australian government travel advice france

Interactive

Where can I go and what is the travel advice for each country?

While the covid-19 pandemic is still evolving, it is now possible for people in australia to travel overseas after nearly two years of closed international borders. explore the interactive graphic below to see the latest advice for more than 100 destinations., what do the smartraveller levels mean.

• At Level 1 , Australians are advised to exercise normal safety precautions  as the security environment has been judged to be similar to that of a large Australian city.
• The Level 2 advice is to exercise a high degree of caution and pay attention to the current security and health situation. It doesn't mean you shouldn't go to that location, but you should do some research and take extra precautions.
• Level 3 is where the advice gets a bit more serious, with Australians urged to reconsider your need to travel . That level means there are serious and potentially life-threatening risks at the location, and non-essential travel there should be avoided. 
• The advice for  Level 4 is blunt: do not travel . The government has judged travellers to be at high risk of death, imprisonment, kidnapping or serious injury if travelling to that location, and Australians should consider leaving if already there and it's safe to do so. 

Who can leave and enter Australia?

How many COVID-19 cases and deaths have there been in Australia?

How many people are in hospital with COVID-19 in Australia?

How many people have died from COVID-19 in countries around the world?

What are the COVID-19 vaccination rates in your local area?

Which countries are winning the COVID-19 vaccine race?

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• About the Handbook

Vaccination for international travellers

Ensure that travellers are up to date with routine vaccines. Also consider other vaccines based on travel itinerary, activities and risk of disease exposure.

Recently added

This page was added on  09 June 2018 .

Updates made

This page was updated on 23 October 2023 .  View history of updates

Millions of Australians travel overseas every year. More than half of these trips are to destinations other than New Zealand, North America and Europe. 1

This page helps with making decisions about travel vaccines. Also check the disease-specific chapters in this Handbook for details about specific vaccines.

See also Infographic. Vaccination for international travellers .

Health risks of overseas travel

Health risks associated with international travel include exposure to:

• infective agents
• altitude and temperature extremes
• other physical, psychological and environmental hazards
• poor-quality or limited access to clean water, shelter, hygiene and sanitation facilities, and health and medical care

The level of health risks depends on factors such as:

• the traveller’s underlying physical and mental health and physiological state
• the itinerary and activities undertaken
• the duration of exposure to various hazards during travel

Travellers at increased risk of serious travel-associated infections include:

• young children and infants
• pregnant women
• people with underlying medical conditions, especially immunocompromising conditions due to disease or medical treatment
• people spending extended periods in multiple regions with poor resources or in remote areas
• people participating in events where large numbers of people will gather, such as major sporting, cultural, social or religious events
• migrant families travelling back to their region of origin to visit friends and relatives

Those travelling to visit friends and relatives are more likely to: 2

• have closer contact with local populations
• stay in remote or rural areas
• consume higher-risk food and beverages

Those travelling to visit friends and relatives are less likely to: 2,3

• recognise the health risks associated with travelling
• seek pre-travel health advice
• obtain the recommended vaccines or prophylaxis

Common infections acquired by travellers

Exposure to infectious diseases is one of the many health hazards of international travel. Some of these diseases are vaccine preventable. Although some of these diseases are present in Australia, the risk of acquiring them overseas may be higher because of:

• higher disease incidence in other countries
• increased risk of exposure from participating in certain activities while travelling

Foodborne and waterborne infections

It is common for travellers to ingest contaminated food or beverages, resulting in an illness. 4-6  Practicing safe eating and drinking habits is essential to minimise the risk of contracting food and waterborne diseases while travelling. These include treating water or only drinking bottled water, avoiding undercooked meat, and avoiding raw fruit and vegetables (unless they can be peeled or washed in safe water prior to eating). Most infections are diarrhoeal diseases due to enteric pathogens, but some are due to extra-intestinal microorganisms, such as hepatitis A virus and Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (causing typhoid).

Vaccines are available against hepatitis A, typhoid and cholera.

Vector-borne infections

Insect-borne — especially mosquito-borne — infections, such as malaria and dengue, are important causes of fever in Australian travellers returning from endemic areas, particularly Southeast Asia and Oceania. 4,6

A dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) is available for the prevention of secondary dengue infections (not primary prevention of initial dengue infection ) in select individuals. See Clinical advice: ATAGI statement on use of Dengvaxia® for Australians .

Japanese encephalitis occurs throughout much of Asia and the Western Pacific region, including eastern Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. 7 Yellow fever occurs only in parts of Africa and South America, 8 and tick-borne encephalitis occurs in parts of Europe and Asia. 9

Vaccines are available against Japanese encephalitis , yellow fever and tick-borne encephalitis .

Some other vector-borne diseases and parasitic (including protozoal and helminthic) diseases are also important for international travellers. Some are preventable through appropriate barrier precautions and chemoprophylaxis (for example, malaria). 9

Aerosol-borne infections

Vaccine-preventable infections transmitted by aerosols and/or droplets include: 9

• influenza (the most common vaccine-preventable infection among travellers) 10
• meningococcal disease
• varicella (chickenpox)

The incidence of measles and mumps is higher in many overseas countries, including some developed countries, than in Australia.

