the indian medical tourism market was valued at in 2020

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Trends, Growth, and Opportunity Analysis of Medical Tourism in India

An In-depth Look at Demand for Medical Tourism in India by Dental and Cosmetic Treatment for 2024 to 2034

Quality Healthcare Infrastructure and World-class Facilities Drive the Growth of the Medical Tourism Industry in India

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India Medical Tourism Industry Outlook from 2024 to 2034

The medical tourism industry in India is estimated to be valued at US$ 10,362.9 million in 2024. It is projected to surpass US$ 50,670.5 million by 2034. The industry growth in India is expected to develop at a healthy 17.20% CAGR from 2024 to 2034.

Key Industry Drivers

In the post-pandemic era, individuals are increasingly becoming health-conscious. This has significantly pushed the demand for cost-effective and high-quality healthcare facilities, even if they have to travel abroad. Even before the pandemic hit the world, the trend of getting exclusive treatments done in developing countries had become a norm for the well-off population residing in developed economies. This has two advantages:

• Individuals get the benefit of first-class medical services, therapies, surgeons, etc. at nominal expenses
• They could also take advantage of India’s scenic beauty, rich cultural heritage, and diverse landscapes by combining their treatments with leisure activities

The medical tourism industry in India is also getting a lot of attention among European nations as it is known for offering a wide range of alternative therapies like Ayurveda and yoga. The government of India is also actively promoting these therapies on an international level, attracting more people to the country.

As per a cost comparison study by the American Medical Association, a knee replacement surgery somehow cost US$ 40,000 in the United States, US$ 10,000 in Thailand, and US$ 13,000 in Singapore. However, the same surgery, with better medical care and services, is very likely to cost around US$ 8,500 in India.

Compared to other developed and developing nations, the cost of living in India is also very reasonable. This makes the stay during prolonged treatments even more affordable. Better connectivity from all parts of the world to the Indian metropolitan is also contributing to the growth of the India medical tourism industry.

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Trends in the India Medical Tourism Industry

One of the key attractions for people traveling to India is the well-established wellness tourism industry in the different parts of the country. Alternative medical therapies, like Yoga, Ayurveda, naturopathy, meditation, Vipassana, etc., are also getting their undue recognition and appreciation from people worldwide.

The rise of destination management companies contributes to the growth of the India medical tourism industry. They assist in treatment planning, travel arrangements, visa assistance, language interpretation, and local support, enhancing the overall experience for medical tourists.

India, as a country, is also focusing on enhancing its medical infrastructure to cater to the demands of its population. This has significantly changed the face of India’s Medicare and healthcare sector in the past couple of decades.

The country now has 38 hospitals accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI) and a significant amount of hospitals accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). This generates immense trust in the people looking forward to travel to India for their treatments.

Negative Perception and the Lack of Single Unified Body to Slow down the Industry Growth of Medical Tourism in India

The fact that India offers the most affordable medical services in the world also comes with a negative perception in the minds of the people that these services may be low-quality. This notion has dampened the growth of the medical tourism industry in India. Apart from this, India, in the last few decades, has always been the target of terrorist groups and organizations. This has created a sense of fear in the people looking forward to traveling to India.

Competition from other Southeast Asian countries, like Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia, is also slowing down the India medical tourism industry. India’s healthcare industry also suffers from serious issues of hygiene and patient safety. Unlike other countries, there’s also a lack of a single unified body that works toward the betterment of the medical tourism industry in the country. All these factors are collectively contributing to the negative growth rate of the Indian medical tourism industry.

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Comparative View of Adjacent Industries

Two industries in the international marketplace, other than the India medical tourism industry, have the potential to have a plethora of opportunities in the coming decade. The growth factors and trends in the global medical tourism industry and global inbound medical tourism industry have been jotted down below. According to these numbers, it can be inferred that the inbound medical tourism industry is very likely to have a promising future in the coming decade.

India Medical Tourism Industry:

Inbound Medical Tourism Industry:

Medical Tourism Market:

Category-wise Insights

Millions of foreigners flock india for cardiovascular treatments.

Based on treatment type, the industry for Indian medical tourism is segmented into dental, cosmetic, and cardiovascular treatments. The cardiovascular segment is anticipated to hold a share of 40.20% of the overall India medical tourism industry.

The presence of top cardiologists in India makes it a hub for cardiovascular treatments. Additionally, the advanced health infrastructure present in some of the major centers with international accreditation adds to its appeal.

Hospitals like the Fortis Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, Asian Heart Hospital, and Medanta Hospital are some of the key cardiovascular centers in Asia. They are pioneers in the field of cardiology and are also present in India. All these factors have contributed to the effective growth of India’s medical tourism industry in the past few years.

Spiritual and Historical Factors Make India a Popular Destination for Wellness Services

Based on the services, the wellness segment takes the maximum share of the India medical tourism industry. It is anticipated to hold an industry value of 61.50%.

In the last few years, it has also been observed that people have actively traveled to India in quest of alternative medicine such as yoga, massages, and meditation. Many destinations in India, like Rishikesh, also known as the Yoga capital of the world, Varanasi, Kullu, Manali, Goa, etc., are some of the prominent hubs for wellness tourism and alternative medicine practices. Their immense popularity in the Western world has significantly contributed to the growth of the wellness tourism industry in India.

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Competitive Landscape

The projected 17.20% CAGR for India’s medical tourism industry is a collective collaboration of numerous players, such as hospitals and healthcare providers, wellness centers, Ayurvedic resorts, destination management companies, tourism boards, etc. Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Healthcare, Max Healthcare, Medanta - The Medicity, Narayana Health, and Manipal Hospitals provide excellent healthcare facilities, especially when it comes to chronic diseases.

Ananda in the Himalayas, The Art of Living International Center, Somatheeram Ayurveda Village, Kairali Ayurvedic Group, Ayushakti Ayurved Pvt. Ltd., Osho International Meditation Resort are considered the pioneers of wellness centers in and around the world. These institutions are aided by insurance companies like ICICI Lombard General Insurance, Religare Health Insurance, and Paramount Health Services & Insurance TPA Pvt. Ltd. so that international patients can seek medical travel insurance coverage in India.

Recent Developments

• In July 2023, Ananda in the Himalayas launched two immersive wellness experiences in Maldives and Switzerland. The expert team traveled to educate and rejuvenate tourists in tranquil settings. The Energy Harmony retreat was held at The Nautilus in the Maldives from December 1st to 7th, while a unique workshop took place at Nira Alpina in St. Moritz, Switzerland, from September 13th to 17th.
• In August 2023, the Ministry of Home Affairs introduced the Ayush Visa for foreign travelers seeking medical treatment, wellness, and yoga in India. This initiative aimed to promote medical tourism and make Indian traditional medicine a global phenomenon.

Key Companies in the Industry

• Apollo Hospitals
• Fortis Healthcare
• Max Healthcare
• Medanta - The Medicity
• Narayana Health
• Manipal Hospitals
• Ananda in the Himalayas
• The Art of Living International Center
• Somatheeram Ayurveda Village
• Kairali Ayurvedic Group
• Ayushakti Ayurved Pvt. Ltd.
• Osho International Meditation Resort
• IndiCure Health Tours Pvt. Ltd.
• MedTourEasy
• India Medical Tourism
• Tour2India4Health Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

Key Coverage in the India Medical Tourism Industry Report

• Medical tourism destinations in India
• Trends in the Indian Medical Tourism Industry
• Health Tourism Services in India
• Available Opportunities in the Indian Medical Tourism
• Top Hospitals for Medical Tourism in India

Key Segments in the Global India Medical Tourism Industry

By treatment type:.

• Dental Treatment
• Cosmetic Treatment
• Cardiovascular Treatment
• Orthopedic Treatment
• Neurological Treatment
• Cancer Treatment
• Fertility Treatment

By Services:

• Wellness Services
• Therapeutic Services

By Tour Type:

• Independent Traveler Tour
• Group Package Traveler

By Consumer Orientation:

By age group:.

• 15-25 Years
• 26-35 Years
• 36-45 Years
• 46-55 Years
• 66-75 Years

By Booking Channel:

• Phone Booking
• Online Booking
• In-Person Booking

Frequently Asked Questions

How big is the medical tourism industry in india.

The medical tourism industry in India is expected to be worth US$ 10,362.9 million in 2024.

What is the Sales Forecast for India's Medical Tourism through 2034?

The medical tourism industry in India is expected to reach US$ 50,670.5 million by 2034.

At What Rate is the Medical Tourism Industry Growing in India?

The India medical tourism industry is developing at a CAGR of 17.20% from 2024 to 2034.

Who are the key Companies in India’s Medical Tourism Industry?

Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Healthcare, Max Healthcare, Medanta - The Medicity, Narayana Health, Manipal Hospitals, etc., are some of the key players in the industry.

What was the Overall Value of the India Medical Tourism Industry in 2023?

The valuation of the medical tourism industry in India was US$ 8,767.2 million in 2023.

Table of Content

List of tables, list of charts.

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India Medical Tourism Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2024 - 2029)

India's Medical Tourism Market is segmented by treatment type (dental treatment, cosmetic treatment, cardiovascular treatment, orthopedic treatment, neurological treatment, cancer treatment, fertility treatment, and others) and service provider (public and private). The report offers market size and forecasts in value (USD) for the above segments.

• India Medical Tourism Market Size

Need a report that reflects how COVID-19 has impacted this market and its growth?

India Medical Tourism Market Analysis

The India Medical Tourism Market size is estimated at USD 7.69 billion in 2024, and is expected to reach USD 14.31 billion by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 13.23% during the forecast period (2024-2029).

