do Al Hamra: what to see and do Quriyat: what to see and do Wadi Bani Khalid: what to see and do Wahiba Sands: what to see and do Al Rustaq: what to see and do Al Ashkharah: what to see and do Sohar: what to see and do Ibra: what to see and do Masirah: what to see and do Wadi Shab: what to see and do Al Sawadi: what to see and do Al Jazer: what to see and do Shinas: what to see and do Al Mudhaibi: what to see and do Al Kamil: what to see and do Al Buraimi: what to see and do Al Hazm: what to see and do Bidbid: what to see and do Al Awabi: what to see and do Nakhal: what to see and do Wadi Dayqah: what to see and do Wadi Bani Awf: what to see and do Al Wasil: what to see and do Wadi Arbayeen: what to see and do Al Ayn: what to see and do

Contact [email protected] for any queries on a travel itinerary, advices about a trip report or to organize sailing holidays in Italy. Site Map - Privacy

• Post author By Ali
• Post date October 20, 2013
• 2 Comments on Al Rustaq

Al Rustaq (الرستاق) is a city in the South Al Batinah region, surrounded by the central Al Hajir mountain range and an abundance of date palm groves and Aflaj. The city came to the forefront of Omani history when  Imam  Nasser bin Murshid Al Ya’rubi started from here his conquest to unify Oman and repel the Portuguese from the country in the 17th century. Al Rustaq was also once the capital of Oman, and it has many attractions that should make it a much bigger tourist attraction!

Al Rustaq is famous for two impressive and historically important landmarks: Al Hazm Castle (حصن الحزم) and the imposing Al Rustaq Fort (قلعة الرستاق) .

Al Hazm Castle is at the outskirts of Al Rustaq and is one of the most famous castles in the Sultanate. The castle was built by Imam Sultan bin Saif II in the early 18th century, who is buried in this castle along with his son. Al Hazm Castle features a massive beautiful wooden door with intricate writing and it is unique among other Omani castles for having its roof held by columns instead of the traditional wooden roof supports. The massive Al Rustaq Fort, a much older fort dating back to the 13th century, is near the city market and be can be seen from the surrounding hills. The fort is cradled by four tall towers, the tallest being more than 18 meters tall. The fort also has its own falaj  water system within it.

Both Al Rustaq Fort and Al Hazm Castle are included in the Tentative List to be nominated for the UNESCO World Heritage List. Unfortunately, they were both also closed for renovations during our visit (with typically no foreseen re-opening dates!), but if you climb up the mountain overlooking Rustaq you can see amazing views of the city and Al Rustaq Fort as it is clearly the most dominant feature of the landscape.

The Old Souq of Al Rustaq is located right next to Al Rustaq Fort but it was also undergoing renovations during our visit. Shoppers can go to the new temporary souq to buy locally made handicrafts, agriculture produce and pure Omani honey.

A popular destination in Al Rustaq is Ain Al Kasfa (عين الكسفة) hot water spring. The spring has naturally hot water and is visited for its therapeutic benefits due to its sulfur content. No swimming is allowed in the source of the water, but there are designated bathing rooms where the water of the spring is channeled for the public to use. However, do keep in mind that the place can be unusually crowded with people bathing in the rooms, and some even swimming in the spring (which is not allowed!), and it may not seem attractive to try it!

Al Rustaq is also known for its many wadis which adventure enthusiasts will greatly enjoy, some of these include Wadi Bani Awf , Wadi Bani Ghaffir and Wadi Al Sahtan. Again, we didn’t get to visit them (yet!).

Places To Stay

There aren’t really many accommodation options in Al Rustaq, you may find the odd guesthouse if you search online but don’t expect much. However, due to its location you can easily just visit Al Rustaq in a day trip and go back to Muscat or Sohar. Also, the Millennium Resort in Al Mussanah is about 55 KM away, and it would make a nice trip staying there prior to visiting Al Rustaq.

How To Get There

At first glance, Al Rustaq may not seem as an attractive place to visit when compared to Nizwa or Bahla for example, but there are actually plenty of things to see and do, that we really think makes it an enjoyable place to visit!

Have you been to Rustaq? What are your favorite attractions there?