Tuberculosis is a rare infection in travellers. 11 Expatriates who live in endemic areas for a long time are more likely to acquire tuberculosis than short-term visitors. 12

Vaccines are available against all of these diseases.

Bloodborne and sexually transmitted infections

Some Australian travellers may be at risk from bloodborne and sexually transmissible infections, such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. In some areas, healthcare workers using non-sterile medical equipment or other poor infection control practices may transmit these viruses and other bloodborne agents.

Vaccines are available against hepatitis B.

Exotic infectious agents

Travellers may be exposed to a variety of other exotic infections, such as:

• rabies from bites or scratches from rabid dogs, bats and other mammals in many countries
• schistosomiasis from exposure to water infested with the parasites, especially in Africa
• leptospirosis through activities such as rafting or wading in contaminated streams

Of these diseases, vaccines are available only against rabies.

Recommending travel vaccines

Although recommending appropriate vaccines is important, it is not the only part of a pre-travel medical consultation. Travel vaccines — those relevant for travelling — include all relevant vaccines, not just the ones that prevent diseases that most commonly occur overseas.

Do not recommend a vaccine based only on the destination country, because there is no single ‘correct’ list of vaccines for travel to any particular country.

There are 3 categories of travel vaccines:

• routinely recommended vaccines (not specific to travelling overseas)
• selected vaccines based on travel itinerary, activities and likely risk of disease exposure
• vaccines required by the International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR) or for entry into specific countries

Questions for a pre-travel medical consultation

During a pre-travel medical consultation, ask questions about the traveller’s:

• personal information, including age and whether they are pregnant or planning pregnancy
• underlying medical conditions, particularly immunocompromising conditions, and current medicines
• vaccination history (including adverse events following immunisation) and allergy history
• purpose of travel and intended activities, especially those associated with various environmental risks and hazards
• plans for travel insurance

Also ask about their itinerary in detail, including:

• date of departure and time available for vaccinations
• specific localities and routes
• rural versus urban stay
• duration of stay
• likely access to health care and other services
• likelihood of changing the planned itinerary

This information helps to tailor recommendations about preventive vaccination or chemoprophylaxis for exposure risks during the proposed trip. It also allows the clinician to advise about other appropriate preventive health measures (for example, food and water precautions, avoiding bites from mosquitoes or other arthropods) and about managing possible health conditions during travel.

Organisational requirements for vaccination

Some overseas organisations, such as schools, colleges and universities, require evidence of vaccination or immunity against some vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles and meningococcal disease. Consider these requirements when planning and scheduling vaccines before departure.

Routinely recommended vaccines (not specific to travelling overseas)

Vaccinate all prospective travellers according to the recommended vaccination schedule appropriate for their age, underlying health conditions, occupation and lifestyle. Vaccines might include, for example, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for an older person, or hepatitis B vaccine for a first aid officer. 

Also ensure that all children are vaccinated according to the National Immunisation Program schedule. In exceptional circumstances, give the National Immunisation Program vaccines at the minimum age rather than the recommended age (see Table. Minimum acceptable age for the 1st dose of scheduled vaccines in infants in special circumstances ). Children vaccinated using the minimum age rather than the recommended age may need extra vaccine doses to ensure adequate protection. Observe the minimum interval requirements between doses (see Table. Minimum acceptable dose intervals for children <10 years of age ). The chances of being exposed to some diseases, such as measles and mumps, may be greater during overseas travel, even to other developed countries.

For some itineraries, it may be appropriate for the traveller to receive some booster doses earlier than the routine recommended time. An example may be diphtheria-tetanus booster.

Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis

Vaccinate adult travellers against tetanus before departure, particularly if:

• their risk of sustaining a tetanus-prone wound is high
• there could be delays in accessing health services where they can receive tetanus toxoid boosters safely, if required

Offer dTpa vaccine during a pre-travel consultation if the traveller has never received a dose of dTpa . This provides protection against pertussis (see Pertussis ). 

For high-risk travel, consider giving a booster dose of either dTpa or dT vaccine if more than 5 years have passed (see Tetanus ).

Hepatitis B

Most Australian children born since 2000 have been vaccinated against hepatitis B under the National Immunisation Program or state and territory school-based vaccination programs.

Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for long-term or frequent travellers to regions of intermediate or high endemicity of hepatitis B, including:

• Central and South America

This is because travellers may be exposed to hepatitis B virus through bloodborne routes (including during emergency medical or dental procedures) or sexual routes. According to 1 survey, about half of Australian travellers who spent at least 3 nights in Southeast or East Asia participated in at least 1 activity that had a risk of hepatitis B transmission. 13

See also Hepatitis B .

Influenza and pneumococcal disease

Older travellers and those with any relevant underlying medical or behavioural risk factors should receive pneumococcal vaccine. See Pneumococcal disease for more details.

Consider influenza vaccine for all travellers, especially if they are travelling to a region during its influenza season. Influenza vaccine is particularly relevant if:

• there is an influenza epidemic at the traveller’s destination
• the person is travelling in a large tourist group, especially one that includes older people
• the person is travelling on cruises, where people are relatively confined for days to weeks

See also Influenza. 