The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak significantly impacted the India Medical Tourism Market, like the global healthcare industry. The pandemic led to widespread travel restrictions and lockdowns, severely limiting patients' ability to travel for medical treatment and resulting in a decline in medical tourism. The India Medical Tourism Market was also affected by decreased demand for non-essential medical procedures, as patients prioritized their safety and avoided unnecessary travel. Many medical facilities were also repurposed to treat Covid-19 patients, limiting the availability of medical services for foreign patients.

India became a popular destination for medical tourism due to its advanced healthcare facilities, skilled healthcare professionals, and lower costs of medical treatments compared to developed countries. The India Medical Tourism Market offers various medical services, including cardiac surgery, organ transplantation, cosmetic surgery, dental care, and traditional medicine. The Indian government implemented various policies and initiatives to promote medical tourism, such as streamlined visa processes and developing specialized medical tourism zones. In addition, India includes a large pool of English-speaking doctors and nurses, which makes it easier for patients from English-speaking countries to communicate with their healthcare providers.

• India Medical Tourism Market Trends

Increase in the Number of Medical Tourists in India is Driving the Market

India saw a significant increase in medical tourists over the past few years. One of the primary reasons is the country's advanced medical facilities, which offer world-class treatments and procedures at a fraction cost of comparable treatments in other countries. This cost-effectiveness made India an attractive destination for patients seeking affordable healthcare. The country includes a large pool of highly trained medical professionals like doctors, surgeons, and nurses skilled in the latest medical procedures and techniques. This expertise and the country's advanced medical facilities made India a popular destination for specialized treatments such as organ transplants, cardiac surgeries, and orthopedic surgeries.

One of the most critical factors is low-cost treatment by esteemed hospitals in India. People usually look for similar treatment in nations that can provide it cheaper. Apart from that, in some countries, obtaining a visa requires a lengthy process. Due to the low-cost treatments available in India, it ranks at number 7 amongst the 20 wellness tourism markets, with over 560 lacs trips made to India for medical value tourism generating USD 16.3 billion in revenue. It also ranks at number 3 in wellness-focused countries in the Asia-Pacific.

Expansion of Healthcare Infrastructure in India is Driving the Marekt

India saw a significant expansion in its healthcare infrastructure over the past few years. This expansion is driven by public and private investment in healthcare and government initiatives to improve healthcare access and quality across the country. One of the key areas of expansion in healthcare infrastructure in India is the construction of new hospitals and healthcare facilities. Many new hospitals and healthcare centers were built nationwide, particularly in urban areas, to meet the growing healthcare service demand. These facilities are equipped with the latest medical equipment and technologies and staffed by highly trained medical professionals.

In addition to new hospitals, India saw an expansion in its healthcare workforce. The government launched several initiatives to increase the number of healthcare professionals in the country, including training programs for doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers.

Another expansion area in India's healthcare infrastructure is the development of telemedicine and other digital health technologies. These technologies allow patients in remote areas to access healthcare services and consultations from doctors and specialists elsewhere in the country. It helped improve healthcare access and quality in underserved areas and made healthcare services more convenient and accessible for patients.

Overall, expanding healthcare infrastructure in India helped improve healthcare access and quality nationwide, making it easier for patients to access the necessary treatments and services. With continued investment and government support, India's healthcare infrastructure is poised for further growth in the coming years, which will help to improve healthcare outcomes for patients across the country.

India Medical Tourism Industry Overview

The Indian Medical Tourism Market is fragmented. Each country includes unique attractions and tourism offerings, resulting in diverse travel options for visitors. India's top medical tourism destinations are Mumbai, Chennai, New Delhi, Ahmedabad, and Bangalore. The major players in this market are Clinicspots, Vaidam, MediConnect India, Forerunners Healthcare, and Mediniq.

India Medical Tourism Market Leaders

Clinicspots

MediConnect India

Forerunners Healthcare

*Disclaimer: Major Players sorted in no particular order

India Medical Tourism Market News

• January 2023: Alpine Health Systems launched a new AI-powered solution to streamline complex hospital discharge with OSF HealthCare and High Alpha Innovation support. The platform allows case managers to quickly identify at-risk patients and safely transition to an appropriate care site.
• August 2022: Apollo Hospitals Enterprise, India's first multi-specialty, announced the acquisition of a hospital asset in Gurugram from Nayati Healthcare and Research for a consideration of around INR 450 crore (USD 6.075 Million).

India Medical Tourism Market Report - Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition

1.2 Scope of the Study

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4. MARKET DYNAMICS AND INSIGHTS

4.1 Market Overview

4.2 Market Drivers

4.3 Market Restraints

4.4 Industry Value Chain Analysis

4.5 Industry Attractiveness - Porter's Five Forces Analysis

4.5.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers

4.5.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers

4.5.3 Threat of New Entrants

4.5.4 Threat of Substitutes

4.5.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

4.6 Insights on Key Trends and Recent Developments in the Market

4.7 Impact of COVID-19 on the Market

5. MARKET SEGMENTATION

5.1 By Treatment Type

5.1.1 Dental Treatment

5.1.2 Cosmetic Treatment

5.1.3 Cardiovascular Treatment

5.1.4 Orthopedic Treatment

5.1.5 Neurological Treatment

5.1.6 Cancer Treatment

5.1.7 Fertility Treatment

5.1.8 Others

5.2 By Service Provider

5.2.1 Public

5.2.2 Private

6. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

6.1 Market Concentration Overview

6.2 Company Profiles

6.2.1 Clinicspots

6.2.2 Vaidam

6.2.3 MediConnect India

6.2.4 Forerunners Healthcare

6.2.5 Mediniq

6.2.6 Global Treatment Services

6.2.7 Health Opinion

6.2.8 ANAVARA

6.2.9 Tour2India4Health

6.2.10 Apollo Hospital*

• *List Not Exhaustive

7. MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS

8. DISCLAIMER AND ABOUT US

India Medical Tourism Industry Segmentation

Medical tourism is traveling to another country to obtain medical treatment or procedures. It may be done for various reasons, such as seeking lower costs for medical care, accessing treatments or procedures that may not be available in one's home country, or avoiding long waiting lists for certain medical procedures.

India Medical Tourism Market Research FAQs

How big is the india medical tourism market.

The India Medical Tourism Market size is expected to reach USD 7.69 billion in 2024 and grow at a CAGR of 13.23% to reach USD 14.31 billion by 2029.

What is the current India Medical Tourism Market size?

In 2024, the India Medical Tourism Market size is expected to reach USD 7.69 billion.

Who are the key players in India Medical Tourism Market?

Clinicspots, Vaidam, MediConnect India, Forerunners Healthcare and Mediniq are the major companies operating in the India Medical Tourism Market.

What years does this India Medical Tourism Market cover, and what was the market size in 2023?

In 2023, the India Medical Tourism Market size was estimated at USD 6.79 billion. The report covers the India Medical Tourism Market historical market size for years: 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. The report also forecasts the India Medical Tourism Market size for years: 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028 and 2029.

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India Medical Tourism Industry Report

Statistics for the 2024 India Medical Tourism market share, size and revenue growth rate, created by Mordor Intelligence™ Industry Reports. India Medical Tourism analysis includes a market forecast outlook to 2029 and historical overview. Get a sample of this industry analysis as a free report PDF download.

India Medical Tourism Market Report Snapshots

• India Medical Tourism Market Share
• India Medical Tourism Companies

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An Assessment of Competitiveness of Medical Tourism Industry in India: A Case of Delhi NCR

Neha malhotra.

Ambedkar University, Delhi, India

Kartik Dave

Associated data.

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

Code sharing is not applicable to this study as no new code was created or analysed in this study.

India has emerged as a prominent medical tourism hub, yet the dynamic forces in the regional and global landscape are creating a complex balance of opportunities and risks for the Indian stakeholders. The outbreak of Corona virus pandemic in 2019 has further complicated the market dynamics for the medical tourism industry. This study aims to analyse the key driving factors for the medical tourism industry in India and the issues that Indian stakeholders should address in crafting a winning strategy. A qualitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through semi structured in-depth interviews with practitioners and senior representatives of the hospital management. The study adopted abduction logic and analysed data by means of constant comparison method. The study presents the assessment of the medical tourism industry in India and the scope of opportunity for Indian players.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42943-022-00060-0.

Introduction

Catalysed by emerging technologies, varying economic and demographic trends and a new age of healthcare consumerism; the worldwide scenario of healthcare is rapidly evolving. Additionally, a growing ageing population, and a swelling burden of diseases is rising the demand and cost of medical services. This evolution in healthcare is driving cross-country and cross-industry convergence (Deloitte Global, 2021 ), resulting in an upsurge in the worldwide medical tourism market. As this trend towards the healthcare is enduring around the world, more and more countries are extending their health systems to access care, not just for their natives but also gaining strength as leading service providers for international patients. While much of the initial focus was on the developed world, the epicentre is now shifting towards the emerging countries. Governments of these developing countries are working towards prioritising their health systems; enhancing productivity, boosting avenues for innovation and entrepreneurship, generating employment opportunities, increasing foreign exchange earnings, and hence driving GDP growth (Rahman, 2019 ).

India has been having its own unprecedented progress in this sector. To counter the emergent health issues, the health system in India has metamorphosed rapidly since the 90 s and has become the focal point of development. With the presence of clinical and technical expertise, international standards and highly competitive prices; India has emerged as a leading contender in the medical tourism industry (Bagga et al., 2020 ). Yet the accelerating shift in the regional and global landscape is making it challenging for the stakeholders to balance opportunities with risks. The industry is showing ramification of rapid disruption and intensified competition. Service providers are facing new playing fields. Recognizing this change alone isn’t enough. Government and entrepreneurs need to become adept at dealing with disruption and adapt the operating models, in a holistic way, to mitigate the outcomes of the shifting paradigm. It is imperative to introspect and identify the capabilities and resources that stakeholders need to realise. This is critical to endure the sophistication and competence of the medical tourism industry in India.