2 replies on “Al Rustaq”

We took the road less traveled and headed inland to Rustaq, and we were greatly rewarded for that decision. It is a beautiful green valley with hot springs and friendly smiling people.

I am to hear that Roger, what surprises me the most about Rustaq is how beautiful the view is from some of surrounding hills! And you must have visited Ain Al Kasfa there 🙂

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Rustaq Loop

The Rustaq Loop is an inland circuit that travels via Nakhal, Ar Rustaq and Al Hazm, three of Oman’s finest forts. There are several magnificent wadis close to this route too. Each of the three major forts takes at least an hour to visit, so set aside a day, or ideally two, for the round trip. You can flag down local taxis anywhere on this route to reach the main towns on the tarmac, but to head into the wadis you need your own transport, preferably 4×4 to really make the most of these.

Nakhal Fort

Built to protect the oasis at Nakhal and trade routes through to the coast, this fort was enlarged several times over the centuries. It is believed to be Sassanid in origin; the water well in the fort’s highest section is possibly from that era. The fort was restored in 1990, changing the colour from well-worn grey to the standard Omani fort khaki, at which time rooms were also labelled and furnished with crafts and antiquities.

From a distance, Nakhal Fort is dwarfed by the mountainous backdrop, but the closer you get, the more impressive it becomes – it is probably the most photogenic of Oman’s forts. The fort has a number of bastions and towers, with walls that follow the natural contours of the rocky outcrop on which it sits.

Entering through the gate built in 1834, you pass through a couple of additional entrances on the way up to the keep. The date stores, always present in Oman’s forts, are passed en route. A  barzah , the reception room used by the governor for regular meetings, is in the upper area. Its windows catch slight breezes coming from the sea. At both the western and eastern edges of the castle bailey (courtyard) is a round tower.

The keep (upper area of buildings), again entered through a gate, were the private rooms and living accommodation of the governor’s family. This is the most charming area, furnished with cushions and ornaments, and with a guest room boasting a decorated ceiling.

Ar Rustaq Fort

Sitting at the northern base of Al Jabal Al Akhdar and still dominating the town today, Ar Rustaq Fort is said to have been founded before the arrival of Islam in Oman, making it one of the country’s oldest. Its original name is Qalat Al Kusra (Kusra’s Fort), possibly referring to Khusraw Anushirvan (Khosrow I), the Sassanid ruler who died in 579 AD. The second Yarubi imam moved his capital here from Bahla and started a rebuild of the fort. Subsequent rulers from this dynasty continued to have Ar Rustaq as their capital.

With such an extended history, it’s not surprising that the fort itself has a complicated layout. After making payment at the gate in the curtain wall, you enter the bailey, which entirely surrounds the fort. After rain the west side may have flowers and butterflies. An old  falaj  system, whose water still flows strongly and is warm, runs from here into the building. The castle inhabitants used to collect this water in pottery jars and hang it in a shady place to cool, after which it could be drunk.

Inside the fort few rooms are signed and, given that it has had many additions over the centuries, it is somewhat disorienting, to the extent that you may not be certain of seeing all that there is to see. On the ground floor of the fort are prison cells, stores and an armoury. The most decorated rooms, with painted dark red and white ceilings, are the imam’s rooms, located on the first floor, immediately above the fort’s entrance door. The central beam on the ceiling carries Quranic inscriptions listing some of the 99 attributes of God, such as the King, the Wise and the Holy. Another noteworthy spot, near this room, is the tiny women’s mosque, barely big enough for two to enter, with its minute mihrab to the left.

The highest tower of all is in the southwest of the fort, accessed up an ancient flight of stairs. This is the oldest part of the fort, the core that is possibly Persian in origin. Without any windows it was clearly built for defence rather than comfort. You can carefully walk along the parapet around the courtyard, giving you superb views over the oasis.

Al Hazm Fort

Your first sight of Al Hazm Fort is its battlements peering over the scattered date palms in Al Hazm village. The date given for its building, by Sultan bin Saif Al Yarubi, is 1708 (he would become ruler in 1711), and it is a superb example of Omani Islamic architecture. Its exterior is plain, even a little disappointing, although once you are close up its scale more than compensates. In Arabic ‘Al Hazm’ has a meaning ‘the vanquishing one’ and when you have completed your tour you will understand why the fortress was never captured. Opposite the entrance gate, behind some small shade trees, is the office for payment. You may be fortunate and, if you ask, the fort’s guide might show you around the building.