Measles, mumps and rubella

Inadequately vaccinated young adult travellers are responsible for most current measles outbreaks in Australia. This occurs when they acquire the infection overseas and bring it back to Australia. Some countries, regions or communities — including developed countries — have a higher incidence of measles and mumps than Australia. 9

Australians born during or since 1966 who have not received the recommended 2 doses of MMR (measles-mumps-rubella)–containing vaccines are recommended to receive MMR vaccine before travelling. This also applies to infants 6–12 months old travelling to areas with measles outbreaks or where measles is endemic . The exception is for pregnant women, because MMR is a live vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy. 

People born before 1966 do not need to receive measles-containing vaccine (unless serological evidence indicates that they are not immune). This is because circulating measles virus and disease were prevalent before 1966, so most people would have acquired immunity from natural infection .

However, confirmed cases of measles have occurred in people born before 1966. 14 If in doubt about a person’s immunity, it may be faster and easier to vaccinate the person than conduct serological testing . See Serological testing for immunity to measles . 

See also Measles . 

Unvaccinated travellers are recommended to receive varicella vaccine if they either:

• have not had clinical disease, or
• have an uncertain history of clinical disease and serology shows a lack of immunity 

The exception is for pregnant women, because varicella vaccine is a live vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy.

See also Varicella .

Meningococcal disease

Vaccination against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135, Y and B is recommended for certain age and population groups who are at increased risk of meningococcal disease.

In addition, MenACWY (quadrivalent meningococcal) vaccine is recommended for people who are:

• planning travel to, or living in, parts of the world where epidemics of serogroup A, C, W-135 or Y meningococcal disease occur, particularly the ‘meningitis belt’ of sub-Saharan Africa 15
• planning travel to mass gatherings, such as pilgrims travelling to the Hajj in Saudi Arabia

Seek up-to-date epidemiological information to determine whether a traveller needs meningococcal vaccination. See Accessing up-to-date travel information.

The Saudi Arabian authorities require that all pilgrims travelling to Mecca (for the Hajj or Umra) have evidence of recent vaccination with the quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine. 16  See Requirements for travellers to Mecca and Accessing up-to-date travel information .

See also Meningococcal disease .

Poliomyelitis

Ensure that all travellers are age-appropriately vaccinated against polio (see Poliomyelitis ).

If the person is travelling to a country where wild poliovirus is still circulating, they should receive inactivated poliovirus ( IPV ) vaccine if they have not completed a 3-dose primary course of any polio vaccine. Travellers who have completed the primary course should receive a single booster dose.

The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Polio Eradication Initiative website website has an up-to-date list of polio-affected countries.

Documented evidence of polio vaccination is not routinely required for travellers under the International Health Regulations. However, documented evidence of vaccination may be temporarily required according to WHO recommendations in response to new evidence of the spread of wild poliovirus (see Vaccines required by the International Health Regulations or for entry into specific countries and Documentation and certificates ).

International polio epidemiology and associated travel requirements can change. Check the Australian Government Department of Health website for current recommendations for Australian travellers .

Ensure that all travellers are age-appropriately vaccinated against COVID-19. Foreign governments may require evidence of COVID-19 vaccination before a traveller is allowed to enter. The Australian-issued International COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate is a secure way to prove COVID-19 vaccination history that has been developed to meet agreed international travel standards. Parents and carers of children <14 years of age, adolescents ≥14 years of age and adults can get a copy of their COVID-19 vaccination certificate at any time:

• using their Medicare online account through myGov
• through the Medicare Express Plus mobile app
• by calling 1800 653 809 (free call)

See also COVID-19 .

Vaccines based on travel itinerary, activities and likely risk of disease exposure

Use a risk assessment approach when recommending travel vaccines. Weigh the potential risks of disease exposure and protective benefits from vaccination against potential adverse effects, and the non-financial and financial costs of vaccination.

Prioritise vaccines for diseases that are:

• common and of significant impact, such as influenza and hepatitis A
• less common, but have severe potential adverse outcomes, such as Japanese encephalitis and rabies

Consider booster doses, where appropriate (see disease-specific chapters in this Handbook for recommendations). If the person is departing for travel soon, consider an accelerated schedule, if appropriate, such as for hepatitis B vaccine or the combination hepatitis A-hepatitis B vaccine (see Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B ). Although immunity may be established sooner with the accelerated schedule, people who receive an accelerated schedule need another dose about a year later to complete the course and ensure long-term protection.

Most travellers do not need cholera vaccine. 16,17  The risk of a traveller acquiring cholera is very low if they avoid contaminated food and water.

No country requires travellers to have certification of cholera vaccination. No country has official entry requirements for cholera vaccination

See also Cholera .

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A vaccine is recommended for all travellers ≥1 year of age travelling to moderately or highly endemic countries (including all developing countries). The exceptions are people who have evidence of natural immunity after previous infection .

Normal human immunoglobulin is no longer used to protect travellers against hepatitis A.

See also Hepatitis A .

Japanese encephalitis

While now considered an emerging disease in Australia, Japanese Encephalitis is more likely in travellers to endemic regions overseas. 18 Japanese encephalitis ( JE ) vaccine is recommended for travellers spending a month or more in endemic areas in Asia, Papua New Guinea or the outer islands of Torres Strait during the JE virus transmission season.