The outbreak of Corona virus pandemic in 2019 has further complicated the market dynamics for the medical tourism industry. Uncertainty over travel restrictions, changing quarantine measures across the world and the overall unprecedentedness of the situation, have made the entire ecosystem of medical tourism industry more precarious. With cross-border travel restrictions and the need to redirect hospital resources to treat COVID-19 patients, healthcare providers have to manage a dual burden of economic and health crises (Stackpole et al., 2021 ). The challenges posed by this pandemic have further demonstrated how crucial it has become for medical tourism industry in India to review their competitive positioning, access deeper competencies and build resilience.

A review of extant literature indicates very little empirical research has been done to done to examine factors of competitiveness of a medical tourism destination (Abubakar & Ilkan, 2016 ; Heung et al., 2010 ; Thayarnsin & Douglas, 2016 ; Yeoh et al., 2013 ). Theoretical understanding around the phenomena requires further academic attention (Chuang et al., 2014 ), specifically with regards to the perspective of medical tourism providers (Taheri et al., 2021 ). Virani et al. ( 2020 ) have also directed our attention to the neglect of policy-relevant research on medical tourism. This study aims to address this gap. By considering the perspective of medical practitioners and senior representatives of hospital management, this study identifies and analyses the key factors driving success in medical tourism industry and the issues that Indian healthcare providers and policymakers should address in crafting a winning strategy. Taking Delhi NCR as the context, this outlook propounds insightful research into the existing state of medical tourism industry in India, explores the dimensions and factors that can help India shape an effective ecosystem for this sector and suggests considerations for an optimum future of medical tourism industry in India.

Literature Review

The literature review encompasses a succinct discussion on the medical tourism industry, its global trends and the current state of Asian and Indian medical tourism industry, along with the key dimensions of medical tourism as highlighted in the literature.

Medical Tourism

Globalisation is restructuring the industries worldwide. Medical tourism is one such manifestation of globalisation in the healthcare industry (Connell, 2013 ; Ganguli & Ebrahim, 2017 ). Broadly it refers to travelling internationally for healthcare. Since its rapid development in 1990s, medical tourism has received a major reflection from both academia and industry. Though the growing interest to study this industry is well evident, there is still no international consent on the definition or measure of this sector. The existing literature addresses the terms health tourism and medical tourism in a loose and disorganised manner. Terms frequently used, and often synonymously, in this regard are ‘ medical tourism ’, ‘health tourism’, ‘medical travel’, ‘health travel’ and ‘cross-border healthcare’. While some researchers have used “medical travel” and “health travel” synonymously (Gola, 2016 ) others refer to health tourism as a wider field with medical tourism as its subset (Carrera & Bridges, 2006 ; Smith & Puczko, 2009 ). In agreement with Smith and Puczko ( 2009 ), this study represents medical tourism distinctly from other subsets of health tourism. The word ‘medical’ here refers to illness, disorder or injuries. As put forth by Jagyasi ( 2008 ), medical tourism is “the set of activities in which a person travels often long distance or across the border, to avail medical services with direct or indirect engagement in leisure, business or other purposes”. Contrarily, health tourism is a wide-ranging phenomenon where travel can be undertaken for a variety of reasons from preventive and health-conductive treatment to rehabilitation and curative forms of travel (Dunets, et al., 2020 ). Other than medical tourism, health tourism encompasses other related fields like—wellness tourism (involving relaxation and exercises) and sports/adventure tourism (involving outdoor recreation) (Hall, 2011 ). Medical tourism itself has sub branches like ‘reproductive tourism’ and ‘dental tourism’. Another emerging term is “domestic tourism” which refers to the act of travelling within one’s own country for medical purposes (Hudson & Li, 2012 ; Reddy, 2010 ). This study focuses primarily on medical tourism and identifies this practice as travelling internationally to receive medical treatment.

Global Medical Tourism Trends

Lack of specific data, novelty of the concept, and the fragmented and unstructured nature of this industry makes it challenging to review this industry and give an estimate of its size (Chambers & McIntosh, 2008 ; de la Hoz-Correa et al., 2018 ). Prominent market research databases have reported global medical tourism market to be worth USD 104.7 billion in 2019, and have projected it to grow at a CAGR of 12.8%, to reach USD 273.7 billion by 2027 (Chhabra et al., 2021 ; Taheri et al., 2021 ).

Even though there is no fixed estimate of this industry, medical tourism is well-considered amongst the most dynamically growing industries today. Trade economists have documented a strong impact of this phenomenon on the global economy (Bookman & Bookman, 2007 ) especially the emerging countries of the world (Lee & Hung, 2010 ; Pafford, 2009 ). It not only adds to their foreign exchange, but also boosts investments in the medical and tourism sector streamlining their services (Ramirez de Arellano, 2007 ). Asia has been specifically considered as a hub for medical tourism (Connell, 2006 ). Countries like Singapore, India, Thailand, Brunei, Cuba, Hong Kong, Hungary, Israel, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, the Philippines, and the United Arab Emirates have emerged as major providers for healthcare services to international patients (Heung, et al., 2010 ). Several other countries like Mexico, Turkey, Brazil, Costa Rica, Argentina and Bolivia are also working toward establishing themselves as major healthcare destinations (Singh, 2008 ).

The global demand and expenditure for healthcare services is on a rise due to factors such as growing and ageing populations, changing disease patterns and rapid transformations in costly digital technologies. With the rising disparity in healthcare costs, governments, corporations and individuals are looking at outsourcing healthcare facilities to emerging markets (Turner, 2007 ), especially those with advance and cost-effective healthcare facilities, and a proximity to developed countries. Medical tourism is also a viable and economical option for uninsured or underinsured patients. On the other hand, there is a substantial disparity in the quality of healthcare services. Patients from countries with limited government spending on healthcare and under developed private sector are forced to look at options beyond their borders. (KPMG, 2014 ).

Medical Tourism Industry in Asia

Last decade has seen Asia as an emerging leader of the medical tourism industry. This growth is fuelled by the availability of a variety of high quality and cost-effective medical procedures in Asia, improved connectivity and infrastructure and along with the presence of attractive locations to explore. The availability of advanced treatments in fields such as cardiology, neurology, orthopaedic, spine, ophthalmology along with aesthetics and alternative treatments like Ayurveda, Unani, Herbal and Yoga, makes Asia a sought-after destination. With private sector as the primary driver of medical tourism in this region, Asia has seen a faster growth of this industry vis-a-vis any other region globally. Many prominent healthcare providers in Asia are internationally accredited and have positioned themselves as distinguished service providers to patients from both within the region and far beyond. A market research on medical tourism industry anticipates the medical tourism market in Asia to cross USD 14 Billion by 2022 (iGATE Research, 2017 ). The research reports that Thailand, Singapore and India account for maximum proportion of international medical tourists in this region, followed by South Korea and Malaysia. Philippines and Taiwan are amongst other fast emerging markets in this sector. International patients contribute to a one-third or more of revenue in these private hospitals, and hence several private hospitals in this region are targeting this global world medical travellers’ market and have also gained a strong position for themselves in the industry (Mooter, 2017 ). An increased focus from government, foreign investment inflows and emerging startups are fueling up the competition not just between countries, but players as well. With the competition becoming stiffer, these countries and players are becoming more proactive in building their unique identifiers. Price is no longer the only factor of differentiation, countries are now looking at founding their proposition on parameters like diverse offerings, niche market, customized offering and even luxury (KPMG, 2014 ).

Medical Tourism Industry in India

Healthcare is amongst the largest and most complex sectors in India and is poised to touch USD 133.44 billion by 2020 (Outlook India, 2019 ). Healthcare in India is becoming one of biggest industries in terms of revenue generation and employment as well. Giving further impetus to this industry is the medical tourism sector which is bolstering the level of enhancements of care services in India. Table A1, as given in Supplementary Appendix file, states some basic facts related to the medical tourism industry in India. With its key differentiating factors of extremely competitive pricing, highly trained doctors, high quality care and availability of a range of treatments, India has realized the potential of medical tourism and positioned itself as one of the largest service providers in this region (Connell, 2013 ; KPMG, 2014 ; Medhekar et al., 2019 ). A study by KPMG India and Google, has pegged the medical travel industry in India at USD 4.8 Billion in 2017 (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ). The pre-Covid estimations expected the Indian medical tourism market to reach USD 13 billion by 2020 (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ). Despite the deliberative effects of Covid-19 on Travel and hospitality industry, the Indian medical tourism was estimated between USD 5–6 billion in 2021 (Financial Express, 2022 ). A right combination of cost efficiency and quality has driven the growth of this sector in India. Table A2, as given in supplementary appendix file, gives a comparative cost chart, for some common procedures, between India and other major medical tourism destination. Further the presence of a robust private sector, with international accreditations, has reinforced India’s standing. India offers a range of treatments from cardiology, neuro, paediatrics, ortho, ophthalmology, urology, gynaecology, general surgery, dental, cosmetics along with traditional healing options (Qadeer & Reddy, 2013 ). As per a report by Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, around 4,95,000 medical tourists travelled to India in 2017, with Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Iraq, Maldives being the top 5 source countries followed by Oman, Yemen, Uzbekistan, Kenya, Nigeria and Tanzania (Ministry of Tourism, 2018 ). In the following years larger share of travel is expected from Africa and GEC countries (KPMG India & Google, 2018 ).Realizing the opportunity, Government of India has taken a few initiatives to promote and encourage the growth of medical travel to the country. These include Government of India’s health tourism policy; setting up a ‘National Medical & Wellness Tourism Promotion Board’ for regulatory, accreditation and marketing issues; accreditation of hospitals under the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals; dedicated website to promote medical and wellness tourism; promotions at international platforms such as World Travel Mart London, ITB Berlin, ATM, etc.; coverage under Ministry of Tourism's ‘Incredible India Campaign’; introducing separate category of medical visas—‘M Visas’; a proposal for setting up tourism circuits, along with a medical circuit which will connect modern medicine centres and Ayurveda; providing fiscal support and other benefits under Market Development Assistance Scheme (MDA); and lowering import duties on medical technology, equipment and machinery (KPMG, 2014 ; Medhekar et al., 2019 ; Ministry of Tourism, 2018 ).