Impressive doors with elegant arabesque decoration and wonderful ‘elephant spikes’ provide the entrance; included in their decoration is the date that they were made, April from this floor; clearly the architect built in anticipation of hard, closely fought attacks. The next floor includes the entrances to the two massive gun towers, on diagonally opposite corners of the building.

The southeast tower houses British iron cannons, including one from 1630, a period when cheaper iron cannons with their superior firepower were being produced by Britain. A secret passageway links the east and west towers. This passageway is the coolest place in the fort, as it is set between the first and ground floors, with massively thick walls, its only connection to the outside world being some small ventilation holes. There are also secret passages leading outside.

The roof gives extensive vistas north across the plain towards the coast and south towards Jabal Shams, some 40km away, high above the mountains over Ar Rustaq.

Inland from Barka: The Rustaq Loop

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One of the most enjoyable weekends I have spent and it was not just because of the beauty of Oman´s beaches, dunes and wadi but also because of perfect job...

Easily the most rewarding attraction in Al Batinah is the so-called Rustaq Loop , a fine day’s drive combining magnificent mountain scenery with three of Oman’s finest castles – at Nakhal , Rustaq and Al Hazm . There are also a few other minor sights en route, while the surrounding mountains offer endless possibilities for off-road driving through spectacular wadis. Unfortunately, the loop has (temporarily, at least) lost some of its lustre thanks to the closure for renovation of the castles at Rustaq and Al Hazm. Hopefully these will have been restored to working order by sometime in 2012, although as with all Omani restoration projects, it’s best not to hold one’s breath.

Nakhal Fort

Wadi mistal and wekan.

The loop is strung out along single-carriageway Highway 13 , a fast, and usually fairly traffic-free (except between Barka and Nakhal) stretch of road. The only accommodation on the loop itself is a single, rather unappealing option at Rustaq, although the trip can easily be done in a day from either Barka, Seeb or even Muscat.

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Immerse yourself in the natural wonders of Oman’s great outdoors: sleep under starry skies in the middle of the desert just as the native Bedouins do, hike around the crater of the Grand Canyon, watching as the light changes on the Jebel Shams Mountains, and swim in the Wadi Oasis.

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The last point of interest on the Rustaq Loop is the modest little town of Al Hazm , home to another oversized fort . At the time of writing, the fort was closed for extensive renovations, probably until sometime in 2012 at the earliest – although you can at least sneak a peek at the entrance gateway’s magnificently carved wooden doors. The fort was built by the Ya’aruba imam Sultan bin Saif II , who briefly established Al Hazm as capital of Oman in preference to Rustaq, and who is buried inside. This is one of the biggest of all Oman’s fortified structures: a huge stone box containing a disorienting labyrinth of corridors and rooms, complete with the usual living quarters, prisons, mosque and its own dedicated falaj , clustered around a diminutive central courtyard – although there’s not much to see from the outside, which is disappointingly plain.

To reach the fort approaching from Rustaq, turn left at the roundabout in the centre of Al Hazm town. The fort is 1km along this road, clearly visible on your left.

The first major stop on the Rustaq Loop is the small town of NAKHAL (also spelled Nakhl, from nakhl , meaning “palm”). The town is home to one of Oman’s most picture-perfect forts, dramatically situated atop a small natural rock outcrop and backdropped by the jagged peaks of the Jebel Nakhal, a spur of the main Western Hajar range. The fort is about 1km off the main road, just right of the road through the village (and surprisingly easy to miss, despite its size). As with many Omani forts, the history of the castle is somewhat convoluted. The origins of the fort probably date back to pre-Islamic times, although the structure was continuously remodelled over the following centuries, including a substantial rebuilding in the mid-seventeenth century, while the present gateway and towers were apparently added in 1834 during the reign of imam Said bin Sultan, and the entire structure was comprehensively restored in 1990.

Enter through the main gate (where you buy your ticket), then walk up the steps and turn left through an impressively spiked pair of wooden doors and a second gateway to reach the interior of the fort. To your left is the finely carved stone archway which leads up to the fort’s main residential quarters. Opposite this is the Barzah , a large two-storey building which sits atop the fort’s outer walls above the main gateway. This was formerly home to the wali ’s majlis (or “sitting room”, as it’s translated); the room on the lower floor was used in winter, while in the hotter summer months the wali would move to the airier room on the upper floor, which makes the most of whatever sea breezes are blowing in from the coast.