Consider JE vaccination for shorter-term travellers, particularly if:

• travel is during the wet season 
• travel may be repeated
• the person will spend a lot of time outdoors 
• the person’s accommodation has no air-conditioning, screens or bed nets

Check a reputable source before travel for information about JE virus activity — for example, Health Information for International Travel (the ‘Yellow Book’) . 19

A traveller’s overall risk of acquiring JE in these JE - endemic countries is likely to be low (<1 case per 1 million travellers). Determine the specific risk according to the: 17

• season of travel
• regions visited 
• duration of travel
• extent of outdoor activity
• extent to which the person avoids mosquito bites 

See also Japanese encephalitis .

Before travel to rabies- endemic regions, advise people about:

• the risk of rabies infection
• avoiding close contact with wild, stray and domestic animals — especially dogs, cats, monkeys and bats 
• the importance of appropriate immediate wound care of all animal bites and scratches 

See also Rabies and other lyssaviruses, including Australian bat lyssavirus .

Recommendations for rabies vaccination as pre-exposure prophylaxis

When deciding whether to give a pre-travel prophylactic rabies vaccination, assess the:

• likelihood of exposure to potentially rabid animals
• access to appropriate health care and availability of post-exposure prophylaxis , including rabies immunoglobulin , should there be an at-risk exposure
• timeliness of access to health care after exposure

Use a lower threshold for recommending rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis for children travelling to endemic areas.

Benefits of vaccination as pre-exposure prophylaxis

Pre-travel rabies vaccination:

• ensures that the traveller has received a safe and efficacious vaccine
• simplifies the management of a subsequent exposure because the person will need fewer doses of vaccine
• means that rabies immunoglobulin — which is often extremely expensive, and difficult or even impossible to obtain in many developing countries — is not needed
• reduces the urgency of post-exposure prophylaxis

Tick-borne encephalitis

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is caused by a tick-borne RNA flavivirus. The disease may involve the central nervous system. TBE is prevalent in parts of central and northern European temperate regions, and across northern Asia. Travellers are at risk when hiking or camping in forested areas in endemic regions during the summer months.

Safe and effective vaccines are available. Vaccination is recommended only for people with a high risk of exposure.

TBE vaccine is not registered in Australia, but a small stock of vaccine may be available for use under the Special Access Scheme .

Tuberculosis

Vaccination with BCG (bacille Calmette–Guérin) vaccine is generally recommended for tuberculin-negative children <5 years of age who will be staying in high-risk countries for an extended period (3 months or longer).

Vaccinating older children and adults appears to be less beneficial. However, consider vaccinating tuberculin-negative children aged ≥5 years but <16 years who may be living or travelling for long periods in high-risk countries.

A high-risk country is one that has a tuberculosis incidence of >40 per 100,000 population.

For travellers who need BCG vaccine, consider the following precautions when scheduling their vaccination visits:

• If possible, give BCG vaccine at least 3 months before the person will arrive in an endemic area.
• Give other live viral vaccines (for example, MMR , varicella, yellow fever) at the same time or with a minimum 4-week interval after BCG vaccination.
• A tuberculin skin test (TST; Mantoux), performed by trained and accredited healthcare practitioners, is recommended before receiving BCG vaccine for all individuals (except infants aged <6 months).
• People may suppress reactions to tuberculin for 4–6 weeks after viral infections or live viral vaccines, particularly measles infection and measles-containing vaccines.

State and territory tuberculosis services can provide tuberculin skin tests and BCG vaccine.

See also Tuberculosis .

Typhoid vaccine may be recommended for travellers ≥2 years of age travelling to endemic regions, including: 

• the Indian subcontinent
• most Southeast Asian countries 
• several South Pacific nations, including Papua New Guinea 

This advice is also relevant for those travelling to endemic regions to visit friends and relatives.

Inactivated parenteral and live oral typhoid vaccine formulations are available.

See also Typhoid fever .

Yellow fever

Yellow fever vaccine is recommended for all people ≥9 months of age travelling to, or living in, an area with a risk of yellow fever virus transmission. 20

To minimise the risk of introducing yellow fever, some countries require documented evidence of yellow fever vaccination for entry, in line with the International Health Regulations (see Vaccines required by the International Health Regulations or for entry into specific countries ).

When assessing the need for yellow fever vaccination, consider:

• the risk of the person being infected with yellow fever virus
• country entry requirements
• individual factors such as age, pregnancy and underlying medical conditions 

Vaccination is generally not recommended for travel to areas with a low probability of yellow fever virus exposure — that is: 

• where human yellow fever cases have never been reported 
• where evidence suggests only low levels of yellow fever virus transmission in the past 

However, consider vaccination for a small subset of travellers to lower-risk areas who are at increased risk of exposure to mosquitoes or who are unable to avoid mosquito bites. 20

People aged ≥60 years are at increased risk of severe adverse events after primary yellow fever vaccination. Weigh the adverse effects of vaccinating people in this age group against the potential for yellow fever virus exposure and, in turn, the benefits of vaccination. 17

See also Yellow fever .

Booster doses

Most people do not need a booster dose of yellow fever vaccine. A single dose induces protective antibody levels that last for many decades. However, certain people are recommended to receive a booster if their last dose was more than 10 years ago and they are at ongoing risk of yellow fever virus infection . See Yellow fever .

Vaccines required by the International Health Regulations or for entry into specific countries

Yellow fever requirements.