Key Dimensions of Medical Tourism Industry

This section presents the factors, as highlighted in the literature, that impact the development of medical tourism in a region. Cost and quality are considered amongst the most important dimensions of medical tourism industry (Aziz et al., 2015 ; Bagga et al., 2020 ; Cortez, 2008 ). Affordability and service quality of hospitality and tourism have also been considered as important attributes for a medical tourism destination (Chuang et al., 2014 ; Fetscherin & Stephano, 2016 ; Olya & Nia, 2021 ).

Several studies, e.g. Ghosh and Mandal ( 2019 ) and Fetscherin and Stephano ( 2016 ), have highlighted the importance of the type of treatments offered, medical facilities, practitioner competence, service quality and standards of medical care offered by the service providers (Kamassi et al., 2020 ). Technological upgradation and medical innovation are other important factors linked to the success in this sector (Cortez, 2008 ; Velasco et al., 2013 ). Literature also points towards the importance of trust, credibility, perception and hence the need for certification, international standards and accreditation (Debata et al., 2015 ; Hall, 2011 ; Seow et al., 2017 ).

Beladi et al. ( 2019 ) and Ebrahim and Ganguli ( 2019 ) have explored the role of human resource development and administrative efficiency. Infrastructure and facilities with regards to accommodation, transportation, communication are other important dimensions recognized for medical tourism (Heung & Kucukusta, 2013 ; Kamassi et al., 2020 ).

Country specific factors and attributes such as country knowledge, culture, language, accessibility, safety and security, have also been analysed (Bagga et al., 2020 ; Cham et al., 2021 ; Olya & Nia, 2021 ). Crouch and Ritchie ( 2005 ) in their study have highlighted the importance of socio-cultural and political environment of the destination country. Tourism-specific factors of the destination country, such as weather, attractions, culture and exoticness, have also been considered while studying the attractiveness of a medical tourism destination (Fetscherin & Stephano, 2016 ; Lovelock et al., 2018 ).

Medical tourism destination marketing, destination branding and tourism destination image have also been considered important with respect to the development of medical tourism in any region (Hoz-Correa & Muñoz-Leiva, 2019 ).

Studies have also observed public and private coordination and collaboration of the medical tourism stakeholders, to enhance the development of medical tourism sector (Beladi et al., 2019 ; Ebrahim & Ganguli, 2019 ). Government support and a favourable policy framework have been considered as important factors for this industry (Hall, 2011 ; Wang, 2012 ). Snyder et al. ( 2015 ) and Omay and Cengiz ( 2013 ) have specifically advocated the need for a regulatory framework and policy intervention to improve the efficiency coordination, uniformity and standardisation in this sector and promote the medical tourism industry (Momeni et al., 2018 ).

Methodology

Considering the emerging nature of this industry, qualitative approach was exercised to truly analyse the value proposition of India as a medical tourism destination. A qualitative framework encourages both theoretical and applied knowledge and aids in the development of novel and alternate theories (Bygrave, 1989 ; Creswell, 2013 ). Case study method was adopted to classify and analyse the dimensions that can position India as a prominent healthcare service provider for overseas patients. Merriam ( 2002 ) describes case study as a comprehensive description and examination of a phenomenon or a social unit of study. The case being studied becomes the boundary of the research, and by focussing on a single context this approach seeks to offer an extensive enquiry and meaning of the phenomenon under study (Creswell, 2007 ; Miles & Huberman, 1994 ; Yin, 2011 ). For the present research, context was bounded geographically and the problem at hand was thoroughly explored in the Delhi-NCR region. As also suggested by Stake ( 1995 ), a holistic analysis of medical tourism industry in Delhi NCR allowed for an instrumental way to investigate the phenomenon at a broader level in India.

The Case Study Context: Delhi NCR

This study was conducted in Delhi NCR, i.e. National Capital Region of India. It includes Delhi, officially the NCT, National Capital Territory in India and several other regions neighbouring it; Gurugram, NOIDA and Faridabad being the prominent ones. Delhi NCR has witnessed an unprecedented growth in both, the healthcare infrastructure and as well as services in this last decade. The presence of corporate majors like Fortis, Max, Apollo; high-end hospitals like Medanta, Artemis; day care surgery centres and specialised centres, such as for IVF, eye care, birthing centres; has enabled Delhi NCR to emerge as a healthcare hub (Kachhap, 2012 ). Increased activity from the new corporate players have also spurred the existing older players like BLK, Gangaram and Moolchand to revive and widen their portfolio. These healthcare brands are consistently working towards building a strong medical tourism sector. With its robust medical infrastructure, advanced medical specialities, competitive pricing and highly trained doctors, Delhi NCR is amongst the most prominent healthcare destinations in India for international patients. These hospitals provide valuable services to medical tourists, ranging from special wards and lounges for international patients and their companions, translator services, international cuisines, accommodation services and the like. Moreover, its connectivity, location and rich cultural heritage and presence of international standards of hospitality make Delhi NCR a prime tourist destination. These factors make Delhi NCR an important context for exploring the medical tourism industry in India as a whole.

Data Collection

The qualitative approach and exploratory nature of this study maintains that the researcher becomes an agency for data collection. This enables the researcher to get close to the social phenomenon being studied and enable a deeper understanding of the social reality (Bryman, 1988 ; Marshall & Rossman, 1995 ). This also gives researcher the flexibility to delve into the issues that emerge during the study. The qualitative data for this study was collected by the researchers through semi structured in-depth interviews with senior practitioners, and senior members of hospital management. Conducting interviews allowed the researchers to apprehend wide-ranging perspectives and experiences of respondents with regards to medical tourism.

Potential participants for interviews were identified through purposive sampling, to ensure appropriateness, purpose and rich information. Participants were selected from multi-speciality hospitals, offering healthcare services to medical tourists, and through ongoing referrals from interview participants. Table A3, as given in supplementary appendix file, gives a brief profile of the respondents of this study. As a wide-ranging guideline for qualitative design, the study did not look for an increasing number of cases but aimed to collect an extensive detail from each case under study (Creswell, 2007 ). For this research the number of participant cases to be studied was not predetermined. Instead, taking reference from Maykut and Morehouse ( 1994 ), as the study progressed and data was analysed, additional cases required were determined by the extent to which each additional case would contribute to the understanding of the research problem. Data collection was concluded when it was realised that the emerging issues and themes were getting “saturated” and no new data was being found (Creswell, 2007 ; Glaser & Strauss, 1967 ; Strauss & Corbin, 1990 , 1998 ). For this study data saturation occurred within 20 samples. Having a smaller sample size allowed the research to spend an extensive time with each case and encouraged that the understanding, of Delhi-NCR’s competitiveness as a medical tourism destination, which emerged was representative of the practitioners’ perspective (Shaw, 1999 ).

The interviews were conducted in the respondents’ hospitals. The interviews lasted for about 45 min. These were conducted face to face, were audio recorded, after checking with the participants, and later transcribed verbatim. Vital areas of concern were recognised after a thorough literature review on medical tourism and an appraisal of the dimensions of competitiveness of a medical tourism destination, identified by (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ). These served as the guide for conducting interviews.

Data Analysis

Data was analysed by means of constant comparison method as outlined by Glaser and Strauss ( 1967 ), Strauss and Corbin ( 1990 , 1998 ) and Creswell ( 2007 ). Accordingly, data collection and data analysis were done simultaneously. This allowed the researcher to make necessary adjustment to the research process, such as, sample selection, and testing the emerging themes or concepts with subsequent data (Merriam, 2002 ). This study has adopted the ‘abduction’ logic for data analysis. An abductive analysis approach emphasizes that instead of keeping all predefined theoretical concepts aside, a researcher should enter the field with a broad theoretical understanding and during the research process develop and build upon their theoretical repertoires (Timmermans & Tavory, 2012 ). As also proposed by Lichy et al. ( 2020 ), since the data set for this study was modest in size, coding was conducted manually.

The theoretical background referred to in this paper is a study, by the same authors, on the dimensions and drivers of medical tourism industry. (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) previously developed this paper based on a systematic review of empirical studies on the medical tourism industry globally. The purpose of the study was to identify and analyse the factors and dimensions that influence the competitiveness of a country as a medical tourism destination. Figure  1 outlines the dimensions identified by their study. These are structured around the domains of medical tourism opportunity and a country’s positioning, infrastructure and health human resource competence, care delivery, governance and regulatory framework.

Factors influencing a country’s medical tourism industry.

Source: Malhotra & Dave ( 2022 )

This study uses the extant structure to systemize its findings from research work in Delhi NCR that pursues an understanding on how the value proposition of medical tourism industry can be redefined here. This helps us explore the wider relevance of the proposed dimensions in the study by (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) and its implications in a specific context. By analysing the experiences of the practitioners from Delhi NCR, the study has able been able to identify an additional dimension that impact a medical tourism destinations’ competitiveness. This dimension is the role of medical facilitators and it has been included in the existing domain of Refined Delivery. Taken together, this has helped to emerge a more comprehensive range of dimensions that are relevant for the development of an advanced medical tourism destination.