Continue past the Barzah, where you’ll find a kitchen, followed by a small watchtower equipped with loopholes just big enough for a rifle barrel, plus wider openings through which (in traditional Omani fashion) boiling date juice or honey could be poured onto attackers below. Past here is the imposing east tower , reached by a narrow flight of stone steps and equipped with further rifle-sized apertures, plus wider embrasures for the fort’s cannon, one of which survives in situ .

Retrace your steps to the Barzah and head through the archway opposite, from where further steps lead up past a date store and a large jail to reach the wali’s living quarters . This was the castle’s main residential section, with a series of rooms arranged around a small terrace at the highest point of the fort, including the wali ’s own bedroom, along with a living room, guest room and rooms for boys, girls and women, all modestly furnished with old rugs, crockery and fine old wooden chests, plus a couple of antique (and very rickety) four-poster beds. The women’s room, despite being the highest in the fort, is notably less breezy than the wali ’s bedroom opposite, as it faces inland.

Exiting the women’s room, turn left and follow the steps and walls around the rest of the complex and thence back to the entrance. En route you’ll pass the fort’s middle and western towers . The latter is equipped with a neat little wooden ladder built into the internal wall, while there are particularly fine views from the small watchtower immediately outside across the fort’s impressive quantity of spade-shaped battlements and out over the sprawling date plantations and rugged mountains beyond.

Tucked up beneath the northern escarpment of the Hajar mountains, RUSTAQ is one of the most venerable settlements of the interior. The town owes its place in Omani history to the redoubtable imam Nasir bin Murshid al Ya’aruba , founder of the Ya’aruba dynasty, who was elected imam at Rustaq in 1624 and made the town his principal centre of operations during his subsequent 25-year reign. The town was also a favoured base for Ahmed bin Said, founder of the later Al Bu Said dynasty.

Rustaq’s importance was the result of its strategic position between the coast and the mountains, guarding the exit points of several nearby wadis through which goods would have been transported from the jebel above. The town developed into a major centre for local commerce, craftsmanship and other trades, home to some of the country’s finest metalworkers and silversmiths, and also renowned as the source of some of Oman’s best halwa and finest honey – bee-keeping remains a popular local occupation to this day.

Sadly few remains of the town’s illustrious history survive, however. Modern Rustaq is a sprawling and rather characterless place, and far less interesting than its old rival, Nizwa, while the closure for extensive renovations of the town’s majestic fort has robbed it of its one stellar attraction, for the time being at least.

Rustaq is effectively divided into two distinct sections: the “old” town and fort, which lies just south off Highway 13, and a “new” town, about 3km further north along Highway 13 on the way to Al Hazm, clustered around the turn-off to Ibri and the modern Rustaq Mosque, a vast white structure with a pair of soaring minarets.

Tucked away at the back of the old town (and clearly signposted from Highway 13) is Rustaq’s mighty fort , one of the biggest in the country, with a huge, soaring central keep surrounded by extensive walls. The fort was closed at the time of writing as part of a major two-year restoration project, due (in theory, at least) to finish sometime around early 2012.

The fort is one of the most ancient in Oman. The original fort is thought to have been built by the Julanda dynasty fifty years before the arrival of Islam, and was subsequently expanded in 670 ADand again in 1698, while further towers were added by Sultan Faisal bin Turki in 1906. The extensive compound is provided with its own falaj and surrounded by low exterior walls topped by a quartet of towers, the tallest rising to almost 20m. Inside sits the tall central keep, built over three levels, with the usual living quarters (including the finely decorated chambers of the imam himself) plus an armoury and a fine mosque. The old souk in front of the fort – which formerly hosted a good range of stalls selling traditional handicrafts and souvenirs – is also being rebuilt.

About halfway between Nakhal and Awabi, a sign points south off Highway 13 towards Wadi Mistal (tarmac road for the first 6km, then good graded track for another 25km before the final ascent to Wekan village). The wadi begins by passing through a narrow gorge, its floor covered in a tumble of huge grey boulders, before opening out into the Ghubrah Bowl , a huge, flat gravel plain, ringed on the left by the cliffs bounding the southern edge of the Jebel Nakhl and, at the far end, by the peaks of the Jebel Akhdar.