The International Health Regulations require yellow fever vaccination for travelling in certain circumstances. This is to:

• protect travellers who are likely to be exposed to yellow fever 
• stop importation of the virus into countries that have the relevant vectors (see Yellow fever ).

Some countries may require documented evidence of yellow fever vaccination as a condition of entry or exit (see Planning and documenting vaccines ). This includes countries that do not currently have yellow fever circulating.

Australia’s yellow fever travel requirements are detailed in the Australian Government Department of Health’s yellow fever fact sheet .

Contact the relevant embassies or consulates in Australia to confirm the entry requirements for yellow fever vaccination for the countries a traveller intends to enter or transit through. 

Requirements for travellers to Mecca

Each year, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Health publishes the requirements and recommendations for entry visas for travellers on pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj and Umra). 16

For pilgrims travelling directly from Australia, only evidence of MenACWY vaccination is currently mandatory. However, check the current requirements when advising prospective Hajj and Umra pilgrims (see Meningococcal disease and Accessing up-to-date travel information ).

Temporary requirements

The International Health Regulations may temporarily introduce requirements for other vaccine-preventable diseases in response to changes in disease epidemiology that are of international health concern. An example is for polio vaccination.

Because country vaccination requirements are subject to change at any time, confirm all current vaccination requirements for the countries a traveller intends to enter or transit through before travel. See Poliomyelitis and Accessing up-to-date travel information .

Planning and documenting vaccines

Ideally, start vaccination courses early enough before departure to allow:

• monitoring of any possible adverse events 
• time for adequate immunity to develop

Requirements for multiple vaccines

A traveller may need multiple vaccines before they depart. Apply the standard recommendations and precautions when giving multiple vaccines (see Administration of vaccines ).

A traveller may need more than 1 clinic visit if they need multiple vaccines or doses (for example, rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis or hepatitis B vaccine). Pay special attention to scheduling of these visits, and consider:

• dose interval precautions (for example, for multiple live vaccines)
• requirements for pre-vaccination tests (for example, tuberculin skin test)
• potential interference by some antimalarials, if relevant (for example, rabies vaccine)

Documentation and certificates

It is important to document travel vaccines: 

• in the clinic’s record
• in the traveller’s record that they can carry with them 
• on the Australian Immunisation Register

The record should also include all the other routinely recommended vaccines that the traveller has ever received. 

For yellow fever vaccination, a traveller needs to have an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP), which only Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres can provide under the International Health Regulations (see Yellow fever ). 

Travellers may also need an ICVP for other vaccine-preventable diseases, such as polio, based on temporary recommendations.

See also Accessing up-to-date travel information .

Vaccinating travellers with special risk factors

See Vaccination for women who are planning pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding , Vaccination for people who are immunocompromised and the disease-specific chapters in this Handbook for recommendations for travellers who are pregnant or immunocompromised.

Accessing up-to-date travel information

International travellers’ health risks constantly change. Up-to-date information, and knowledge of the changing epidemiology and current outbreaks of infectious and emerging diseases are essential. Reliable online information sources include:

• World Health Organization (WHO) for disease outbreak news, and its Travel and health section for specific advice on travel and health, including travel vaccination recommendations
• Travelers’ health , United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• Travel health information , Australian Government Department of Health
• Smartraveller , the Australian Government’s travel advisory and consular information service, which provides up-to-date advice about health, safety and other risks of specific destinations for Australian travellers

The following resources have comprehensive technical advice on international travel and health, including vaccination:

• the latest edition of WHO’s International travel and health
• the CDC’s Health Information for International Travel (the ‘Yellow Book’)
• Australian Bureau of Statistics. 3401.0 – Overseas arrivals and departures, Australia, Mar 2018 (accessed May 2018). 
• Paudel P, Raina C, Zwar N, et al. Risk activities and pre-travel health seeking practices of notified cases of imported infectious diseases in Australia. Journal of Travel Medicine 2017;24(5):tax044.
• Heywood AE, Watkins RE, Iamsirithaworn S, Nilvarangkul K, MacIntyre CR. A cross-sectional study of pre-travel health-seeking practices among travelers departing Sydney and Bangkok airports. BMC Public Health 2012;12:321.
• Chen LH, Leder K, Barbre KA, et al. Business travel-associated illness: a GeoSentinel analysis. Journal of Travel Medicine 2018;25.
• Angelo KM, Kozarsky PE, Ryan ET, Chen LH, Sotir MJ. What proportion of international travellers acquire a travel-related illness? A review of the literature. Journal of Travel Medicine 2017;24.
• Freedman DO, Weld LH, Kozarsky PE, et al. Spectrum of disease and relation to place of exposure among ill returned travelers. New England Journal of Medicine 2006;354:119-30.
• Halstead SB, Hills SL, Dubischar K. Japanese encephalitis vaccines. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, Edwards KM, eds. Plotkin's vaccines. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018.
• Staples JE , Monath TP, Gershman MD, Barrett AD. Yellow fever vaccines. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, Edwards KM, eds. Plotkin's vaccines. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018.
• World Health Organization (WHO). Chapter 6: Vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccines . In: International travel and health. Geneva: WHO; 2017. 
• Steffen R. Travel vaccine preventable diseases-updated logarithmic scale with monthly incidence rates. Journal of Travel Medicine 2018;25.
• Denholm JT, Thevarajan I. Tuberculosis and the traveller: evaluating and reducing risk through travel consultation. Journal of Travel Medicine 2016;23.
• Lachish T, Tenenboim S, Schwartz E. 35 - Humanitarian Aid Workers. In: Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Connor BA, et al., eds. Travel Medicine (Fourth Edition). London: Elsevier; 2019. (Accessed 6 July 2023). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323546966000355
• Leggat PA, Zwar NA, Hudson BJ. Hepatitis B risks and immunisation coverage amongst Australians travelling to Southeast Asia and East Asia. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2009;7:344-9.
• Winkler NE, Dey A, Quinn HE, et al. Australian vaccine preventable disease epidemiological review series: measles, 2012-2019. Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2022;46.
• World Health Organization (WHO). Epidemic meningitis control in countries of the African meningitis belt, 2017. Weekly Epidemiological Record 2018;93:173-84.
• World Health Organization (WHO). International travel and health: health conditions for travellers to Saudi Arabia for the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) . 2017 (accessed May 2018). 
• Freedman DO, Chen LH. Vaccines for International Travel. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2019;94:2314-39.
• Furuya-Kanamori L, Gyawali N, Mills DJ, et al. The Emergence of Japanese Encephalitis in Australia and the Implications for a Vaccination Strategy. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022;7.
• Hills SL, Rabe IB, Fischer M. Infectious diseases related to travel: Japanese encephalitis . In: CDC yellow book 2018: health information for international travel. New York: Oxford University Press; 2017. 
• World Health Organization (WHO). International travel and health (accessed Apr 2018). 