This section organises the fieldwork findings around the dimensions outlined in the (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) study to identify any contrast and facilitate discussion on Delhi-NCR’s proposition as a medical tourism destination. These dimensions are: assessing a country’s competence as a medical tourism destination, successful positioning and government as a facilitator. While each of these dimensions have been considered independently, for analytical purpose, the apparent correlation between these three domains should be acknowledged. Along with this the discussion also includes respondents’ views on the opportunity assessment of medical tourism for India, its benefits and social implications.

Assessing Medical Tourism as an Opportunity

The ambiguity in the size or figures of the medical tourism market, as highlighted in the literature review, was also reported in the fieldwork of this study. Participants emphasised the concern regarding lack of data on the volume of value of this industry or the market shares. Almost all respondents saw medical tourism as an opportunity for India. They reflected that the market is increasing on a year-to-year basis and that there is a huge potential for the coming 5 to 10 years as well. The major reasons reported for India’s exponential growth in this segment is its clinical expertise, major cost competitiveness over other countries, conducive and friendly environment.

“Reason for the growth is that India has the advantage of being clinically excellent. Technology if not the best is at par with most other countries, our clinicians are trained abroad and they are returning back to practice in India. So clinical excellence has built up” (Respondent 9) “Indian hospitals are clinically sound, environment is conducive, we have a price point advantage over many other countries, then we speak a language that is understood, or getting people who speak their language is easier and cost effective” (Respondent 11)

Some of the respondents also highlighted the evolution in the medical tourism industry, with destination countries getting matured and looking to invest in their own healthcare infrastructure, new medical tourist hubs coming up and a growing impetus of value driven services.

“Very soon you’ll see, facilities there will be developed, clinicians from here will go and train their people. They will still carry back procedures, which cannot be done there, because of the environment, or which require critical post-op care.” (Respondent 14)

Assessing a Country’s Competence as a Medical Tourist Destination

A well-crafted strategy can lay the foundation for a competitive destination for medical tourism and creating an environment of holistic care for medical tourists. The study shows a consensus on the competence of India and specifically Delhi NCR as a healthcare provider.

Healthcare Infrastructure

In the last decade, Delhi NCR has seen the emergence of a robust private healthcare system. Most respondents agreed that Delhi-NCR’s healthcare infrastructure, if not superior, is at par with most other destinations. And that it is one of prominent drivers of medical tourism industry here.

“In purely technical terms of medical infrastructure, I think we are at par with both Singapore and Thailand, or any other country for that matters, where they have an edge over us?? I think it’s in terms of their overall infrastructure…their ethos of cleanliness for example. It takes us an effort to do that, whereas in a place like Singapore it’s given, so that’s the challenge for us Indians” (Respondent 9)

Refined Delivery

Respondents indicate a lack of streamlined and standardised care delivery. This includes not just healthcare services, but service touch points of travel, tourism, airport and hospitality. While Delhi NCR has an appeal over factors such as accommodation, cultural adaptability, language interpreters and general conduciveness, it still has a long way to go.

“Facilities and infrastructure in hospitals are no less than anywhere else, but I think the degree of professionalism can improve a lot. Our systems and processes are not as smooth as how they should be... like the whole process starts when a patient needs medical care in a certain country, so he gets in touch with a local hospital or agent in the source country who in turn gets in tough with the hospital here, that interface could be smoother.” (Respondent 11) “It’s not about their lack of trust on India’s healthcare system, its generally the perception of India as a country and safety of their travel. Say for e.g., patient addressal mechanism could be stronger.” (Respondent 6)

The ‘role of medical facilitators’ was not highlighted in (Malhotra & Dave, 2022 ) original framework. The research work in this study in the Delhi-NCR region, however, raised a number of critical systems impacts and policy implications regarding the role of medical facilitators or middlemen in the Indian medical tourism market. Participants demonstrated a consistent view regarding the prominent role of the facilitators in the medical value chain, in channelizing the international patients towards a particular country and subsequently a healthcare service provider. There was also a prevalent concern regarding the lack of transparency and regulation in the way these middlemen operate, quality of service delivered, corruption or any unethical practices, and most of all a lack of credibility. Participants expressed an apprehension on the way these facilitators impact the quality of care delivery or the overall experience of overseas patients.

“There are these middlemen, also known as facilitators, they form a very important but also the weakest link in this chain. There is no accountability, no regulation… all this can severely impact the service delivery and in turn our name, our credibility goes down” (Respondent 8)

Quality Driven by Standardized Protocols

Most respondents have recognised the importance of accreditation. Issue of safety and quality is a primary concern for the medical tourists. Delhi-NCR hospitals are accredited with both Indian standard of—National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH) and more importantly Joint Commission International (JCI).

“NABH is a recent Indian government initiative to get some sort of quality standardisation in the healthcare industry, it’s not as stringent as JCI, but at least some initiation has been done.” (Respondent 4) “We had our first international accreditation done in 2006 and now second one around 2011–12. The Indian NABH is comparable, but it’s fairly new and not recognised well in international market. Say JCI is well recognised internationally, so we have to get that done if we want to get recognition in the international healthcare industry. Though sometime one is not able to justify the cost incurred on these international accreditations, but still they are very important.” (Respondent 15)

Enhanced Healthcare Human Resource Development

Though Delhi-NCR’s hospitals are clinically competent, lack of skill at the paramedic level was felt by several; respondents. Most respondents reflected the need for superior training programmes for paramedics, and not just in specialities but also in general category and front staff. Only then will service quality standards be met. Respondents expressed the problem of lack of retention of trained paramedics and healthcare workforce.

“Areas of improvement for us would be paramedics. We don’t have training institutes; we need to have a much more vibrant infrastructure for skilling people. Skill development is not there. One excuse given here is the numbers we deal with makes it impossible to work on trainings…” (Respondent 8) “Doctors travel to enhance their skills, where is the exposure for paramedics? On the job training is never enough to improve their service standards.” (Respondent 2)

Coordination and Collaboration for a Superior Care Delivery

Most respondents highlighted a lack of coordination or participation at an industry level. Though several forums like FICCI, CII and the like have been recognised to have some level of representation, however these collaborations and partnerships are still at an early stage. An important reason highlighted was the clash of opinions between players. The industry is still at a fragmented state, where each hospital is strategizing to increase its share in the pie.

Successful Positioning

Most respondents spoke about the individual efforts and strategies, at the group hospital level. Each corporate is trying to position in the international market, in its own capacity. There are some efforts by the government as well in this regard.

“Yes, these corporate groups and other private players are strategizing for capturing medical tourism market, it is a big agenda for them.” (Respondent 5 )

By far, Delhi NCR has been able to position itself as a clinically competent and a cost-effective player. It also scores over other players in terms of its cultural adaptability and soft service skills. Indian doctors are considered more approachable.

“On the price that we are charging, the service that we are giving is very good. We have a patient from Canada, he tells us that our service quality, the kind of attention we give is far better than what they get in west. Because, here we give personal attention, people talk to you, they are ready to go out of their way to help you…” (Respondent 3)

Government as a Facilitator

There was a mixed opinion regarding the role of government as a facilitator. A majority of the respondents felt that government should stay out of the medical tourism sector and the system. They strongly felt that any kind of intervention or regulation by the government would hamper the growth of this industry in India.

“Thankfully govt doesn’t interfere, else the business would go down. As in case of many other sectors... the fact that govt has stayed away from this business like in case of IT sector, has helped the business to come to a certain level... the moment govt steps in, and starts the process of licencing, permits, accreditation. the whole system will come down… let this run as a free market interaction, cause that will bring the best quality at the lowest price… leave the market to its business...” (Respondent 7)

The other opinion recognises the government’s efforts in a positive state. They feel the government has stepped in whenever it needs to, for visa facilitation, rationalisation of visa costs as the like. Initiatives from government and regulatory bodies are required to make the system cleaner and more transparent.

“Regulation is like a double edge sword, it helps you in certain things, it harms you in certain ways. So as long as the regulations are crafted carefully, taking in to the considerations the infrastructure of the institutions…” (Respondent 15)

Social Implications and Benefits of Medical Tourism

The widely shared outlook demonstrated the positive impact of medical tourism on a country’s healthcare and tourism industry. Participants expressed a consistent vision of an overall upgradation of both healthcare and basic infrastructure in the country as a result of the fast-growing competition in the medical tourism market. The participants typically did not express a concern on the social implication of medical tourism industry on the domestic healthcare industry of India, however suggested a holistic outlook to the entire proposition.

“We should not ague on how encouraging medical tourism in India can have a negative impact in our own healthcare burden... If you see we have come a long way, our healthcare system, our medical expertise, technology, has progressed immensely… competition is good for any industry.” (Respondent 12) “If we talk about the impact of medical tourism on Indian healthcare industry, I should say it’s been a positive one… this proposition has added value, credibility and given us a global visibility. One can see a long-term benefit to the domestic industry, not just healthcare but other sectors as well, tourism, logistics, hospitality… Our overall standards of service and hospitality is increasing.” (Respondent 12)

Research aimed at exploring the sources of competitiveness, in a particular industry, for firms competing in international or regional markets (e.g., Momaya, 2019 ; Moon et al., 2015 ; Thompson et al., 2013 ) have emphasised the role of abilities, proprietary knowledge, innovation capability, sustainable business and economic model, technological innovation, pace of internationalisation, quality, business excellence and human resources. Based on our research and taking these factors into consideration, India’s capability as a medical tourism destination is assessed below and gap areas identified. Table ​ Table1 1 provides a synthesis of the growth drivers for India’s medical tourism industry and the opportunity scope.