It’s a swift if rather bumpy ride across the bowl to reach the village of Al Hejar on the far side, from where a very steep, rough and slightly stomach-churning road (4WD essential) climbs up to WEKAN (also spelled Wakan, Wukan), one of the most spectacular mountain villages anywhere in Oman. There’s parking in the village, while a restored watchtower provides an optimal viewing platform from which to admire the bowl and encircling mountains below.

Wekan is also the starting point for the hiking routes W24b and W25. Even if you don’t fancy tackling either walk in its entirety, it’s well worth exploring the opening section of walk W25, which winds up through the picture-perfect terraced gardens to the rear of the village, running alongside a bucolic little falaj which tumbles down from the mountainside above – arguably the prettiest short walk in Oman. The walk is waymarked (albeit not very clearly) from the village centre and it takes around twenty minutes to reach the top of the village.

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The Formidable Al Rustaq Fort

Posted by Konstantina Sakellariou | Sep 18, 2020 | Culture , Destinations , Middle East , Oman , Themes | 0 |

We reached Rustaq at the end of a long, road trip in Oman, and, although we were pressed by time, we decided to stop briefly, for the town had more to offer than what initially meets the eye. Although today Rustaq lives in a state of somnolence that is typical of most rural Arab settlements, it acted as the capital city of Oman in the 17 th century, and remnants of this glamour are still palpable in the area. The town stretches at the far northern fringes of Jabal Shams, one-hour driving distance from Muscat, and is blessed with plenty of water as evidenced by the lush oasis that expands on the plains, and the numerous falaj canals that run alongside the roads. It features the magnificent Al Rustaq Fort – as well as the Nakhal and the Al Hamz Forts in the proximity – and is known for its thermal waters that attract many locals in search of therapeutic relief to chronic pains.

Although today Rustaq lives in a state of drowsiness that is typical of most rural Arab settlements, it acted as the capital city of Oman in the 17 th century, and remnants of this glamour are still palpable in the area.

At the outskirts of Rustaq, we were welcomed by the remains of mudbrick houses, underground canals, and a dilapidating tower. There was no sign anywhere, so I am not sure of any name or date related to these fragments of local history. Nevertheless, they were delightful to explore – and, since they felt much more authentic than the recently-renovated Fort, I found them deliciously enchanting.

On the other hand, Al Rustaq Fort remains spectacular – one of the most impressive in Oman – and bears witness to a glorious page of the country’s history. Although its date of construction in the pre-Islamic period is blurry, its fame reached its peak in the 17 th century, with the election of Nasir bin Murshid in the position of the Imam, the founding of the Yaruba dynasty of Imams, and the establishment of Rustaq as the capital city.

The beginning of the 17 th century was a turbulent time for Oman since the strength of the Nabhani dynasty (that had been ruling for 250 years) was fading fast, and the dominant Portuguese presence on the coastline had deprived the Omanis of the financial benefits their geographical location guaranteed. As the tribes that constituted the local population stood weakened and leaderless, Sheikh Nasir bin Murshid al-Yaarebi rose to the occasion. After being elected as the new Imam by an assembly of notables in Rustaq, he unified the tribes on a campaign against the Portuguese to regain control of the major coastal cities. By the end of his life, he managed to limit the Portuguese presence through wars, treaties, and the occasional support of the British who, at that time, entered the geopolitical arena of the area. His successor finally expelled the Portuguese from all Omani territories, and the country flourished, until the 19 th century, as a considerable naval force in the region.

Near the Rustaq Fort, there are the famous Ain Al Kasfah hot springs that feed into the neighbouring – and quite unglamorous – hammam (public bath). The locals may believe that the waters have therapeutic properties, and, there is undoubtedly some cultural interest for a foreign traveller, but, in general, I found the rumours of these hot baths far exceeding the reality.  