Page history

Minor updates to clinical guidance around routinely recommended vaccines (not specific to travelling overseas), including the addition of advice regarding COVID-19.

Editorial update to reflect changes to pneumococcal vaccine recommendations for older adults and people with medical risk factors.

Guidance on vaccination of travellers against measles, mumps and rubella updated to reflect advice in the Measles chapter.

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Acknowledgement

The Department of Health and Aged Care acknowledges First Nations peoples as the Traditional Owners of Country throughout Australia, and their continuing connection to land, sea and community. We pay our respects to them and their cultures, and to all Elders both past and present.

© Commonwealth of Australia | Department of Health and Aged Care

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New warning for Australians visiting France

A ustralian travellers to France have been urged to "exercise a high degree of caution" after the country raised its terrorist alert warning to the highest level.

In an update on the federal government's travel advice website Smartraveller, Australians are being advised to expect high-profile security measures in France.

The French government issued a top-level alert yesterday in the wake of the deadly Russian concert hall attack last weekend that terror cell Islamic State claimed responsibility for.

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The move came ahead of next month's Anzac Day ceremonies in northern France, which are expected to be attended by visiting Australians.

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"Expect high-level security measures to be in place throughout the country, including at schools, places of worship, shopping centres and landmarks.

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"Be aware of your surroundings, monitor local media, and follow the advice of the local authorities."

"If you plan to travel to France to commemorate Anzac Day, understand the risks and plan ahead."

France's terror alert system has three levels and the highest is issued in the wake of an attack in France or overseas or when a threat of one is considered to be imminent.

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It can trigger beefed-up security protocols such as intensified patrols by armed troops in public places such as airports, train stations and places of worship.

Jihadist terrorist groups have regularly targeted France for attacks, including the Bataclan concert hall massacre in Paris in 2015.

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• Travel Updates

Australian tourists at risk as violent riots sweep France

Tourists have been warned that they could be targeted by rioters as unrest sweeps one of Australia’s most popular tourist destinations.

US embassy’s stark warning after Bondi

‘Do not come’: Huge airport travel warning

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Australian tourists heading to France for the European summer have been urged to exercise a “high degree of caution” as violent clashes between protesters and police continue to grow.

Riots broke out across France on June 27 following the shooting death of 17-year-old Nahel M by French police, with police stations and public institutions targeted during heated clashes.

Following the unrest, the Australian government has warned travellers to be extra vigilant amid the “threat of terrorism” as thousands of Australians flock to Europe over the summer months.

“Riots have occurred across France which have turned violent, leading to the destruction of property including vehicles, shops, police stations, and schools,” a government spokesperson said.

“Clashes with police have occurred, resulting in the use of tear gas and arrests. Be particularly vigilant at night and avoid all demonstrations and areas with significant police activity.

“Curfews have been introduced in some cities. Public transport may be restricted or cancelled. The situation may change at short notice. Monitor the media and official sources for updates.”

Travellers have been warned that violent attacks against tourists could occur, especially late at night in tourist areas.

Travel advice for the country was last updated on July 3 and lists France as “yellow” for “exercise increased caution”.

The tricolour system ranks countries between “normal safety precautions” and avoiding all travel.

The UK also remains under a yellow threat level owing to the threat from terrorism.

Other popular destinations such as Greece are under the lowest travel rating of green.

The US Embassy in Canberra has warned its citizens that ‘dangerous events’ can occur in unexpected areas following the horrific Bondi massacre.

A fierce storm has lashed a major global city, with one of the busiest airports in the world forced to turn away passengers.