Medical tourism industry in India—growth drives and opportunity scope.

Source: Compiled by author

With increasing significance of quality and outcomes of the service (Mishra & Sharma, 2021 ), ‘value’ has become the watchword for the healthcare industry. The term to be used here is then medical ‘value’ travel. The addressable market is huge and several countries are strategizing to tap into this opportunity. India’s needs to build a value proposition around the right combinations of cost and quality efficiency.

Clinical expertise and cost are primarily the two important drivers of medical tourism market in India (Ebrahim & Ganguli, 2019 ). It has an edge over other countries with respect to its cost competitiveness. With several prominent super speciality brand names, Delhi NCR has become a hub for medical tourism. The emergence of a robust private sector has significantly enhanced the quality and standards of healthcare. With the presence of clinical and technical expertise, and international standards, Delhi’s credibility as a medical destination is on a rise. Delhi also scores high on the parameters like cultural adaptability and soft skills. The surge in emerging unconventional formats of healthcare delivery and technological revolutions are further fuelling the growth of this industry in India.

Delhi’s holistic appeal as a medical travel destination is hampered by a significantly poor perception on factors such as safety, travel infrastructure, tourism experience and streamlined systems. There have been few initiatives from the government, however much work needs to be done. Regulatory initiatives are specifically required in the areas of transparent accreditation to prevent false claims and substandard care deliveries. Most of all there needs to be a streamlined effort to bring the industry together and work on common grounds of promotion, streamlined systems and travel infrastructure. The medical facilitators play a prominent role in the medical tourism value chain. However, there is an urgent need to define and regularise their position. The channel needs to be streamlined to promote transparency in the process and curtail any unethical and unfair practice that can impact the service outcome and in turn the overall credibility.

Delhi NCR, being the capital and focal point of major developments in the country, has significant scope for improvements in airport and travel infrastructure. As in case of the hospitality industry, service delivery standards need to get streamlined in healthcare industry as well. This would mean investing in training and retaining of paramedics, not just with specialities, but general nurses and staff well.

Industry to focus on brand building initiatives, driven by digital marketing solutions and user specific marketing campaigns. Industry can leverage from collaborative efforts of the stakeholders and public private partnerships to extend potentials of enhancing expertise, efficiency and investment. Most of all it is critical to focus on factors like safety, pollution, drinking water quality, sanitation and corruption to promote a strong positive image of the country that can positively impact medical tourism industry.

As the market is getting matured, industry dynamics are changing. ‘Value’ and ‘Sustainability’ have become the operative words around the world. India and specifically Delhi NCR can look at streamlining the medical value chain by adding and generating value at each touch point, both for India and the source country. With countries which are ready to step up their healthcare facilities, India can explore the option of ‘reverse medical travel’, where in Indian doctors can help set up facilities in the source countries and train their health resources. The complicated and serious procedures will still have to refered back to India, due to the nature of procedure or the critical post-op are required. Such initiatives have already started taking place, but at a minuscule scale. Indian healthcare system needs to take a giant leap towards leveraging the unconventional operating models and technological revolutions, building an ecosystem that encourages and supports innovation. Tapping the international market in a big way will further power this growth.

Limitations and Avenues for Future Research

Case study research has an inherent limitation of generalisability. This research is limited to redefining the value proposition of the medical tourism industry in the Delhi-NCR region only. However, to get an overall perspective of India as a destination, such a study needs to get extended to other major medical tourism hubs as well, such as Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai. Also, this study is limited to the surgical aspect of the medical tourism market. Further research could also focus on another growing segment of wellness tourism. Domestic tourism is also an important but a relatively unexplored area. Other micro-niche areas can be super-specialities such as cardiac, ortho, dental, or reproductive services. Facilitators for an important but a very weak link in the medical travel value chain. Further research could focus to either remove or to strengthen this link.

India’s evolution, as amongst the world’s most preferred medical tourist destinations, is expected to sustain a steady growth. This growth is driven by five major factors: cost competitiveness, medical expertise, quality of healthcare services, robust private sector and cultural adaptability. Even as these factors propel India forward, there are some major gaps to bridge. The most pressing concerns in front of the Indian medical tourism industry are paucity of an amenable policy framework, inadequate tourism and logistic infrastructure, unstandardized service quality standards, and India’s poor perception on macroeconomic factors such as corruption, environment quality, safety. To successfully build a future of envisioned growth, India must place a premium on a collaborative effort from all the stakeholders, to address these issues; a commitment to innovation and sustained inclusive growth.

As for the healthcare systems around the world, COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the foundations of Indian healthcare industry as well. With business and health restrictions, medical tourism industry also suffered the initial setback (Ayittey, 2020 ). Government, tourism companies and healthcare providers are struggling to remodel their business to adjust to current realities, withstand the pandemic and accelerate recovery. As the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic is not clear, the future remains uncertain. This pandemic and uncertainty around it have further intensified the need for the industry players to direct their focus on realignment and revaluation of their business models and work towards enhancing resilience and agility.

The purpose of this research is to analyse the factors that are crucial for India to identify, create and finally deliver a distinctive value proposition as medical tourism destination. Following a literature review and a qualitative study with Delhi NCR as a case, this research advances the medical tourism body of knowledge. The paper discusses the research process and the methodology adopted for the study in detail. Finally, the report analyses India’s, and specifically Delhi-NCR’s, competence as a medical tourist destination and synthesises the key growth drivers and opportunities for this industry.

Key Questions Reflecting Applicability in Real Life

• What are the critical success factors in medical tourism industry?
• What are the dimensions and factors that can help India increase its competitiveness as a medical tourism destination?
• How can service providers ensure a steady growth of the medical tourism ecosystem, to ensure sustainability and competitiveness?
• What role can policy support play for the medical tourism ecosystem in India and its competitiveness?
• How has the Covid-19 Pandemic affected the medical tourism ecosystem? Which segment of the industry can rebound stronger in which cities?

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Acknowledgements

The authors extend their special thanks to all the respondents of this study, who despite their busy schedules and heavy engagements, took time to give us their insights and critical inputs to improve the quality of this research. Besides, the authors wish to acknowledge all the reviewers including the members on the Editorial Board of this journal, whose constructive critique helped in improving the quality of the paper to a great extent.

Biographies

has over 16 years of diverse experience in industry and academics. She has been working as a management consultant offering knowledge-based services to clients in the consumer and retail sector. Neha has also been associated with various universities and institutes as a visiting faculty in the area of marketing, management and retail. Her research interest lies in the area of Marketing, Retail, Luxury, Services, Consumer Behaviour, Education and Employability. Neha Malhotra is a doctoral scholar at Ambedkar University, Delhi. She has done MS in Consultancy Management from BITS Pilani and Postgraduation in Fashion Management Studies from NIFT Bangalore.

is a professor of Marketing and Retail Management area at Ambedkar University, Delhi. He brings in-rich experience of around 23 years in industry and academics. Prof Dave is also Dean of School of Business, Public Policy and Social Entrepreneurship (SBPPSE) at Ambedkar University. He has been serving as an expert for various academic endeavours like selection committees, board of studies, PhD examiner, speaker and trainer at various B-schools and universities. His research interest lies in Marketing, Management, Services, Branding, Luxury, Retailing, Customer Analysis, Internationalization in Higher Education, Management Education in India, Quality and Accreditation issues.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by NM and KD. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NM and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.

The authors declare that there was no funding from any agency or institution for conducting this study.

Data Availability

Code availability, declarations.

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Contributor Information

Neha Malhotra, Email: [email protected] .

Kartik Dave, Email: ni.ca.dua@kitrak .

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India Medical Tourism Market Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2019-2029 Segmented By Type (Inbound, Outbound) By Treatment Type (Orthopedic Surgery, Cardiac Surgery, Cancer Treatment, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Cosmetic Surgery, Bariatric Surgery, Fertility Treatment, Others) By Service (Medical VISA, Appointment Fixation, Treatment/Check-up Packages, Others), by region, and Competition

• Industry : Healthcare
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Report Description

Table of content, frequently asked questions, related reports.

Market Overview

India Medical Tourism Market has valued at USD 7431.20 million in 2023 and is anticipated to witness an impressive growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 18.15 % through 2029 . Medical tourism, also known as health tourism or medical travel, refers to the practice of individuals traveling to another country or region to seek medical treatment, healthcare services, or elective medical procedures. This phenomenon has gained popularity in recent years due to a combination of factors, including the availability of high-quality medical care in various countries, cost considerations, and ease of travel. Medical tourism involves patients crossing international borders to access medical services. They may travel to nearby countries or even to distant continents, depending on their medical needs and preferences. Medical tourists seek a wide range of medical services, including elective procedures (e.g., cosmetic surgery, dental work, and fertility treatments), specialized medical care (e.g., cardiac surgery, orthopedic procedures, and cancer treatments), and wellness services (e.g., holistic, and alternative therapies). One of the primary motivations for medical tourism is the cost advantage. Patients often choose to travel because they can receive equivalent or superior quality care at a fraction of the price, they would pay in their home countries. This is particularly appealing to those who are either uninsured or have limited insurance coverage.

India specializes in various medical fields, including cardiac care, orthopedic surgery, organ transplantation, oncology, and fertility treatments. The availability of specialized and advanced medical procedures attracts patients seeking specific healthcare services. India is known for its holistic approach to healthcare, including practices such as Ayurveda, Yoga, and naturopathy. Many medical tourists are drawn to India for wellness and rejuvenation programs, seeking both medical treatment and alternative therapies. India's rich cultural heritage, historical sites, diverse landscapes, and tourist attractions provide an added incentive for international patients. Many choose to combine their medical treatment with tourism, making it a holistic experience. English is widely spoken in the Indian healthcare system, which makes it easier for international patients to communicate with healthcare providers and access information about their treatment.