Forts like Al Rustaq in the inland of Oman act as a reminder of the differences – and the occasional feuds – between the more secular, seafaring population along the coastal line, and the tribal, conservative communities in the mountainous and desert-dominated backcountry. For centuries, the power of the sovereigns based on the coast was only nominal in the countryside, where the Imamate was stronger under the leadership of the Imam. Although on the surface, the differences had a religious flair– the Imams were practising the Ibadi sect of Islam – in truth, it was a confrontation of political power and a reaction to the British interference. The situation was aggravated in the 20 th century with the discovery of oil and the decision of the Sultan in Muscat – supported by the Western powers – to proceed to excavations in the Imam-controlled land. Finally, after severe conflicts and a decisive British interference, the territories were united once and for all under the leadership of Sultan Qaboos who ruled peacefully and without any interruption from 1970 until his death in January 2020. As such, today, Oman offers to every traveller pristine landscapes of unparalleled beauty, heartwarming hospitality, and a sense of security and unity that feels as if it existed forever.

Today, Oman offers to every traveller pristine landscapes of unparalleled beauty, heartwarming hospitality, and a sense of security and unity that feels as if it existed forever.

Photos: © Konstantina Sakellariou.

If you find encouragement, comfort, and beauty in my writing or you learn through my adventures something new about our world, I invite you to support my labour of love by leaving a comment, sharing the article, subscribing to my free e-magazine, or becoming a  sustaining patron (visit  my Patreon page  for more details).

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Konstantina Sakellariou

Explorer at heart. Entrepreneur by profession. Curious as a cat. In love with life, variety, and a bit of chaos. Writer of "The Unusual Journeys of a Girl Like Any Other", founder of "My Unusual Journeys" online magazine, partner at Rahhalah Explorers, traveller and passionate story-hunter.

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Wilayats: Al Rustaq - Charm of nature and history

The Wilayat of Al Rustaq is a historical and ancient city in Al Batinah South Governorate, surrounded by the central Al Hajar Mountains range and blessed with abundant date palm groves and aflaj.

The city came into prominence when Imam Nasser bin Murshid al Yarubi started his reign in the Sultanate.

Al Rustaq, which was once the capital of Oman, has many attractions that make it one of the most sought-after tourist attractions. Today, the wilayat is a key administrative and commercial centre of the governorate.

Al Rustaq is famous for two impressive and historically important landmarks: Al Hazm Castle and the imposing Al Rustaq Fort. Al Hazm Castle was built by Imam Sultan bin Saif al Yarubi in the early 18th century.

The castle features a massive beautiful wooden door with intricate writing and is unique among other Omani castles for having its roof held by columns instead of the traditional wooden support.

The massive Al Rustaq Fort, a much older fort dating back to the 13th century, is near the city market and can be seen from the surrounding hills. The fort is cradled by four tall towers, the tallest being more than 18 metres high.

The Old Souq of Al Rustaq is located right next to Al Rustaq Fort.

Shoppers can go to the new temporary souq to buy locally made handicraft, agriculture produce and pure Omani honey.

A popular destination in Al Rustaq is Ain Al Kasfa hot water spring.

The spring is frequently visited for its therapeutic sulfur content. No swimming is allowed in the source of the water, but there are designated bathing rooms where the water is channelled for the public.

Niyabat Al Hoqain in Al Rustaq is located 45 km away from the centre and 150 km from Muscat. The place encompasses picturesque wadis and villages. This comprises the renowned Wadi Al Hoqain.

This valley is characterised by its year-round flowing streams which are best for taking a dip during the hot summer. It is advised not to get into wadis during rainy season. These wadis in Oman are truly beautiful with clean and clear water.

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Ain Al Kasfah

These hot springs attract visitors who believe the water issuing from under the ground at Al Kasfah has therapeutic properties. As a result, the unglamorous hammam (public baths) alongside the spring are thronged at weekends with towel-wielding locals. The site may be of some touristic interest for those who haven't had the chance to dip fingers in naturally hot water before.

To find the springs, turn right at the traffic lights on the way into town and they are beside the mosque at the end of the road.

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More details about Rustaq in Oman (OM)

It is the capital of Al Batinah South Governorate.

Rustaq elevation above mean sea level, or meters above sea level (MASL), is under 0 meters. That is why this city is an ideal place when you and family want to swim in the sea.

Rustaq things to do and activities: best trip destination for:

Interactive rustaq (oman) map and attractions.

Interactive map of Rustaq, Oman (OM).