Aussie tourists are falling sick from a common but dangerous illness in the tropical tourism mecca.

Covid-19 Travel Restrictions: What Australians Need To Know Before Traveling To France

• Last updated Sep 06, 2023
• Difficulty Intemediate

• Category United States

If you're an Australian traveler dreaming of sipping wine in the serene vineyards of Bordeaux or marveling at the iconic Eiffel Tower in Paris, it's important to be aware of the current travel restrictions in place between France and Australia. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, both countries have implemented various measures to ensure the safety of their citizens and visitors. In this article, we will explore the current travel restrictions in France for Australian travelers, providing you with the latest information to help you plan your future adventure to the enchanting land of baguettes and berets.

What You'll Learn

What are the current travel restrictions for australians traveling to france, are there any exceptions to the travel restrictions for australians traveling to france, are australians required to quarantine upon arrival in france, are australians allowed to enter france for non-essential reasons, how long are the travel restrictions expected to be in place for australians traveling to france.

As of the latest update, Australians traveling to France are subject to certain travel restrictions due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. These restrictions are in place to ensure the safety and well-being of both travelers and the local population.

Entry Requirements:

• Australians must have a compelling reason to travel to France, such as essential work, medical reasons, or family reunification.
• Travelers must complete a sworn statement certifying their reason for travel and confirming they do not have COVID-19 symptoms.
• Vaccinated travelers should provide proof of vaccination (EU Digital COVID Certificate or equivalent) while unvaccinated travelers may need to provide a compelling reason for their trip.
• Australians must undergo a PCR or antigen test within 72 hours before departure and present a negative result.

Quarantine and Testing:

• Fully vaccinated travelers are not subject to quarantine upon arrival in France.
• Unvaccinated travelers must self-isolate for seven days upon arrival and take a PCR or antigen test at the end of the isolation period.
• All travelers, regardless of vaccination status, may be subject to random testing upon arrival.

COVID-19 Health Pass:

• In order to access certain venues and events in France, including museums, theaters, cafes, and restaurants, Australians (aged 12 and above) must present a COVID-19 health pass.
• The health pass can be obtained by showing proof of full vaccination, a negative PCR or antigen test result within the last 72 hours, or a recent recovery from COVID-19.

Changing Travel Advice:

• Travel restrictions and requirements may change at short notice, so it is important for Australians to stay updated on the latest travel advice from the Australian government and French authorities.
• It is advisable to check with the airline and embassy or consulate before traveling to ensure compliance with the current entry requirements.

It is important to note that these travel restrictions may vary depending on the vaccination status, the COVID-19 situation in Australia, and any bilateral agreements between Australia and France. It is recommended for Australians to closely monitor the situation and follow the instructions of local authorities when planning their travel to France.

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Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the world have implemented travel restrictions to control the spread of the virus. France is one such country that has imposed travel restrictions for visitors from certain countries, including Australia. However, there are some exceptions to the travel restrictions for Australians traveling to France.

One of the exceptions is for essential travel. If you have an essential reason to travel to France, such as for medical treatment, family reunion, or business purposes, you may be granted permission to enter the country. It is important to note that you will need to provide supporting documentation to prove the essential nature of your travel.

Another exception is for fully vaccinated individuals. If you have been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 with a vaccine approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) or the World Health Organization (WHO), you may be exempt from the travel restrictions. You will need to provide proof of vaccination, such as a vaccination certificate, and follow any additional entry requirements set by the French government.

Additionally, there may be exceptions for individuals who are residents of France or hold French citizenship. If you are an Australian citizen who is a resident of France or has dual citizenship with France, you may be allowed to enter the country. It is important to check with the French embassy or consulate in Australia for the latest information and requirements.

It is also worth noting that the travel restrictions and exceptions are subject to change. The situation regarding the COVID-19 pandemic is evolving, and countries may update their travel policies accordingly. It is advisable to stay updated with the latest information and guidelines from the Australian and French governments before planning any travel.

In conclusion, while there are travel restrictions for Australians traveling to France, there are exceptions for essential travel, fully vaccinated individuals, and residents or citizens of France. It is important to follow the necessary procedures, provide supporting documentation, and stay informed with the latest guidelines to ensure a smooth and safe journey.

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Yes, Australians are currently required to quarantine upon arrival in France. This is due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the need to control the spread of the virus. The quarantine period is set at 7 days, and it is mandatory for all travelers coming from Australia, regardless of their vaccination status.

Upon arrival in France, Australian travelers are required to present a negative PCR test result that was taken within 72 hours prior to departure. They are also required to complete a health declaration form, which includes information about their recent travel history and contact details for contact tracing purposes.

After completing these requirements, Australians must proceed to their designated quarantine location. This can be either in their own accommodation or in a designated quarantine facility. During the quarantine period, travelers are not allowed to leave their accommodation except for essential reasons, such as seeking medical care or purchasing essential items. They are also required to take a second PCR test on the seventh day of their quarantine.

It is important to note that the quarantine requirements may change depending on the evolving situation with COVID-19. Travelers are advised to regularly check the official websites of the French government and the Australian embassy or consulate for the most up-to-date information.

Failure to comply with the quarantine requirements can result in fines and other legal consequences. French authorities take the enforcement of quarantine measures seriously to ensure public safety and prevent the spread of the virus.