Key Market Drivers

Increasing Specialized Medical Care

Countries that excel in providing specialized medical care often have renowned experts and healthcare professionals in those fields. These experts and their institutions build a reputation for excellence, which draws patients seeking specific treatments. Specialized medical care requires advanced medical technology and state-of-the-art facilities. Patients are willing to travel to countries with cutting-edge infrastructure to access the latest treatments and procedures. Specialized healthcare providers tend to have a higher success rate in their respective fields. Patients are more likely to achieve positive outcomes when they receive care from specialists, which is a significant driver for seeking specialized medical care abroad. Some countries with specialized medical services offer shorter waiting times for procedures. This is particularly important for patients facing critical conditions or those seeking timely interventions.

Specialized medical centers are often at the forefront of medical research and innovation. Patients are drawn to countries that offer access to groundbreaking treatments and therapies that may not be available in their home countries. While specialized medical care can be expensive, in some cases, traveling to a country that offers high-quality specialized care can still be cost-effective when compared to the expenses associated with the same treatment in their home countries. Specialized medical centers often provide comprehensive care, including pre-operative and post-operative support, rehabilitation, and long-term follow-up. This holistic approach to patient care contributes to positive outcomes and patient satisfaction.

In addition to specialized treatments, some countries offer holistic health and wellness services. This may include alternative therapies, stress management, and lifestyle interventions that complement medical care. Many countries that attract medical tourists for specialized care have healthcare professionals who are proficient in English or other widely spoken languages. This language proficiency ensures effective communication and patient comfort. Some governments actively promote and support medical tourism in specialized fields. They may implement policies and initiatives to facilitate the entry of foreign patients and ensure a smooth experience. This factor will help in the development of the India Medical Tourism Market.

Holistic Wellness and Alternative Medicine

Holistic wellness and alternative medicine approaches aim to address not only the physical but also the mental and emotional aspects of health. Patients seeking a more comprehensive approach to healthcare are drawn to countries that offer holistic services. Alternative medicine often emphasizes wellness and preventive care, helping individuals adopt a healthier lifestyle and reduce the risk of future health issues. Patients looking for wellness and prevention solutions may travel to countries offering these services. Holistic and alternative practices often involve natural and non-invasive therapies, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, yoga, Ayurveda, and naturopathy. Patients prefer these treatments over conventional medical interventions, particularly for certain chronic conditions or lifestyle-related health concerns. Holistic approaches typically focus on patient-centered care, considering an individual's unique needs and preferences. Patients value this personalized and patient-centric approach. Holistic wellness often includes stress management and mental health services, which are increasingly important in today's fast-paced world. Patients may seek these services to improve their mental well-being.

Some medical tourism destinations offer natural healing environments, such as wellness retreats in serene settings. These environments contribute to relaxation and rejuvenation. Patients with chronic conditions, such as arthritis, back pain, and stress-related disorders, may explore alternative therapies that have shown promising results in managing and alleviating their symptoms. Many patients choose to complement traditional medical treatments with holistic or alternative therapies to enhance their overall well-being and treatment outcomes.

Some individuals are drawn to countries with rich cultural and spiritual traditions that incorporate holistic practices into their way of life. These cultural experiences can be a significant factor in choosing a medical tourism destination. Wellness programs that include lifestyle coaching, nutrition, and fitness are appealing to patients seeking long-term health and wellness benefits. These programs can be part of a holistic approach to healthcare. Wellness retreats and stress management programs can offer a break from daily life, helping patients rejuvenate and learn techniques to manage stress and improve their overall health. This factor will pace up the demand of the India Medical Tourism Market.

Rising Cultural and Tourist Attractions

Patients often seek a holistic experience that goes beyond medical treatment. Combining healthcare with cultural and tourist attractions provides a well-rounded and enriching journey. Many countries have historical and cultural sites that are of great interest to travelers. Medical tourists may plan their trips to include visits to iconic landmarks, museums, and heritage sites. Countries with diverse landscapes, such as mountains, beaches, forests, and deserts, offer a range of recreational activities that can enhance the overall travel experience.

Exploring local cuisine is a popular part of the travel experience. Patients and their families often savor the opportunity to taste traditional dishes and specialties unique to the destination. Tourists often enjoy shopping for souvenirs and local products, which adds to the cultural experience. Unique handicrafts and regional products make for memorable mementos. Countries with vibrant arts scenes and entertainment options, such as theaters, music festivals, and art exhibitions, can captivate the interests of patients and their companions. Patients may time their medical trips to coincide with local festivals and celebrations, allowing them to immerse themselves in the culture and traditions of the destination. Spiritual travelers may choose destinations with religious significance, where they can visit temples, churches, mosques, or other sacred places. Access to outdoor activities such as hiking, water sports, and wildlife safaris is appealing to those who want to combine medical care with adventurous experiences.

Some destinations offer wellness and retreat programs that align with cultural practices and traditions. Patients may choose these options for overall well-being. Exploring a new culture, learning a new language, or engaging with local customs can be an enriching part of the medical tourism experience. Family members or caregivers who accompany patients may want to explore and enjoy the destination while the patient undergoes treatment. Cultural and tourist attractions offer them opportunities for recreation. Being in a culturally rich and captivating environment can contribute to stress reduction and relaxation, which can be beneficial for patients in recovery. This factor will accelerate the demand of the India Medical Tourism Market.

Key Market Challenges

Visa and Travel Regulations

Although India has introduced a Medical Visa category designed to facilitate the entry of foreign patients, there can still be delays in visa processing. This can be a concern, particularly for patients in need of urgent medical treatment. Navigating the visa application process and meeting the necessary requirements can sometimes be complex, which may deter potential medical tourists. Bureaucratic hurdles and documentation requirements can vary based on the patient's home country. Not all individuals may be eligible for a Medical Visa to India. Eligibility criteria often include a confirmed medical treatment plan, a letter from a recognized healthcare facility, and other supporting documents. Some patients may not meet these requirements. While Medical Visas typically offer longer durations than standard tourist visas, they are still subject to limits. Patients requiring extended treatment may face challenges in obtaining visa extensions or renewals. Patients may wish to bring family members or caregivers with them, but visa regulations for accompanying individuals can vary. This can complicate travel arrangements. Visa policies can change over time due to geopolitical or diplomatic reasons. Unforeseen policy changes can impact on the ease of access for medical tourists. Travel restrictions, quarantine requirements, and health screenings introduced in response to events like the COVID-19 pandemic can impact medical tourists' travel plans and complicate the logistics of their trips.

Competition from Other Countries

The medical tourism industry is highly competitive, with many countries actively promoting their healthcare services to international patients. India competes with countries such as Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and South Korea, among others. Different countries specialize in various medical fields and offer a wide range of medical treatments and procedures. India must contend with the diverse offerings of these countries when attracting international patients. Patients often have multiple options when choosing a destination for medical treatment. The quality of care, as well as the reputation and accreditation of healthcare facilities, is a critical factor in their decision-making process. While India is known for its cost-effective healthcare, some other countries also offer competitive pricing for medical procedures. India must continuously assess and adjust its pricing to remain competitive. The ease of obtaining a visa and travel convenience to a particular country can influence the choice of destination. Countries with streamlined visa processes and well-connected transportation networks may have a competitive advantage. Political stability and safety concerns can affect a country's attractiveness to medical tourists. Any political instability or security issues can deter patients from choosing India as their medical tourism destination. The language barrier can be a challenge for patients seeking medical treatment in India. Countries that offer more comprehensive language support may be preferred by patients who are not fluent in English or the local language.

Key Market Trends

Telemedicine and Digital Health

Telemedicine allows international patients to access remote consultations with Indian healthcare professionals before deciding to travel for medical treatment. This helps patients gather information, discuss treatment options, and clarify their doubts without the need for in-person visits. Telemedicine plays a crucial role in providing pre- and post-operative care for medical tourists. Patients can receive virtual follow-up consultations, guidance on post-surgery care, and regular monitoring, reducing the need for extended stays in India. Telemedicine facilitates medical second opinions, enabling patients to consult with multiple specialists and make informed decisions about their treatment plans. For patients with chronic conditions, telemedicine ensures continuity of care when they return to their home countries. They can continue to consult with their Indian healthcare providers for ongoing management. Digital health technologies enable the remote monitoring of patients' vital signs and health parameters. This data can be shared with healthcare providers in India, allowing for real-time assessment and adjustments to treatment plans. Post-surgery rehabilitation and physical therapy can be conducted through tele-rehabilitation programs, enabling patients to receive guidance and exercise routines from a distance. Digital health solutions facilitate e-prescriptions and medication management, making it easier for patients to access prescribed medications and adhere to treatment plans.

Segmental Insights

Type Insights

In 2023, the India Medical Tourism Market largest share was held by Inbound segment and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years. India is known for its high-quality healthcare services, state-of-the-art medical facilities, and skilled medical professionals. Many hospitals and clinics in India have received international accreditations, which enhance their reputation and attract patients from around the world. India offers a wide range of specialized medical services, including but not limited to cardiac surgery, orthopedics, organ transplantation, and cancer treatment. The availability of specialized and advanced medical procedures is a significant draw for international patients. One of the primary drivers of medical tourism to India is cost-effectiveness. Medical treatments in India are often more affordable than in many Western countries, even when considering travel and accommodation expenses. This cost advantage is particularly attractive to patients without comprehensive insurance coverage. The Indian government has implemented policies and initiatives to support medical tourism. The introduction of dedicated visa categories, such as the Medical Visa, has streamlined the entry process for foreign patients. India's rich cultural heritage, historical sites, diverse landscapes, and tourist attractions provide an added incentive for international patients and their accompanying family members. Many opt to combine their medical treatment with tourism, making it a holistic experience.