In addition to the quarantine requirements, Australian travelers to France are also advised to familiarize themselves with any additional entry requirements, such as visa requirements or restrictions on non-essential travel. They are also encouraged to monitor their health and follow all health and safety guidelines, including wearing masks, practicing social distancing, and frequently washing hands.

Travelers should also be aware that there may be restrictions or changes to other services or amenities, such as public transportation or tourist attractions, due to the pandemic. It is recommended to check with local authorities and establishments for any specific guidelines or limitations.

Overall, Australians planning to travel to France should be prepared for the mandatory quarantine upon arrival and ensure they have the necessary documentation and comply with all health and safety measures. By doing so, they can help protect themselves and others and contribute to the containment of the virus.

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As of now, Australians are not allowed to enter France for non-essential reasons due to travel restrictions imposed by the French government. These restrictions are put in place to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and to prioritize the safety and well-being of its citizens and visitors.

The French government has categorized countries into different color zones based on their epidemiological situation. Australia is currently classified as an "orange zone" country. This means that travel from Australia to France is only allowed for essential reasons, such as professional purposes, urgent family matters, or health emergencies.

If an Australian citizen needs to travel to France for essential reasons, they must provide appropriate documentation to support their purpose of travel. This may include a letter from the employer or educational institution, medical certificates, or proof of urgent family matters.

Before traveling to France, it is mandatory for Australian travelers to complete an online declaration stating their purpose of travel and providing relevant information about their health status. Travelers may also be required to present a negative COVID-19 test result taken within a specified timeframe before departure.

It's important for Australian travelers to stay updated on the latest travel advisories issued by the French government and to comply with all entry requirements and health protocols in place. These requirements may change at short notice depending on the evolving situation of the pandemic.

It is advisable for Australians who are planning non-essential travel to France to postpone their plans until the travel restrictions are lifted. The situation is subject to change, and it is recommended to regularly check the official websites of the French embassy or consulate for the most up-to-date information.

In case of any urgent travel needs, it is recommended to contact the nearest French embassy or consulate for guidance and assistance. They will be able to provide the necessary information and support regarding travel restrictions and entry requirements.

Overall, while Australians are not currently allowed to enter France for non-essential reasons, it is important to stay informed and follow the official guidelines to ensure a safe and hassle-free travel experience.

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Travel restrictions have been put in place for Australians traveling to France in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. These restrictions are expected to be in place for an extended period of time, as the situation continues to evolve and the French government takes measures to protect its citizens and visitors.

As of now, the travel restrictions for Australians traveling to France include mandatory quarantine upon arrival. Travelers are required to self-isolate for a period of 7 days upon entering the country. This quarantine period may be subject to change based on the current health situation in both Australia and France.

In addition to the quarantine requirement, Australians traveling to France must also provide a negative COVID-19 test result, taken within 72 hours prior to departure. This test must be a PCR test, and the result must be presented to the French authorities upon arrival. Failure to provide a negative test result may result in denied entry into the country.

It is important to note that these travel restrictions are subject to change at any time. The French government closely monitors the situation and adjusts their measures accordingly. Travelers are advised to regularly check the official websites of the French government, as well as the Australian government's travel advice, for the latest information on travel restrictions and requirements.

The duration of these travel restrictions for Australians traveling to France will depend on the global and local health situation. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, governments around the world are adapting their measures in response to new variants and changes in infection rates. It is likely that the travel restrictions will remain in place until the situation improves and it is deemed safe for international travel to resume without significant risk.

In the meantime, Australians who are planning to travel to France should continue to monitor the situation and remain flexible with their travel plans. It is advisable to consider travel insurance that covers trip cancellations or changes due to COVID-19, as well as to stay informed about the latest developments in travel restrictions and requirements.

Overall, while travel restrictions for Australians traveling to France are expected to be in place for an extended period of time, the exact duration will depend on the ongoing situation with the pandemic. As the world works towards controlling the spread of the virus and vaccinating populations, it is hoped that travel restrictions will gradually be lifted, allowing for the resumption of safe and enjoyable travel experiences.

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Frequently asked questions.

As of now, there are strict travel restrictions in place for Australians traveling to France. Non-essential travel is not permitted and only a limited number of categories of travelers, such as French citizens, residents, and their family members, are allowed to enter the country. It is necessary to provide a compelling reason for travel and undergo mandatory self-isolation upon arrival.

Yes, Australians traveling to France are required to undergo mandatory self-isolation for a period of seven days upon arrival. They must also provide a negative COVID-19 test result taken within 72 hours before departure.

Yes, there are a few exceptions to the travel restrictions for Australians. French citizens, residents, and their immediate family members are allowed to enter the country. Other exceptions include essential workers, students, and individuals with compelling personal or family reasons. It is important to check the latest information and requirements before planning travel.

Australians traveling to France must have a valid passport and a visa, if required. In addition, they need to complete a certificate of international travel stating their reason for travel and provide supporting documents. It is also mandatory to have valid travel insurance that covers COVID-19-related medical expenses. It is advisable to check the official websites and liaise with relevant authorities for the most up-to-date information on required documentation.

• Cagri Burak Author Reviewer Traveller

• Karisa Garcia Author Reviewer Traveller

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