Treatment Type Insights

In 2023, the India Medical Tourism Market largest share was held by Orthopaedic Surgery segment and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years.   India is known for its highly skilled and specialized orthopedic surgeons and healthcare professionals. The country has earned a reputation for providing world-class orthopedic care and advanced surgical procedures. Orthopedic surgeries in India are often more cost-effective than in many Western countries. This cost advantage attracts patients who seek high-quality orthopedic treatment at a fraction of the price they would pay in their home countries. India boasts state-of-the-art hospitals and orthopedic centres equipped with modern technology and infrastructure. These facilities offer a range of orthopedic services, including joint replacements, spine surgery, sports medicine, and orthopedic trauma care. Patients often experience shorter waiting times for orthopedic surgeries in India compared to their home countries. This prompt access to medical care is especially appealing to those in need of timely treatment for conditions such as joint pain or injuries. The Indian government has made it easier for medical tourists to obtain Medical Visas, which are specifically designed for those seeking healthcare services in India. This streamlined visa process has encouraged more patients to choose India for orthopedic procedures. India offers comprehensive post-surgery rehabilitation programs, which can be important for patients recovering from orthopedic surgeries. This holistic approach to care supports patients in their recovery journey.

Service Insights

In 2023, the India Medical Tourism Market largest share was held by Medical VISA segment in the forecast period and is predicted to continue expanding over the coming years.   The Indian government has streamlined the visa application process for medical tourists. The Medical Visa category is specifically designed to make it easier for foreign patients to obtain a visa for medical treatment in India. This simplification and specialization in the visa category have made it more convenient for patients to travel to India. Medical Visas typically have longer durations compared to regular tourist visas. This allows patients and their accompanying family members to stay in India for the necessary duration to complete their medical treatment and recovery, which is essential for many complex medical procedures. The Medical Visa category is tailored to those seeking healthcare services in India. It provides patients with greater access to healthcare facilities, doctors, and treatment options, ensuring they can receive the necessary medical attention. India is known for offering specialized medical care in various fields such as cardiology, orthopaedics, oncology, and organ transplantation. The Medical Visa is well-suited for patients seeking these specialized treatments. The Medical Visa category ensures that patients comply with the regulations and legal requirements related to seeking medical treatment in India. This provides a level of assurance for both patients and healthcare providers.

Regional Insights

The North India region dominates the India Medical Tourism Market in 2023. North India is home to some of the country's most renowned and accredited healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics, and medical centers. These institutions are known for their high standards of medical care, advanced technology, and skilled healthcare professionals. The North Indian region offers a wide range of specialized medical services, including cardiac care, orthopedic surgeries, organ transplants, and cancer treatments. These services attract patients from around the world seeking advanced and specialized medical care. North India is rich in cultural and historical heritage. Many medical tourists are attracted not only by the healthcare services but also by the opportunity to explore the region's historical and cultural sites, such as the Taj Mahal, Jaipur's palaces, and the holy city of Varanasi. Delhi, India's capital, is in North India. Many international flights land in Delhi, making it a convenient entry point for medical tourists. This geographical advantage eases travel logistics for patients and their families.

Recent Developments

In August 2023, the Indian government introduced a new visa category known as the Ayush (AY) visa. This visa is tailored to meet the needs of foreign nationals seeking medical treatment in India through traditional Indian systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda and Yoga. The primary focus of this visa is to accommodate individuals interested in Ayurveda, Yoga, and other traditional wellness and therapeutic practices. The Ayush Visa category is a vital component of the Heal in India initiative, which outlines India's plan to enhance its position as a global destination for holistic healthcare and wellness.

Key Market Players

• Vaidam Health Private Limited
• Digicore Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (ClinicSpots)
• We Care Health Services
• Mediniq Healthcare Pvt Ltd
• Arinaa Medical Tourism Pvt Ltd.
• Medmonks Medicare Pvt Ltd.
• Mediconnect India Pvt. Ltd.
• Global Treatment Services Pvt. Ltd.
• Universal Health Help Private Limited
• TourIndia4Health Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
• TourMyIndia Pvt. Ltd.

Report Scope:

In this report, the India Medical Tourism Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

•  India Medical Tourism Market , By Type:

o    Inbound

o    Outbound

• India Medical Tourism Market , By Treatment Type:

o    Orthopedic Surgery

o    Cardiac Surgery

o    Cancer Treatment

o    Neurology & Neurosurgery

o    Cosmetic Surgery

o    Bariatric Surgery

o    Fertility Treatment

o    Others

• India Medical Tourism Market , By Service:

o    Medical VISA

o    Appointment Fixation

o    Treatment/Check-up Packages

• India Medical Tourism Market, By Region:

o    North India

o    South India

o    East India

o    West India

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles:  Detailed analysis of the major companies presents in the India Medical Tourism Market.

Available Customizations:

India   Medical Tourism Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

India   Medical Tourism Market is an upcoming report to be released soon. If you wish an early delivery of this report or want to confirm the date of release, please contact us at [email protected]

1.     Product Overview

1.1.   Market Definition

1.2.   Scope of the Market

1.2.1.     Markets Covered

1.2.2.     Years Considered for Study

1.2.3.     Key Market Segmentations

2.     Research Methodology

2.1.   Objective of the Study

2.2.   Baseline Methodology

2.3.   Key Industry Partners

2.4.   Major Association and Secondary Types

2.5.   Forecasting Methodology

2.6.   Data Triangulation & Validation

2.7.   Assumptions and Limitations

3.     Executive Summary

3.1.   Overview of the Market

3.2.   Overview of Key Market Segmentations

3.3.   Overview of Key Market Players

3.4.   Overview of Key Regions/Countries

3.5.   Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4.     Voice of Customer

5.     India Medical Tourism Market Outlook

5.1.   Market Size & Forecast

5.1.1.     By Value

5.2.   Market Share & Forecast

5.2.1.         By Type (Inbound, Outbound)

5.2.2.         By Treatment Type (Orthopedic Surgery, Cardiac Surgery, Cancer Treatment, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Cosmetic Surgery, Bariatric Surgery, Fertility Treatment, Others)

5.2.3.         By Service (Medical VISA, Appointment Fixation, Treatment/Check-up Packages, Others)

         5.2.4.     By Region (North India, South India, East India, West India)

         5.2.5.     By Company

5.3.   Product Market Map

6.     India Inbound Medical Tourism Market Outlook

6.1.   Market Size & Forecast       

6.1.1.     By Value

6.2.   Market Share & Forecast

6.2.1.     By Treatment Type

6.2.2.     By Service

7.     India Outbound Medical Tourism Market Outlook

7.1.   Market Size & Forecast       

7.1.1.     By Value

7.2.   Market Share & Forecast

7.2.1.         By Treatment Type

7.2.2.         By Service

8.     Market Dynamics

8.1.   Drivers

8.2.   Challenges

9.     Market Trends & Developments

9.1.   Merger & Acquisition

9.2.   Product Development

9.3.   Recent Developments

10. Policy & Regulatory Landscape

11. Porters Five Forces Analysis

11.1.              Competition in the Industry

11.2.              Potential of New Entrants

11.3.              Power of Suppliers

11.4.              Power of Customers

11.5.              Threat of Substitute Products

12. India Economic Profile

13. Pricing Analysis

14. Competitive Landscape

14.1.    Vaidam Health Private Limited

14.2.    Digicore Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (ClinicSpots)

14.3.    We Care Health Services

14.4.    Mediniq Healthcare Pvt Ltd

14.5.    Arinaa Medical Tourism Pvt Ltd.

14.6.    Medmonks Medicare Pvt Ltd.

14.7.    Mediconnect India Pvt. Ltd.

14.8.    Global Treatment Services Pvt. Ltd.

14.9.    Universal Health Help Private Limited

14.10. TourIndia4Health Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

14.11. TourMyIndia Pvt. Ltd.

15. Strategic Recommendations

16.   About Us & Disclaimer

Figures and Tables

What is the market size of the india medical tourism market in 2023.

The market size of the India Medical Tourism Market is estimated to be USD 7431.20 million in 2023.

Who are the top players operating in the India Medical Tourism Market in 2022?

Universal Health Help Private Limited, TourIndia4Health Consultants Pvt. Ltd. are some of the key players operating in the India Medical Tourism Market.

What are the challenges faced by the India Medical Tourism Market in the upcoming years?

Changes in visa policies, including delays or difficulties in obtaining medical visas, can hinder the flow of medical tourists to india..

Ayurveda, yoga, and other alternative medicine practices have gained popularity among medical tourists

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Sakshi Bajaal

Business consultant.

India Medical Tourism Market to grow with a CAGR of 18.15 %

Increasing healthcare infrastructure and a supportive regulatory environment are the major drivers for the India Medical Tourism Market.

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India Medical Tourism Market

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India Medical Tourism Market - By Treatment Type (Dental Treatment, Cosmetic Treatment, Cardiovascular Treatment, Orthopedic Treatment, Neurological Treatment, Cancer Treatment, Fertility Treatment, Others); By Services (Wellness Services, Therapeutic Services); By Tour Type (Independent Traveler, Tour Group, Package Traveler); By Consumer Orientation (Men, Women, Children); By Booking Channel (Phone Booking, Online Booking, In-Person Booking); By Region (Northern India, Southern India, Eastern India, Western India), Trend Analysis, Competitive Landscape & Forecast, 2019–2029

• Published Date: March 2023
• Report ID: BWC23245
• Available Format: PDF
• Report Summary
• Table of Contents
• Segmentation
• Methodology
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